N. Lamba, Shikha Dhal, Ruchika Makkar, S. Goyal, S. Sarna
Introduction: Cancer pain is known to be one of the Most severe pain anyone in life and is the primary reason for discontinuation of treatment. Sphenopalatine ganglion block (SPGB) can be useful in alleviating pain of carcinoma buccal mucosa. The study aims to analyze the effect of transnasal SPGB in pain management of patients suffering from carcinoma buccal mucosa. Materials and Methods: It was a hospital-based study done on 150 patients with carcinoma buccal mucosa using a prospective cross-sectional study design. To do statistical analysis, paired t-test was used having SPSS software. Results: On visual analogue scale, intensity of pain was found to be notably reduced from 7.42±2.02 to 3.45±1.21 (P < 0.0001), after first sitting. Preprocedure and postprocedure morphine requirement were 90.24 ± 30.24 and 60.42 ± 0.93 mg/day (P > 0.05) At the conclusion of study, the results were found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Transnasal SPGB is beneficial in improving patient compliance and reducing pain scores and morphine requirement in patients suffering from carcinoma buccal mucosa.
{"title":"A prospective cross-sectional study to analyze the effect of transnasal sphenopalatine ganglion block in carcinoma buccal mucosa patients","authors":"N. Lamba, Shikha Dhal, Ruchika Makkar, S. Goyal, S. Sarna","doi":"10.4103/amit.amit_58_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amit.amit_58_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cancer pain is known to be one of the Most severe pain anyone in life and is the primary reason for discontinuation of treatment. Sphenopalatine ganglion block (SPGB) can be useful in alleviating pain of carcinoma buccal mucosa. The study aims to analyze the effect of transnasal SPGB in pain management of patients suffering from carcinoma buccal mucosa. Materials and Methods: It was a hospital-based study done on 150 patients with carcinoma buccal mucosa using a prospective cross-sectional study design. To do statistical analysis, paired t-test was used having SPSS software. Results: On visual analogue scale, intensity of pain was found to be notably reduced from 7.42±2.02 to 3.45±1.21 (P < 0.0001), after first sitting. Preprocedure and postprocedure morphine requirement were 90.24 ± 30.24 and 60.42 ± 0.93 mg/day (P > 0.05) At the conclusion of study, the results were found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: Transnasal SPGB is beneficial in improving patient compliance and reducing pain scores and morphine requirement in patients suffering from carcinoma buccal mucosa.","PeriodicalId":32506,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica International","volume":"97 1","pages":"115 - 117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86924053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: The knowledge of morphometric parameters of laminae of cervical vertebrae is indispensable in surgical procedures and developing instrumentation for surgical processes. Literature reports ethnic and geographical variations reported in these dimensions. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included analysis of laminae of 212 cervical vertebrae (C3–C6). The length of superior border of lamina and inferior border of lamina was measured on the right and left sides using vernier caliper. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was done with the help of Microsoft Excel version 2021. Results: The length of the superior border of lamina on both sides increases from C3 to C5. The length of the inferior border of the lamina on both sides decreases from C3 to C4, then on the right side, it increases from C4 to C5 and then decreases from C5 to C6, and on the left side, it increases from C4 to C6. At C4, the length of superior border of lamina on the right side differed statistically from the length of superior border of lamina on the left side (P = 0.042). A significant difference between lengths of the inferior border of laminae on the right and left sides was also found at the C5 vertebra (P = 0.001) and C6 vertebra (P = 0.012). No significant difference in thickness and height of lamina was observed between right and left sides. Conclusion: The present study indicates morphometric parameters of laminae of typical cervical vertebrae in the North West Indian population differ from the same parameters in Brazilian as well as South Indian populations. The length of superior border as well as inferior border of lamina has significant differences between right and left sides. However, there is no significant difference in height and thickness of laminae between right and left sides.
前言:了解颈椎椎板的形态参数在外科手术和开发手术过程中是不可或缺的。文献报道了这些方面的种族和地理差异。材料和方法:本横断面研究包括对212例颈椎(C3-C6)椎板的分析。用游标卡尺分别在左右两侧测量板上缘和板下缘的长度。描述性和推断性统计分析是借助Microsoft Excel version 2021完成的。结果:两侧椎板上缘长度由C3向C5逐渐增加。两侧椎板下缘长度从C3到C4依次减少，右侧从C4到C5依次增加，再从C5到C6依次减少，左侧从C4到C6依次增加。C4时，右侧板上边界长度与左侧板上边界长度差异有统计学意义(P = 0.042)。C5椎体和C6椎体的左右两侧椎板下缘长度也存在显著差异(P = 0.001)。左右两侧椎板厚度和高度无显著差异。结论:本研究表明西北印度人群典型颈椎椎板的形态参数与巴西和南印度人群的相同参数不同。左右两侧椎板上缘和下缘长度差异显著。而左右两侧纹层的高度和厚度无显著差异。
{"title":"Morphometric analysis of laminae of C3–C6 vertebrae of cervical spine in the population of north west India","authors":"V. Malik, A. Sidhu, N. Ghalawat, V. Garsa","doi":"10.4103/amit.amit_76_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amit.amit_76_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The knowledge of morphometric parameters of laminae of cervical vertebrae is indispensable in surgical procedures and developing instrumentation for surgical processes. Literature reports ethnic and geographical variations reported in these dimensions. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included analysis of laminae of 212 cervical vertebrae (C3–C6). The length of superior border of lamina and inferior border of lamina was measured on the right and left sides using vernier caliper. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was done with the help of Microsoft Excel version 2021. Results: The length of the superior border of lamina on both sides increases from C3 to C5. The length of the inferior border of the lamina on both sides decreases from C3 to C4, then on the right side, it increases from C4 to C5 and then decreases from C5 to C6, and on the left side, it increases from C4 to C6. At C4, the length of superior border of lamina on the right side differed statistically from the length of superior border of lamina on the left side (P = 0.042). A significant difference between lengths of the inferior border of laminae on the right and left sides was also found at the C5 vertebra (P = 0.001) and C6 vertebra (P = 0.012). No significant difference in thickness and height of lamina was observed between right and left sides. Conclusion: The present study indicates morphometric parameters of laminae of typical cervical vertebrae in the North West Indian population differ from the same parameters in Brazilian as well as South Indian populations. The length of superior border as well as inferior border of lamina has significant differences between right and left sides. However, there is no significant difference in height and thickness of laminae between right and left sides.","PeriodicalId":32506,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica International","volume":"53 1","pages":"132 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89481990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: For a range of kidney abnormalities, including both neoplastic and nonneoplastic disorders, nephrectomy is a popular surgical treatment. We conducted this study to examine the range of lesions found in the nephrectomy specimens obtained and to ascertain the distribution of these lesions by age and sex. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the department of pathology, from 2017 to 2022. All nephrectomy specimens received during 5 years were included. Results: The spectrum of renal lesions observed in the study included both neoplastic (43.75%) and nonneoplastic (56.25%) conditions. Nineteen patients were males (59.37%) and 13 were females (40.62%) (M: F = 1.4:1). The most common entity in the nonneoplastic category was chronic pyelonephritis (n = 9, 28.12%). In our study, we documented two unusual cases of renal replacement lipomatosis (RRL), a type of pseudotumor related to nonfunctioning kidneys. Fourteen patients underwent nephrectomy for neoplastic conditions such as Wilm's tumor and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Conclusion: Nephrectomy for the nonneoplastic condition was performed more frequently in our series. Histopathological evaluation of nonneoplastic nephrectomy specimens must be thoroughly considered, particularly in unusual circumstances such as RRL, where a preoperative erroneous initial impression of a malignant lesion such as angiomyolipoma or liposarcoma is possible.
导读:对于一系列肾脏异常，包括肿瘤和非肿瘤疾病，肾切除术是一种流行的手术治疗方法。我们进行了这项研究，以检查在获得的肾切除术标本中发现的病变范围，并确定这些病变按年龄和性别的分布。材料与方法:本研究于2017 - 2022年在病理科进行。所有5年内接受的肾切除术标本均纳入其中。结果:本研究中观察到的肾脏病变包括肿瘤(43.75%)和非肿瘤(56.25%)。男性19例(59.37%)，女性13例(40.62%)(M: F = 1.4:1)。非肿瘤类别中最常见的是慢性肾盂肾炎(n = 9, 28.12%)。在我们的研究中，我们记录了两个罕见的肾脏替代脂肪瘤病(RRL)，一种与无功能肾脏相关的假肿瘤。14例患者因肿瘤如肾母细胞癌和肾细胞癌(RCC)而行肾切除术。结论:在我们的研究中，非肿瘤情况下的肾切除术更为常见。非肿瘤性肾切除术标本的组织病理学评估必须彻底考虑，特别是在不寻常的情况下，如RRL，术前错误的初始印象是恶性病变，如血管平滑肌脂肪瘤或脂肪肉瘤。
{"title":"Histomorphological analysis of nephrectomy specimens: Experience at a tertiary care institute","authors":"B. Soumya, R. Devi, S. Kulkarni, V. Kulkarni","doi":"10.4103/amit.amit_93_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amit.amit_93_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: For a range of kidney abnormalities, including both neoplastic and nonneoplastic disorders, nephrectomy is a popular surgical treatment. We conducted this study to examine the range of lesions found in the nephrectomy specimens obtained and to ascertain the distribution of these lesions by age and sex. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the department of pathology, from 2017 to 2022. All nephrectomy specimens received during 5 years were included. Results: The spectrum of renal lesions observed in the study included both neoplastic (43.75%) and nonneoplastic (56.25%) conditions. Nineteen patients were males (59.37%) and 13 were females (40.62%) (M: F = 1.4:1). The most common entity in the nonneoplastic category was chronic pyelonephritis (n = 9, 28.12%). In our study, we documented two unusual cases of renal replacement lipomatosis (RRL), a type of pseudotumor related to nonfunctioning kidneys. Fourteen patients underwent nephrectomy for neoplastic conditions such as Wilm's tumor and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Conclusion: Nephrectomy for the nonneoplastic condition was performed more frequently in our series. Histopathological evaluation of nonneoplastic nephrectomy specimens must be thoroughly considered, particularly in unusual circumstances such as RRL, where a preoperative erroneous initial impression of a malignant lesion such as angiomyolipoma or liposarcoma is possible.","PeriodicalId":32506,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica International","volume":"13 1","pages":"159 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88736032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Chandrashekhar, Priyadharshini Bargunam, Kusumanjali Boya
Introduction: Myxoid soft-tissue tumors are a diverse group of tumors which have similar histomorphology but have varied genetic sequence and clinical outcome, hence differentiating and diagnosing them is a challenge for any pathologist. This study describes the various histomorphological spectrum and vascular pattern of various myxoid soft-tissue tumors. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective and prospective observational study of myxoid soft-tissue tumors over a period of 13 years. A total of 224 cases with myxoid morphology were included and were examined morphologically with a special focus on the vascular pattern. SPSS v 24 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The predominant lesions were benign in 164 (73.21%) cases, followed by malignant lesions in 43 (19.19%) cases and intermediate lesions 17 (7.58%) cases. Both benign and malignant lesions showed a male preponderance and were seen to arise predominantly from the extremities. The most common benign myxoid lesions in this study were of neural origin with myxoid neurofibroma constituting 65 (29. 01%) cases, followed by schwannoma 38 (16.9%) cases. Myxoid dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans was the most common intermediate lesion. Tumors with adipocytic differentiation were the predominant lesions among the malignant group, i.e myxoid liposarcoma seen in 17 (7.5%) cases. Conclusions: Vascular pattern in the myxoid lesions are subtle yet crucial in arriving at a histo-morphological diagnosis. Further studies correlating the vascular pattern with the genetic profile of these tumours can help arriving at a histo-morphological diagnosis of myxoid lesions.
摘要:黏液样软组织肿瘤是一种多种多样的肿瘤，具有相似的组织形态，但具有不同的基因序列和临床结果，因此对其进行鉴别和诊断是病理学家面临的一个挑战。本研究描述了各种黏液样软组织肿瘤的组织形态谱和血管模式。材料和方法:这是一项为期13年的粘液样软组织肿瘤的回顾性和前瞻性观察研究。共包括224例粘液样形态的病例，并进行了形态学检查，特别关注血管模式。采用SPSS v 24进行统计分析。结果:良性病变164例(73.21%)，恶性病变43例(19.19%)，中度病变17例(7.58%)。良性和恶性病变均表现为男性优势，并且主要出现在四肢。本研究中最常见的良性黏液样病变是神经源性的，黏液样神经纤维瘤占65%。其次是神经鞘瘤38例(16.9%)。黏液样皮肤纤维肉瘤是最常见的中间病变。恶性组以脂肪细胞分化为主，17例(7.5%)为黏液样脂肪肉瘤。结论:黏液样病变的血管形态是微妙的，但对组织形态学诊断至关重要。进一步的研究将血管模式与这些肿瘤的遗传谱联系起来，可以帮助实现粘液样病变的组织形态学诊断。
{"title":"Histopathological spectrum of myxoid soft-tissue neoplasms in a tertiary care center with a special focus on vascular patterns: A 13-year compilation","authors":"T. Chandrashekhar, Priyadharshini Bargunam, Kusumanjali Boya","doi":"10.4103/amit.amit_50_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amit.amit_50_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Myxoid soft-tissue tumors are a diverse group of tumors which have similar histomorphology but have varied genetic sequence and clinical outcome, hence differentiating and diagnosing them is a challenge for any pathologist. This study describes the various histomorphological spectrum and vascular pattern of various myxoid soft-tissue tumors. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective and prospective observational study of myxoid soft-tissue tumors over a period of 13 years. A total of 224 cases with myxoid morphology were included and were examined morphologically with a special focus on the vascular pattern. SPSS v 24 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The predominant lesions were benign in 164 (73.21%) cases, followed by malignant lesions in 43 (19.19%) cases and intermediate lesions 17 (7.58%) cases. Both benign and malignant lesions showed a male preponderance and were seen to arise predominantly from the extremities. The most common benign myxoid lesions in this study were of neural origin with myxoid neurofibroma constituting 65 (29. 01%) cases, followed by schwannoma 38 (16.9%) cases. Myxoid dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans was the most common intermediate lesion. Tumors with adipocytic differentiation were the predominant lesions among the malignant group, i.e myxoid liposarcoma seen in 17 (7.5%) cases. Conclusions: Vascular pattern in the myxoid lesions are subtle yet crucial in arriving at a histo-morphological diagnosis. Further studies correlating the vascular pattern with the genetic profile of these tumours can help arriving at a histo-morphological diagnosis of myxoid lesions.","PeriodicalId":32506,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica International","volume":"48 1","pages":"99 - 103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86052158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neha Gupta, D. Singh, Anuj Malik, Mohd. Arshad, V. Kumar, Mirza U. Beg, Shashi Singh
Introduction: Failure of ossification in the vertical direction between the two halves of the frontal bone is called a metopic suture; this suture is present in between the superciliary arch and tubers of the frontal bone so it is also called a median frontal suture. At birth, the frontal bone present is two half, in the 1st year they contact each other, and within the 7th to 8th year, they fused together. Sometimes, bones may not be fused completely and it becomes metopic fontanelle. Materials and Methods: The goal of the current study was to determine the prevalence of metopic suture in adult human skulls in Uttar Pradesh. One hundred and fifty macerated skulls of undetermined age and sex were used for this. The anatomical departments of Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center (Moradabad), King George Medical College (Lucknow), SRMS Institute of Medical Science (Bareilly), Govt. Medical College Kannauj, and Govt. Medical College Saharanpur provided these skulls. Results: This study has found the incidence of metopic sutures of about 12.90%. The two types of metopic sutures were found in this study, namely complete metopic suture 4.52% and incomplete metopic suture 8.38% in which found 0.64% "V" shape metopic suture. Conclusion: The morphological study of metopic sutures on adult crania is useful for anatomists, experts in forensic medicine, and neurologists for performing surgical procedures in this area.
{"title":"Incidence of metopic suture in adult human crania in Uttar Pradesh","authors":"Neha Gupta, D. Singh, Anuj Malik, Mohd. Arshad, V. Kumar, Mirza U. Beg, Shashi Singh","doi":"10.4103/amit.amit_79_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amit.amit_79_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Failure of ossification in the vertical direction between the two halves of the frontal bone is called a metopic suture; this suture is present in between the superciliary arch and tubers of the frontal bone so it is also called a median frontal suture. At birth, the frontal bone present is two half, in the 1st year they contact each other, and within the 7th to 8th year, they fused together. Sometimes, bones may not be fused completely and it becomes metopic fontanelle. Materials and Methods: The goal of the current study was to determine the prevalence of metopic suture in adult human skulls in Uttar Pradesh. One hundred and fifty macerated skulls of undetermined age and sex were used for this. The anatomical departments of Teerthankar Mahaveer Medical College and Research Center (Moradabad), King George Medical College (Lucknow), SRMS Institute of Medical Science (Bareilly), Govt. Medical College Kannauj, and Govt. Medical College Saharanpur provided these skulls. Results: This study has found the incidence of metopic sutures of about 12.90%. The two types of metopic sutures were found in this study, namely complete metopic suture 4.52% and incomplete metopic suture 8.38% in which found 0.64% \"V\" shape metopic suture. Conclusion: The morphological study of metopic sutures on adult crania is useful for anatomists, experts in forensic medicine, and neurologists for performing surgical procedures in this area.","PeriodicalId":32506,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica International","volume":"84 1","pages":"137 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83804836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Lamba, Anukriti Pareek, Shikha Dhal, S. Goyal, Ruchika Makkar, S. Sarna
Introduction: Antiepileptics and antidepressant medications are known for managing neuropathic pain. We aim to compare the effects of pregabalin with low-dose amitriptyline and gabapentin with low-dose amitriptyline in managing neuropathic pain in cancer patients undergoing palliative care. Materials and Methods: We conducted our study on 160 cancer patients who were having neuropathic pain and were undergoing palliative care treatment in our institute. It was a hospital-based, randomized, tertiary cancer center-based observational study. After taking approval from the institutional ethics committee and taking written informed consent from patients, the patients were divided into two groups and the effect of medicines on incidence of neuropathic pain was observed; the incidence of burning sensation and the incidence of adverse effects of medications were also analyzed. Statistical analysis was done using paired t-test and SPSS version 20 software. Results: The onset of relief in pain was earlier in the pregabalin group as compared to the gabapentin group. There was more reduction in a burning sensation in the pregabalin group as compared to the gabapentin group. The incidence of headaches was the same in both groups. Nausea and vomiting were more in the pregabalin group but the overall difference in adverse effects was not statistically significant (P > 0.05) Conclusions: In the management of neuropathic pain in cancer patients who are undergoing palliative care, a combination of pregabalin with amitriptyline was found to be more effective in pain relief than gabapentin with amitriptyline.
简介:抗癫痫药物和抗抑郁药物是众所周知的管理神经性疼痛。我们的目的是比较普瑞巴林与低剂量阿米替林和加巴喷丁与低剂量阿米替林在治疗姑息治疗癌症患者神经性疼痛中的作用。材料与方法:我们对我院160例接受姑息治疗的神经性疼痛癌症患者进行了研究。这是一项基于医院、随机、三级癌症中心的观察性研究。经机构伦理委员会批准并取得患者书面知情同意后，将患者分为两组，观察药物对神经性疼痛发生率的影响;并对两组患者的烧灼感发生率和药物不良反应发生率进行了分析。统计学分析采用配对t检验和SPSS version 20软件。结果:与加巴喷丁组相比，普瑞巴林组疼痛缓解的开始时间更早。与加巴喷丁组相比，普瑞巴林组灼热感的减少更多。两组的头痛发生率相同。普瑞巴林组恶心、呕吐发生率较高，但不良反应总体差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。结论:在姑息治疗癌症患者神经性疼痛的治疗中，普瑞巴林联合阿米替林比加巴喷丁联合阿米替林更能有效缓解疼痛。
{"title":"A comparative study to analyze the effect of gabapentin with amitriptyline versus pregabalin with amitriptyline in neuropathic pain in cancer patients undergoing palliative care","authors":"N. Lamba, Anukriti Pareek, Shikha Dhal, S. Goyal, Ruchika Makkar, S. Sarna","doi":"10.4103/amit.amit_64_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amit.amit_64_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Antiepileptics and antidepressant medications are known for managing neuropathic pain. We aim to compare the effects of pregabalin with low-dose amitriptyline and gabapentin with low-dose amitriptyline in managing neuropathic pain in cancer patients undergoing palliative care. Materials and Methods: We conducted our study on 160 cancer patients who were having neuropathic pain and were undergoing palliative care treatment in our institute. It was a hospital-based, randomized, tertiary cancer center-based observational study. After taking approval from the institutional ethics committee and taking written informed consent from patients, the patients were divided into two groups and the effect of medicines on incidence of neuropathic pain was observed; the incidence of burning sensation and the incidence of adverse effects of medications were also analyzed. Statistical analysis was done using paired t-test and SPSS version 20 software. Results: The onset of relief in pain was earlier in the pregabalin group as compared to the gabapentin group. There was more reduction in a burning sensation in the pregabalin group as compared to the gabapentin group. The incidence of headaches was the same in both groups. Nausea and vomiting were more in the pregabalin group but the overall difference in adverse effects was not statistically significant (P > 0.05) Conclusions: In the management of neuropathic pain in cancer patients who are undergoing palliative care, a combination of pregabalin with amitriptyline was found to be more effective in pain relief than gabapentin with amitriptyline.","PeriodicalId":32506,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica International","volume":"26 1","pages":"124 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78255818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Puri, J. Mishra, Monal Trisal, A. Mandal, S. Dubey
Introduction: Zygomycetes consisting of Mucorales order is a group of fungal infections. These species cause life threatening opportunistic fungal infections mucormycosis. This infection is highly prevalent in immunocompromised. During the 2nd wave of Covid 19 pandemic corticosteroid treatment was used which has been linked to development of Mucormycosis. In our tertiary care teaching hospital we saw that patients suffering from Covid-19 infections developed mucormycosis. We present these cases in our study. To study the clinical, demographical,and Laboratory parameters in Covid-19 patients with Mucormycosis. Material and Methods: Retrospective Study. All biopsy proven cases of Mucormycosis (which developed after Covid-19 infection) were included. Relevant Clinical Demographics and Laboratory data was retrieved from the available case sheets. The data was tabulated in Excel sheet and further reviewed. Results: A total of 22 patients were diagnosed as suffering from mucormycosis majority were unvaccinated. 11 patients out of 22 (50%) started manifesting mucormycosis within one week of COVID infection. All the patients who had only single comorbidity (22.72%) suffered from mild disease and patient who had more than one comorbidity suffered from moderate (27.27%) to severe (50%) COVID infection. Conclusion: It is suggested that patients with Covid-19 infection are at risk for development of opportunistic fungal infections like Mucormycosis. Hence the physicians who are involved in treating such patients must be mindful of the fact that mucormycosis can develop in them. Histopathology helps in establishing a concrete diagnosis of Mucormycosis.
{"title":"Mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients: A tertiary care experience","authors":"S. Puri, J. Mishra, Monal Trisal, A. Mandal, S. Dubey","doi":"10.4103/amit.amit_66_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amit.amit_66_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Zygomycetes consisting of Mucorales order is a group of fungal infections. These species cause life threatening opportunistic fungal infections mucormycosis. This infection is highly prevalent in immunocompromised. During the 2nd wave of Covid 19 pandemic corticosteroid treatment was used which has been linked to development of Mucormycosis. In our tertiary care teaching hospital we saw that patients suffering from Covid-19 infections developed mucormycosis. We present these cases in our study. To study the clinical, demographical,and Laboratory parameters in Covid-19 patients with Mucormycosis. Material and Methods: Retrospective Study. All biopsy proven cases of Mucormycosis (which developed after Covid-19 infection) were included. Relevant Clinical Demographics and Laboratory data was retrieved from the available case sheets. The data was tabulated in Excel sheet and further reviewed. Results: A total of 22 patients were diagnosed as suffering from mucormycosis majority were unvaccinated. 11 patients out of 22 (50%) started manifesting mucormycosis within one week of COVID infection. All the patients who had only single comorbidity (22.72%) suffered from mild disease and patient who had more than one comorbidity suffered from moderate (27.27%) to severe (50%) COVID infection. Conclusion: It is suggested that patients with Covid-19 infection are at risk for development of opportunistic fungal infections like Mucormycosis. Hence the physicians who are involved in treating such patients must be mindful of the fact that mucormycosis can develop in them. Histopathology helps in establishing a concrete diagnosis of Mucormycosis.","PeriodicalId":32506,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica International","volume":"380 1","pages":"127 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83874955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramya Rajamanickam, Rajesh Jayanandan, Aparna Jayaraman, S. Sivathanu
Introduction: Challenges faced by the primary caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic help to identify their needs and health seeking behavior during pandemic. Objectives: (1) To describe the factors associated with periodic follow-up at the hospital which posed as difficulties to their primary caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic. (2) To identify the measures adopted by these primary caregivers to overcome those difficulties. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted from May to August 2021 among 57 primary caregivers of children with chronic diseases registered before March 1, 2020, who were under periodic follow-up in our pediatrics department. Data were collected by direct or telephonic interview using a predesigned semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics like mean, standard deviation, proportions and paired "t"-test using Epi info and IBM SPSS trial version 28.0. Results: Frequency of hospital visits of 14 (24.6%) subjects were reduced during the COVID pandemic compared to the prepandemic period. During the COVID pandemic, 42 (73.7%) subjects had faced transportation difficulties, 23 (40.3%) had faced financial difficulties, 22 (38.6%) had skipped their scheduled follow-up visits and around 31.6% of them have feared of contracting COVID. None had availed telemedicine consultation for their children either before or during the pandemic. Conclusions: Difficulties faced in transportation, fear of contracting COVID, financial difficulties, and lack of awareness of teleconsultation services were identified as their major obstacles.
{"title":"Challenges for primary caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic in accessing health care of children with chronic diseases under periodic follow-up at a tertiary care hospital in South India","authors":"Ramya Rajamanickam, Rajesh Jayanandan, Aparna Jayaraman, S. Sivathanu","doi":"10.4103/amit.amit_55_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amit.amit_55_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Challenges faced by the primary caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic help to identify their needs and health seeking behavior during pandemic. Objectives: (1) To describe the factors associated with periodic follow-up at the hospital which posed as difficulties to their primary caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic. (2) To identify the measures adopted by these primary caregivers to overcome those difficulties. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was conducted from May to August 2021 among 57 primary caregivers of children with chronic diseases registered before March 1, 2020, who were under periodic follow-up in our pediatrics department. Data were collected by direct or telephonic interview using a predesigned semi-structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics like mean, standard deviation, proportions and paired \"t\"-test using Epi info and IBM SPSS trial version 28.0. Results: Frequency of hospital visits of 14 (24.6%) subjects were reduced during the COVID pandemic compared to the prepandemic period. During the COVID pandemic, 42 (73.7%) subjects had faced transportation difficulties, 23 (40.3%) had faced financial difficulties, 22 (38.6%) had skipped their scheduled follow-up visits and around 31.6% of them have feared of contracting COVID. None had availed telemedicine consultation for their children either before or during the pandemic. Conclusions: Difficulties faced in transportation, fear of contracting COVID, financial difficulties, and lack of awareness of teleconsultation services were identified as their major obstacles.","PeriodicalId":32506,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica International","volume":"20 1","pages":"108 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85442754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/amit.amit_150_21
Radhika Anand, R. Najam
Introduction: Since its emergence, COVID 19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, turned out to be a health threat throughout the world. The degree of risk for the health-care workers who are dealing with the COVID-19 patients is uncertain. Questionnaire-based prospective cross-sectional study was done to assess the extent to which the Indian obstetrics and gynecology practice has been affected by the pandemic. Materials and Methods: From August to October 2020, 309 obstetricians (OBs) and gynecologists took part in the survey via Google forms. Impact on the present working scenario during the pandemic compared to the Pre-COVID era was evaluated. The categorical variables got illustrated through frequency (%). The association among the variables Chi-square test was utilized. Statistical significance was contemplated by the P < 0.05. Graphs were prepared using Google Sheets and Microsoft Excel 365. Results: There was drastic fall in parameters of obstetric practice. Over half of the OBs witnessed fall in outpatients over 90%. Significant association seen reduction in earnings with the sector, type of set-up, and duration of practice (P < 0.001) was found. Apprehension among the study group was present still majority 54.8% said that they were working voluntarily in this time of national crisis. Conclusions: This research indicates that the pandemic has entailed practice of obstetrics and gynecology in India. However, the smooth functioning was maintained due to the high degree of knowledge and preparedness among the doctors and the well-laid guidelines by the authorities.
{"title":"COVID-19 and obstetricians and gynecologist: The Indian perspective","authors":"Radhika Anand, R. Najam","doi":"10.4103/amit.amit_150_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/amit.amit_150_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Since its emergence, COVID 19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, turned out to be a health threat throughout the world. The degree of risk for the health-care workers who are dealing with the COVID-19 patients is uncertain. Questionnaire-based prospective cross-sectional study was done to assess the extent to which the Indian obstetrics and gynecology practice has been affected by the pandemic. Materials and Methods: From August to October 2020, 309 obstetricians (OBs) and gynecologists took part in the survey via Google forms. Impact on the present working scenario during the pandemic compared to the Pre-COVID era was evaluated. The categorical variables got illustrated through frequency (%). The association among the variables Chi-square test was utilized. Statistical significance was contemplated by the P < 0.05. Graphs were prepared using Google Sheets and Microsoft Excel 365. Results: There was drastic fall in parameters of obstetric practice. Over half of the OBs witnessed fall in outpatients over 90%. Significant association seen reduction in earnings with the sector, type of set-up, and duration of practice (P < 0.001) was found. Apprehension among the study group was present still majority 54.8% said that they were working voluntarily in this time of national crisis. Conclusions: This research indicates that the pandemic has entailed practice of obstetrics and gynecology in India. However, the smooth functioning was maintained due to the high degree of knowledge and preparedness among the doctors and the well-laid guidelines by the authorities.","PeriodicalId":32506,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica International","volume":"20 1","pages":"142 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85490453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Phulsunga, Sunil Kumar, Avinash Surana, Vikas Gupta
Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) posed an extraordinary situation in front of humankind with the onset of the year 2020. The Government of India, on March 16, 2020, announced closure of all the educational institutions. The aim of this study was to investigate the accessible and preferable educational resources among medical students during this pandemic phase. Materials and Methods: This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 392 undergraduate medical students after obtaining informed consent using a structured questionnaire with close-ended responses. Existence of clustering within the student's preferred educational resources was investigated. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 20.71 ± 1.65, with 51.3% males and 48.7% females. The major responses regarding educational resources were online lectures, online teaching videos, reading textbooks, and written notes. Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed preference for online lectures, online teaching videos, interactive online materials, and medical apps. Conclusion: As the count of users for educational resources available over the Internet is uprising, now, it is vital to generate evidence-based systems which support teaching merits and provide guidance for efficient teaching material available for online learning.
{"title":"Medical student's preference of educational resource usage during COVID-19 pandemic from Northern India","authors":"R. Phulsunga, Sunil Kumar, Avinash Surana, Vikas Gupta","doi":"10.4103/ami.ami_66_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ami.ami_66_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) posed an extraordinary situation in front of humankind with the onset of the year 2020. The Government of India, on March 16, 2020, announced closure of all the educational institutions. The aim of this study was to investigate the accessible and preferable educational resources among medical students during this pandemic phase. Materials and Methods: This web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 392 undergraduate medical students after obtaining informed consent using a structured questionnaire with close-ended responses. Existence of clustering within the student's preferred educational resources was investigated. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 20.71 ± 1.65, with 51.3% males and 48.7% females. The major responses regarding educational resources were online lectures, online teaching videos, reading textbooks, and written notes. Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed preference for online lectures, online teaching videos, interactive online materials, and medical apps. Conclusion: As the count of users for educational resources available over the Internet is uprising, now, it is vital to generate evidence-based systems which support teaching merits and provide guidance for efficient teaching material available for online learning.","PeriodicalId":32506,"journal":{"name":"Acta Medica International","volume":"364 1","pages":"149 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76755686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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