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Ezikov Svyat volume 19 issue 3最新文献

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POSTFEMINISM
Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-287-588-4_100824
Amelia Licheva
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引用次数: 15
PROVERBS AND PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN IVAN VAZOV’S NOVEL “UNDER THE YOKE” AND THEIR RENDERING INTO ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN 伊凡·瓦佐夫小说《轭下》中的谚语和短语单元及其英、俄翻译
Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v19i3.5
Mariya Bagasheva
The paper examines the use of proverbs and phraseological units in Ivan Vazov's novel “Under the Yoke” and their rendering in the English and Russian translations of the novel. It studies the specifics of proverbs and the types of phraseological units as well as similes which have been excerpted from the English and Russian translations of thenovel. The approaches of their rendering in these languages and the explanation of the reasons for their absence (if any) in the translation are also discussed. The paper focuses on the difficulties a translator may have when translating proverbs andphraseological units into another language. This is because these linguistic elements reflect a people’s life – their cultural, social, historical development, which poses a serious challenge for a translator to find an equivalent in a language quite different from the one in study. The study tries to discuss the most appropriate approaches a translator into English and Russian may use so as to render the specific meaning of the proverb, phraseological unit or simile without losing their “native flavor”.The theoretical framework is mainly based on the study of realias (or "non-equivalent vocabulary") by S. Vlahov and S. Florin in their book "The Untranslatable in Translation".
本文考察了伊凡·瓦佐夫小说《轭下》中谚语和短语单位的使用及其在英、俄译本中的翻译。研究了从小说英、俄译本中节选的谚语的特点、词组单位的类型以及明喻。本文还讨论了它们在这些语言中的翻译方法,并解释了它们在翻译中没有出现的原因。本文着重讨论了谚语和短语单位在翻译成另一种语言时可能遇到的困难。这是因为这些语言元素反映了一个民族的生活——他们的文化、社会、历史发展,这给译者在与研究对象截然不同的语言中找到对应的语言提出了严峻的挑战。本文试图探讨英、俄两种语言的翻译应采用哪些最恰当的翻译方法,既能使谚语、词组单位或明喻的具体含义呈现出来,又不失其“乡土气息”。理论框架主要基于S. Vlahov和S. Florin在《翻译中的不可译性》一书中对现实词汇(即“非对等词汇”)的研究。
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引用次数: 0
“THE PERIPHERY – THE PLACE THAT REVEALS THE FUTURE” (BETWEEN THE EAST AND THE WEST – BOUNDARIES AND IDENTITIES) “边缘——揭示未来的地方”(在东西之间——边界和身份)
Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v19i3.12
Magdalena Kostova-Panayotova
The study was inspired by several key ideas essential to the contemporary literary situation – times of testing literary studies, when outside the debate on the sustainability and content of the established forms of literary research, the constant subordination of culture in its entirety to the market laws is associated with the perpetual encroachment on the humanities and with the implicitly declining importance of literature as a cultural phenomenon. We share the idea that the cultures that stay isolated wither away, the cultures that remain confined within themselves deform, and only those cultures that maintain the balance of borrowing and lending tend to be healthy and thriving; hence the insistence on the interaction between the different cultures on the basis of equality and mutual respect. The discussed literary works pose the questions whether multiculturalism is a positive element of modern cosmopolitanism, whether it unites races and cultures in the idea of the hybrid man or it s simply a social propaganda that reinforces the stereotypes about otherness and perpetuates racism, etc. Probably what also unites the characters here is the feeling of loss, as well as the shared grief. Addressing the personal heartache, they talk about things that are universal and continue to move people. The common thing to the two types of culture and the studied works is derived from Homi Bhabha’s idea that both the stories created in the Balkans and the narratives of the cross-cultural writers are part of that model of cultures capable of turning their own marginality into a kind of center.
这项研究的灵感来自于对当代文学形势至关重要的几个关键思想——测试文学研究的时代,当在关于文学研究的既定形式的可持续性和内容的辩论之外,文化整体上对市场规律的不断服从与对人文学科的不断侵蚀以及文学作为一种文化现象的重要性的含蓄下降有关。我们都认为,孤立的文化会消亡,自我封闭的文化会变形,只有那些保持借贷平衡的文化才会健康繁荣;因此,坚持不同文化之间在平等和相互尊重的基础上的互动。所讨论的文学作品提出了多元文化主义是否是现代世界主义的积极因素,它是否在混血人的观念中团结了种族和文化,或者它仅仅是一种社会宣传,加强了对他者的刻板印象,使种族主义永久化,等等。也许将这些人物联系在一起的是失落感,以及共同的悲伤。谈到个人的心痛,他们谈论的事情是普遍的,并继续感动人们。这两种类型的文化和所研究的作品的共同点来自于Homi Bhabha的观点,即在巴尔干地区创作的故事和跨文化作家的叙述都是这种文化模式的一部分,能够将自己的边缘变成一种中心。
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引用次数: 0
ABSTRACT DEVERBAL FORMATIONS WITH BASES OF GREEK ORIGIN 以希腊语为基础的抽象的词性构词
Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v19i3.9
Nataliya SOTIROVA-MILCHEVA
The object of analysis here are the deverbal abstract nouns with roots of Greek origin and Bulgarian suffix. Most of them are motivated by fully adapted verbs borrowed from Greek and of particular interest from the perspective of word formation are the secondary derivatives formed from denominative verbs motivated by Greek nous and adjectives.The transformation of borrowed words into productive bases, which are combined with local word-forming suffixes, is the final stage of the complex process of lexical borrowing, which follows the stage of morphological adaptation of borrowed words, i. e. their grouping into a certain lexical-grammatical type. Many of them have formed large groups of derivatives.Being composed of elements of different languages, the new lexemes are hybrid in nature regarding their word-formation and their separation into a special category reflects the new status of the Greek bases of the borrowings. The hybrid formations of this type are the final result of the assimilation of the Greek loan words into the Bulgarian language, which is why they occupy a specific position in the Bulgarian lexical und. The use of some of them is dialect or archaic, but they all contribute to the enrichment of the vocabulary and the ways of expression in Bulgarian.
本文分析的对象是具有希腊语词根和保加利亚语词根的动词抽象名词。它们大多是由从希腊借来的完全改编的动词所激发的,从构词法的角度来看,特别有趣的是由希腊的名词和形容词所激发的名动词所形成的次衍生词。外来词转化为生产基,并与局部构词后缀相结合,是复杂的词汇借用过程的最后一个阶段,这一阶段是继外来词的形态适应阶段,即外来词归类为一定的词汇语法类型之后。其中许多已经形成了庞大的衍生品集团。新词汇是由不同语言的元素组成的,在构词法上具有混合性质,它们的特殊分类反映了借词的希腊词基的新地位。这种类型的混合形式是希腊借词同化到保加利亚语的最终结果,这就是为什么它们在保加利亚语词汇中占据特定位置的原因。其中一些是方言或古语,但它们都有助于丰富保加利亚语的词汇和表达方式。
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引用次数: 0
"BALKAN COMEDY" BY BORYU ZEVZEKA - ASPECTS OF THE COMIC 《巴尔干喜剧》由博尤·泽夫泽卡著——喜剧的方方面面
Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v19i3.15
Roman Hadjikosev
The article presents a little-known Bulgarian literary work, the play "Balkan Comedy" by Boris Rumenov (Boryu Zevzeka). It was written during the Balkan Wars (1912-1918) and presents the relations between the Balkan states at that time in an allegorical way. The play is the most popular work of Boris Rumenov, who, before and after the wars, was the editor-in-chief of one of the most successful humorous newspapers in Bulgaria called "Drum". He and Stoyan Shakle, one of Rumenov’s closest friends, who wrote for the newspaper, founded a touring theater. They performed all over the country for years and the most popular play was "Balkan Comedy". During the First World War, the play was performed on all fronts of the Bulgarian army, usually by amateur actors, and it generated incredible enthusiasm and patriotic inspiration, thus enjoying a huge success. "Balkan Comedy" was an essential part of the theatrical performances, which also included songs, sketches, recitations and other popular forms of entertainment. As it reflected the actual historical events, the play was presented in its first three acts until 1918, and after the end of the war, the author added a fourth act, which, however, had a different emphasis from the end of the third one.
本文介绍了一部鲜为人知的保加利亚文学作品,鲍里斯·鲁曼诺夫(Boryu Zevzeka)的戏剧《巴尔干喜剧》。它写于巴尔干战争(1912-1918)期间,以寓言的方式呈现了当时巴尔干国家之间的关系。这出戏是鲍里斯·鲁曼诺夫最受欢迎的作品,他在战前和战后都是保加利亚最成功的幽默报纸之一《鼓》的总编辑。他和鲁门诺夫最亲密的朋友之一斯托扬·沙克尔(Stoyan Shakle)创办了一家巡回剧院。沙克尔为该报撰稿。他们在全国各地演出多年,其中最受欢迎的剧目是《巴尔干喜剧》。在第一次世界大战期间,这出戏在保加利亚军队的所有战线上演出,通常由业余演员表演,它产生了令人难以置信的热情和爱国灵感,因此获得了巨大的成功。“巴尔干喜剧”是戏剧表演的重要组成部分,其中还包括歌曲、小品、朗诵和其他流行的娱乐形式。因为反映了真实的历史事件,所以直到1918年为止,只上演了前三幕。战争结束后,作者增加了第四幕,但与第三幕结尾的侧重点有所不同。
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引用次数: 0
READING AS A MEANS OF ACTIVATING THE PUPILS 阅读是激活学生的一种手段
Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v19i3.10
Viera Lagerova
Activation of pupils is an essential part of the teaching process within our schools. In this endeavour, teachers are not always successful, but in prevalent cases they are able to support students and pupils to read the offered work, which might not correspond with their area of interests by using various methods and approaches, and thus gradually broaden their horizons of their perception of the world around. To support the reading during the tuition, we may use variety of activation and motivation methods that shift teaching into the phase of an active engagement of pupils into the class work andbeyond. Through a discussion, establishing of a problem or a possibility of alternating a literary work, or maybe other forms of work, a pupil moves from a role of a passive recipient of a piece of information to an active participant in the teachinglearning process. By this approach, not only the reading literacy is developed, but the communication and cooperation skills as well. Gestion to reading should be a priority especially for primary school teachers at the first degree. By their work (especially by an active differentiation) and their overview in the field of children´s literature, they can positively align their pupils in choosing a suitable book. Reading is the best way how to non-violently shape and positively influence the psychological and aesthetical development of children and young people.
激活学生是我们学校教学过程的重要组成部分。在这种努力中,教师并不总是成功的,但在大多数情况下,他们能够通过各种方法和途径支持学生和学生阅读所提供的作品,这些作品可能不符合他们的兴趣领域,从而逐渐拓宽他们对周围世界的看法。为了在教学过程中支持阅读,我们可以使用各种激活和激励方法,将教学转变为学生积极参与课堂作业和课外活动的阶段。通过讨论、确定问题或交替进行文学作品或其他形式的作品的可能性,学生从被动接受信息的角色转变为教学过程中的积极参与者。通过这种方式,不仅培养了学生的阅读能力,也培养了学生的沟通和合作能力。对阅读的建议应该是优先考虑的,尤其是小学教师在第一学位。通过他们的工作(特别是通过积极的区分)和他们在儿童文学领域的概述,他们可以积极地指导学生选择合适的书籍。阅读是非暴力塑造和积极影响儿童和青少年心理和审美发展的最佳方式。
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引用次数: 0
KO MPETENCJE SŁOWOTWÓRCZE POLSKICH DZIECI DWUJĘZYCZNYCH MIESZKAJĄCYCH W IRLANDII(NA PRZYKŁADZIE NAZW OSOBOWYCH ŻEŃSKICH)
Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v19i3.8
Natalia Siudzińska
The complexity of word-formation in Slavic languages, especially in the Polish language, makes it very difficult for Polish speaking children and bilingual children to learn, especially when the second language is not Slavic.In this article I would like to concentrate on the linguistic problems in the context of learning word-formation by bilingual children aged 5-9 who live in Ireland and who learn Polish and English at the same time. I would like to juxtapose their level of word formation competence with those children who are Polish language speakers living in Poland and who are in the same age group (5-9). The research described below concerns the category of feminine gender words. The linguistic data used for the description were collected during the fieldwork research carried out with the group of thirty bilingual children. The results of the research allowed to establish the differences in the linguistic development of monolingual and bilingual children and to indicate the factors that determine the acquisition of word-formation competences. This type of research will help teachers and other specialists (psychologists, speech therapists) working with such children to better assess the language skills of bilingual children. They also allow to estimate the scale of difficulties that Polish children returning from emigration will encounter.
斯拉夫语言,尤其是波兰语的构词法非常复杂,这使得讲波兰语的儿童和双语儿童很难学习,尤其是当第二语言不是斯拉夫语时。在这篇文章中,我想把重点放在5-9岁的双语儿童在学习构词法的背景下的语言问题上,这些儿童生活在爱尔兰,同时学习波兰语和英语。我想将他们的构词能力水平与生活在波兰的波兰语儿童(5-9岁)并置。下面的研究涉及到女性词汇的范畴。用于描述的语言数据是在与30名双语儿童进行的实地调查中收集的。研究结果可以确定单语儿童和双语儿童语言发展的差异,并指出决定构词能力习得的因素。这种类型的研究将帮助教师和其他专家(心理学家,语言治疗师)更好地评估双语儿童的语言技能。它们还可以用来估计从移民回国的波兰儿童将遇到的困难的规模。
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引用次数: 1
THE COLOR TERMS FOR BLACK AND WHITE IN BULGARIAN, POLISH AND LITHUANIAN PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS 保加利亚语、波兰语和立陶宛语用语单位中黑色和白色的颜色术语
Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v19i3.7
Nadelina Ivova
The present paper is contrastive analysis of Bulgarian, Polish and Lithuanian phraseological units containing a color term naming black or white. It traces the way these components reflect the figurative meaning of the unit - through their color semantics or through their function as a cultural signs. The study classiffiеs Bulgarian, Polish and Lithuanian expressions as to their belongings to several groups, which refer to different concepts. In each group the comparison of the examples found in the three phraseological subsystems is based on their semantics, their lexical components andstructure. Under observations are substantive, adjectival, adverbial and verbal phraseological units where the colors are used only as an adjective component. The analysis takes into consideration that black has negative symbolism and culturalconnotations. Thus the phraseological units with black are linked mainly to the concepts such as death, sorrow, bad life, misfortune. The text suggests that color term for black is rarely used to express neutral or positive meanings. The white has apositive cultural connotation associated to whiteness, light, good life, goodness, but its meaning can vary to neutral or negative in phraseological system of the three languages. The present paper observes similarities of collected phraseological expressions and emphasizes their nation-specific features.
本文对比分析了保加利亚语、波兰语和立陶宛语中包含“黑”或“白”颜色术语的词汇单位。它追溯了这些组成部分反映单位的形象意义的方式-通过它们的颜色语义或通过它们作为文化符号的功能。这项研究将保加利亚语、波兰语和立陶宛语的表达方式分为几组,它们指的是不同的概念。在每一组中,对三个短语子系统中发现的例子进行比较是基于它们的语义、词汇成分和结构。在观察下是实体、形容词、副词和动词的词组单位,其中颜色仅作为形容词成分使用。分析考虑到黑色具有消极的象征意义和文化内涵。因此,带有黑色的词汇单位主要与死亡、悲伤、不幸、不幸等概念联系在一起。本文表明,黑色的颜色术语很少用于表达中性或积极的含义。白色具有与白、光、美好生活、善良相关的积极文化内涵,但在三种语言的词汇系统中,它的意义可以是中性的或消极的。本文观察了所收集的习语的相似性,并强调了它们的民族特征。
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引用次数: 0
RELATIVE CARITIVE CONSTRUCTIONS WITH CONJUNCTION-PREPOSITION COMPLEX ILI BEZ IN SERBIAN (WITH AN OVERVIEW OF THE SITUATION IN RUSSIAN) 塞尔维亚语连词-介词复合结构ili bez的关系动词结构(附俄语情况概述)
Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v19i3.3
Tijana Balek
The paper presents 29 relative caritive constructions identified in Serbian language thanks to a search of the Serbian National Corpus, from which they are excerpted. Detailed analysis has shown that most of the excerpted constructions consist of a preposition, noun in a certain case, conjunction-preposition complex ‘ili bez’ and, often,a noun or pronoun in genitive. The analysis has also shown that 29 types of the excerpted constructions consist of 9 different prepositions on their left side which give the information about the absens, and that inclusion and action of the absens in concrete situations are relativized. Nevertheless, there are 5 non-prepositional constructions and 2 constructions that have complex prepositional expressions ‘u suprotnosti sa’ and ‘u saglasnosti sa’ on the left side. Regular caritive constructionsnegate inclusion of the absens on the right part of the construction, but these (analyzed in the paper) are specific because the conjunction ‘ili’ slightly neutralizes caritive semantics of the preposition ‘bez’. It should be said that among excerptedconstructions we identified 11 with anaphoric features that are discussed in the paper as well. In general, the conducted analysis showed that caritive semantics in Slavic languages (i.e. in Serbian and Russian) is not grammaticalized, which means that there are many grammatical and lexical resources for its presentation that need to be registered and described.
本文通过对塞尔维亚国家语料库的检索,提出了塞尔维亚语中29个相对宾语结构,并从中摘录。详细分析表明,大多数节选结构由介词、名词(在特定情况下)、连词-介词复合体“ili bez”和名词或代词(通常是名词或代词)组成。分析还表明,29种节选结构的左侧由9个不同的介词组成,这些介词提供了缺席的信息,并且缺席在具体情境中的包含和作用是相对的。然而,左侧有5个非介词结构和2个结构具有复杂的介词表达“u supronosti sa”和“u saglasnosti sa”。规则的格构式否定了格构式右边的缺位,但这些格构式(在本文中进行了分析)是特定的,因为连词“ili”略微中和了介词“bez”的格语义。应该说,在节选的结构中,我们发现了11个具有回指特征,这些特征在本文中也有讨论。总的来说,分析表明,斯拉夫语(即塞尔维亚语和俄语)的动词性语义没有语法化,这意味着它的表达有许多语法和词汇资源需要注册和描述。
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引用次数: 0
THIRTY-YEAR ANNIVERSARY OF OPERA SLAVICA (CZECHIA) – SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION, FUTURE AND DEVELOPMENT 捷克斯拉夫歌剧三十周年纪念——科学传播、未来与发展
Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v19i3.11
Elena Kreytchova
The text presents the journal Opera Slavica published by the Faculty of Arts of the Masaryk University in Brno, Czech Republic, which is a specialized philological journal that publishes articles, reviews and academic materials in the field of linguistics and literary Slavonic studies. The article also deals with the issue of the academic philological journals, their current state and the challenges they may face in the futureemphasizing that the further development of information exchange in the field of digitized periodicals will focus on the provision of a wider range of services for the end user. The modern opportunities and further development of the Internet are a prerequisite for reassessment of the ideas of communication in the academic community, for the dissemination of scientific knowledge and for the place of specialized journals in the context of this academic communication. In this context of virtual scientific communication the presence of academic periodicals in the digital libraries will be of great importance. In the future academic communication, in particular in the field of philology, significant specialization of electronic archives with a focus on a particular scientific field is expected.The text also outlines some problems in contemporary academic exchange, especially peer reviewing, predatory journals, online communication, etc.
本文介绍了捷克共和国布尔诺马萨里克大学文学院出版的《斯拉夫歌剧》杂志,这是一本专门的语言学杂志,发表语言学和斯拉夫文学研究领域的文章、评论和学术材料。文章还讨论了学术期刊的问题、现状和未来可能面临的挑战,强调数字化期刊领域信息交流的进一步发展将集中在为最终用户提供更广泛的服务上。互联网的现代机遇和进一步发展是重新评估学术界交流理念、科学知识传播和专业期刊在这种学术交流背景下的地位的先决条件。在这种虚拟科学传播的背景下,学术期刊在数字图书馆的存在将是非常重要的。在未来的学术交流中,特别是在文献学领域,期望电子档案以特定科学领域为重点的显著专业化。本文还概述了当代学术交流中存在的一些问题,特别是同行评议、掠夺性期刊、网络交流等。
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引用次数: 0
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Ezikov Svyat volume 19 issue 3
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