Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00106
S. Choi, Kyeong-Beom Park, D. Roh, Jae Yeol Lee, Yalda Ghasemi, Heejin Jeong
It is crucial to prevent safety accidents for human-robot collaboration. This study proposes an extended reality (XR) approach to safe HRC by calculating the minimum distance between the human operator and robot in real time. The proposed approach scans the real environment with multiple sensors and constructs its virtual space in XR. The virtual robot is synchronized with the real robot by matching the point cloud of real environment with that of the virtual robot. This system can effectively provide task assistance and safety information to the user wearing an XR device.
{"title":"An XR-based Approach to Safe Human-Robot Collaboration","authors":"S. Choi, Kyeong-Beom Park, D. Roh, Jae Yeol Lee, Yalda Ghasemi, Heejin Jeong","doi":"10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00106","url":null,"abstract":"It is crucial to prevent safety accidents for human-robot collaboration. This study proposes an extended reality (XR) approach to safe HRC by calculating the minimum distance between the human operator and robot in real time. The proposed approach scans the real environment with multiple sensors and constructs its virtual space in XR. The virtual robot is synchronized with the real robot by matching the point cloud of real environment with that of the virtual robot. This system can effectively provide task assistance and safety information to the user wearing an XR device.","PeriodicalId":326252,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125534315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00168
Linda Graf, Sophie Abramowski, Melina Baßfeld, Kirsten Gerschermann, Marius Grießhammer, Leslie Scholemann, M. Masuch
According to social psychological models, the presence of another person or even a virtual character in stressful situations can have stress-reducing effects. Thereby, the outcome can depend on the congruency between one's mood and the perceived mood of the other person. This dependence guides the design of VR applications for stress reduction, which use different virtual companion designs depending on the emotional state of individual users. This paper describes an ongoing design and development process towards such an emotionally supportive companion and shares initial results con-cerning the perception and stress-reducing effects of positively- and negatively-minded companions.
{"title":"Emotional Support Companions in Virtual Reality","authors":"Linda Graf, Sophie Abramowski, Melina Baßfeld, Kirsten Gerschermann, Marius Grießhammer, Leslie Scholemann, M. Masuch","doi":"10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00168","url":null,"abstract":"According to social psychological models, the presence of another person or even a virtual character in stressful situations can have stress-reducing effects. Thereby, the outcome can depend on the congruency between one's mood and the perceived mood of the other person. This dependence guides the design of VR applications for stress reduction, which use different virtual companion designs depending on the emotional state of individual users. This paper describes an ongoing design and development process towards such an emotionally supportive companion and shares initial results con-cerning the perception and stress-reducing effects of positively- and negatively-minded companions.","PeriodicalId":326252,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130000644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00184
T. Song, U. Eck, N. Navab
Real-time 3D reconstruction using multiple RGBD cameras and their online transmission facilitates the adoption of mixed reality telepresence. However, such a system can only cover a limited volume, and increasing the number of RGBD cameras is unfeasible due to setup complexity and space constraints. To address this issue, we present the concept of Dynamic 3D View Sharing, which complements the views of a 3D reconstruction system by the dynamic view of the user's HMD. Here, we present a markerless calibration method integrating these two seamlessly into the mixed reality telepresence systems without disrupting the current workflow.
{"title":"If I Share with you my Perspective, Would you Share your Data with me?","authors":"T. Song, U. Eck, N. Navab","doi":"10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00184","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time 3D reconstruction using multiple RGBD cameras and their online transmission facilitates the adoption of mixed reality telepresence. However, such a system can only cover a limited volume, and increasing the number of RGBD cameras is unfeasible due to setup complexity and space constraints. To address this issue, we present the concept of Dynamic 3D View Sharing, which complements the views of a 3D reconstruction system by the dynamic view of the user's HMD. Here, we present a markerless calibration method integrating these two seamlessly into the mixed reality telepresence systems without disrupting the current workflow.","PeriodicalId":326252,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128293303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00161
Daniel Neves Coelho, Frank Steinicke, E. Langbehn
Redirected walking enables natural walking in virtual reality under the constraints of limited physical space by manipulating position and orientation of the user. One such manipulation method are rotation gains which decouple real and virtual head turning. When reaching a boundary of the tracking space, the user's orientation can be reset by applying a rotation gain and forcing the user to do a certain task that requires head rotations. To identify what kind of tasks are best suited to mask the redirection, four tasks were designed that differentiate in their amount of mentally and physically demand: a spatial memory task, a verbal memory task, a physically exhausting task and a task which requires physical skill. A first pilot study was conducted to evaluate the influence that the different task categories have on the redirection awareness. The results showed overall low redirection detection rates, with the physically exhausting task being the least noticeable, whilst the physical skill task was detected the most, and the mentally demanding tasks in between. Although no clear distinction regarding the redirection awareness between mentally and physically demanding tasks could be shown, the insights gained from this work and the study, can be used to improve future implementations of rotation tasks.
{"title":"Design of Mentally and Physically Demanding Tasks as Distractors of Rotation Gains","authors":"Daniel Neves Coelho, Frank Steinicke, E. Langbehn","doi":"10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00161","url":null,"abstract":"Redirected walking enables natural walking in virtual reality under the constraints of limited physical space by manipulating position and orientation of the user. One such manipulation method are rotation gains which decouple real and virtual head turning. When reaching a boundary of the tracking space, the user's orientation can be reset by applying a rotation gain and forcing the user to do a certain task that requires head rotations. To identify what kind of tasks are best suited to mask the redirection, four tasks were designed that differentiate in their amount of mentally and physically demand: a spatial memory task, a verbal memory task, a physically exhausting task and a task which requires physical skill. A first pilot study was conducted to evaluate the influence that the different task categories have on the redirection awareness. The results showed overall low redirection detection rates, with the physically exhausting task being the least noticeable, whilst the physical skill task was detected the most, and the mentally demanding tasks in between. Although no clear distinction regarding the redirection awareness between mentally and physically demanding tasks could be shown, the insights gained from this work and the study, can be used to improve future implementations of rotation tasks.","PeriodicalId":326252,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128520253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00194
Torin Hopkins, Suibi Che-Chuan Weng, Rishi Vanukuru, Emma Wenzel, Amy Banic, E. Do
Networked Musical Collaboration requires near-instantaneous net-work transmission for successful real-time collaboration. We studied the way changes in network latency affect participants' auditory and visual perception in latency detection, as well as latency tolerance in AR. Twenty-four participants were asked to play a hand drum with a prerecorded remote musician rendered as an avatar in AR at different levels of audio-visual latency. We analyzed the subjective responses of the participants from each session. Results suggest a minimum noticeable delay value between 160 milliseconds (ms) and 320 ms, as well as no upper limit to audio-visual delay tolerance.
{"title":"How Late is Too Late? Effects of Network Latency on Audio-Visual Perception During AR Remote Musical Collaboration","authors":"Torin Hopkins, Suibi Che-Chuan Weng, Rishi Vanukuru, Emma Wenzel, Amy Banic, E. Do","doi":"10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00194","url":null,"abstract":"Networked Musical Collaboration requires near-instantaneous net-work transmission for successful real-time collaboration. We studied the way changes in network latency affect participants' auditory and visual perception in latency detection, as well as latency tolerance in AR. Twenty-four participants were asked to play a hand drum with a prerecorded remote musician rendered as an avatar in AR at different levels of audio-visual latency. We analyzed the subjective responses of the participants from each session. Results suggest a minimum noticeable delay value between 160 milliseconds (ms) and 320 ms, as well as no upper limit to audio-visual delay tolerance.","PeriodicalId":326252,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124559952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00158
R. Li, Angel Lo Lo Kon, J. So, H. H. Ip
This study aims to investigate the immediate and retained effects of one-time virtual reality (VR) exposure on intercultural sensitivity (IS) and identify the contributing factors. Three virtual scenarios about the ethnic minorities in Hong Kong were created for the empirical study. The longitudinal results involving 30 participants (15M 15F) showed that both the immediate and retained effects of the one-time VR exposure on IS were significant. Moreover, linear growth curve models suggested that among the female participants, presence and emotional empathy were closely associated with the change of IS over time, but this relation was not significant among the males.
{"title":"The Immediate and Retained Effects of One-time Virtual Reality Exposure on Intercultural Sensitivity","authors":"R. Li, Angel Lo Lo Kon, J. So, H. H. Ip","doi":"10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00158","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate the immediate and retained effects of one-time virtual reality (VR) exposure on intercultural sensitivity (IS) and identify the contributing factors. Three virtual scenarios about the ethnic minorities in Hong Kong were created for the empirical study. The longitudinal results involving 30 participants (15M 15F) showed that both the immediate and retained effects of the one-time VR exposure on IS were significant. Moreover, linear growth curve models suggested that among the female participants, presence and emotional empathy were closely associated with the change of IS over time, but this relation was not significant among the males.","PeriodicalId":326252,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130599411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00218
N. Gasteiger, S. Veer, P. Wilson, D. Dowding
Extended reality (XR), including virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) may overcome barriers to training healthcare workers, such as resource constraints. However, the effectiveness of XR training is disputed and not well understood. Our realist review explores how, for whom and in what contexts AR and VR training 'works' in upskilling healthcare workers. Eighty papers informed our program theory, while 46 empirical studies tested/refined it. We conclude that XR triggers perceptions of realism and deep immersion, and enables visualization, interactive learning, enhancement of skills and repeated practice within a safe learning environment, consequently bettering skills, learning/knowledge and learner satisfaction.
{"title":"Exploring How, for Whom and in Which Contexts Extended Reality Training 'Works' in Upskilling Healthcare Workers: A Realist Review","authors":"N. Gasteiger, S. Veer, P. Wilson, D. Dowding","doi":"10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00218","url":null,"abstract":"Extended reality (XR), including virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) may overcome barriers to training healthcare workers, such as resource constraints. However, the effectiveness of XR training is disputed and not well understood. Our realist review explores how, for whom and in what contexts AR and VR training 'works' in upskilling healthcare workers. Eighty papers informed our program theory, while 46 empirical studies tested/refined it. We conclude that XR triggers perceptions of realism and deep immersion, and enables visualization, interactive learning, enhancement of skills and repeated practice within a safe learning environment, consequently bettering skills, learning/knowledge and learner satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":326252,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130228471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00297
Paul Craig, P. Willemsen, Edward Downs, Alex Lover, William Barber
This paper presents work to examine how presentation scale and device form factor may affect learning in augmented reality (AR) en-vironments. We conducted a 2 (form factor) x 2 (scale) experiment in which 131 participants explored an AR learning environment using either tablet AR or a Hololens2 crossed with either full room scale or at table scale. Dependent variables measured participants declarative knowledge about information acquired in the environ-ment as well as their understanding of spatial layout. Initial analysis suggests comparable outcomes across all manipulations with respect to acquiring declarative and spatial knowledge.
{"title":"Learning Environments in AR: Comparing Tablet and Head-mounted Augmented Reality Devices at Room and Table Scale","authors":"Paul Craig, P. Willemsen, Edward Downs, Alex Lover, William Barber","doi":"10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00297","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents work to examine how presentation scale and device form factor may affect learning in augmented reality (AR) en-vironments. We conducted a 2 (form factor) x 2 (scale) experiment in which 131 participants explored an AR learning environment using either tablet AR or a Hololens2 crossed with either full room scale or at table scale. Dependent variables measured participants declarative knowledge about information acquired in the environ-ment as well as their understanding of spatial layout. Initial analysis suggests comparable outcomes across all manipulations with respect to acquiring declarative and spatial knowledge.","PeriodicalId":326252,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121789911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00241
Carly L. A. Wender, P. Tomporowski, Sun Joo Grace Ahn, P. O’Connor
This experiment measured effects of visual perceptual load (PL) within immersive virtual reality (VR) on exercise-induced pain during cycling. Using a within-subjects design (n=43), participants cycled at a perceptually “hard” intensity for 10 minutes without VR (i.e., no PL - NPL) or with VR of low or high PL (i.e., LPL or HPL). Mean quadriceps pain was significantly lower in the NPL condition than either the LPL (d=0.472) or HPL conditions (d=0.391). Mean cycling performance was significantly greater during the LPL condition. Compared to traditional cycling (NPL), cycling in the LPL condition resulted in greater exercise performance despite greater pain.
{"title":"Virtual Reality-Based Distraction on Pain and Performance during and after Moderate-Vigorous Intensity Cycling","authors":"Carly L. A. Wender, P. Tomporowski, Sun Joo Grace Ahn, P. O’Connor","doi":"10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00241","url":null,"abstract":"This experiment measured effects of visual perceptual load (PL) within immersive virtual reality (VR) on exercise-induced pain during cycling. Using a within-subjects design (n=43), participants cycled at a perceptually “hard” intensity for 10 minutes without VR (i.e., no PL - NPL) or with VR of low or high PL (i.e., LPL or HPL). Mean quadriceps pain was significantly lower in the NPL condition than either the LPL (d=0.472) or HPL conditions (d=0.391). Mean cycling performance was significantly greater during the LPL condition. Compared to traditional cycling (NPL), cycling in the LPL condition resulted in greater exercise performance despite greater pain.","PeriodicalId":326252,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115965285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00314
Shu Wei
This PhD research aims to implement dynamic facial expressions on virtual humans and explore their potential to enhance the efficacy of virtual reality (VR) mental health therapy. A systematic review of virtual humans in mental health VR indicated that only around 10% of applications used dynamic facial expressions. The potential of virtual humans' emotion richness is understudied and it is unclear how the facial expressions affect the individuals in VR. Therefore, we will focus on understanding people's behavioural, physiological, and psychological reactions toward facial-animated humans in VR experimental studies. The first study examines whether particular non-verbal behaviours can enhance people's therapy engagement, by applying warm facial expressions and head nods on a virtual coach. Future experiments will further look at individuals' interpretations of facial expressions on virtual crowds and the virtual infant. This research will explore how best to use facial expressions to facilitate VR therapy through the practice of psychiatric research, VR programming and 3D animation.
{"title":"[DC] Dynamic facial expressions on virtual humans for virtual reality (VR) mental health therapy","authors":"Shu Wei","doi":"10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VRW55335.2022.00314","url":null,"abstract":"This PhD research aims to implement dynamic facial expressions on virtual humans and explore their potential to enhance the efficacy of virtual reality (VR) mental health therapy. A systematic review of virtual humans in mental health VR indicated that only around 10% of applications used dynamic facial expressions. The potential of virtual humans' emotion richness is understudied and it is unclear how the facial expressions affect the individuals in VR. Therefore, we will focus on understanding people's behavioural, physiological, and psychological reactions toward facial-animated humans in VR experimental studies. The first study examines whether particular non-verbal behaviours can enhance people's therapy engagement, by applying warm facial expressions and head nods on a virtual coach. Future experiments will further look at individuals' interpretations of facial expressions on virtual crowds and the virtual infant. This research will explore how best to use facial expressions to facilitate VR therapy through the practice of psychiatric research, VR programming and 3D animation.","PeriodicalId":326252,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126855382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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