Food Control最新文献

Exposure to Aflatoxins and Ochratoxin A From the Consumption of Selected Staples and Fresh Cow Milk in the Wet and Dry Seasons in Ghana.

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.110968

Abdul Hamid Nuhu, Winfred-Peck Dorleku, Beatrice Blay, Evans Derban, Clara Owusuwah McArthur, Simon Elikplim Alobuia, Araba Incoom, Derry Dontoh, Isaac Williams Ofosu, Daniel Oduro-Mensah

Across sub-Saharan Africa, the heavy reliance on mycotoxin-susceptible staple foods means that populations in the region are particularly vulnerable to chronic mycotoxin exposure. This study assessed the exposure risk to ochratoxin A (OTA) and aflatoxins (AFs) from 18 samples of selected staple foods (maize, millet, groundnut) and 56 fresh cow milk samples collected from across Ghana. The foods were sampled simultaneously to maximise comparability, and at two timepoints in March/April (during the dry season) and July/August (during the rainy season) to assess the effects of duration of storage and seasonal conditions on the mycotoxin levels as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The margin of exposure (MOE) approach was used to assess the exposure risk from consumption of the sampled foods. Each of the sampled staples was contaminated with OTA (0.19-3.11 ng/g) and at least one AF (0.75-13.05 ng/g B₁, ND-12.12 ng/g B₂, 0.1-9.95 ng/g G₁, ND-16.78 ng/g G₂). Up to 67% had contamination above European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) maximum limits, and 50% were above Ghana Standards Authority (GSA) limits. The fresh cow milk samples were contaminated with AFM1 in the range of 0.05-1.49 ng/g, with 95% above EFSA limits and 36% above GSA limits. Aflatoxin contamination in the staples was high, particularly in July/August when the wet conditions may have adversely impacted the handling and storage of farm produce. Variation in AFM₁ between the two sampling periods mirrored total aflatoxin in the staples, suggesting that even if dairy cattle were grazing in open pasture and not being rationed on stored feed, then there was a high environmental presence of aflatoxigenic fungi. The MOE estimates were ≤ 533.09, far below the safe cut-off of 10,000 for suspected carcinogenic compounds. The high mycotoxin levels indicate a priority risk to child nutrition which relies heavily on cereal mixes based on one or all the three sampled staples. The data from this study underscore the urgent need for interventions to better appreciate and address mycotoxin exposure for enhanced food security and public health in Ghana and across sub-Saharan Africa.

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引用次数: 0

A novel multimodal nano-sensor detection system based on artificial intelligence and two-dimensional Mxenes for Ochratoxin A in food

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111055

Qi Liu , Sutong Li , Zongyi Li , Caifeng Zou , Shi Feng , Juncheng Song , Jie Zhang , Xiangyang Li

Ochratoxin A (OTA), which is prone to contaminating food products, poses a significant threat to human health. To accurately detect and provide timely early warnings for OTA contamination (COTA) in food, a novel four-modal nano-biosensor detection system based on MXenes was developed in this work. MXenes is a new family of two-dimensional materials including vanadium carbide (V₂C) MXenes, which has great potential in the field of biosensing and detection due to its large specific surface area, rich surface functional groups, and good chemical stability. By in-situ chemical etching, metal ion intercalation, and synergistic physical exfoliation techniques, V₂C nano-materials (V₂C-NMS) with excellent fluorescence quenching characteristics were synthesized, and V₂C-NMS@ssDNA with excellent peroxidase like activity was constructed by functionalizing V₂C-NMS with adapter. Based on this, a fluorescence/colorimetric biosensor for OTA was constructed, and the fluorescence/colorimetric signal output by the sensor had good linear relationship with COTA, with the detection limit (LOD) as low as 6.77 pg mL⁻¹. Furthermore, a fully connected artificial neural network (FCANN) was developed based on a series of RGB values obtained from the fluorescence/colorimetric mode of the biosensor, and the fluorescence/colorimetry channel of the FCANN could accurately predict the COTA of the sample on-site or remotely in just a few seconds, with the LOD as low as 7.10 pg mL⁻¹. Importantly, the four-mode method performed well in real sample detection, with recovery rates ranging from 95.33% to 105.79%, and the detection results of the four modalities could be mutually verified.

{"title":"A novel multimodal nano-sensor detection system based on artificial intelligence and two-dimensional Mxenes for Ochratoxin A in food","authors":"Qi Liu , Sutong Li , Zongyi Li , Caifeng Zou , Shi Feng , Juncheng Song , Jie Zhang , Xiangyang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ochratoxin A (OTA), which is prone to contaminating food products, poses a significant threat to human health. To accurately detect and provide timely early warnings for OTA contamination (COTA) in food, a novel four-modal nano-biosensor detection system based on MXenes was developed in this work. MXenes is a new family of two-dimensional materials including vanadium carbide (V<sub>2</sub>C) MXenes, which has great potential in the field of biosensing and detection due to its large specific surface area, rich surface functional groups, and good chemical stability. By in-situ chemical etching, metal ion intercalation, and synergistic physical exfoliation techniques, V<sub>2</sub>C nano-materials (V<sub>2</sub>C-NMS) with excellent fluorescence quenching characteristics were synthesized, and V<sub>2</sub>C-NMS@ssDNA with excellent peroxidase like activity was constructed by functionalizing V<sub>2</sub>C-NMS with adapter. Based on this, a fluorescence/colorimetric biosensor for OTA was constructed, and the fluorescence/colorimetric signal output by the sensor had good linear relationship with COTA, with the detection limit (LOD) as low as 6.77 pg mL<sup>−1</sup>. Furthermore, a fully connected artificial neural network (FCANN) was developed based on a series of RGB values obtained from the fluorescence/colorimetric mode of the biosensor, and the fluorescence/colorimetry channel of the FCANN could accurately predict the COTA of the sample on-site or remotely in just a few seconds, with the LOD as low as 7.10 pg mL<sup>−1</sup>. Importantly, the four-mode method performed well in real sample detection, with recovery rates ranging from 95.33% to 105.79%, and the detection results of the four modalities could be mutually verified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"170 ","pages":"Article 111055"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Switching off-on colorimetric sensor for rapid and selective detection of histamine in aquatic products based on Cu2+-mediated laccase-mimic activity of Mn3O4 nanoparticles

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111056

Zhen Wu , Yi Wei , Yue Tang , Lian Xia , Xiaojuan Niu , Yuangen Wu

Food poisoning caused by excessive intake of histamine is a significant public health concern. Traditional analytical methods struggle to meet the demands for on-site monitoring of histamine in food. Colorimetry based on nanozyme catalysis can be applied to rapidly detect histamine, but some challenges remain in the specific response of nanozymes to histamine. Herein, a novel “off-on” colorimetric sensor was first established for histamine detection based on Cu²⁺-mediated laccase-mimic activity of flower-like Mn₃O₄ nanoparticles (Mnf). This work proved that Cu²⁺ can inhibit the laccase-mimic activity by hindering the electron transfer between Mnf and 2,4-DP molecules. Once histamine was present in the system, Cu²⁺ was first consumed due to the coordination with histamine, resulting in the recovery of laccase-mimic activity of Mnf. The color of sensing solution can be converted to the corresponding RGB value by a smartphone for on-site detection of histamine in food. The colorimetric sensor has a limit of detection as low as 0.148 μg mL⁻¹, which is comparable to that of most colorimetric methods. Moreover, the colorimetric sensor exhibits high selectivity, and has considerable applicability for histamine detection in aquatic products.

{"title":"Switching off-on colorimetric sensor for rapid and selective detection of histamine in aquatic products based on Cu2+-mediated laccase-mimic activity of Mn3O4 nanoparticles","authors":"Zhen Wu , Yi Wei , Yue Tang , Lian Xia , Xiaojuan Niu , Yuangen Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food poisoning caused by excessive intake of histamine is a significant public health concern. Traditional analytical methods struggle to meet the demands for on-site monitoring of histamine in food. Colorimetry based on nanozyme catalysis can be applied to rapidly detect histamine, but some challenges remain in the specific response of nanozymes to histamine. Herein, a novel “off-on” colorimetric sensor was first established for histamine detection based on Cu<sup>2+</sup>-mediated laccase-mimic activity of flower-like Mn<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles (<strong>Mnf</strong>). This work proved that Cu<sup>2+</sup> can inhibit the laccase-mimic activity by hindering the electron transfer between <strong>Mnf</strong> and 2,4-DP molecules. Once histamine was present in the system, Cu<sup>2+</sup> was first consumed due to the coordination with histamine, resulting in the recovery of laccase-mimic activity of <strong>Mnf</strong>. The color of sensing solution can be converted to the corresponding RGB value by a smartphone for on-site detection of histamine in food. The colorimetric sensor has a limit of detection as low as 0.148 μg mL<sup>−1</sup>, which is comparable to that of most colorimetric methods. Moreover, the colorimetric sensor exhibits high selectivity, and has considerable applicability for histamine detection in aquatic products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"170 ","pages":"Article 111056"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of radio frequency energy combined with natamycin on Aspergillus niger survival and quality of dried shiitake mushroom with different moisture content

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111053

Lihui Zhang , Jialing Zhu , Shaojin Wang , Long Chen , Zihan Song , Lei Zhang , Haile Ma

Effectively controlling molds in dried shiitake mushrooms is important for food industry to maintain the product quality. To improve the edible safety of shiitake mushrooms, this study applied radio frequency (RF) energy combined with natamycin to inactivate Aspergillus niger spores, and evaluate the quality changes after the treatment. The results showed that the population of A. niger spores in shiitake mushrooms with different moisture contents (MCs) could achieve a 5-log (CFU/g) reduction after the combined treatment at different temperatures. Weibull distribution (R² = 0.978 to 1.000) provided a better fit for the inactivation kinetics of A. niger spores than Linear model (R² = 0.954 to 0.990) and Logistic one (R² = 0.953 to 0.988). Meanwhile, the three-dimensional inactivation curves were constructed based on the sample MCs, RF heating time, and holding time. In addition, the MCs of treated shiitake mushrooms decreased by 4.12%–7.66% (w.b.) after natural cooling, achieving synchronous drying. There was no significant difference in textural properties of shiitake mushrooms after the combined treatment. The changes in color, structure, rehydration ratio, and total sugar content were affected by the treatment time and temperatures. As one of the main aroma substances, the content of sulfur-containing compounds in shiitake mushrooms after treatment increased compared to that of the control samples. This study indicates that the combination of RF energy and natamycin is feasible for inactivating pathogens in shiitake mushroom and ensuring the safety of their consumption.

{"title":"Effect of radio frequency energy combined with natamycin on Aspergillus niger survival and quality of dried shiitake mushroom with different moisture content","authors":"Lihui Zhang , Jialing Zhu , Shaojin Wang , Long Chen , Zihan Song , Lei Zhang , Haile Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effectively controlling molds in dried shiitake mushrooms is important for food industry to maintain the product quality. To improve the edible safety of shiitake mushrooms, this study applied radio frequency (RF) energy combined with natamycin to inactivate <em>Aspergillus niger</em> spores, and evaluate the quality changes after the treatment. The results showed that the population of <em>A. niger</em> spores in shiitake mushrooms with different moisture contents (MCs) could achieve a 5-log (CFU/g) reduction after the combined treatment at different temperatures. Weibull distribution (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.978 to 1.000) provided a better fit for the inactivation kinetics of <em>A. niger</em> spores than Linear model (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.954 to 0.990) and Logistic one (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> = 0.953 to 0.988). Meanwhile, the three-dimensional inactivation curves were constructed based on the sample MCs, RF heating time, and holding time. In addition, the MCs of treated shiitake mushrooms decreased by 4.12%–7.66% (w.b.) after natural cooling, achieving synchronous drying. There was no significant difference in textural properties of shiitake mushrooms after the combined treatment. The changes in color, structure, rehydration ratio, and total sugar content were affected by the treatment time and temperatures. As one of the main aroma substances, the content of sulfur-containing compounds in shiitake mushrooms after treatment increased compared to that of the control samples. This study indicates that the combination of RF energy and natamycin is feasible for inactivating pathogens in shiitake mushroom and ensuring the safety of their consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"170 ","pages":"Article 111053"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applications of nanotechnology in essential oil protection to extend the shelf life of fruits and vegetables: A review 纳米技术在精油保护中的应用，延长水果和蔬菜的保质期：综述

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111044

Estefania Júlia Dierings de Souza, Camila de Oliveira Pacheco, Igor Henrique de Lima Costa, Alvaro Renato Guerra Dias, Elessandra da Rosa Zavareze

Fruits and vegetables are susceptible to spoilage caused by yeast, mold, and natural flora during harvesting, packaging, storage, and transportation, in addition to the presence of pathogens, which lead to food losses and cause diseases. Fungal proliferation is a major cause of economic losses during the marketing of fruits and vegetables. While postharvest disease control is typically done with synthetic fungicides, these can lead to fungal resistance, environmental pollution, and potential health implications. Growing consumer demand to reduce chemical use has spurred interest in natural alternatives like plant-derived essential oils, known for their bioactive, antifungal, and antibacterial properties, as well as their low toxicity, safety, and low cost. The objective of this review is to investigate the efficacy of essential oils in inhibiting the main spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms found in fruits and vegetables through in vitro and in vivo studies. This manuscript presents a bibliometric analysis on the topics of essential oil and nanotechnology, together with a review of the nanoencapsulation of essential oils in nanoemulsion, nanoliposomes, and nanomaterials and their applications in fruits and vegetables with the aim of preserving or improving their quality. Additionally, this paper discusses the challenges and perspectives in the research and development of natural fungicides derived from essential oils. Essential oils are promising for controlling microorganisms in fruits and vegetables; however, they require encapsulation to prevent degradation and allow controlled release. Nanoencapsulation enhances their bioactivity, enabling lower doses and greater stability. Edible coatings with essential oils extend shelf life, and nanotechnology offers innovative, eco-friendly solutions.

水果和蔬菜在收获、包装、贮藏和运输过程中容易受到酵母菌、霉菌和自然菌群的影响而变质，此外，病原体的存在也会导致食品损失并引发疾病。真菌扩散是水果和蔬菜销售过程中造成经济损失的主要原因。虽然采后病害控制通常使用合成杀真菌剂，但这些杀真菌剂会导致真菌产生抗药性、环境污染和潜在的健康影响。消费者对减少化学品使用的需求日益增长，这激发了人们对植物精油等天然替代品的兴趣，植物精油以其生物活性、抗真菌和抗菌特性以及低毒性、安全性和低成本而著称。本综述旨在通过体外和体内研究，探讨精油在抑制水果和蔬菜中主要腐败微生物和病原微生物方面的功效。本手稿对精油和纳米技术主题进行了文献计量学分析，并综述了精油在纳米乳液、纳米脂质体和纳米材料中的纳米封装及其在水果和蔬菜中的应用，目的是保存或改善水果和蔬菜的质量。此外，本文还讨论了研究和开发从精油中提取的天然杀菌剂所面临的挑战和前景。精油在控制水果和蔬菜中的微生物方面大有可为；然而，它们需要封装以防止降解并实现控制释放。纳米封装技术可增强精油的生物活性，降低剂量，提高稳定性。含有精油的食用涂层可延长保质期，而纳米技术则提供了创新、环保的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

A risk-based approach to meat inspection: How European official veterinarians perceive their work and training 基于风险的肉类检查方法：欧洲官方兽医如何看待他们的工作和培训

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111050

Eduarda Gomes-Neves , Margarida Fonseca Cardoso

Official veterinarians (OVs) are responsible for carrying out official controls to ensure the safety of food of animal origin. This study aims to evaluate the perceptions of OVs regarding their employment and training, and their confidence in work development procedures such as visual inspection and risk-based meat inspection.

OVs working in 29 European countries completed an anonymous questionnaire including demographic data, qualification data, work experience, daily work, employment situation, and training. Multilevel logistic models examined the relationships of socio-demographic characteristics, qualifications, daily work and employment situation with the perception of not confident or unsatisfied.

The proportion of OVs not confident in visual inspection and not confident in resources to support risk-based meat inspection, was around 20% and 30% respectively. Having a national specialisation and being in the 36–45 age group were associated with not being confident with visual inspection results compared to traditional meat inspection, while having a PhD and spending full time on OV tasks was associated with not being confident with risk-based meat inspection. The proportion of OVs dissatisfied with employment or with training was less than 20%. Those holding an MSc were more likely to be dissatisfied with their employment than those with a DVM. Dissatisfaction regarding training was not associated with any of the variables.

OVs across Europe seem unanimous in their perceptions of their employment and training, but the perceptions about the difficulties in their day-to-day work (e.g. visual inspection and risk-based meat inspection) were associated positively with higher qualifications and working full-time.

官方兽医（OVs）负责执行官方控制，以确保动物源性食品的安全。在 29 个欧洲国家工作的官方兽医填写了一份匿名问卷，内容包括人口统计学数据、资格数据、工作经验、日常工作、就业状况和培训。多层次逻辑模型检验了社会人口特征、资格、日常工作和就业状况与不自信或不满意感之间的关系。对肉眼检查不自信和对支持基于风险的肉类检查的资源不自信的监督员比例分别约为 20% 和 30%。与传统肉类检验相比，拥有国家专业和年龄在 36-45 岁之间与对肉类目视检验结果没有信心有关，而拥有博士学位和全职从事监督员工作与对基于风险的肉类检验没有信心有关。对就业或培训不满意的监督员比例低于 20%。与拥有兽医硕士学位的人员相比，拥有理学硕士学位的人员更有可能对自己的工作不满意。欧洲各地的官方兽医似乎对其就业和培训的看法一致，但对其日常工作（如目测检查和基于风险的肉类检查）的困难的看法与高学历和全职工作呈正相关。

{"title":"A risk-based approach to meat inspection: How European official veterinarians perceive their work and training","authors":"Eduarda Gomes-Neves , Margarida Fonseca Cardoso","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Official veterinarians (OVs) are responsible for carrying out official controls to ensure the safety of food of animal origin. This study aims to evaluate the perceptions of OVs regarding their employment and training, and their confidence in work development procedures such as visual inspection and risk-based meat inspection.</div><div>OVs working in 29 European countries completed an anonymous questionnaire including demographic data, qualification data, work experience, daily work, employment situation, and training. Multilevel logistic models examined the relationships of socio-demographic characteristics, qualifications, daily work and employment situation with the perception of not confident or unsatisfied.</div><div>The proportion of OVs not confident in visual inspection and not confident in resources to support risk-based meat inspection, was around 20% and 30% respectively. Having a national specialisation and being in the 36–45 age group were associated with not being confident with visual inspection results compared to traditional meat inspection, while having a PhD and spending full time on OV tasks was associated with not being confident with risk-based meat inspection. The proportion of OVs dissatisfied with employment or with training was less than 20%. Those holding an MSc were more likely to be dissatisfied with their employment than those with a DVM. Dissatisfaction regarding training was not associated with any of the variables.</div><div>OVs across Europe seem unanimous in their perceptions of their employment and training, but the perceptions about the difficulties in their day-to-day work (e.g. visual inspection and risk-based meat inspection) were associated positively with higher qualifications and working full-time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"170 ","pages":"Article 111050"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of highly sensitive one-pot ERA-CRISPR assays for on-site detection of CaMV35S promoter and NOS terminator in genetically modified crops

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111049

Qianqian Liang , Xiaohui Wang , Qingqing Xie , Shaozhen Cha , Jiawen Lei , Guojun Cheng , Guanghui Yu , Yuhua Wu , Li Zhang

The integration of nucleic acid isothermal amplification with CRISPR/Cas12a detection technologies has significantly advanced molecular diagnostics. However, the challenge of integrating both assays into a one-pot reaction to reduce operational complexity and the risk of aerosol contamination has persisted. In this study, we developed a one-pot assay that combines these two powerful tools to improve the detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Targeting the widely used Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S promoter (P-CaMV 35S) and the nopaline synthase terminator (T-NOS) from Agrobacterium tumefaciens in genetically modified (GM) crops, we employed a definitive screening design (DSD) approach to optimize the balance between ERA amplification and Cas12a activity. This optimization was achieved by enhancing ERA amplification and precisely adjusting the concentrations of Cas12a and other reaction components, resulting in an efficient and streamlined process. The optimized one-pot ERA-CRISPR/Cas12a system achieved a detection sensitivity of 10 copies per reaction for both P-CaMV 35S and T-NOS within 40 min at 40 °C, and was capable of detecting GMO content as low as 0.1% in spiked samples. Moreover, with minimal equipment requirements, such as an LED blue light and a smartphone for result interpretation, this method is highly user-friendly. Combining rapid detection, high specificity, and operational simplicity, this system represents a significant advancement in supporting GMO regulation and global trade, and serves as a promising model for the development of future nucleic acid-based assays.

{"title":"Development of highly sensitive one-pot ERA-CRISPR assays for on-site detection of CaMV35S promoter and NOS terminator in genetically modified crops","authors":"Qianqian Liang , Xiaohui Wang , Qingqing Xie , Shaozhen Cha , Jiawen Lei , Guojun Cheng , Guanghui Yu , Yuhua Wu , Li Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of nucleic acid isothermal amplification with CRISPR/Cas12a detection technologies has significantly advanced molecular diagnostics. However, the challenge of integrating both assays into a one-pot reaction to reduce operational complexity and the risk of aerosol contamination has persisted. In this study, we developed a one-pot assay that combines these two powerful tools to improve the detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Targeting the widely used <em>Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S</em> promoter (P<em>-CaMV 35S</em>) and the <em>nopaline synthase terminator</em> (T<em>-NOS</em>) from <em>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</em> in genetically modified (GM) crops, we employed a definitive screening design (DSD) approach to optimize the balance between ERA amplification and Cas12a activity. This optimization was achieved by enhancing ERA amplification and precisely adjusting the concentrations of Cas12a and other reaction components, resulting in an efficient and streamlined process. The optimized one-pot ERA-CRISPR/Cas12a system achieved a detection sensitivity of 10 copies per reaction for both P<em>-CaMV 35S</em> and T<em>-NOS</em> within 40 min at 40 °C, and was capable of detecting GMO content as low as 0.1% in spiked samples. Moreover, with minimal equipment requirements, such as an LED blue light and a smartphone for result interpretation, this method is highly user-friendly. Combining rapid detection, high specificity, and operational simplicity, this system represents a significant advancement in supporting GMO regulation and global trade, and serves as a promising model for the development of future nucleic acid-based assays.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"170 ","pages":"Article 111049"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Regulated and emerging mycotoxins occurrence in plant-based beverages from the Italian market

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111051

Raquel Torrijos , Octavian Augustin Mihalache , Chiara Dall’Asta

This study aimed to optimize a salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) procedure combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of 19 mycotoxins in plant-based beverages. The targeted mycotoxins were aflatoxins (AFB₁, AFB₂, AFG₁, AFG₂), alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), tentoxin (TEN), fumonisins (FB₁ and FB₂), HT-2/T-2, ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON), enniatins (ENNB, ENNB₁, ENNA, ENNA₁), and beauvericin (BEA). Satisfactory performance characteristics were obtained, with recoveries values > 70% and precision with RSD <20%. The methodology developed was applied to 96 commercial samples from Italy. All the samples analyzed contained at least one mycotoxin, and a particular incidence of non-regulated mycotoxins, mainly enniatins, BEA, and Alternaria toxins, was evidenced in all plant-based beverages. The contamination level ranged from 0.02 μg L⁻¹ for BEA to 4.61 μg L⁻¹ for DON. Overall, the present study contributes to providing comprehensive occurrence mycotoxin data in plant-based beverages, which is necessary for further evaluation of exposure and risk characterization.

{"title":"Regulated and emerging mycotoxins occurrence in plant-based beverages from the Italian market","authors":"Raquel Torrijos , Octavian Augustin Mihalache , Chiara Dall’Asta","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to optimize a salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) procedure combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of 19 mycotoxins in plant-based beverages. The targeted mycotoxins were aflatoxins (AFB<sub>1</sub>, AFB<sub>2</sub>, AFG<sub>1</sub>, AFG<sub>2</sub>), alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), tentoxin (TEN), fumonisins (FB<sub>1</sub> and FB<sub>2</sub>), HT-2/T-2, ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEN), deoxynivalenol (DON), enniatins (ENNB, ENNB<sub>1</sub>, ENNA, ENNA<sub>1</sub>), and beauvericin (BEA). Satisfactory performance characteristics were obtained, with recoveries values > 70% and precision with RSD <20%. The methodology developed was applied to 96 commercial samples from Italy. All the samples analyzed contained at least one mycotoxin, and a particular incidence of non-regulated mycotoxins, mainly enniatins, BEA, and <em>Alternaria</em> toxins, was evidenced in all plant-based beverages. The contamination level ranged from 0.02 μg L<sup>−1</sup> for BEA to 4.61 μg L<sup>−1</sup> for DON. Overall, the present study contributes to providing comprehensive occurrence mycotoxin data in plant-based beverages, which is necessary for further evaluation of exposure and risk characterization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"170 ","pages":"Article 111051"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of conventional, agroecological, and hydroponic farming methods on the microbiological quality, isotopic and mineral composition of arugula (Eruca sativa). 传统、生态农业和水培耕作方法对芝麻菜（Eruca sativa）微生物质量、同位素和矿物质组成的影响。

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111046

Julieta Griboff , Sofía A. Díaz Iriso , Martín G. Theumer , Daniel A. Wunderlin , Magdalena V. Monferran , Verónica S. Mary

The safety and nutritional quality of leafy vegetables are influenced by various cultivation practices; however, data comparing agroecological, conventional, and hydroponic systems remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate differences in Eruca sativa (arugula) grown under these systems, focusing on microbiological quality, levels of inorganic elements, and potential health implications of consumption. Additionally, it explores whether combining these parameters with δ¹⁵N analysis can effectively distinguish between arugula from different farming systems. Microbiological analysis revealed superior quality of hydroponic arugula, as fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella spp. were not detected in any sample. Diverse essential and toxic elements were found in arugula, with Cd, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Sr present in higher concentrations in conventional and agroecological samples. Conversely, hydroponic arugula presented higher concentrations of Mg (3487 ± 1250 μg g^-1 d.w.) and Zn (56.6 ± 30.1 μg g^-1 d.w.). Health risk assessments indicate that consuming conventional, agroecological, or hydroponic arugula does not pose health risks for adults. δ¹⁵N displayed similar values for conventional (8.1 ± 3.1 ‰) and agroecological systems (9.6 ± 2.9 ‰), with hydroponic arugula showing the lowest values (4.8 ± 2.7 ‰). Linear Discriminant Analysis classified arugula samples with high accuracy, particularly for hydroponic arugula (100%). These findings highlight the influence of cultivation systems on arugula's safety and quality, emphasizing the benefits of hydroponic farming for minimizing pathogen and metal contamination in leafy vegetables. Additionally, δ¹⁵N combined with multi-elemental and microbiological analyses enable a clear differentiation between hydroponic arugula and either conventional or agroecological samples.

叶菜的安全性和营养质量受到各种栽培方法的影响；然而，比较生态农业、传统栽培和水培系统的数据仍然有限。本研究旨在评估在这些系统下种植的芝麻菜（Eruca sativa）的差异，重点关注微生物质量、无机元素水平以及食用对健康的潜在影响。此外，该研究还探讨了将这些参数与 δ15N 分析相结合是否能有效区分来自不同种植系统的芝麻菜。微生物分析表明，水培芝麻菜质量上乘，在任何样本中都未检测到粪大肠菌群、大肠埃希氏菌和沙门氏菌。在芝麻菜中发现了多种必需元素和有毒元素，在传统样本和生态农业样本中，镉、铁、锰、镍、铅和硒的含量较高。相反，水培芝麻菜的镁含量（3487 ± 1250 μg g-1 d.w.）和锌含量（56.6 ± 30.1 μg g-1 d.w.）较高。健康风险评估表明，食用传统、生态农业或水培芝麻菜不会对成年人的健康造成风险。传统系统（8.1 ± 3.1 ‰）和生态农业系统（9.6 ± 2.9 ‰）的δ15N 值相似，水培芝麻菜的δ15N 值最低（4.8 ± 2.7 ‰）。线性判别分析法对芝麻菜样本进行分类的准确率很高，尤其是水培芝麻菜（100%）。这些发现凸显了栽培系统对芝麻菜安全和质量的影响，强调了水培栽培对最大限度减少叶菜中病原体和金属污染的益处。此外，δ15N 与多元素和微生物分析相结合，可以明确区分水培芝麻菜与传统或生态农业样本。

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引用次数: 0

Quality effects of sodium alginate coating cross-linked with CaCl2 on Mugil liza fillets during storage 用 CaCl2 交联的海藻酸钠涂层在贮藏期间对鲻鱼鱼片质量的影响

IF 5.6 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Control

Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111048

Márcio Vargas-Ramella , Débora da Silva , Guilherme Dilarri , Antonella Valentina Lazzari Zortea , Carolina Rosai Mendes , Gabriel de Souza Laurentino , Paulo Cezar Bastianello Campagnol , Aline Fernandes de Oliveira , Cristian Berto da Silveira

The global food preservation strategy involves plastic packaging, but these materials resist to degradation, raising environmental concerns. A promising alternative to solve this problem is using biopolymers as edible coatings. Bearing this in mind, the present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a sodium alginate edible coating cross-linked with CaCl₂ (AGC) on lebranche mullet (Mugil liza) fillets' quality. Fillets (∼130 g) were purchased from a local fisherman in Laguna, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Then, samples were transported on ice to the laboratory for analysis (day 1 of the experiment). Our study compared AGC treatment to fillets without edible coatings (vacuum-packed in plastic bags) and to those treated with sodium alginate alone (with and without vacuum-packed in plastic bags) over 12 days of refrigerated storage (4 °C). In addition, the edible films were characterized by their morphological properties (Scanning Electron Microscope – SEM and Moisture content). The AGC treatment improved the films with a more homogeneous surface (SEM micrographs) and decreased (p < 0.05) the moisture content of the films in 44%. Considering the fillets parameters, AGC coating promoted during experiment lower (p < 0.05) values of total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) (13.48 mg/100g; day 12), mesophilic bacteria (4.51 CFU/g; day 9), Enterococcus spp. (4.92 CFU/g; day 12), and Escherichia coli (4.02 CFU/g; day 12). Our findings suggest that cross-linked coats may enhance the efficacy of the coating in controlling microbial counts and TVB-N. Nevertheless, AGC treatment increased lipid oxidation (12.58 mg MDA eq/kg sample) in the fillets. Therefore, further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms of lipid oxidation when using this formulation and explore ways, such as including natural antioxidants in the coatings, to reduce the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) during storage.

全球食品保鲜战略涉及塑料包装，但这些材料不易降解，引发了环境问题。使用生物聚合物作为可食用涂层是解决这一问题的一个有前途的替代方案。有鉴于此，本研究旨在评估与 CaCl2 交联的海藻酸钠食用涂层（AGC）对鲻鱼片质量的可行性。鱼片（130 克）购自巴西圣卡塔琳娜州拉古纳的当地渔民。然后，用冰块将样品运送到实验室进行分析（实验第一天）。在 12 天的冷藏储存（4 °C）期间，我们的研究将 AGC 处理与无可食用涂层的鱼片（真空包装在塑料袋中）和仅用海藻酸钠处理的鱼片（真空包装在塑料袋中和未真空包装）进行了比较。此外，还对可食用薄膜的形态特性（扫描电子显微镜 - SEM 和水分含量）进行了表征。经 AGC 处理的鱼片表面更均匀（扫描电子显微镜显微照片），水分含量降低了 44% (p < 0.05)。考虑到鱼片的参数，AGC涂层在实验期间促进了总挥发性碱氮（TVB-N）（13.48 mg/100g；第12天）、嗜中性细菌（4.51 CFU/g；第9天）、肠球菌属（4.92 CFU/g；第12天）和大肠杆菌（4.02 CFU/g；第12天）值的降低（p < 0.05）。我们的研究结果表明，交联涂层可提高涂层在控制微生物数量和 TVB-N 方面的功效。然而，AGC 处理增加了鱼片的脂质氧化（12.58 毫克 MDA 当量/千克样品）。因此，还需要进一步研究，以澄清使用这种配方时脂质氧化的机制，并探索各种方法，例如在涂层中加入天然抗氧化剂，以减少储存期间的硫代巴比妥酸活性物质（TBARS）。

{"title":"Quality effects of sodium alginate coating cross-linked with CaCl2 on Mugil liza fillets during storage","authors":"Márcio Vargas-Ramella , Débora da Silva , Guilherme Dilarri , Antonella Valentina Lazzari Zortea , Carolina Rosai Mendes , Gabriel de Souza Laurentino , Paulo Cezar Bastianello Campagnol , Aline Fernandes de Oliveira , Cristian Berto da Silveira","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global food preservation strategy involves plastic packaging, but these materials resist to degradation, raising environmental concerns. A promising alternative to solve this problem is using biopolymers as edible coatings. Bearing this in mind, the present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a sodium alginate edible coating cross-linked with CaCl<sub>2</sub> (AGC) on lebranche mullet (<em>Mugil liza</em>) fillets' quality. Fillets (∼130 g) were purchased from a local fisherman in Laguna, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Then, samples were transported on ice to the laboratory for analysis (day 1 of the experiment). Our study compared AGC treatment to fillets without edible coatings (vacuum-packed in plastic bags) and to those treated with sodium alginate alone (with and without vacuum-packed in plastic bags) over 12 days of refrigerated storage (4 °C). In addition, the edible films were characterized by their morphological properties (Scanning Electron Microscope – SEM and Moisture content). The AGC treatment improved the films with a more homogeneous surface (SEM micrographs) and decreased (<em>p</em> < 0.05) the moisture content of the films in 44%. Considering the fillets parameters, AGC coating promoted during experiment lower (<em>p</em> < 0.05) values of total volatile base nitrogen (TVB-N) (13.48 mg/100g; day 12), mesophilic bacteria (4.51 CFU/g; day 9), <em>Enterococcus</em> spp. (4.92 CFU/g; day 12), and <em>Escherichia coli</em> (4.02 CFU/g; day 12). Our findings suggest that cross-linked coats may enhance the efficacy of the coating in controlling microbial counts and TVB-N. Nevertheless, AGC treatment increased lipid oxidation (12.58 mg MDA eq/kg sample) in the fillets. Therefore, further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms of lipid oxidation when using this formulation and explore ways, such as including natural antioxidants in the coatings, to reduce the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) during storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"170 ","pages":"Article 111048"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0