Pub Date : 2001-11-05DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968128
B. Barker, D. L. Davis, G. P. Smith
There is a growing need for cost-effective tools for quantitative assessment of marine resources in support of better future resource management. Video is one such tool being used by Australian researchers at CSIRO Marine Research (CMR) to enhance their understanding of benthic habitats and community dynamics. This paper discusses the challenge of obtaining accurate measurements from video images. The Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) has been developing quantitative video technology through its program of scientific remotely operated vehicle (ROV) development for a number of years-in particular, the use of laser-referenced imagery and associated software, named "Laser Measure@". Lasers located in a known configuration around the camera and projected into the field-of-view and onto a plane enable the image to be scaled. Recent collaboration between MBARI and CMR has enabled the developer of the "Laser Measure(C)" technology and CMR users to test the methodology and apply it to seafloor images from shelf to mid-slope depths off southeastern Australia, and also to apply aspects of the methodology to existing non-laser referenced imagery obtained in northern Australia. They use both fixed-mount referencing lasers and paired cameras, on a variety of platforms, to determine measurement scale in imagery.
{"title":"The calibration of laser-referenced underwater cameras for quantitative assessment of marine resources","authors":"B. Barker, D. L. Davis, G. P. Smith","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968128","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing need for cost-effective tools for quantitative assessment of marine resources in support of better future resource management. Video is one such tool being used by Australian researchers at CSIRO Marine Research (CMR) to enhance their understanding of benthic habitats and community dynamics. This paper discusses the challenge of obtaining accurate measurements from video images. The Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (MBARI) has been developing quantitative video technology through its program of scientific remotely operated vehicle (ROV) development for a number of years-in particular, the use of laser-referenced imagery and associated software, named \"Laser Measure@\". Lasers located in a known configuration around the camera and projected into the field-of-view and onto a plane enable the image to be scaled. Recent collaboration between MBARI and CMR has enabled the developer of the \"Laser Measure(C)\" technology and CMR users to test the methodology and apply it to seafloor images from shelf to mid-slope depths off southeastern Australia, and also to apply aspects of the methodology to existing non-laser referenced imagery obtained in northern Australia. They use both fixed-mount referencing lasers and paired cameras, on a variety of platforms, to determine measurement scale in imagery.","PeriodicalId":326183,"journal":{"name":"MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129139210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-05DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968410
I. Stevenson, P. Nicholson, L.M. Linnett, S. Morrison
A method is formalised for the analysis of signals containing one or more linear chirps. This is done with a view to aiding in the evaluation of data produced through sub-bottom profiling using Hamming shaped linear chirp pulses in the frequency range of about 1 to 12 kHz. A one dimensional convolution model of the physical process is also developed, and used to demonstrate the range of possibilities open for consideration through use of the outlined technique.
{"title":"A method for the analysis of chirp signals insonifying layered media for sub-bottom profiling","authors":"I. Stevenson, P. Nicholson, L.M. Linnett, S. Morrison","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968410","url":null,"abstract":"A method is formalised for the analysis of signals containing one or more linear chirps. This is done with a view to aiding in the evaluation of data produced through sub-bottom profiling using Hamming shaped linear chirp pulses in the frequency range of about 1 to 12 kHz. A one dimensional convolution model of the physical process is also developed, and used to demonstrate the range of possibilities open for consideration through use of the outlined technique.","PeriodicalId":326183,"journal":{"name":"MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123829146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-05DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968051
P. Wittmann
Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC) Is in the process of transitioning its operational models suite from a Cray C90 shared memory architecture to SGI Origin 2000 (O2K) and Origin 3000 (O3K) distributed memory systems. As part of this transition, the third generation WAVEWATCH III (WW3) wave model is currently being implemented to replace the third generation Wave Model (WAM). WW3 offers several advantages over WAM. For example, WW3 has a third-order accurate wave propagation scheme that reduces the numerical diffusion of swell energy characteristic of the first-order scheme used In WAM. Also, WW3 has been programmed to run efficiently on distributed memory computers. The global Implementation of WW3 was ported to the O2K in December 2000, with atmospheric forcing provided by the FNMOC Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) model. Regional versions of WW3 have also been implemented on the O3K computer in six areas of naval Interest. The wave models were run in parallel two months and the results are compared to wave height measurements. WW3 became operational at FNMOC, replacing WAM, In August of 2001.
船队数值气象和海洋学中心(FNMOC)正在将其操作模型套件从Cray C90共享内存架构过渡到SGI Origin 2000 (O2K)和Origin 3000 (O3K)分布式内存系统。作为这一转变的一部分，第三代WAVEWATCH III (WW3)波模型目前正在实施，以取代第三代波模型(WAM)。与WAM相比，WW3提供了几个优势。例如，WW3具有三阶精确的波传播格式，它减少了WAM中使用的一阶格式的膨胀能量特性的数值扩散。此外，WW3已被编程为在分布式内存计算机上高效运行。第三次世界大战的全球实施在2000年12月被移植到O2K，由FNMOC海军作战全球大气预测系统(NOGAPS)模式提供大气强迫。第三次世界大战的地区版本也在O3K计算机上在六个海军感兴趣的地区实施。波浪模型并行运行了两个月，并将结果与波高测量结果进行了比较。第三次世界大战于2001年8月在FNMOC开始运作，取代了WAM。
{"title":"Implementation of WAVEWATCH III at Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center","authors":"P. Wittmann","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968051","url":null,"abstract":"Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC) Is in the process of transitioning its operational models suite from a Cray C90 shared memory architecture to SGI Origin 2000 (O2K) and Origin 3000 (O3K) distributed memory systems. As part of this transition, the third generation WAVEWATCH III (WW3) wave model is currently being implemented to replace the third generation Wave Model (WAM). WW3 offers several advantages over WAM. For example, WW3 has a third-order accurate wave propagation scheme that reduces the numerical diffusion of swell energy characteristic of the first-order scheme used In WAM. Also, WW3 has been programmed to run efficiently on distributed memory computers. The global Implementation of WW3 was ported to the O2K in December 2000, with atmospheric forcing provided by the FNMOC Navy Operational Global Atmospheric Prediction System (NOGAPS) model. Regional versions of WW3 have also been implemented on the O3K computer in six areas of naval Interest. The wave models were run in parallel two months and the results are compared to wave height measurements. WW3 became operational at FNMOC, replacing WAM, In August of 2001.","PeriodicalId":326183,"journal":{"name":"MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295)","volume":"259 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124247663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-05DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968734
W. Burnett, M. Lambert, H. Dulaiova
The direct discharge of groundwater into the coastal zone has received increased attention in the last few years as it is now recognized that this process represents an important pathway for material transport. Assessing these material fluxes is difficult, as there is no simple means to gauge the water flux. To meet this challenge, a working group established by the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) and the Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ) Project of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program (IGBP) is conducting a series of groundwater discharge assessment intercomparison experiments. Two such experiments have been held to date, one along the Gulf of Mexico coast in Florida (August, 2000) and a second in a coastal plain environment south of Perth, Australia (November/December, 2000). A multi-disciplinary group of investigators made estimates of submarine groundwater discharge based on manual and automated seepage meter measurements, natural isotopic tracers, and hydrogeological modeling approaches. A continuous radon monitor measured radon concentrations in the shallow coastal zones during both experiments. A mass balance approach was used to calculate groundwater inputs into both systems based on these radon measurements. Results suggest good correspondence between geochemical tracers and seepage meters while hydrogeological modeling results appear lower, perhaps because of recirculated seawater, detected via tracers and seepage meters but not accounted for by modeling.
{"title":"Tracing groundwater discharge into the ocean via continuous radon-222 measurements","authors":"W. Burnett, M. Lambert, H. Dulaiova","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968734","url":null,"abstract":"The direct discharge of groundwater into the coastal zone has received increased attention in the last few years as it is now recognized that this process represents an important pathway for material transport. Assessing these material fluxes is difficult, as there is no simple means to gauge the water flux. To meet this challenge, a working group established by the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research (SCOR) and the Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ) Project of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program (IGBP) is conducting a series of groundwater discharge assessment intercomparison experiments. Two such experiments have been held to date, one along the Gulf of Mexico coast in Florida (August, 2000) and a second in a coastal plain environment south of Perth, Australia (November/December, 2000). A multi-disciplinary group of investigators made estimates of submarine groundwater discharge based on manual and automated seepage meter measurements, natural isotopic tracers, and hydrogeological modeling approaches. A continuous radon monitor measured radon concentrations in the shallow coastal zones during both experiments. A mass balance approach was used to calculate groundwater inputs into both systems based on these radon measurements. Results suggest good correspondence between geochemical tracers and seepage meters while hydrogeological modeling results appear lower, perhaps because of recirculated seawater, detected via tracers and seepage meters but not accounted for by modeling.","PeriodicalId":326183,"journal":{"name":"MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123635286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-05DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968672
G. Allen, R. Matthews, M. Wynn
The detection and localization of targets of interest in the very shallow water areas and especially in the surf zone are much more difficult problems than in the deep ocean. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to augment existing fleet sensor capability with additional technology. Furthermore in keeping with Navy policy, it is desirable to remove the diver from harms way. A potential solution is to utilize a small autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) instrumented with both a buried target sonar and the real time tracking gradiometer (RTG). This paper describes the procedures required to successfully place a magnetic gradient sensor array on an AUV. The first step was to magnetically characterize the AUV. This was accomplished by passing the AUV by a stationary RTG and then by externally mounting that RTG at several locations on the AUV which was then placed in simulated at-sea motion on a nonmagnetic three-axis motion table. Analysis of the data revealed that the favored location of a magnetic sensor is near the nose of the vessel and that the initial degradation, in this location, caused by the presence of the powered AUV was 30 dB above sensor noise. The degradation was caused primarily by the vehicle's electrical systems. Initial measurements also revealed the presence of several ferromagnetic components that should be replaced with nonmagnetic equivalents when practical. A detailed plan of magnetic noise mitigation is also presented. It involves several steps for implementation, including the substitution of nonferrous components for ferrous, maximizing the separation between the sensor and magnetic field sources, minimizing current loops and using auxiliary current and magnetic field sensors capable of generating noise-canceling signals.
{"title":"Mitigation of platform generated magnetic noise impressed on a magnetic sensor mounted in an autonomous underwater vehicle","authors":"G. Allen, R. Matthews, M. Wynn","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968672","url":null,"abstract":"The detection and localization of targets of interest in the very shallow water areas and especially in the surf zone are much more difficult problems than in the deep ocean. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to augment existing fleet sensor capability with additional technology. Furthermore in keeping with Navy policy, it is desirable to remove the diver from harms way. A potential solution is to utilize a small autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) instrumented with both a buried target sonar and the real time tracking gradiometer (RTG). This paper describes the procedures required to successfully place a magnetic gradient sensor array on an AUV. The first step was to magnetically characterize the AUV. This was accomplished by passing the AUV by a stationary RTG and then by externally mounting that RTG at several locations on the AUV which was then placed in simulated at-sea motion on a nonmagnetic three-axis motion table. Analysis of the data revealed that the favored location of a magnetic sensor is near the nose of the vessel and that the initial degradation, in this location, caused by the presence of the powered AUV was 30 dB above sensor noise. The degradation was caused primarily by the vehicle's electrical systems. Initial measurements also revealed the presence of several ferromagnetic components that should be replaced with nonmagnetic equivalents when practical. A detailed plan of magnetic noise mitigation is also presented. It involves several steps for implementation, including the substitution of nonferrous components for ferrous, maximizing the separation between the sensor and magnetic field sources, minimizing current loops and using auxiliary current and magnetic field sensors capable of generating noise-canceling signals.","PeriodicalId":326183,"journal":{"name":"MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121280782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-05DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968070
D. Kobayashi, J. Polovina
Computer simulation was used to evaluate mitigation measures for sea turtle take reduction in the Hawaii-based longline fishery. Federal logbook and observer data were merged with high-resolution environmental data to produce generalized additive models of sea turtle take. Various types of seasonal and spatial closures were evaluated as well as possible fishing gear modifications. These results led to the formal adoption of a multifaceted management policy consisting of a seasonal spatial closure of the fishery south of 15/spl deg/N during April and May, combined with a gear restriction to prohibit swordfish style fishing in the upper surface layers for the entire fishery.
{"title":"Evaluation of mitigation measures for sea turtle take reduction in the Hawaii-based longline fishery","authors":"D. Kobayashi, J. Polovina","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968070","url":null,"abstract":"Computer simulation was used to evaluate mitigation measures for sea turtle take reduction in the Hawaii-based longline fishery. Federal logbook and observer data were merged with high-resolution environmental data to produce generalized additive models of sea turtle take. Various types of seasonal and spatial closures were evaluated as well as possible fishing gear modifications. These results led to the formal adoption of a multifaceted management policy consisting of a seasonal spatial closure of the fishery south of 15/spl deg/N during April and May, combined with a gear restriction to prohibit swordfish style fishing in the upper surface layers for the entire fishery.","PeriodicalId":326183,"journal":{"name":"MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295)","volume":"248 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121427299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-05DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968790
J. Zande, D. Michel, S. Butcher, D. Sullivan
The Marine Advanced Technology Education (MATE) Center and the Marine Technology Society's (MTS) Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) Committee are organizing an ROV design and building competition for high school and college students. The goals of the competition are to increase the awareness of marine technical fields and to encourage students to participate in them, while also helping students develop the skills necessary for careers in marine science and technology. Employers-industry, government agencies, and research organizations-are being asked to become involved in the event by sponsoring the competing schools and colleges.
{"title":"Promoting awareness of marine technology: an ROV building competition for high school and college students","authors":"J. Zande, D. Michel, S. Butcher, D. Sullivan","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968790","url":null,"abstract":"The Marine Advanced Technology Education (MATE) Center and the Marine Technology Society's (MTS) Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) Committee are organizing an ROV design and building competition for high school and college students. The goals of the competition are to increase the awareness of marine technical fields and to encourage students to participate in them, while also helping students develop the skills necessary for careers in marine science and technology. Employers-industry, government agencies, and research organizations-are being asked to become involved in the event by sponsoring the competing schools and colleges.","PeriodicalId":326183,"journal":{"name":"MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295)","volume":"519 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116252866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-05DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968386
Fiorello Cavallini, Daniele Maffei, Ramiro dell’Erba, I. B. Ackground
The MEditerranean Lagrangian Buoy Appliance project (MELBA) is a project oriented towards the realisation of an instrument (buoy) for the Mediterranean area, which presents restricted spatial dimensions in many cases associated with a high variability of sea depth. The dynamics of the body-of-water flux, in the Mediterranean area, is affected by the deep-sea and coastal line variability. The MELBA project is the realisation of a profiling drifter, dedicated to the Mediterranean environment. The control system takes into account long and medium term missions, but also very short, repetitive, coastal missions that are dedicated to biological, ecological or anti-pollution studies. The carrier is formed by a pressure hull containing the instrumentation, an engine for vertical motion, and an electronic control system for the mission handling and for the emergency system. The carrier is the base system for all missions. The only variation is the sensors and the relative data acquisition system for the specific mission. The communication system is a two-way satellite channel. The Global Position System (GPS) is used for the data geo-reference and to have the exact buoy position for all acquisition and transmission of data.
{"title":"MELBA MEditerranean Lagrangian Buoy Appliance","authors":"Fiorello Cavallini, Daniele Maffei, Ramiro dell’Erba, I. B. Ackground","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968386","url":null,"abstract":"The MEditerranean Lagrangian Buoy Appliance project (MELBA) is a project oriented towards the realisation of an instrument (buoy) for the Mediterranean area, which presents restricted spatial dimensions in many cases associated with a high variability of sea depth. The dynamics of the body-of-water flux, in the Mediterranean area, is affected by the deep-sea and coastal line variability. The MELBA project is the realisation of a profiling drifter, dedicated to the Mediterranean environment. The control system takes into account long and medium term missions, but also very short, repetitive, coastal missions that are dedicated to biological, ecological or anti-pollution studies. The carrier is formed by a pressure hull containing the instrumentation, an engine for vertical motion, and an electronic control system for the mission handling and for the emergency system. The carrier is the base system for all missions. The only variation is the sensors and the relative data acquisition system for the specific mission. The communication system is a two-way satellite channel. The Global Position System (GPS) is used for the data geo-reference and to have the exact buoy position for all acquisition and transmission of data.","PeriodicalId":326183,"journal":{"name":"MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295)","volume":"289 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113982744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-05DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968741
L.B. Hutto
This paper reviews the current science of shipboard waste management techniques and technologies for solid wastes (plastic, metal, glass, food waste, and paper products) and liquid wastes (sewage, bilgewater, and ballast water).
{"title":"A comprehensive guide to shipboard waste management options","authors":"L.B. Hutto","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968741","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews the current science of shipboard waste management techniques and technologies for solid wastes (plastic, metal, glass, food waste, and paper products) and liquid wastes (sewage, bilgewater, and ballast water).","PeriodicalId":326183,"journal":{"name":"MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125660201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-11-05DOI: 10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968409
Kazuhiko Yamamoto, M. Iwamoto, T. Kirimoto
This paper develops a new algorithm to calculate the reference inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) images of candidate targets for ship target recognition. To make reference images, cross range aids defined by the target's unknown angle velocity vector must be estimated for projection of reflectivity on the candidate targets to the range-Doppler plane. To estimate cross range axis, we extract the centerline and the Doppler width of the ship target from the observed ISAR image. By using these information and the relation between the direction vector of the straight line in the space and the ISAR image formulated in this paper, the cross range vector can be estimated for each candidate target. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by using simulated targets.
{"title":"A new algorithm to calculate the reference image of ship targets for ATR using ISAR","authors":"Kazuhiko Yamamoto, M. Iwamoto, T. Kirimoto","doi":"10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968409","url":null,"abstract":"This paper develops a new algorithm to calculate the reference inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) images of candidate targets for ship target recognition. To make reference images, cross range aids defined by the target's unknown angle velocity vector must be estimated for projection of reflectivity on the candidate targets to the range-Doppler plane. To estimate cross range axis, we extract the centerline and the Doppler width of the ship target from the observed ISAR image. By using these information and the relation between the direction vector of the straight line in the space and the ISAR image formulated in this paper, the cross range vector can be estimated for each candidate target. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is evaluated by using simulated targets.","PeriodicalId":326183,"journal":{"name":"MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.01CH37295)","volume":"513 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122213981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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