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Influence of synthesis temperature on the active performance of doped‑carbon dots embedded in polyvinyl alcohol and their potential for active food packaging

IF 7 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Research International

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115999

Pornchanok Thanawutthiphong , Thitiporn Kaewpetch , Wanwitoo Wanmolee , Seonghyuk Ko , Nattinee Bumbudsanpharoke

This study explores how synthesis temperature influences the properties and functionalities of sulfur‑nitrogen doped carbon dots (S,N-doped CDs) derived from citric acid and cysteine. The focus lies on their potential in bionanocomposite films for active packaging. Bionanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating CDs synthesized at different temperatures (160, 180, and 200 °C) into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) matrix. CD160 displayed a crystalline structure below 10 nm and demonstrated the strongest antifungal and antibacterial activity, as evidenced by the largest clear zones. This superior performance is presumably due to their high N and S content, as shown by the larger redshift in their photoluminescence spectra upon longer wavelength excitation and elemental analysis. CD180 lacked well-defined lattice fringes, indicating an amorphous structure with larger cluster sizes ranging from 10 to 100 nm. Interestingly, UV-blocking and antibacterial efficacy of both films remained high (over 95% UVA block and 5 log₁₀ CFU/mL reduction in bacteria) regardless of CD crystallinity and size. However, the PVOH-CD180 film exhibited more photoluminescence, most likely due to larger defect-related emission centers. In contrast, CD200 had the weakest antifungal and antibacterial activity. While the PVOH-CD200 film achieved a 5 log₁₀ CFU/mL reduction in Gram-positive bacteria, it only managed a 4 log₁₀ CFU/mL reduction in Gram-negative bacteria under contact conditions at 37 °C for 24 h. In addition, the PVOH-CD200 film had the highest antioxidant activity, 88% DPPH radical scavenging, whereas the others had 80%. These findings underscore the critical role of synthesis temperature in tailoring S,N-doped CDs for specific applications within active packaging, where the desired properties dictate the optimal temperature. Preliminary studies suggest that PVOH-CD films have the potential to extend the shelf-life of sweet bread, demonstrating their promise as bionanocomposite active food packaging materials.

{"title":"Influence of synthesis temperature on the active performance of doped‑carbon dots embedded in polyvinyl alcohol and their potential for active food packaging","authors":"Pornchanok Thanawutthiphong , Thitiporn Kaewpetch , Wanwitoo Wanmolee , Seonghyuk Ko , Nattinee Bumbudsanpharoke","doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores how synthesis temperature influences the properties and functionalities of sulfur‑nitrogen doped carbon dots (S,N-doped CDs) derived from citric acid and cysteine. The focus lies on their potential in bionanocomposite films for active packaging. Bionanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating CDs synthesized at different temperatures (160, 180, and 200 °C) into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) matrix. CD160 displayed a crystalline structure below 10 nm and demonstrated the strongest antifungal and antibacterial activity, as evidenced by the largest clear zones. This superior performance is presumably due to their high N and S content, as shown by the larger redshift in their photoluminescence spectra upon longer wavelength excitation and elemental analysis. CD180 lacked well-defined lattice fringes, indicating an amorphous structure with larger cluster sizes ranging from 10 to 100 nm. Interestingly, UV-blocking and antibacterial efficacy of both films remained high (over 95% UVA block and 5 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/mL reduction in bacteria) regardless of CD crystallinity and size. However, the PVOH-CD180 film exhibited more photoluminescence, most likely due to larger defect-related emission centers. In contrast, CD200 had the weakest antifungal and antibacterial activity. While the PVOH-CD200 film achieved a 5 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/mL reduction in Gram-positive bacteria, it only managed a 4 log<sub>10</sub> CFU/mL reduction in Gram-negative bacteria under contact conditions at 37 °C for 24 h. In addition, the PVOH-CD200 film had the highest antioxidant activity, 88% DPPH radical scavenging, whereas the others had 80%. These findings underscore the critical role of synthesis temperature in tailoring S,N-doped CDs for specific applications within active packaging, where the desired properties dictate the optimal temperature. Preliminary studies suggest that PVOH-CD films have the potential to extend the shelf-life of sweet bread, demonstrating their promise as bionanocomposite active food packaging materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":323,"journal":{"name":"Food Research International","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 115999"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Foxtail millet prolamin-pectin nanoparticles enhanced the stability and bioavailability of β-sitosterol

IF 7 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Research International

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115998

Yue Li , Yongxia Liu , Jiawei Qiao , Bao Xing , Junyan Yun , Jiahui Niu , Muwen Chen , Pu Yang , Shaojie Zhao , Lizhen Zhang

Herein, β-sitosterol-loaded foxtail millet prolamin (FMP)-pectin composite nanoparticles (FSNs) were successfully produced using an antisolvent precipitation method to encapsulate β-sitosterol and improve its bioaccessibility. Results indicated that the nanoparticles prepared at a FMP-to-pectin mass ratio of 10:2 not only showed lower particle size (401.7 ± 14.7 nm, p < 0.05) and higher net zeta potential (−33.3 ± 6.1 mV, p < 0.05) but also exhibited higher encapsulation efficiency (81.5 % ± 0.3 %, p < 0.05). FSNs successfully encapsulated β-sitosterol through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. β-sitosterol changed from a crystalline to an amorphous state. Meanwhile, FMP-pectin composite nanoparticles (FNs) and FSNs displayed similar irregular lamellar structures and exhibited excellent physical stability at different environments (pH > 4, salt ions <100 mM, different temperatures and storage at 4 °C). The simulated digestion result showed that FSNs could target the release of β-sitosterol at the intestinal stage with a release rate of 72.23 ± 1.19 % (p < 0.05). Moreover, the bioaccessibility of β-sitosterol in FSNs significantly increased by about 68.58 ± 2.39 % (p < 0.05) compared with free β-sitosterol. Nonetheless, this study provided a novel β-sitosterol delivery system based on FMP-pectin complexes with a broad prospect in the processing of food, pharmaceuticals and nutrition.

{"title":"Foxtail millet prolamin-pectin nanoparticles enhanced the stability and bioavailability of β-sitosterol","authors":"Yue Li , Yongxia Liu , Jiawei Qiao , Bao Xing , Junyan Yun , Jiahui Niu , Muwen Chen , Pu Yang , Shaojie Zhao , Lizhen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, β-sitosterol-loaded foxtail millet prolamin (FMP)-pectin composite nanoparticles (FSNs) were successfully produced using an antisolvent precipitation method to encapsulate β-sitosterol and improve its bioaccessibility. Results indicated that the nanoparticles prepared at a FMP-to-pectin mass ratio of 10:2 not only showed lower particle size (401.7 ± 14.7 nm, <em>p < 0.05</em>) and higher net zeta potential (−33.3 ± 6.1 mV, <em>p < 0.05</em>) but also exhibited higher encapsulation efficiency (81.5 % ± 0.3 %, <em>p < 0.05</em>). FSNs successfully encapsulated β-sitosterol through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. β-sitosterol changed from a crystalline to an amorphous state. Meanwhile, FMP-pectin composite nanoparticles (FNs) and FSNs displayed similar irregular lamellar structures and exhibited excellent physical stability at different environments (pH > 4, salt ions <100 mM, different temperatures and storage at 4 °C). The simulated digestion result showed that FSNs could target the release of β-sitosterol at the intestinal stage with a release rate of 72.23 ± 1.19 % <em>(p < 0.05)</em>. Moreover, the bioaccessibility of β-sitosterol in FSNs significantly increased by about 68.58 ± 2.39 % <em>(p < 0.05)</em> compared with free β-sitosterol. Nonetheless, this study provided a novel β-sitosterol delivery system based on FMP-pectin complexes with a broad prospect in the processing of food, pharmaceuticals and nutrition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":323,"journal":{"name":"Food Research International","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 115998"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Volatile profile of postharvest hardy kiwifruits treated with chitosan-silica nanocomposite coatings 经壳聚糖-二氧化硅纳米复合涂层处理的采后耐寒猕猴桃的挥发性概况

IF 7 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Research International

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115981

Mengyuan Cao , Chengkui Qiao , Lijun Han , Ming Zhuang , Shiyu Wang , Rongli Pang , Linlin Guo , Mingqin Yang , Momo Gui

Chitosan (CTS) is a natural polysaccharide derived from the deacetylation of chitin. Chitosan-based coatings are widely used for the preservation of hardy kiwifruits. However, the effect of chitosan-based coating on fruit flavor during ripening is rarely reported. In this study, the postharvest qualities of hardy kiwifruits were investigated using chitosan coating and chitosan-silica nanoparticle coating (CTS-SiNPs) during storage at 25°C and 4°C. Physicochemical analyses showed that chitosan coating extended the shelf-life by delaying ripening and maintaining higher quality than uncoated fruits, and CTS-SiNPs treatment showed a superior preservation effect compared to CTS treatment. Untargeted metabolomics analysis based on HS-SPME-GC–MS was used to comprehensively evaluate the volatile profiles of hardy kiwifruits during postharvest storage. The metabolomics analysis showed that two chitosan coating treatments greatly delayed the accumulation of most volatiles while delaying the ripening process, and the differential volatiles were mostly involved in the terpenoids biosynthesis pathway. Notably, most green leaf volatiles (C₆/C₉ aldehydes, esters and alcohols) and methyl salicylate were up-regulated in the CTS-SiNPs coating groups. In addition, odor activity value (OAV) was used to characterize the key aroma-active compounds and odor profiles. A total of 32 compounds were identified as key aroma-active compounds (OAV ≥ 1) in hardy kiwifruits. The odor profile evaluation showed that the CTS-SiNPs coating treatment enhanced the intensity of the “herbal” odor, while reducing the intensity of “sweet” and “floral” odors in hardy kiwifruits at the eating-ripe stage.

{"title":"Volatile profile of postharvest hardy kiwifruits treated with chitosan-silica nanocomposite coatings","authors":"Mengyuan Cao , Chengkui Qiao , Lijun Han , Ming Zhuang , Shiyu Wang , Rongli Pang , Linlin Guo , Mingqin Yang , Momo Gui","doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chitosan (CTS) is a natural polysaccharide derived from the deacetylation of chitin. Chitosan-based coatings are widely used for the preservation of hardy kiwifruits. However, the effect of chitosan-based coating on fruit flavor during ripening is rarely reported. In this study, the postharvest qualities of hardy kiwifruits were investigated using chitosan coating and chitosan-silica nanoparticle coating (CTS-SiNPs) during storage at 25°C and 4°C. Physicochemical analyses showed that chitosan coating extended the shelf-life by delaying ripening and maintaining higher quality than uncoated fruits, and CTS-SiNPs treatment showed a superior preservation effect compared to CTS treatment. Untargeted metabolomics analysis based on HS-SPME-GC–MS was used to comprehensively evaluate the volatile profiles of hardy kiwifruits during postharvest storage. The metabolomics analysis showed that two chitosan coating treatments greatly delayed the accumulation of most volatiles while delaying the ripening process, and the differential volatiles were mostly involved in the terpenoids biosynthesis pathway. Notably, most green leaf volatiles (C<sub>6</sub>/C<sub>9</sub> aldehydes, esters and alcohols) and methyl salicylate were up-regulated in the CTS-SiNPs coating groups. In addition, odor activity value (OAV) was used to characterize the key aroma-active compounds and odor profiles. A total of 32 compounds were identified as key aroma-active compounds (OAV ≥ 1) in hardy kiwifruits. The odor profile evaluation showed that the CTS-SiNPs coating treatment enhanced the intensity of the “herbal” odor, while reducing the intensity of “sweet” and “floral” odors in hardy kiwifruits at the eating-ripe stage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":323,"journal":{"name":"Food Research International","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 115981"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced prediction of total purine content in hyperspectral images of diverse livestock meat samples using optimization algorithm

IF 7 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Research International

Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116000

Sijia Liu , Jiarui Cui , Yu Lv , Songlei Wang

This research looks at rapid detection and algorithm optimization of total purine in livestock meat with the goal of supporting the creation of low-purine diets. First, the prediction models for total purine content of single species were constructed based on chemical and hyperspectral data. Next, the correlation of spectral curves between different species by Hausdorff distance and Pearson correlation coefficient were analyzed to explore differential purine variation in mixed livestock meat. Finally, the optimal prediction models of total purines in mixed livestock meat were obtained, which were the interval-variable-iterative-spatial-contraction-method-sparrow-search-algorithm–bidirectional-long-short-term-memory-mmulti-head-attention (SSA-Bi-LSTM-MHA) in visible near-infrared hyperspectral imaging technology (Vis-NIR HSI) and iteratively-retain-informative-variables-SSA-Bi-LSTM-MHA in NIR-HSI, respectively, with Rp² of 0.7820 and 0.7766. Totally, the conclusion that model performance of mixed samples due to increased computational complexity was lower than the ideal model of single samples was obtained and validated. This study demonstrated the potential of HSI for rapid detection of purine content, which further promoted the industrialization of online monitoring of livestock meat quality.

{"title":"Enhanced prediction of total purine content in hyperspectral images of diverse livestock meat samples using optimization algorithm","authors":"Sijia Liu , Jiarui Cui , Yu Lv , Songlei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research looks at rapid detection and algorithm optimization of total purine in livestock meat with the goal of supporting the creation of low-purine diets. First, the prediction models for total purine content of single species were constructed based on chemical and hyperspectral data. Next, the correlation of spectral curves between different species by Hausdorff distance and Pearson correlation coefficient were analyzed to explore differential purine variation in mixed livestock meat. Finally, the optimal prediction models of total purines in mixed livestock meat were obtained, which were the interval-variable-iterative-spatial-contraction-method-sparrow-search-algorithm–bidirectional-long-short-term-memory-mmulti-head-attention (SSA-Bi-LSTM-MHA) in visible near-infrared hyperspectral imaging technology (Vis-NIR HSI) and iteratively-retain-informative-variables-SSA-Bi-LSTM-MHA in NIR-HSI, respectively, with Rp<sup>2</sup> of 0.7820 and 0.7766. Totally, the conclusion that model performance of mixed samples due to increased computational complexity was lower than the ideal model of single samples was obtained and validated. This study demonstrated the potential of HSI for rapid detection of purine content, which further promoted the industrialization of online monitoring of livestock meat quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":323,"journal":{"name":"Food Research International","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 116000"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrative transcriptomic and HS-SPME-GC-MS analysis reveals the influence mechanism of different altitude ecotypes on pulp aroma components and volatile metabolites in strawberry hybrid F1 and its parents

IF 7 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Research International

Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115952

Ruyu He , Lijuan Chen , Dong Wang , Guowei Zhang , Jia Liu , Hongwen Li

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is an important horticultural crop and is highly nutritious and valuable. However, several molecular mechanisms on the biosynthesis and metabolism of aroma compounds and the regulatory network that governs aromas remain unknown. This study investigated the influence of different altitude ecotypes on the components of pulp aroma and volatile metabolites in strawberry hybrid F₁ and its parents. “Perilla alcohol” was found to be the major factor that regulated the aroma of strawberry pulp from plants at low altitudes, and “perilla alcohol, linalool, alpha-farnesene and E-2-hexenyl benzoate” were the major factors that regulated the aroma of strawberry pulp from plants at high altitudes. Furthermore, three key candidate genes were identified according to the criteria of |K.i| > 40 and |MM| > 0.90. This study will establish a theoretical foundation for the cultivation of novel varieties of strawberries characterized by superior quality and flavor.

{"title":"Integrative transcriptomic and HS-SPME-GC-MS analysis reveals the influence mechanism of different altitude ecotypes on pulp aroma components and volatile metabolites in strawberry hybrid F1 and its parents","authors":"Ruyu He , Lijuan Chen , Dong Wang , Guowei Zhang , Jia Liu , Hongwen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strawberry (<em>Fragaria × ananassa</em>) is an important horticultural crop and is highly nutritious and valuable. However, several molecular mechanisms on the biosynthesis and metabolism of aroma compounds and the regulatory network that governs aromas remain unknown. This study investigated the influence of different altitude ecotypes on the components of pulp aroma and volatile metabolites in strawberry hybrid F<sub>1</sub> and its parents. “Perilla alcohol” was found to be the major factor that regulated the aroma of strawberry pulp from plants at low altitudes, and “perilla alcohol, linalool, alpha-farnesene and E-2-hexenyl benzoate” were the major factors that regulated the aroma of strawberry pulp from plants at high altitudes. Furthermore, three key candidate genes were identified according to the criteria of |K.i| > 40 and |MM| > 0.90. This study will establish a theoretical foundation for the cultivation of novel varieties of strawberries characterized by superior quality and flavor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":323,"journal":{"name":"Food Research International","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 115952"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultrasensitive and rapid detection of Hg2+ in milk based on β-galactosidase driven colloidal motors

IF 7 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Research International

Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115977

Sheng Kang , Yong Zheng , Baohua Zhu , Yingjie Wu , Qiang He

In this study, we present a new β-galactosidase-powered Janus colloidal motor for the active and rapid detection of Hg²⁺ in milk. The colloidal motor was fabricated by depositing a thin gold layer on one side of the self-assembled polyelectrolyte capsule, followed by immobilizing β-galactosidase and nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots asymmetrically on the other side of the polyelectrolyte capsule. β-Galactosidase on the surface of the gold side can decompose the lactose in milk into glucose and galactose, leading to active motion. Furthermore, since nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots on the colloidal motor’s surface can be quenched by Hg²⁺ in milk, such colloidal motors are found to serve as an effective fluorescent sensing platform for the sensitive detection of Hg²⁺ ions. Benefiting from the efficient movement of the colloidal motors, the interaction between the nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots and the quenched substrate is greatly enhanced, thus improving the detection efficiency and accuracy of Hg²⁺. Under the optimized conditions, the colloidal motors achieved a linear detection range of 0.031–15 μM and the low detection limit of 9.1 nM. The colloidal motors are proving to be an attractive multifunctional sensor platform, providing a valuable means of monitoring Hg²⁺ contamination in dairy products.

{"title":"Ultrasensitive and rapid detection of Hg2+ in milk based on β-galactosidase driven colloidal motors","authors":"Sheng Kang , Yong Zheng , Baohua Zhu , Yingjie Wu , Qiang He","doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we present a new β-galactosidase-powered Janus colloidal motor for the active and rapid detection of Hg<sup>2+</sup> in milk. The colloidal motor was fabricated by depositing a thin gold layer on one side of the self-assembled polyelectrolyte capsule, followed by immobilizing β-galactosidase and nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots asymmetrically on the other side of the polyelectrolyte capsule. β-Galactosidase on the surface of the gold side can decompose the lactose in milk into glucose and galactose, leading to active motion. Furthermore, since nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots on the colloidal motor’s surface can be quenched by Hg<sup>2+</sup> in milk, such colloidal motors are found to serve as an effective fluorescent sensing platform for the sensitive detection of Hg<sup>2+</sup> ions. Benefiting from the efficient movement of the colloidal motors, the interaction between the nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots and the quenched substrate is greatly enhanced, thus improving the detection efficiency and accuracy of Hg<sup>2+</sup>. Under the optimized conditions, the colloidal motors achieved a linear detection range of 0.031–15 μM and the low detection limit of 9.1 nM. The colloidal motors are proving to be an attractive multifunctional sensor platform, providing a valuable means of monitoring Hg<sup>2+</sup> contamination in dairy products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":323,"journal":{"name":"Food Research International","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 115977"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prediction of quality traits in packaged mango by NIR spectroscopy

IF 7 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Research International

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115963

Fangchen Ding , Juan Francisco García-Martín , Li Zhang , Zhi Xu , Daizhu Lv , Xiao Chen , Kang Tu , Weijie Lan , Leiqing Pan

Packaging with paper bags is essential for protecting mangoes during growth, but strongly berries near infrared (NIR) spectral signals used for non-invasive analysis of their internal quality. This study focused on eliminating or minimizing the interference of paper bags on the NIR spectra of mangoes and developed innovative solutions to accurately assess mango firmness (FI), dry matter content (DMC), soluble solids content (SSC), and titratable acidity (TA). Specific NIR signals at around 1150–1250 nm and 2100–2400 nm were highlighted, which significantly reduced the precision of NIR predictions for these quality traits. A deep learning-based fully connected neural network (FNN) combined with Gaussian spatial (GS) filtering were applied as an effective strategy to mitigate the spectral interferences of packaged mangoes. Additionally, partial least squares regression (PLSR) consistently outperformed principal components regression (PCR) across all quality traits based on the spectra of packaged mangoes after FNN correction and GS filtering (PMs-FNN-GS), with R_p² and RMSEP values of 0.847 and 10.705 N, 0.932 and 0.320 % for DMC, 0.821 and 1.211 % for SSC, and 0.907 and 0.032 % for TA, demonstrating that reliable predictive accuracy for packaged mangoes was effectively achieved through the combination of deep learning and GS filtering.

{"title":"Prediction of quality traits in packaged mango by NIR spectroscopy","authors":"Fangchen Ding , Juan Francisco García-Martín , Li Zhang , Zhi Xu , Daizhu Lv , Xiao Chen , Kang Tu , Weijie Lan , Leiqing Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Packaging with paper bags is essential for protecting mangoes during growth, but strongly berries near infrared (NIR) spectral signals used for non-invasive analysis of their internal quality. This study focused on eliminating or minimizing the interference of paper bags on the NIR spectra of mangoes and developed innovative solutions to accurately assess mango firmness (FI), dry matter content (DMC), soluble solids content (SSC), and titratable acidity (TA). Specific NIR signals at around 1150–1250 nm and 2100–2400 nm were highlighted, which significantly reduced the precision of NIR predictions for these quality traits. A deep learning-based fully connected neural network (FNN) combined with Gaussian spatial (GS) filtering were applied as an effective strategy to mitigate the spectral interferences of packaged mangoes. Additionally, partial least squares regression (PLSR) consistently outperformed principal components regression (PCR) across all quality traits based on the spectra of packaged mangoes after FNN correction and GS filtering (PMs-FNN-GS), with R<sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> and RMSEP values of 0.847 and 10.705 N, 0.932 and 0.320 % for DMC, 0.821 and 1.211 % for SSC, and 0.907 and 0.032 % for TA, demonstrating that reliable predictive accuracy for packaged mangoes was effectively achieved through the combination of deep learning and GS filtering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":323,"journal":{"name":"Food Research International","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 115963"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the differential responses in normal and inflamed in vitro intestinal models exposed to food contaminants complex mixtures

IF 7 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Research International

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115907

Helena Ramos , Mafalda Ribeiro , Ana Margarida Araújo , Marta Silva , Zita Martins , Jesus Marín-Sáez , Rosalia Lopez-Ruiz , M.A. Faria , I.M.P.L.V.O. Ferreira

The intestinal barrier is crucial for gut health, and its dysfunction can lead to chronic inflammatory conditions. Food contaminants like pesticides, heavy metals, mycotoxins, heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may worsen these conditions. However, research often overlooks the complex interactions between contaminants and the different cells in the intestine.

This study explores the effects of repeated exposure to a mixture of 45 food contaminants on a triculture cell model (Caco-2/HT29-MTX monolayers and THP-1 cells) under normal and inflamed conditions. Two exposure scenarios were tested: a low-level mixture (LOW) reflecting daily diet exposure and a worst-case (WS) scenario. Cytotoxicity, barrier integrity, the expression of inflammation, oxidative stress, and intestinal barrier-related genes, as well as intestinal compounds absorption, were assessed.

LOW and WS tested mixtures were confirmed to be non-cytotoxic to the monolayer. The inflamed model was validated with a 23 % reduction in TEER value compared to the normal. The WS mixture caused a maximum TEER decrease of 61 % after repeated exposure. The inflamed model was more vulnerable to contaminants, though the normal also showed significant effects. Gene expression revealed modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress, indicating that even real-life levels of food contaminants exacerbate these responses. The WS mixture induced 6–8 times the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-8 and IL-1β. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were found in contaminants absorption between the models, but the absorption patterns align with known data. These findings enhance understanding of the intestinal effects of exposure to food contaminant mixtures in the diet.

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引用次数: 0

β-Carotene-loaded cationic nanoparticles ameliorate MASLD via modulating lipid homeostasis and gut microbiome

IF 7 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Research International

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115816

Lu Dong, Wenyong Lou, Juan Wang

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is, increasingly, a major threat to human health, yet without any approved drug. β-carotene (BC) contributes to alleviating several metabolic diseases. However, the bioavailability of BC is hindered by hydrophobicity and environmental sensitivity. Herein, we explore the utilization of cationic lipid-assisted nanoparticles to achieve efficient delivery of BC. In the MASLD model, NP-BC ameliorated the development of metabolic disorders, insulin resistance, inflammatory injury and hepatic steatosis. Transcriptomic analysis showed that NP-BA rectifies various pathways involved in steatosis development by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and PPARγ gene expression. Meanwhile, NP-BC also reshaped the composition of gut microbiota in MASLD mice by reducing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria. Taken together, our study demonstrates that NP-BC can improve MASLD and may be a promising candidate for treating MASLD.

引用次数: 0

Ursolic acid- betulinic acid-CCM NPs: A delivery system for improving the stability and bioavailability of CCM

IF 7 1区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food Research International

Pub Date : 2025-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115947

Xiaoting Wang , Shiyao Fu , Ying Han , Xuening Yang , Jing Wang , Xin Yang

The research constructed a co-assembly nanoparticles (NPs) of ursolic acid (UA) and betulinic acid (BA) as carriers to load the active substance curcumin (CCM) by co-precipitation method, aiming to improve the stability and bioavailability of CCM in the human body and enabling CCM to play more functions in the production of functional foods. The average particle size of UA-BA-CCM NPs was 222.6 nm and zeta potential was −26.63 mV. The UA-BA-CCM NPs had small size and great stability. The drug loading was up to 20.42 %. Moreover, the hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking existed in the three molecules. The result was verified by Molecular Dynamics Simulation, FITR, and UV experiments. In simulated in vitro release experiments, the release rate of the NPs was lower than free CCM in gastric phase, improving CCM bioavailability. Meanwhile, the UA-BA-CCM NPs performed better clearing free radicals than free CCM. Thus, UA-BA-CCM NPs delivery system not only could improve stability and bioavailability of CCM, but also might make CCM play a role in the functional food.

{"title":"Ursolic acid- betulinic acid-CCM NPs: A delivery system for improving the stability and bioavailability of CCM","authors":"Xiaoting Wang , Shiyao Fu , Ying Han , Xuening Yang , Jing Wang , Xin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodres.2025.115947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The research constructed a co-assembly nanoparticles (NPs) of ursolic acid (UA) and betulinic acid (BA) as carriers to load the active substance curcumin (CCM) by co-precipitation method, aiming to improve the stability and bioavailability of CCM in the human body and enabling CCM to play more functions in the production of functional foods. The average particle size of UA-BA-CCM NPs was 222.6 nm and zeta potential was −26.63 mV. The UA-BA-CCM NPs had small size and great stability. The drug loading was up to 20.42 %. Moreover, the hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking existed in the three molecules. The result was verified by Molecular Dynamics Simulation, FITR, and UV experiments. In simulated in vitro release experiments, the release rate of the NPs was lower than free CCM in gastric phase, improving CCM bioavailability. Meanwhile, the UA-BA-CCM NPs performed better clearing free radicals than free CCM. Thus, UA-BA-CCM NPs delivery system not only could improve stability and bioavailability of CCM, but also might make CCM play a role in the functional food.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":323,"journal":{"name":"Food Research International","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 115947"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143437907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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