Suha A. AL-Fakhar, Wifaq M. Ali, Saad Hasan Mohammed Ali, Khalil Ismail A Mohammed, Jinan M. Mousa, Zahraa Mushtag, Nada Nuri Yunis
Objective: This study aimed to assess the avidity of IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in fertile-aged women with a history of abortion. Using the recomLine Toxoplasma IgG Avidity kit, the research investigated the relationship between antibody avidity, T. gondii antigens (GRA1 and SAG1), and the number of abortions to enhance understanding of infection dynamics in this population. Methods : Forty (40)fertile aged women (18-37years) with history of abortion and had positive results of IgG Abs by minividus form October 2021 to April 2022 ,Kit of recomLine Toxoplasma IgG Avidity form Mikrogen /Germany,item No.11010, was used ,which is a qualitative in vitro test for the determination the avidity of IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in human serum or plasma. Results: Phase II of toxoplasmosis was positive of antibodies against different antigens detected by recomLine assay, no other significant relation was observed. Also, that there was no significant relation between the period of infection and avidity of IgG –Abs against different antigens of T.gondii detected by recomLine test. In addition The results showed that there was a significant relation between of the number of abortions to GRA1-antigen (P=0.012) and SAG1-antigen (P=0.003) . Conclusion: There was a significant relation between of the number of abortions to GRA1 and SAG1-antigens detected by recomLine assay ,where increase in the positive results with the increase in the number of abortions.
{"title":"Antigenic markers of T. gondii for chronic forms of toxoplasmosis in fertility age women","authors":"Suha A. AL-Fakhar, Wifaq M. Ali, Saad Hasan Mohammed Ali, Khalil Ismail A Mohammed, Jinan M. Mousa, Zahraa Mushtag, Nada Nuri Yunis","doi":"10.22317/imj.v8i1.1267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/imj.v8i1.1267","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to assess the avidity of IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in fertile-aged women with a history of abortion. Using the recomLine Toxoplasma IgG Avidity kit, the research investigated the relationship between antibody avidity, T. gondii antigens (GRA1 and SAG1), and the number of abortions to enhance understanding of infection dynamics in this population. \u0000Methods : Forty (40)fertile aged women (18-37years) with history of abortion and had positive results of IgG Abs by minividus form October 2021 to April 2022 ,Kit of recomLine Toxoplasma IgG Avidity form Mikrogen /Germany,item No.11010, was used ,which is a qualitative in vitro test for the determination the avidity of IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in human serum or plasma. \u0000Results: Phase II of toxoplasmosis was positive of antibodies against different antigens detected by recomLine assay, no other significant relation was observed. Also, that there was no significant relation between the period of infection and avidity of IgG –Abs against different antigens of T.gondii detected by recomLine test. In addition The results showed that there was a significant relation between of the number of abortions to GRA1-antigen (P=0.012) and SAG1-antigen (P=0.003) . \u0000Conclusion: There was a significant relation between of the number of abortions to GRA1 and SAG1-antigens detected by recomLine assay ,where increase in the positive results with the increase in the number of abortions.","PeriodicalId":32555,"journal":{"name":"Iraq Medical Journal","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140374357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sajjan Iqbal Memon, Misbah Shakeel, Hafsa Syed, Kinza Amin, Aya A Khalil, Maryam Sulaiman
Objectives: This review is aimed to examine polycystic ovary syndrome, its prevalence, pathophysiology, risk factors, and viable management options. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across prominent databases, including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. We included English-language articles published between 1990 and 2021. The search strategy involved utilizing keywords such as "polycystic ovary syndrome," "prevalence," "risk factors," "PCOS management," "diet and PCOS," "physical activity," and ‘’exercise effects’’ We thoroughly reviewed the selected studies to identify literature trends and correlations through data synthesis. Results: The findings from 45 full-text articles has indicated that the prevalence rates of PCOS have been found to range among many groups, as evidenced by several studies. Several studies have identified genetics, insulin resistance, and obesity as significant risk factors associated with the development of this condition. The study also revealed that lifestyle factors, specifically nutrition and physical exercise, exerted an impact on insulin sensitivity, weight regulation, and reproductive health among women diagnosed with PCOS. The implementation of interventions aimed at promoting healthier lifestyle choices has favorable results in the management of symptoms associated with PCOS. Conclusion: It is imperative to incorporate lifestyle modifications that encompass a well-balanced nutritional plan and consistent physical activity. Public health interventions that prioritize raising awareness and implementing targeted strategies have the potential to empower women, enabling them to make healthier lifestyle choices. This, in turn, can help reduce the adverse effects of PCOS on their general well-being.
{"title":"Prevalence, Risk Factors and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Review with Current Evidence","authors":"Sajjan Iqbal Memon, Misbah Shakeel, Hafsa Syed, Kinza Amin, Aya A Khalil, Maryam Sulaiman","doi":"10.22317/imj.v8i1.1268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/imj.v8i1.1268","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This review is aimed to examine polycystic ovary syndrome, its prevalence, pathophysiology, risk factors, and viable management options.\u0000Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across prominent databases, including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. We included English-language articles published between 1990 and 2021. The search strategy involved utilizing keywords such as \"polycystic ovary syndrome,\" \"prevalence,\" \"risk factors,\" \"PCOS management,\" \"diet and PCOS,\" \"physical activity,\" and ‘’exercise effects’’ We thoroughly reviewed the selected studies to identify literature trends and correlations through data synthesis.\u0000Results: The findings from 45 full-text articles has indicated that the prevalence rates of PCOS have been found to range among many groups, as evidenced by several studies. Several studies have identified genetics, insulin resistance, and obesity as significant risk factors associated with the development of this condition. The study also revealed that lifestyle factors, specifically nutrition and physical exercise, exerted an impact on insulin sensitivity, weight regulation, and reproductive health among women diagnosed with PCOS. The implementation of interventions aimed at promoting healthier lifestyle choices has favorable results in the management of symptoms associated with PCOS.\u0000Conclusion: It is imperative to incorporate lifestyle modifications that encompass a well-balanced nutritional plan and consistent physical activity. Public health interventions that prioritize raising awareness and implementing targeted strategies have the potential to empower women, enabling them to make healthier lifestyle choices. This, in turn, can help reduce the adverse effects of PCOS on their general well-being.","PeriodicalId":32555,"journal":{"name":"Iraq Medical Journal","volume":"14 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140374575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This study aimed to compare serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 levels on cycle day 2 among poor ovarian responders, age-matched normal responders, and high responders undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). The investigation sought to understand the potential correlation between IGF-1 levels and ovarian response, with a focus on advanced maternal age and poor ovarian response. Methods: Conducted at the High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Baghdad, this clinical experiment involved 30 infertile individuals. The primary outcome measures included Cycle Day 2 IGF-1 serum levels, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, antral follicle count (AFC), and retrieved oocytes. Secondary outcomes comprised intrauterine pregnancy, live birth, unfavorable pregnancy outcomes, oocyte maturation, and fertilization. Participants were categorized based on antral follicle count: Group 1 (≤3 AFC) and Group 2 (4 to 10 AFC). Results: In participants with usual responses, 72.5% had 4-10 AFC, while poor responders had ≤3 AFC in 27.5% of cases. Poor responders exhibited higher mean ages, lower mean AMH, and higher mean IGF-1 levels. However, poor responders and normal responders showed similar mean FSH levels. Female age positively correlated with FSH and IGF-1, while negatively correlating with AMH. The study also indicated negative correlations between female AMH, FSH, and IGF-1, along with a positive correlation between IGF-1 and FSH. Conclusion: The findings suggest that FSH, AMH, and IGF-1 readings in fertility-assessed women can serve as indicators of ovarian age and reserve. The observed correlations with age imply a diminishing ovarian function. This study contributes valuable insights into the relationship between serum IGF-1 levels, ovarian response, and aging, particularly in the context of poor ovarian responders undergoing IVF.
{"title":"Cycle day 2 serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 as a prognostic indicator for poor responders to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation","authors":"Rafraf Jaafar Hamad Witwit, Fadia J Alizzi, Lubna Amer Al-Anbari, Huda Ali Hussaini","doi":"10.22317/imj.v8i1.1266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/imj.v8i1.1266","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Objective: This study aimed to compare serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 levels on cycle day 2 among poor ovarian responders, age-matched normal responders, and high responders undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). The investigation sought to understand the potential correlation between IGF-1 levels and ovarian response, with a focus on advanced maternal age and poor ovarian response. \u0000Methods: Conducted at the High Institute of Infertility Diagnosis and Assisted Reproductive Technologies in Baghdad, this clinical experiment involved 30 infertile individuals. The primary outcome measures included Cycle Day 2 IGF-1 serum levels, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, antral follicle count (AFC), and retrieved oocytes. Secondary outcomes comprised intrauterine pregnancy, live birth, unfavorable pregnancy outcomes, oocyte maturation, and fertilization. Participants were categorized based on antral follicle count: Group 1 (≤3 AFC) and Group 2 (4 to 10 AFC). \u0000Results: In participants with usual responses, 72.5% had 4-10 AFC, while poor responders had ≤3 AFC in 27.5% of cases. Poor responders exhibited higher mean ages, lower mean AMH, and higher mean IGF-1 levels. However, poor responders and normal responders showed similar mean FSH levels. Female age positively correlated with FSH and IGF-1, while negatively correlating with AMH. The study also indicated negative correlations between female AMH, FSH, and IGF-1, along with a positive correlation between IGF-1 and FSH. \u0000Conclusion: The findings suggest that FSH, AMH, and IGF-1 readings in fertility-assessed women can serve as indicators of ovarian age and reserve. The observed correlations with age imply a diminishing ovarian function. This study contributes valuable insights into the relationship between serum IGF-1 levels, ovarian response, and aging, particularly in the context of poor ovarian responders undergoing IVF. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":32555,"journal":{"name":"Iraq Medical Journal","volume":"63 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140376319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This study aoimed to assess STIGMA's effect and knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccine on COVID-19 vaccination. Methods: The research design is cross-sectionall with consecutive non-random sampling. The method used is a questionnaire-based survey given online. The questionnaire included respondent characteristics, history of COVID-19 vaccination, stigma, and factors that influenced the COVID-19 vaccination. The data were exported from the Google form to Microsoft Excel version 16.57 for cleaning and coding, and analysis with SPSS 25.0. Variables were analyzed using the chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests (95% confidence level and p-value 5%). Correlation using the Spearman test (r is significant if > 0.001) and the odds ratio (OR) of the two variables. Results: The study was attended by 291 respondents aged 15-59 years, 51.9% worked in the health sector, and 48.1% were the general public. Perception regarding knowledge of COVID-19 shows that 79.7% know and 20.3% don't know. 95.5% of respondents knew about the COVID-19 vaccine program, and the remaining 4.9% did not know. Respondents who had received vaccinations were 97.3%, and 2.7% had not been vaccinated. Factors related to the STIGMA of the COVID-19 vaccine were work in the health sector (p=0.001, r=0.200), knowledge of COVID-19 (p=0.001, r=0.195), and knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccine program (p=0.000, r= 0.221). Factors related to receiving vaccinations were knowing the COVID-19 vaccine program (p=0.000, r=0.574) and the STIGMA of the COVID-19 vaccine (p=0.000, r=0.225) Conclusion: Implementing the vaccination program will be successful if the community has good knowledge about vaccines and does not have a STIGMA for vaccines.
{"title":"STIGMA and knowledge of COVID 19 vaccines affect the COVID 19 vaccination in Indonesia","authors":"Husnun Amalia, N. Hairunisa, Nashita Amira Zaina, Yasmine Mashabi, Laila Musfirah, Isra Sabrina, Emad Yousif","doi":"10.22317/imj.v8i1.1269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/imj.v8i1.1269","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aoimed to assess STIGMA's effect and knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccine on COVID-19 vaccination.\u0000Methods: The research design is cross-sectionall with consecutive non-random sampling. The method used is a questionnaire-based survey given online. The questionnaire included respondent characteristics, history of COVID-19 vaccination, stigma, and factors that influenced the COVID-19 vaccination. The data were exported from the Google form to Microsoft Excel version 16.57 for cleaning and coding, and analysis with SPSS 25.0. Variables were analyzed using the chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests (95% confidence level and p-value 5%). Correlation using the Spearman test (r is significant if > 0.001) and the odds ratio (OR) of the two variables.\u0000Results: The study was attended by 291 respondents aged 15-59 years, 51.9% worked in the health sector, and 48.1% were the general public. Perception regarding knowledge of COVID-19 shows that 79.7% know and 20.3% don't know. 95.5% of respondents knew about the COVID-19 vaccine program, and the remaining 4.9% did not know. Respondents who had received vaccinations were 97.3%, and 2.7% had not been vaccinated. Factors related to the STIGMA of the COVID-19 vaccine were work in the health sector (p=0.001, r=0.200), knowledge of COVID-19 (p=0.001, r=0.195), and knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccine program (p=0.000, r= 0.221). Factors related to receiving vaccinations were knowing the COVID-19 vaccine program (p=0.000, r=0.574) and the STIGMA of the COVID-19 vaccine (p=0.000, r=0.225)\u0000Conclusion: Implementing the vaccination program will be successful if the community has good knowledge about vaccines and does not have a STIGMA for vaccines.","PeriodicalId":32555,"journal":{"name":"Iraq Medical Journal","volume":"95 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140377324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This study included investigating the quality and prevalence of external and internal (intestinal) parasites among children in various regions at Dhi Qar government. The current study also aimed to focus on and find out the relationship between pinworm infection and appendicitis. Methods: The study was conducted during the period between February and July in the year 2023. The study included 100 patients infected with one or more types of ecto or intestinal parasites of both sexes, their ages ranged from 5 to 12 years. A clinical examination was performed for them by a pediatrician and they were sent to the laboratory to conduct the necessary laboratory tests. Results: The current study revealed that a number of parasitic infections, whether external or internal, are associated with anemia and malnutrition in children, in addition to poor psychological condition. Some cases of parasitic worms, especially pinworms, were associated with acute appendicitis. A number of histopathological changes were found after examining the excised organ histologically These changes included necrosis of the sub mucosal layer, erosion of the mucosal lining, and an abundance of fibroblasts in the muscle and serum layers. Conclusion: Acute appendicitis due to E. vermicularis is a very rare occurrence. The histopathological analysis of resected specimens should pay special attention to search for this parasite for adequate post-operative treatment of patients.
{"title":"Study of the most prevalent parasitic diseases especially pinworm among children aged (5-12years) in various areas of Dhi Qar Governorate","authors":"Mahmood Razzaq Mashar Askar","doi":"10.22317/imj.v8i1.1272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/imj.v8i1.1272","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study included investigating the quality and prevalence of external and internal (intestinal) parasites among children in various regions at Dhi Qar government. The current study also aimed to focus on and find out the relationship between pinworm infection and appendicitis. \u0000Methods: The study was conducted during the period between February and July in the year 2023. The study included 100 patients infected with one or more types of ecto or intestinal parasites of both sexes, their ages ranged from 5 to 12 years. A clinical examination was performed for them by a pediatrician and they were sent to the laboratory to conduct the necessary laboratory tests. \u0000Results: The current study revealed that a number of parasitic infections, whether external or internal, are associated with anemia and malnutrition in children, in addition to poor psychological condition. Some cases of parasitic worms, especially pinworms, were associated with acute appendicitis. A number of histopathological changes were found after examining the excised organ histologically These changes included necrosis of the sub mucosal layer, erosion of the mucosal lining, and an abundance of fibroblasts in the muscle and serum layers. \u0000Conclusion: Acute appendicitis due to E. vermicularis is a very rare occurrence. The histopathological analysis of resected specimens should pay special attention to search for this parasite for adequate post-operative treatment of patients.","PeriodicalId":32555,"journal":{"name":"Iraq Medical Journal","volume":"52 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140376608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haneen Saeed Muhsen Al-Mosawei, Hanaa Addai Ali Al-Sultani, F. J. Al-Tu’ma
Objectives: The aim of the presented study is to evaluate the discriminative ability of vitamin K markers for predicting, monitoring, and a prognosis of severity patients of Covid -19 . Methods: In this case-control study, a maximum of sixty patients (30–50 years old) were included. The patients' diagnoses were made using quantitative RT-PCR and a chest X-ray or CT scan performed seven to thirteen days after the onset of symptoms. Murray ratings were utilized to categorize COVID-19 patients based on the severity of their illness. (60) individuals of the same age and gender who appeared to be in good health were included in this study as a control group in order to compare the outcomes. The measurement of serum vitamin K was applied to all patients and healthy individuals. Results: The group of COVID-19 patients had a lower serum vitamin K level (612.32 ± 106.76 vs. 1198.95 ± 151.59 ng/ml, p = 0.0001) than the healthy control group. Furthermore, we discovered a negative correlation between serum vitamin K levels and COVID-19. Conclusion: The current findings showed that, when compared to healthy controls, patients with COVID-19 had decreased vitamin K levels, particularly in severe cases. These low levels suggest that COVID-19 patients may be more likely to die. These results imply that vitamin K may be involved in the COVID-19 disease processes.
研究目的本研究旨在评估维生素 K 标志物在预测、监测和预后严重 Covid -19 患者方面的鉴别能力。研究方法：在这项病例对照研究中，最多纳入了 60 名患者（30-50 岁）。患者的诊断是通过定量 RT-PCR 和发病后七到十三天的胸部 X 光或 CT 扫描做出的。根据病情严重程度，对 COVID-19 患者进行了默里评分。(为了比较结果，本研究还将 60 名年龄和性别相同、健康状况良好的患者作为对照组。对所有患者和健康人都进行了血清维生素 K 的测量。结果与健康对照组相比，COVID-19 患者的血清维生素 K 水平较低（612.32 ± 106.76 vs. 1198.95 ± 151.59 ng/ml，p = 0.0001）。此外，我们还发现血清维生素 K 水平与 COVID-19 呈负相关。结论目前的研究结果表明，与健康对照组相比，COVID-19 患者的维生素 K 水平有所下降，尤其是重症患者。这些低水平表明，COVID-19 患者可能更容易死亡。这些结果表明，维生素 K 可能与 COVID-19 疾病过程有关。
{"title":"Serum Level of Vitamin K as Predicts Mortality in Iraqi COVID-19 Patients","authors":"Haneen Saeed Muhsen Al-Mosawei, Hanaa Addai Ali Al-Sultani, F. J. Al-Tu’ma","doi":"10.22317/imj.v8i1.1273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/imj.v8i1.1273","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of the presented study is to evaluate the discriminative ability of vitamin K markers for predicting, monitoring, and a prognosis of severity patients of Covid -19 . \u0000Methods: In this case-control study, a maximum of sixty patients (30–50 years old) were included. The patients' diagnoses were made using quantitative RT-PCR and a chest X-ray or CT scan performed seven to thirteen days after the onset of symptoms. Murray ratings were utilized to categorize COVID-19 patients based on the severity of their illness. (60) individuals of the same age and gender who appeared to be in good health were included in this study as a control group in order to compare the outcomes. The measurement of serum vitamin K was applied to all patients and healthy individuals. \u0000Results: The group of COVID-19 patients had a lower serum vitamin K level (612.32 ± 106.76 vs. 1198.95 ± 151.59 ng/ml, p = 0.0001) than the healthy control group. Furthermore, we discovered a negative correlation between serum vitamin K levels and COVID-19. \u0000Conclusion: The current findings showed that, when compared to healthy controls, patients with COVID-19 had decreased vitamin K levels, particularly in severe cases. These low levels suggest that COVID-19 patients may be more likely to die. These results imply that vitamin K may be involved in the COVID-19 disease processes.","PeriodicalId":32555,"journal":{"name":"Iraq Medical Journal","volume":"52 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140376393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. A. Aasim, I.Raj Kumar Reddy, Kayyam Kiran, N. Trivikram, J.Rohith Varma
Aim: To evaluate the haemodynamic stress response in combination of lidocaine and esmolol versus lidocaine or esmolol alone during laryngoscopy and intubation Methods: This research comprised 60 patients who provided written permission and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Selected patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups based on a computer-generated random number: lignocaine 1.5 mg/kg (n=40), esmolol 2mg/kg (n=40), or lignocaine 1mg/kg and esmolol 1mg/kg (n=40). This research comprised patients aged 20 to 42 who had elective procedures under general anaesthetic and had ASA I and II. Patients with contraindications to beta blockers, such as bronchial asthma, COPD, a basal heart rate of 60 beats per minute, respiratory impairment, and documented reactions to local anaesthetics. Results: There were no significant variations in age, preoperative heart rate, or blood pressure between the groups. Males and females were approximately equally dispersed throughout all groupings. Following the delivery of the test medicines, all three groups saw a substantial drop in heart rate (Group E 61.23±3.64, Group L 73.25±5.36, Group LE 72.23±5.36) (p<0.001). Four Group E patients developed bradycardia. (HR <60). Although both Group LE and Group L showed near baseline values, Group L showed near baseline values until the third minute, whereas Group LE showed a continuous reduction in heart rate rates. After 30 minutes, all three groups' heart rates were statistically insignificant. Following induction and administration of the test medicines, systolic, diastolic, and hence mean arterial blood pressure lowers gradually in all three groups (p<0.001). (This is for systolic blood pressure.). Group E 97.36±5.69, Group L 125.39±6.36, Group LE 116.78±4.78) Group E 60.034.69, Group L 82.935.36, Group LE 72.034.78) (Group E 72.10±3.69, Group L 96.90±3.85, Group LE 86.44±2.87) Before intubation, patients in Group E experienced substantial decreases in systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure (less than 20% of baseline). Following intubation, blood pressure levels in Group LE were near baseline until the 30th minute (p<0.001). Group E had a consistent fall in all three blood pressure readings following intubation until the fifth minute. Group E's blood pressures were likewise around baseline at the 15th and 30th minutes. Until the 15th minute, Group L had a considerable rise in all three blood pressures. Conclusion: As a result, esmolol and lidocaine together are a safe and effective strategy to minimise laryngoscopy responses to intubation and extubation, lowering myocardial oxygen consumption and the risk of myocardial ischemia under general anaesthesia.
{"title":"Lidocaine, Esmolol, and Beyond: A Comprehensive Analysis of Hemodynamic Stress during Laryngoscopy and Intubation","authors":"S. A. Aasim, I.Raj Kumar Reddy, Kayyam Kiran, N. Trivikram, J.Rohith Varma","doi":"10.22317/imj.v7i4.1265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/imj.v7i4.1265","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate the haemodynamic stress response in combination of lidocaine and esmolol versus lidocaine or esmolol alone during laryngoscopy and intubation\u0000Methods: This research comprised 60 patients who provided written permission and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Selected patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups based on a computer-generated random number: lignocaine 1.5 mg/kg (n=40), esmolol 2mg/kg (n=40), or lignocaine 1mg/kg and esmolol 1mg/kg (n=40). This research comprised patients aged 20 to 42 who had elective procedures under general anaesthetic and had ASA I and II. Patients with contraindications to beta blockers, such as bronchial asthma, COPD, a basal heart rate of 60 beats per minute, respiratory impairment, and documented reactions to local anaesthetics.\u0000Results: There were no significant variations in age, preoperative heart rate, or blood pressure between the groups. Males and females were approximately equally dispersed throughout all groupings. Following the delivery of the test medicines, all three groups saw a substantial drop in heart rate (Group E 61.23±3.64, Group L 73.25±5.36, Group LE 72.23±5.36) (p<0.001). Four Group E patients developed bradycardia. (HR <60). Although both Group LE and Group L showed near baseline values, Group L showed near baseline values until the third minute, whereas Group LE showed a continuous reduction in heart rate rates. After 30 minutes, all three groups' heart rates were statistically insignificant. Following induction and administration of the test medicines, systolic, diastolic, and hence mean arterial blood pressure lowers gradually in all three groups (p<0.001). (This is for systolic blood pressure.). Group E 97.36±5.69, Group L 125.39±6.36, Group LE 116.78±4.78) Group E 60.034.69, Group L 82.935.36, Group LE 72.034.78) (Group E 72.10±3.69, Group L 96.90±3.85, Group LE 86.44±2.87) Before intubation, patients in Group E experienced substantial decreases in systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure (less than 20% of baseline). Following intubation, blood pressure levels in Group LE were near baseline until the 30th minute (p<0.001). Group E had a consistent fall in all three blood pressure readings following intubation until the fifth minute. Group E's blood pressures were likewise around baseline at the 15th and 30th minutes. Until the 15th minute, Group L had a considerable rise in all three blood pressures.\u0000Conclusion: As a result, esmolol and lidocaine together are a safe and effective strategy to minimise laryngoscopy responses to intubation and extubation, lowering myocardial oxygen consumption and the risk of myocardial ischemia under general anaesthesia.","PeriodicalId":32555,"journal":{"name":"Iraq Medical Journal","volume":"42 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139451741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To determine the role of transvaginal ultrasonography in the preoperative staging of uterine cancer. Methods: The research included 110 women who had been diagnosed with endometrial malignancy by histological confirmation, whichwas achieved through procedures such as dilation and curettage, hysteroscopy, or endometrial biopsy. Additionally, women who had ahigh suspicion of endometrial malignancy based on imaging results and were scheduled for surgery as their main therapy were alsoeligible to participate in the study. Results: A total of 110 individuals satisfied the criteria for inclusion in the research, with an average age of 49.89 ± 2.99 years. In relation to the extent of myometrial invasion, our study yielded sensitivity rates of 81%, 81%, and 69% for the subjective, Gordon, and Karlssontechniques, respectively. The corresponding specificity rates were found to be 67%, 60%, and 81% for the same approaches. The subjective, Gordon, and Karlsson techniques yielded corresponding overall accuracies of 74%, 70%, and 75%. The use of contrast-enhanced MRI yielded a sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of 94%, 72%, and 84%, respectively, in the assessment of myometrial invasion. In the assessment of cervical stromal invasion, the ultrasound subjective technique showed a sensitivity of 33% and a specificity of 99%. On the other hand, the objective method yielded a sensitivity of 52% and a specificity of 92%. The total accuracy for both methods was determined to be 90% and 83% respectively. The use of contrast-enhanced MRI yielded a sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of 69%, 100%, and 96% respectively in detecting cervical involvement. Conclusion: We concluded that the utilisation of pelvic ultrasound in the preoperative staging of endometrial cancer holds significantvalue. It demonstrates a notable sensitivity in evaluating myometrial invasion, exhibiting a reasonable to moderate level of concordancewith MRI. Furthermore, it exhibits a superior, albeit still moderate, level of agreement with MRI in assessing cervical invasion.
{"title":"Advancing Uterine Cancer Care: Transvaginal Ultrasonography in Preoperative Staging Analysis","authors":"Kanamatha Reddy Sujana, Sangam Mani Jyothi, Lingampelly Pranathi","doi":"10.22317/imj.v7i4.1264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/imj.v7i4.1264","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the role of transvaginal ultrasonography in the preoperative staging of uterine cancer.\u0000Methods: The research included 110 women who had been diagnosed with endometrial malignancy by histological confirmation, whichwas achieved through procedures such as dilation and curettage, hysteroscopy, or endometrial biopsy. Additionally, women who had ahigh suspicion of endometrial malignancy based on imaging results and were scheduled for surgery as their main therapy were alsoeligible to participate in the study.\u0000Results: A total of 110 individuals satisfied the criteria for inclusion in the research, with an average age of 49.89 ± 2.99 years. In relation to the extent of myometrial invasion, our study yielded sensitivity rates of 81%, 81%, and 69% for the subjective, Gordon, and Karlssontechniques, respectively. The corresponding specificity rates were found to be 67%, 60%, and 81% for the same approaches. The subjective, Gordon, and Karlsson techniques yielded corresponding overall accuracies of 74%, 70%, and 75%. The use of contrast-enhanced MRI yielded a sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of 94%, 72%, and 84%, respectively, in the assessment of myometrial invasion. In the assessment of cervical stromal invasion, the ultrasound subjective technique showed a sensitivity of 33% and a specificity of 99%. On the other hand, the objective method yielded a sensitivity of 52% and a specificity of 92%. The total accuracy for both methods was determined to be 90% and 83% respectively. The use of contrast-enhanced MRI yielded a sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy of 69%, 100%, and 96% respectively in detecting cervical involvement.\u0000Conclusion: We concluded that the utilisation of pelvic ultrasound in the preoperative staging of endometrial cancer holds significantvalue. It demonstrates a notable sensitivity in evaluating myometrial invasion, exhibiting a reasonable to moderate level of concordancewith MRI. Furthermore, it exhibits a superior, albeit still moderate, level of agreement with MRI in assessing cervical invasion.","PeriodicalId":32555,"journal":{"name":"Iraq Medical Journal","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139450980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This study aimed to identify characteristics, location, cyst stage, and species/genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus s.l. complex in humans from the Kurdistan region, Iraq. Surgical removal of 25 echinococcal cysts from 22 patients in Dohuk and Zakho cities (January 2020 to December 2022) was analyzed. Methods: Characteristics of 22 surgically confirmed cystic echinococcosis (CE) cases, including anatomical site, cyst fertility, and patientdemographics, were examined. Molecular analysis using mitochondrial NAD5 gene confirmed genotypes G1 or G3 of E. granulosus s.s.,indicating sheep–dog–human transmission. Results: Liver (78.6% fertile, 21.4% sterile) and lungs (81.8% fertile, 18.2% sterile) were the most common anatomical sites for CE in females (59.1%) compared to males (40.9%). All analyzed samples belonged to genotypes G1 or G3. No statistically significant correlation was found between genotypes and variables such as fertility, location, and cyst stage. Conclusion: The study underscores the prevalence of genotypes G1 or G3 in the E. granulosus s.l. complex, confirming sheep–dog–human transmission in Kurdistan, Iraq. Recommendations include monitoring and control programs in sheep and dog populations and public health education campaigns to reduce the risk of acquiring CE in humans.
{"title":"Molecular and Immunological Characterization and Incidence Rate of Hydatid Cyst Isolated from Liver and Lungs for Human in Kurdistan Region, Iraq","authors":"Muslim Babawat","doi":"10.22317/imj.v7i4.1256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/imj.v7i4.1256","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to identify characteristics, location, cyst stage, and species/genotypes of Echinococcus granulosus s.l. complex in humans from the Kurdistan region, Iraq. Surgical removal of 25 echinococcal cysts from 22 patients in Dohuk and Zakho cities (January 2020 to December 2022) was analyzed.\u0000Methods: Characteristics of 22 surgically confirmed cystic echinococcosis (CE) cases, including anatomical site, cyst fertility, and patientdemographics, were examined. Molecular analysis using mitochondrial NAD5 gene confirmed genotypes G1 or G3 of E. granulosus s.s.,indicating sheep–dog–human transmission.\u0000Results: Liver (78.6% fertile, 21.4% sterile) and lungs (81.8% fertile, 18.2% sterile) were the most common anatomical sites for CE in females (59.1%) compared to males (40.9%). All analyzed samples belonged to genotypes G1 or G3. No statistically significant correlation was found between genotypes and variables such as fertility, location, and cyst stage.\u0000Conclusion: The study underscores the prevalence of genotypes G1 or G3 in the E. granulosus s.l. complex, confirming sheep–dog–human transmission in Kurdistan, Iraq. Recommendations include monitoring and control programs in sheep and dog populations and public health education campaigns to reduce the risk of acquiring CE in humans.","PeriodicalId":32555,"journal":{"name":"Iraq Medical Journal","volume":"36 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139388770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fahmi M. Salih, Hawro Taha Hamza, Sami Saleem Omar, Hana Rizgar Mohammed Ameen, Rivan H. Isaac, Khursheed Khrwatany, Kakil Ibrahim Rasul
Ameloblastomas (AM) are the most common benign odontogenic tumors with local invasion and high recurrence rates, which generallyoccur in the jawbones. Although most cases occur between ages 20 and 40, AM can still occur in children at a much lower incidence.Ameloblastomas typically exhibit an aggressive nature, with the potential to infiltrate the jawbone and present as a noticeable tumor.1About 1% of oral tumors are found to be ameloblastoma.2 This paper presents a case report of a 40-year-old female diagnosed with a giant ameloblastoma of the left lower mandible who had multiple surgeries done for local recurrences over 15 years duration.
{"title":"Locally Aggressive Case of Ameloblastoma with 15 Years Follow-Up: A Case Report","authors":"Fahmi M. Salih, Hawro Taha Hamza, Sami Saleem Omar, Hana Rizgar Mohammed Ameen, Rivan H. Isaac, Khursheed Khrwatany, Kakil Ibrahim Rasul","doi":"10.22317/imj.v7i4.1260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/imj.v7i4.1260","url":null,"abstract":"Ameloblastomas (AM) are the most common benign odontogenic tumors with local invasion and high recurrence rates, which generallyoccur in the jawbones. Although most cases occur between ages 20 and 40, AM can still occur in children at a much lower incidence.Ameloblastomas typically exhibit an aggressive nature, with the potential to infiltrate the jawbone and present as a noticeable tumor.1About 1% of oral tumors are found to be ameloblastoma.2 This paper presents a case report of a 40-year-old female diagnosed with a giant ameloblastoma of the left lower mandible who had multiple surgeries done for local recurrences over 15 years duration.","PeriodicalId":32555,"journal":{"name":"Iraq Medical Journal","volume":"79 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139388194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：