Food Control最新文献_第5页

Detecting vegetable oils in black soldier fly larvae oil using infrared spectroscopy coupled with one-class and hierarchical modelling 结合一级和分层建模的红外光谱法检测黑兵蝇幼虫油中的植物油

IF 6.3 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2026.111961

J.P. Cruz-Tirado , Ramon Sousa Barros Ferreira , Eduardo Augusto Caldas Batista , Lara Honório , José Manuel Amigo , Douglas Fernandes Barbin

The Black Soldier Fly Larvae (BSFL) oil is a by-product from the animal feed industry. BSFL oil is rich in medium-chain fatty acids, which has led to an increase in demand for pharmaceutical or animal feed industry. This study evaluated the authenticity of BSFL oil and its adulteration with vegetable oils using two portable near infrared (NIR) spectrometers (spectrometer 1 (900 – 1700 nm) and spectrometer 2 (1350–2500 nm)) and Fourier-transform middle infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (4000–650 cm⁻¹) combined with chemometric methods. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed partial separation between pure and adulterated samples, but some mixtures, like BSFL + sunflower and BSFL + corn, overlapped due to similar composition. Data Driven Soft Independent Modelling Class Analogy (DD-SIMCA) was used to authenticate pure BSFL oil, reaching up to 100 % sensitivity and specificity in test set, especially with spectrometer 2 and FTIR. Multi-class PLS-DA models were able to classify BSFL oil and its mixtures, although they showed low classification rates (True Positive Rate (TPR) < 30 %) for BSFL oil adulterated with canola or corn oil, especially using spectrometer 1. Hierarchical PLS-DA models were developed to improve discrimination, reaching better classification rates for all adulterated classes. Overall, DD-SIMCA, PLS-DA and hierarchical models combined with NIR or FTIR spectroscopy are promising tools to detect BSFL oil adulteration in a fast and non-destructive way, with potential applications in quality control and fraud prevention.

黑兵蝇幼虫（BSFL）油是动物饲料工业的副产品。BSFL油富含中链脂肪酸，这导致制药或动物饲料行业的需求增加。本研究利用2台便携式近红外（NIR）光谱仪(1号光谱仪（900 ~ 1700 nm）和2号光谱仪（1350 ~ 2500 nm）和傅里叶变换中红外（FTIR）光谱（4000 ~ 650 cm−1）结合化学计量学方法，对BSFL油的真伪及其植物油掺假进行了鉴定。主成分分析（PCA）表明，BSFL +向日葵和BSFL +玉米由于成分相似而出现部分重叠。采用数据驱动的软独立建模类类比（DD-SIMCA）对BSFL纯油进行鉴定，在测试集中灵敏度和特异性均达到100%，特别是在2号光谱仪和FTIR上。多级PLS-DA模型能够对BSFL油及其混合物进行分类，但对掺入菜籽油或玉米油的BSFL油的分类率（真阳性率（TPR） 30%）较低，特别是使用1分光计时。开发了分层PLS-DA模型以提高判别，对所有掺假类别达到更好的分类率。总体而言，DD-SIMCA、PLS-DA和分层模型结合近红外或FTIR光谱是一种快速无损检测BSFL油掺假的有前景的工具，在质量控制和欺诈预防方面具有潜在的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

DNA walker nanosensing in food safety detection: Principles, applications, and future directions DNA步行者纳米传感在食品安全检测中的应用：原理、应用和未来方向

IF 6.3 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2026.111962

Zhen Wang , Jaslyn Ru Ting Chen , Qi-Zhi Zhong , Luyang Wang

Rapid and ultra-sensitive detection technologies are pivotal for ensuring food safety and public health. While traditional methods like PCR and ELISA are stalwarts, they often lack the adaptability required for rapid, on-site screening. Dynamic nucleic acid nanotechnology, particularly the DNA walker strategy, has emerged as a transformative paradigm in this landscape. By exploiting the programmed, directional motion of molecular walkers, this platform achieves dynamic cascade signal amplification, enabling attomolar-level sensitivity and superior specificity. Here, we present a critical review of DNA walker-driven nanosensing tailored for food safety. We dissect the fundamental design principles, ranging from walker kinetics and track construction to diverse signal transduction modalities. Furthermore, we systematically evaluate recent breakthroughs in monitoring critical contaminants, including foodborne pathogens, biotoxins, agrochemical residues, and heavy metals. Crucially, we address the translational bottlenecks regarding stability in complex food matrices and fabrication standardization. The review concludes by outlining future trajectories toward smart, multiplexed, and field-deployable biosensing systems, providing a roadmap for leveraging DNA walkers to revolutionize next-generation food safety diagnostics.

快速和超灵敏的检测技术是确保食品安全和公众健康的关键。虽然PCR和ELISA等传统方法是可靠的，但它们往往缺乏快速现场筛查所需的适应性。动态核酸纳米技术，特别是DNA步行者策略，已经成为这一领域的变革范例。通过利用分子行走器的程序化定向运动，该平台实现了动态级联信号放大，实现了原子级的灵敏度和卓越的特异性。在这里，我们提出了一个关键的审查DNA行走器驱动的纳米传感量身定制的食品安全。我们剖析了基本的设计原则，从步行者动力学和轨道建设到各种信号转导模式。此外，我们系统地评估了最近在监测关键污染物方面取得的突破，包括食源性病原体、生物毒素、农用化学品残留物和重金属。至关重要的是，我们解决了关于复杂食品基质稳定性和制造标准化的转化瓶颈。该综述总结了智能、多路复用和可现场部署的生物传感系统的未来发展轨迹，为利用DNA行走器革新下一代食品安全诊断提供了路线图。

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引用次数: 0

From fermentation to storage: Innovative development of nanosensing technology and biological regulation strategies for the full lifecycle control of ethyl carbamate 从发酵到储存：纳米传感技术的创新发展和氨基甲酸乙酯全生命周期控制的生物调控策略

IF 6.3 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2026.111959

Yanmei Zhu , Bowen Wang , Mengyao Liu , Hehe Li , Dongrui Zhao , Baoguo Sun , Jinyuan Sun

Ethyl carbamate (EC) is a harmful substance with genotoxicity and carcinogenicity, which is inevitably formed during the brewing process of alcoholic beverages. Therefore, it is necessary to study the generation pathway and safety control of EC. This article focuses on introducing the metabolic pathways of EC in alcoholic beverages - the metabolic pathways of nitrogen-containing compounds in raw materials, the transformation reactions of precursor substances at different brewing stages, and the metabolic effects of microorganisms (yeast/lactic acid bacteria). By revealing the key influencing factors, optimize the brewing process to regulate EC production. At the technical level, first explores the advantages of the improved traditional detection methods, with a focus on discussing the nanosensing technology driven by molecularly imprinted polymers and fluorescent nanozymes, which enhances the sensitivity and portability of EC detection through multimodal signal output and innovative nanomaterials. Furthermore, enzyme degradation and genes regulate microbial metabolism offer novel approaches to controlling EC residues at the source, promoting green production and preventing flavor loss. This article aims to provide references for the safety research of alcohol beverage products and the future development direction of related fields.

氨基甲酸乙酯是一种具有遗传毒性和致癌性的有害物质，是酒精饮料在酿造过程中不可避免地形成的。因此，有必要对其产生途径和安全控制进行研究。本文重点介绍了EC在酒精饮料中的代谢途径——原料中含氮化合物的代谢途径、不同酿造阶段前体物质的转化反应以及微生物（酵母/乳酸菌）的代谢作用。通过揭示关键影响因素，优化酿造工艺，调控EC的生产。在技术层面，首先探讨了传统检测方法改进后的优势，重点讨论了分子印迹聚合物和荧光纳米酶驱动的纳米传感技术，该技术通过多模态信号输出和创新纳米材料提高了EC检测的灵敏度和便携性。此外，酶降解和基因调控微生物代谢为从源头控制EC残留、促进绿色生产和防止风味损失提供了新的途径。本文旨在为酒精饮料产品的安全性研究及相关领域未来的发展方向提供参考。

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引用次数: 0

Reducing product nonconformity through QMRA: A risk-based management approach for Listeria monocytogenes in a Taiwanese alfalfa sprout supply chain 通过QMRA减少产品不合格：台湾苜蓿芽供应链中单核增生李斯特菌的风险管理方法

IF 6.3 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2026.111957

Chia Hsuan Lin , Juan Chen , Nodali Ndraha , Hsin-I Hsiao

This study used a quantitative microbial risk assessment framework and developed a risk-based management approach aimed at reducing product nonconformity. The applicability of this approach was demonstrated in a case study of a Taiwanese alfalfa sprout supply chain, focusing on Listeria monocytogenes control. Primary data on cross-contamination rates and time–temperature profiles were obtained. Initial bacterial counts, prevalence, and growth models were derived from secondary data. Cross-contamination experiments indicated that rates of microbial transfer were 0.72 %–12.77 % from sprouts to contact surfaces and were 31.31 %–63.44 % from contact surfaces to sprouts. At baseline, the nonconformity rate (likelihood of exceeding 100 colony-forming units/g) was 1.74 × 10⁻³ per package of sprouts. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the top three factors influencing this rate were, in order of importance, transportation temperature, initial bacterial count, and storage temperature. Best-case scenario analysis revealed that combined control measures—for example, maintaining temperatures at ≤7 °C during storage and transportation and reducing initial contamination (e.g., through supplier verification and seed decontamination) to <0.5 log colony-forming units/g—minimized the nonconformity rate to a negligible level. Our findings may aid food safety managers in developing data-driven, risk-based management systems to effectively control microbial hazards and improve product safety and quality.

本研究使用了定量微生物风险评估框架，并开发了一种基于风险的管理方法，旨在减少产品不合格。该方法的适用性在台湾苜蓿芽供应链的案例研究中得到了证明，重点是单核细胞增生李斯特菌的控制。获得了交叉污染率和时间-温度分布的初步数据。最初的细菌数量、流行率和生长模型来源于二手数据。交叉污染实验表明，微生物从豆芽到接触表面的转移率为0.72% ~ 12.77%，接触表面到豆芽的转移率为31.31% ~ 63.44%。在基线时，不合格率（超过100个菌落形成单位/g的可能性）为每包芽1.74 × 10−3。敏感性分析表明，影响该比率的前3个因素依次为运输温度、初始细菌数量和储存温度。最佳情况分析表明，综合控制措施-例如，在储存和运输过程中保持温度≤7°C，并将初始污染（例如，通过供应商验证和种子去污染）减少到0.5 log菌落形成单位/g -将不合格率降至可忽略不计的水平。我们的发现可以帮助食品安全管理者开发数据驱动的、基于风险的管理系统，以有效地控制微生物危害，提高产品的安全性和质量。

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引用次数: 0

Risk ranking of toxic trace elements in animal- and plant-based protein sources under dietary protein transition scenarios 膳食蛋白质转换情景下动物和植物蛋白源中有毒微量元素的风险排序

IF 6.3 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2026.111958

Sofie Schryvers , Gijs Du Laing , Carl Lachat , Liesbeth Jacxsens

Plant-based meat and dairy alternatives (PBMA and PBDA) are becoming increasingly important in EU diets. However, the raw materials from which these products are derived, are susceptible to the uptake and accumulation of toxic trace elements. We present a methodology to identify potentially emerging food safety risks, by simulating a dietary transition from diets rich in animal-based foods to dietary patterns featuring PBMA and PBDA in Europe. The levels of toxic trace elements in meat and meat products, milk, PBMA and PBDA were estimated by aggregating occurrence data from multiple sources, including scientific literature and official monitoring data from EU countries, available in EFSA's Knowledge Junction. Food safety risks of toxic trace elements were assessed and ranked, using a substitution modelling approach, considering the contribution of both animal (milk and meat) and plant sources (PBDA and PBMA) to the exposure. Dietary exposure to Cd, Al, Ni, iAs, and Cr would increase when substituting meat and milk with plant-based alternatives. Scenario analyses demonstrate that iAs in rice-based drinks and Pb in both PBMA and PBDA, based on a variety of protein sources, present a potential public health concern. These outcomes indicate that food safety governance systems need to adapt to a changing market situation, where the importance of plant-based alternative foods continues to grow, and that risk assessments should consider changing diet trends, to ensure adequate consumer protection. Furthermore, consumers should be encouraged to diversify their plant-based protein intake to mitigate potential food safety risks.

植物性肉类和乳制品替代品（PBMA和PBDA）在欧盟饮食中变得越来越重要。然而，这些产品的原料很容易吸收和积累有毒的微量元素。我们提出了一种识别潜在食品安全风险的方法，通过模拟欧洲从富含动物性食品的饮食过渡到以PBMA和PBDA为特征的饮食模式。肉类和肉制品、牛奶、PBMA和PBDA中有毒微量元素的含量是通过汇总来自多个来源的数据来估计的，包括科学文献和欧盟国家的官方监测数据，这些数据可在欧洲食品安全局的知识中心获得。考虑到动物（奶和肉）和植物来源（PBDA和PBMA）对暴露的贡献，使用替代模型方法对有毒微量元素的食品安全风险进行了评估和排名。当用植物性替代品代替肉类和牛奶时，饮食中镉、铝、镍、砷和铬的暴露会增加。情景分析表明，基于多种蛋白质来源的大米饮料中的砷和PBMA和PBDA中的铅构成了潜在的公共卫生问题。这些结果表明，食品安全治理体系需要适应不断变化的市场形势，其中植物性替代食品的重要性持续增长，风险评估应考虑不断变化的饮食趋势，以确保充分保护消费者。此外，应鼓励消费者多样化其植物性蛋白质摄入量，以减轻潜在的食品安全风险。

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引用次数: 0

Drivers, barriers, and strategies of identification technology implementation for wine authentication 葡萄酒认证识别技术实施的驱动因素、障碍和策略

IF 6.3 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111954

Pengfei Li, Lucrezia Moroni, Mansi Jadhav, Kasper A. Hettinga, Sara W. Erasmus

Wine is prone to food fraud vulnerability due to its intricate supply chain and high price. Identification technologies attached to wine products are considered to contribute to their authenticity. This view has obtained a wide consensus in the wine sector, but not all the products have implemented the identification technologies in business practice. There is a lack of empirical studies on drivers and barriers to identification technology implementation since the perceptions of the wine supply chain actors are unclear. Importantly, how to promote the drivers and mitigate the barriers is still unknown. In this study, the interviews were conducted with grape growers, winemakers, bottlers, and distributors from Italy and India to explore the drivers, barriers, and strategies influencing the implementation of identification technology in two diverse supply chains. The findings show that the drivers for implementing identification technologies are efficient traceability, consumer trust, regulatory compliance, brand enhancement, ease of use, counterfeiting risks, counterfeiting monitoring, and keeping competitive; the barriers include implementation costs, traditional mindset, antiquated production lines, lacking technicians, forged devices, no counterfeiting, low visibility, and unequal returns; the strategies are collaboration enhancement, cost optimization, regulatory support, multi-technology integration, simplified systems, raising awareness, and training programs. The results of this research can improve the identification technology utilities in the Italian and Indian wine sectors to enhance the supply chain integrity.

葡萄酒由于其复杂的供应链和高昂的价格，容易受到食品欺诈的影响。附加在葡萄酒产品上的识别技术被认为有助于其真实性。这一观点在葡萄酒行业获得了广泛的共识，但并不是所有的产品都在商业实践中实施了识别技术。由于葡萄酒供应链参与者的认知尚不清楚，因此缺乏对识别技术实施的驱动因素和障碍的实证研究。重要的是，如何促进驱动因素和减少障碍仍然是未知的。在这项研究中，对来自意大利和印度的葡萄种植者、酿酒师、装瓶商和分销商进行了访谈，以探讨影响识别技术在两个不同供应链中实施的驱动因素、障碍和策略。研究结果表明，实施识别技术的驱动因素是高效的可追溯性、消费者信任、法规遵从、品牌提升、易用性、假冒风险、假冒监控和保持竞争力；障碍包括实施成本高、观念传统、生产线陈旧、技术人员缺乏、设备伪造、不造假、知名度低、回报不均；这些战略包括加强协作、成本优化、监管支持、多技术集成、简化系统、提高认识和培训计划。本研究的结果可以改善识别技术在意大利和印度葡萄酒行业的效用，以提高供应链的完整性。

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引用次数: 0

From minutes to bounds: A probabilistic UV-C control and a shape-only morphological fingerprint for postharvest Colletotrichum inactivation in cacao and coffee processing 从分钟到边界：可可和咖啡加工中采收后炭疽菌失活的概率UV-C控制和仅形状形态学指纹图谱

IF 6.3 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2026.111956

Ezekiel Ahn , Insuck Baek , Seunghyun Lim , Amelia Lovelace , Minhyeok Cha , Moon S. Kim , Sunchung Park , Lyndel W. Meinhardt

Standard time-based physical decontamination protocols (e.g., UV-C for ∼10 min) often fail to provide statistical safety guarantees due to significant biological heterogeneity among pathogens. To address this critical gap in postharvest process control for high-value crops like cacao and coffee, we present a dual framework, validated under controlled in vitro conditions, that substitutes empirical heuristics with probabilistic lethal bounds and a rapid morphological diagnostic. We utilized a large Colletotrichum dataset (n = 5363) spanning diverse treatments (UV-C, UV-B, sonication) to validate this approach. First, analysis of standard UV-C treatments (275 nm, ∼348 mJ cm⁻²) revealed that average-based protocols mask “tail-risk” hazards; the most conservative Clopper–Pearson upper 95 % bound on survival reached 1.000 for tolerant isolates (e.g., P24-88), indicating that survival probability could reach 100 % at the 95 % confidence level and highlighting a failure of the fixed-time process to ensure universal control. Second, we developed a 'shape-only' machine learning framework (Gradient Boosting) to facilitate rapid process verification. Using plate-grouped cross-validation (Group K Fold) to ensure robust assessment, this morphological classifier successfully predicted pathogen host-origin (Accuracy ≈ 0.93) and the continuous survival ratio (treated/control area) (R² ≈ 0.74), serving as a non-destructive indicator of UV-induced physiological stress. This work bridges the gap between fungal biology and food engineering, offering a robust Quality Assurance (QA) tool that transforms physical decontamination from an empirical art into a validated, statistically controlled engineering process.

标准的基于时间的物理去污方案（例如，UV-C照射~ 10分钟）往往不能提供统计安全性保证，因为病原体之间存在显著的生物异质性。为了解决可可和咖啡等高价值作物采后过程控制中的这一关键空白，我们提出了一个双重框架，在受控的体外条件下验证，用概率致死界限和快速形态学诊断替代经验启发法。我们使用了一个大型的Colletotrichum数据集（n = 5363），涵盖了不同的处理（UV-C, UV-B，超声）来验证这种方法。首先，对标准UV-C处理（275 nm, ~ 348 mJ cm - 2）的分析显示，基于平均水平的处理方案掩盖了“尾部风险”危害；耐受性分离株（如P24-88）的最保守的Clopper-Pearson 95%存活率上限达到1.000，表明在95%的置信水平下，存活率可以达到100%，并突出了固定时间过程无法确保普遍控制。其次，我们开发了一个“仅形状”的机器学习框架（梯度增强），以促进快速的过程验证。通过平板分组交叉验证（K Fold组）确保评估的稳健性，该形态学分类器成功预测病原体宿主来源（准确率≈0.93）和连续存活率（处理区/对照区）（R2≈0.74），可作为紫外线诱导生理应激的非破坏性指标。这项工作弥合了真菌生物学和食品工程之间的差距，提供了一个强大的质量保证（QA）工具，将物理净化从经验艺术转变为经过验证的、统计控制的工程过程。

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引用次数: 0

Hyperspectral imaging, chemometrics, feature selection, and machine learning for rapid, non-destructive detection and quantification of Robusta adulteration in ground and instant Arabica coffee 高光谱成像、化学计量学、特征选择和机器学习，用于快速、无损地检测和定量罗布斯塔掺假的研磨和速溶阿拉比卡咖啡

IF 6.3 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111955

Derick Malavi , Katleen Raes , Sam Van Haute

Detecting coffee adulteration, particularly in instant coffee, remains challenging due to overlapping spectral features and increased matrix complexity. This study evaluates near-infrared hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI, 900–1700 nm) combined with chemometrics and machine learning for both classification (authentication) and regression (quantification) of Robusta adulteration in ground and instant coffee. The analytical workflow incorporated spectral preprocessing (MSC, SNV, Savitzky–Golay derivatives), PCA-based dimensionality reduction, and feature selection using Boruta and genetic algorithm–recursive feature elimination (GA-RFE). t-SNE was applied for exploratory visualization, while class imbalance was addressed using cost-sensitive learning and synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE). Preprocessing with SNV or MSC followed by second-order derivatives consistently enhanced classification accuracy, while feature selection improved computational efficiency without compromising the accuracy of binary classifiers. Classification models, including LDA, k-NN, SVM, random forest, single-layer MLP, stacked ensembles, and class-weighted algorithms (logistic regression, ranger, class-weighted SVM), achieved high external-test performance, with balanced accuracies exceeding 98 % and several preprocessing–model combinations attaining perfect discrimination. For regression, stacked ensemble models performed best for ground coffee (RMSEP = 5.14 %, RPD >3.0), while penalized regression (Ridge) achieved the lowest prediction error for instant coffee (RMSEP = 7.39 %, RPD = 3.95). Overall, the results demonstrate that NIR-HSI combined with appropriate preprocessing and modeling strategies provides a robust, non-destructive framework for screening adulteration in coffee.

检测咖啡掺假，特别是速溶咖啡，仍然具有挑战性，因为重叠的光谱特征和增加的矩阵复杂性。本研究评估了近红外高光谱成像（NIR-HSI, 900-1700 nm）结合化学计量学和机器学习对研磨咖啡和速溶咖啡中罗布斯塔掺假的分类（认证）和回归（量化）。分析工作流程包括光谱预处理（MSC、SNV、Savitzky-Golay导数）、基于pca的降维以及使用Boruta和遗传算法-递归特征消除（GA-RFE）的特征选择。使用t-SNE进行探索性可视化，而使用代价敏感学习和合成少数过采样技术（SMOTE）来解决类不平衡问题。用SNV或MSC进行预处理，然后进行二阶导数，可以持续提高分类精度，而特征选择在不影响二值分类器精度的情况下提高了计算效率。包括LDA、k-NN、SVM、随机森林、单层MLP、堆叠集成和类加权算法（逻辑回归、ranger、类加权SVM）在内的分类模型取得了很高的外部测试性能，平衡准确率超过98%，多个预处理模型组合获得了完美的识别。对于回归，堆叠集成模型对咖啡粉的预测误差最好（RMSEP = 5.14%, RPD = 3.0），而惩罚回归（Ridge）对速溶咖啡的预测误差最低（RMSEP = 7.39%, RPD = 3.95）。总体而言，结果表明，NIR-HSI与适当的预处理和建模策略相结合，为筛选咖啡中的掺假提供了一个强大的、非破坏性的框架。

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引用次数: 0

A machine vision-coupled colorimetric electrospun nanofiber film for on-site TVB-N prediction and freshness grading of pork 用于猪肉TVB-N现场预测和新鲜度分级的机器视觉耦合电纺丝纳米纤维比色膜

IF 6.3 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111953

Tong Wan, Zhiran Liang, Fei Fan, Jingxuan Qiu, Caiyun Liu, Xin Wang

This study presents a machine vision-coupled colorimetric electrospun nanofiber film for on-site monitoring of pork freshness. The food-grade film, fabricated from polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, mulberry anthocyanins, and nano-ZnO via electrospinning, enables rapid freshness assessment within 3 min through direct contact with pork surfaces. The optimized film formulation exhibits distinct color transitions from pink to blue during spoilage, corresponding to pH changes in the critical freshness range. By integrating with machine vision and deep learning algorithms, the system achieves simultaneous TVB-N prediction (R² = 0.87) using support vector regression and four-level freshness classification (93 % accuracy) with EfficientNetB0. Validation results demonstrate the system's reliability in real pork samples, with excellent agreement between predicted and reference values. This non-destructive sensing platform operates effectively without requiring complex instrumentation, providing a practical solution for real-time quality monitoring in meat supply chains.

本研究提出了一种用于猪肉新鲜度现场监测的机器视觉耦合比色静电纺纳米纤维薄膜。这种食品级薄膜由聚乙烯醇、壳聚糖、桑树花青素和纳米氧化锌通过静电纺丝制成，通过直接接触猪肉表面，可以在3分钟内快速评估新鲜度。优化后的薄膜配方在变质过程中呈现出明显的颜色转变，从粉红色到蓝色，对应于临界新鲜度范围内pH值的变化。通过结合机器视觉和深度学习算法，系统利用支持向量回归和四级新鲜度分类（准确率93%）实现了TVB-N预测（R2 = 0.87）。验证结果表明该系统在实际猪肉样品中的可靠性，预测值与参考值之间具有良好的一致性。这种非破坏性传感平台无需复杂的仪器即可有效运行，为肉类供应链中的实时质量监测提供了实用的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Time-dependent accumulation of biogenic amines and microbial succession during dry-aging of Beef: safety implications 牛肉干老化过程中生物胺的时间依赖性积累和微生物演替：安全意义

IF 6.3 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111948

Ana J. Ribeiro , Juliana Milheiro , Fernando M. Nunes , Teresa B. de Carvalho , Joana B. Barbosa , Filipe Silva , Paula Teixeira , Cristina M. Saraiva

Dry-aging of beef under controlled temperature, humidity and airflow reshapes the surface microbiota and may influence biogenic amine (BA) accumulation. In this study, culture-based enumeration, 16 S rRNA gene profiling of combined crust + inner meat, and validated HPLC quantification of BAs were integrated to track safety- and quality-relevant changes over 60 days. Sequencing showed Pseudomonadota and Bacillota consistently >95 % of reads; communities were dominated by Pseudomonas, Brochothrix and Psychrobacter, with Acinetobacter rising at mid-aging. Alpha diversity peaked at day 35 (Shannon 1.33 → 2.12; overall P = 0.0225; day 35 vs day 1, adjusted P = 0.0069) and became heterogeneous by day 60. Culture confirmed a surface-led, aerobic succession: crust counts increased and Pseudomonas reached 5.6 log CFU/g at day 60, whereas inner-muscle counts declined across groups; pathogens were not detected. In the inner meat, cadaverine rose from non-detectable to 31 ± 37 mg/kg at day 60 P < 0.001), spermine peaked at day 35 (52 ± 14 mg/kg; P < 0.001), while histamine remained <5 mg/kg and other BAs showed no significant change. All inner-meat BAs remained below commonly cited concern ranges, though late-stage variance indicates sporadic hot spots, likely reflecting diffusion from the crust and proteolysis-enabled precursor supply. Integrating microbes and metabolites identified two ecological–metabolic tendencies linking psychrotrophic genera with polyamines or diamines. In practice, day 35 emerges as a quality “sweet spot,” whereas approaching day 60 warrants tighter surface management and targeted monitoring of pseudomonads, Enterobacteriaceae and cadaverine/putrescine.

在控制温度、湿度和气流的条件下，对牛肉进行干燥老化，会改变牛肉表面的微生物群，并可能影响生物胺（BA）的积累。在本研究中，结合基于培养的枚举，结合外壳+内肉的16s rRNA基因分析，以及经过验证的高效液相色谱定量分析，跟踪60天内与安全性和质量相关的变化。测序显示假单胞菌和芽孢杆菌在95%的reads中一致；菌群以假单胞菌、带菌杆菌和冷杆菌为主，中年时不动杆菌增多。α多样性在第35天达到峰值（Shannon 1.33→2.12；总体P = 0.0225；第35天vs第1天，调整后P = 0.0069），到第60天变成异质性。培养证实了表面主导的有氧继承：第60天外壳计数增加，假单胞菌达到5.6 log CFU/g，而各组内肌肉计数下降；未检出病原体。内肉中尸胺含量在第60天由未检测到上升至31±37 mg/kg (P < 0.001)，精胺含量在第35天达到峰值（52±14 mg/kg; P < 0.001），组胺保持在5 mg/kg，其他BAs变化不显著。所有的内肉碱基都低于通常提到的关注范围，尽管后期的差异表明零星的热点，可能反映了地壳和蛋白质水解前体供应的扩散。整合微生物和代谢物确定了两种将精神营养属与多胺或二胺联系起来的生态代谢趋势。实际上，第35天是质量的“最佳点”，而接近第60天需要更严格的表面管理和有针对性的监测假单胞菌、肠杆菌科和尸胺/腐胺。

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