The aim of this study was to quantify the discrepancies in geometrical and dosimetric impacts (in volumetric modulated arc therapy) between manually segmented (MS) contours and smart segmentation (SS) auto‐contours (by Varian Eclipse Treatment Planning System SS v13.5) for prostate cancer patients.
{"title":"A mathematical and dosimetric approach to validate auto‐contouring by Varian Smart segmentation for prostate cancer patients","authors":"Sudipta Mandal, Shrikant N. Kale, R. Kinhikar","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1147","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to quantify the discrepancies in geometrical and dosimetric impacts (in volumetric modulated arc therapy) between manually segmented (MS) contours and smart segmentation (SS) auto‐contours (by Varian Eclipse Treatment Planning System SS v13.5) for prostate cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47506867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To find the correlations between blood systemic inflammatory biomarkers at three treatment time points and clinical effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy through a retrospective study.
通过回顾性研究，发现三个治疗时间点血液全身性炎症生物标志物与新辅助放化疗临床效果的相关性。
{"title":"Investigation of the systemic inflammatory index as a predictor of downstaging in locally advanced rectal cancer patients with preoperative chemoradiation","authors":"Wen-Lu Zou, Rui Huang, Ya-Qin Zheng, Chao Liu, Jujie Sun, Yan-lai Sun, J. Yue","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1145","url":null,"abstract":"To find the correlations between blood systemic inflammatory biomarkers at three treatment time points and clinical effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy through a retrospective study.","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44541146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Seneviratne, H. Ishikawa, J. Mao, Jingjing M Dougherty, A. Bush, Mathew Thomas, R. Manochakian, Y. Lou, D. Owen, T. Sio, J. Kirwan, S. Ko, B. Hoppe
Despite advancements in local‐regional and systemic therapies, non‐small cell cancer (NSCLC) remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Among those treated with standard‐of‐care modalities, 30–60% experience disease recurrence. Carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) is a form of densely ionizing radiotherapy with unique physical and biological advantages over traditional photon and proton modalities. CIRT is expected to have a superior biological impact on tumors, and is believed to be less impacted by the presence of tumor hypoxia or cell cycle state. It also shows highly conformal physical dose deposition due to reduced lateral scattering of the particles, limiting the radiation dose delivered to adjacent organs at risk. To implement CIRT as a viable option in the treatment of NSCLC, technical aspects of treatment delivery – including appropriate beam arrangements, dose calculation algorithms, radiobiological models, and methods of motion management – must be thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, randomized clinical trials comparing CIRT versus traditional radiation modalities must be performed to show the benefits and risks associated with this novel treatment modality. This review discusses the rationale for utilizing CIRT in NSCLC, available clinical data to date, and the potential for future investigations that may pave the path for improving outcomes in those diagnosed with NSCLC.
{"title":"Carbon ion radiotherapy in the management of non‐small cell lung cancer","authors":"D. Seneviratne, H. Ishikawa, J. Mao, Jingjing M Dougherty, A. Bush, Mathew Thomas, R. Manochakian, Y. Lou, D. Owen, T. Sio, J. Kirwan, S. Ko, B. Hoppe","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1146","url":null,"abstract":"Despite advancements in local‐regional and systemic therapies, non‐small cell cancer (NSCLC) remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Among those treated with standard‐of‐care modalities, 30–60% experience disease recurrence. Carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) is a form of densely ionizing radiotherapy with unique physical and biological advantages over traditional photon and proton modalities. CIRT is expected to have a superior biological impact on tumors, and is believed to be less impacted by the presence of tumor hypoxia or cell cycle state. It also shows highly conformal physical dose deposition due to reduced lateral scattering of the particles, limiting the radiation dose delivered to adjacent organs at risk. To implement CIRT as a viable option in the treatment of NSCLC, technical aspects of treatment delivery – including appropriate beam arrangements, dose calculation algorithms, radiobiological models, and methods of motion management – must be thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, randomized clinical trials comparing CIRT versus traditional radiation modalities must be performed to show the benefits and risks associated with this novel treatment modality. This review discusses the rationale for utilizing CIRT in NSCLC, available clinical data to date, and the potential for future investigations that may pave the path for improving outcomes in those diagnosed with NSCLC.","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46734434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chenyang Liu, Mao Li, Haonan Xiao, Tian Li, Wen Li, Jiang Zhang, Xinzhi Teng, Jing Cai
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is becoming increasingly important in precision radiotherapy owing to its excellent soft‐tissue contrast and versatile scan options. Many recent advances in MRI have been shown to be promising for MRI‐guided radiotherapy and for improved treatment outcomes. This paper summarizes these advances into six sections: MRI simulators, MRI‐linear accelerator hybrid machines, MRI‐only workflow, four‐dimensional MRI, MRI‐based radiomics, and magnetic resonance fingerprinting. These techniques can be implemented before, during, or after radiotherapy for various precision radiotherapy applications, such as tumor delineation, tumor motion management, treatment adaptation, and clinical decision making. For each of these techniques, this paper describes its technical details and discusses its clinical benefits and challenges.
{"title":"Advances in MRI‐guided precision radiotherapy","authors":"Chenyang Liu, Mao Li, Haonan Xiao, Tian Li, Wen Li, Jiang Zhang, Xinzhi Teng, Jing Cai","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1143","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is becoming increasingly important in precision radiotherapy owing to its excellent soft‐tissue contrast and versatile scan options. Many recent advances in MRI have been shown to be promising for MRI‐guided radiotherapy and for improved treatment outcomes. This paper summarizes these advances into six sections: MRI simulators, MRI‐linear accelerator hybrid machines, MRI‐only workflow, four‐dimensional MRI, MRI‐based radiomics, and magnetic resonance fingerprinting. These techniques can be implemented before, during, or after radiotherapy for various precision radiotherapy applications, such as tumor delineation, tumor motion management, treatment adaptation, and clinical decision making. For each of these techniques, this paper describes its technical details and discusses its clinical benefits and challenges.","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42764560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH‐RT) has gained attention as an ultra‐high dose rate RT in recent years. This treatment significantly shortens the time of RT and reduces the influence of tumor movement caused by breathing or other factors. In addition, it spares the surrounding normal tissues and organs while ensuring the anti‐tumor effect. With the efforts of scientific researchers and clinical staff, the FLASH effect has been successfully induced in electron, photon, and proton irradiation. Preliminary research has been carried out to explore its related mechanism. However, this has not yet been fully determined, although oxygen depletion was the proposed primary mechanism discovered. Due to the development of immunotherapy, studies on the involvement of the immune system in the FLASH effect have begun to attract attention. This study reviewed published experimental results to analyze and summarize the feasibility of FLASH‐RT widely used in clinical practice, and whether it could be combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors to guide therapy.
{"title":"FLASH radiotherapy: Research process from basic experimentation to clinical application","authors":"Xiaohui Wang, Hui Luo, Xiao-li Zheng, H. Ge","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1140","url":null,"abstract":"FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH‐RT) has gained attention as an ultra‐high dose rate RT in recent years. This treatment significantly shortens the time of RT and reduces the influence of tumor movement caused by breathing or other factors. In addition, it spares the surrounding normal tissues and organs while ensuring the anti‐tumor effect. With the efforts of scientific researchers and clinical staff, the FLASH effect has been successfully induced in electron, photon, and proton irradiation. Preliminary research has been carried out to explore its related mechanism. However, this has not yet been fully determined, although oxygen depletion was the proposed primary mechanism discovered. Due to the development of immunotherapy, studies on the involvement of the immune system in the FLASH effect have begun to attract attention. This study reviewed published experimental results to analyze and summarize the feasibility of FLASH‐RT widely used in clinical practice, and whether it could be combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors to guide therapy.","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43450829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Proton beam therapy has gained popularity over recent years. This is likely due to improved affordability; that is, lower cost, and increasing reports on excellent patient‐reported outcomes. Protons’ physical properties provide dosimetric advantages over photon therapy due to the unique ability to have little‐to‐no “exit” dose, potentially translating to reduced toxicities and improved patient quality of life. The increased delivery of proton beam therapy to treat numerous head and neck cancers, including oropharynx, nasopharynx, sinonasal, in the re‐irradiation setting, and unilateral malignancies, has led to more studies elucidating the clinical risks and benefits. In this review, we aim to summarize the recent literature on proton beam therapy utilization in head and neck cancer. In addition, we discuss the process of treatment and planning, clinical treatment toxicities and outcomes, limitations, and future directions.
{"title":"Proton beam radiation therapy treatment for head and neck cancer","authors":"N. Mohamed, Anna Lee, N. Lee","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1135","url":null,"abstract":"Proton beam therapy has gained popularity over recent years. This is likely due to improved affordability; that is, lower cost, and increasing reports on excellent patient‐reported outcomes. Protons’ physical properties provide dosimetric advantages over photon therapy due to the unique ability to have little‐to‐no “exit” dose, potentially translating to reduced toxicities and improved patient quality of life. The increased delivery of proton beam therapy to treat numerous head and neck cancers, including oropharynx, nasopharynx, sinonasal, in the re‐irradiation setting, and unilateral malignancies, has led to more studies elucidating the clinical risks and benefits. In this review, we aim to summarize the recent literature on proton beam therapy utilization in head and neck cancer. In addition, we discuss the process of treatment and planning, clinical treatment toxicities and outcomes, limitations, and future directions.","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42056989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dongqing Wang, Shuguang Zhang, Jin Xu, Limin Zhai, Baosheng Li
To investigate the frequency, distribution, and potential factors of lymphatic metastasis at each nodal level, and stratify the risk of lymph node metastasis in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma based on computed tomography.
{"title":"Analysis of lymph nodes metastasis in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma based on contrast‐enhanced computed tomography imaging","authors":"Dongqing Wang, Shuguang Zhang, Jin Xu, Limin Zhai, Baosheng Li","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1137","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate the frequency, distribution, and potential factors of lymphatic metastasis at each nodal level, and stratify the risk of lymph node metastasis in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma based on computed tomography.","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49004381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Sarkar, T. Ganesh, A. Munshi, A. Manikandan, Suresh Choudhari, K. Jassal, B. Mohanti, A. Pradhan
This study aimed to evaluate the compatibility of robotic couch‐assisted six‐dimensional (6D) patient positioning systems with gantry‐mounted and in‐room independent imaging modalities in two different accelerators.
{"title":"Compatibility assessment of Varian and Elekta robotic couch‐assisted six‐dimensional patient positioning correction systems with external independent imaging modalities","authors":"B. Sarkar, T. Ganesh, A. Munshi, A. Manikandan, Suresh Choudhari, K. Jassal, B. Mohanti, A. Pradhan","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1136","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the compatibility of robotic couch‐assisted six‐dimensional (6D) patient positioning systems with gantry‐mounted and in‐room independent imaging modalities in two different accelerators.","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41369705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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