Based on the premise that human beings are not rational agents and are frame dependent while making investment decisions, this study has found a significant impact of framing effect on investment behaviors and financial wellbeing. Structural Equation Modelling is employed in Stata, on the data collected from 344 respondents from Pakistan (299 salaried persons and 45 businessmen), having more than three years’ experience. We supported the view of behavioral finance that framing effect could influence the financial wellbeing negatively. We extended the analysis further by validating the mediating role of investment behaviors between framing effect and financial wellbeing, which is a contribution to the body of knowledge in the field of behavioral finance.
{"title":"Framing Effect and Financial Wellbeing: Role of Investment Behaviors as Mediator","authors":"K. Rehman, Hameeda Akhtar, S. Shah","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I2.555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I2.555","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the premise that human beings are not rational agents and are frame dependent while making investment decisions, this study has found a significant impact of framing effect on investment behaviors and financial wellbeing. Structural Equation Modelling is employed in Stata, on the data collected from 344 respondents from Pakistan (299 salaried persons and 45 businessmen), having more than three years’ experience. We supported the view of behavioral finance that framing effect could influence the financial wellbeing negatively. We extended the analysis further by validating the mediating role of investment behaviors between framing effect and financial wellbeing, which is a contribution to the body of knowledge in the field of behavioral finance.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47975027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Financial development plays an instrumental role in the process of economic growth and development through mobilization of savings and creating investment opportunities. Financial development also leads to enhance the level of technology by providing finance to entrepreneurs for technological innovations which leads to economic growth. This study examines the impact of financial development and technology on economic growth of selected South Asian countries over the time span 1984-2017. Due to endogeneity problem, the empirical model used in the study is estimated by System Generalized Method of Moment (System GMM). Empirical results indicated that financial development, technology and human capital have positive and significant impact on economic growth in developing South Asian countries. To attain a sustainable economic growth, South Asian countries should put their efforts to develop their financial market that stimulates economic growth by providing finance to entrepreneurs for innovations.
{"title":"Technology and Economic Growth: Role of Financial Development in South Asian Countries","authors":"I. Chaudhry, Samina Sabir, Fatima Gulzar","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I2.605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I2.605","url":null,"abstract":"Financial development plays an instrumental role in the process of economic growth and development through mobilization of savings and creating investment opportunities. Financial development also leads to enhance the level of technology by providing finance to entrepreneurs for technological innovations which leads to economic growth. This study examines the impact of financial development and technology on economic growth of selected South Asian countries over the time span 1984-2017. Due to endogeneity problem, the empirical model used in the study is estimated by System Generalized Method of Moment (System GMM). Empirical results indicated that financial development, technology and human capital have positive and significant impact on economic growth in developing South Asian countries. To attain a sustainable economic growth, South Asian countries should put their efforts to develop their financial market that stimulates economic growth by providing finance to entrepreneurs for innovations.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45085004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Growing population in the present globalized world is a challenge for the developing to engage the increasing labour force in productive environment. The creation of new employment opportunities is not easy to handle with existing resources (lack of capital both physical and financial) and became a more intense challenge for policy maker. Fairley free transaction also affect employment/unemployment in developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the impact of globalization on unemployment in case of Pakistan for the period of 1980-2017. Globalization is measured by three different forces i.e. Trade flows, FDI flow and Remittances flow. To estimate the responsiveness of unemployment to globalization ARDL co-integration techniques is employed. Bound test confirmed co-integration relationship between the variables under consideration. The results of short run and long run estimates showed that globalization forces affected unemployment in Pakistan. Globalization in the shape of trade affects unemployment directly while the impact of remittances is negative to unemployment. The impact of FDI is positive but insignificant. Therefore, this study suggests that proper attention should be paid toward policy formulation regarding trade and remittances inflow to increase employment opportunities in Pakistan. Globalization should be perused with adequate policies that will certainly smooth macroeconomic environment of Pakistan.
{"title":"Globalization and Macroeconomic Instability: Evidence from Unemployment in Pakistan","authors":"Amjad Ali, Zilakat Khan, Sher Ali","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I2.631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I2.631","url":null,"abstract":"Growing population in the present globalized world is a challenge for the developing to engage the increasing labour force in productive environment. The creation of new employment opportunities is not easy to handle with existing resources (lack of capital both physical and financial) and became a more intense challenge for policy maker. Fairley free transaction also affect employment/unemployment in developing countries. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the impact of globalization on unemployment in case of Pakistan for the period of 1980-2017. Globalization is measured by three different forces i.e. Trade flows, FDI flow and Remittances flow. To estimate the responsiveness of unemployment to globalization ARDL co-integration techniques is employed. Bound test confirmed co-integration relationship between the variables under consideration. The results of short run and long run estimates showed that globalization forces affected unemployment in Pakistan. Globalization in the shape of trade affects unemployment directly while the impact of remittances is negative to unemployment. The impact of FDI is positive but insignificant. \u0000Therefore, this study suggests that proper attention should be paid toward policy formulation regarding trade and remittances inflow to increase employment opportunities in Pakistan. Globalization should be perused with adequate policies that will certainly smooth macroeconomic environment of Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42686107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aisha Javeria, Sulaman Hafeez Siddiqui, R. Rasheed, M. Nawaz
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of leadership commitment on implementation of green banking in Pakistan through the lens of moderating role of responsible leadership. The concept of green banking in modern banking industry is associated with provision of environment friendly banking services through environment friendly banking operations and infrastructure. It can be referred to sustainable lending and depository product and services provide by banks through sustainable banking operations and infrastructure. Design/Methodology/Approach- An exploratory qualitative research design is used to postulate the theoretical model relating leadership role with implementation of green banking practices in Pakistan. Limitations/Implications- Further studies are needed to empirically examine the postulated relationships signified by proposed model of the study. Originality/ Value- The proposed model and relationship will significantly contribute to better understanding of role of banks leadership towards transformation of conventional banking into sustainable banking practices and products.
{"title":"An Investigation into Role of Leadership Commitment on Implementation of Green Banking: Moderating Influence of Responsible Leadership Characteristics","authors":"Aisha Javeria, Sulaman Hafeez Siddiqui, R. Rasheed, M. Nawaz","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I2.561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I2.561","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of leadership commitment on implementation of green banking in Pakistan through the lens of moderating role of responsible leadership. The concept of green banking in modern banking industry is associated with provision of environment friendly banking services through environment friendly banking operations and infrastructure. It can be referred to sustainable lending and depository product and services provide by banks through sustainable banking operations and infrastructure. \u0000Design/Methodology/Approach- An exploratory qualitative research design is used to postulate the theoretical model relating leadership role with implementation of green banking practices in Pakistan. \u0000Limitations/Implications- Further studies are needed to empirically examine the postulated relationships signified by proposed model of the study. \u0000Originality/ Value- The proposed model and relationship will significantly contribute to better understanding of role of banks leadership towards transformation of conventional banking into sustainable banking practices and products.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49487369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Today workaholism is foremost key challenge face by academia of higher education. Therefore, to understand the perspective of workaholism this study examines the impact of emotional instability on employees work outcomes (Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Burnout) through mediating role of workaholism in public and private universities of Multan. The aim of the study was to recruit at least 400 teachers. Among sample, five hundred structured questionnaires containing six dimension were distributed, out of which four hundred were used for analysis. Smart PLS (Partial Least Square) was used for hypothesis testing. Finding of the study shows that there was negative and significant relationship between emotional instability, workaholism and organizational citizenship behavior whereas, there was positive and significant relationship between emotional instability and burnout. However, this study will provide support to policy makers to develop such work schedules that will lower the level of burnout in university teachers. This study was conducted only for the university academia in the different city of Punjab for more generalizability for this study can be conducted in whole Pakistan and also for the teachers of secondary schools.
{"title":"Impact of Employees’ Emotional Instability on Organization Citizenship Behavior and Burnout with Mediating Effect of Workaholism","authors":"Zara Hayat, Iram Batool, S. Hayat, M. Bhatti","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I2.572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I2.572","url":null,"abstract":"Today workaholism is foremost key challenge face by academia of higher education. Therefore, to understand the perspective of workaholism this study examines the impact of emotional instability on employees work outcomes (Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Burnout) through mediating role of workaholism in public and private universities of Multan. The aim of the study was to recruit at least 400 teachers. Among sample, five hundred structured questionnaires containing six dimension were distributed, out of which four hundred were used for analysis. Smart PLS (Partial Least Square) was used for hypothesis testing. Finding of the study shows that there was negative and significant relationship between emotional instability, workaholism and organizational citizenship behavior whereas, there was positive and significant relationship between emotional instability and burnout. However, this study will provide support to policy makers to develop such work schedules that will lower the level of burnout in university teachers. This study was conducted only for the university academia in the different city of Punjab for more generalizability for this study can be conducted in whole Pakistan and also for the teachers of secondary schools.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43216089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the connection between Islamic values and country policies has been carefully connected to the foundations that create political legitimating and the basic nature of a country. Islam performs a crucial part in the social fabric of Pakistan and has been integrated as the guiding concept for the constitutional procedure and governmental systems of the country but at the same time produced implicit stress for their future improvements. Various government authorities have used religious beliefs for their quest for governmental authenticity and power. This has consequently brought about politicization of spiritual explanation in Pakistan demonstrated in the form of sectarian disputes, persecution of spiritual unprivileged or disempowerment of certain spiritual organizations and management. Whereas controversy about interpreting religious identity continues pervading the Pakistani community, it is observed that large parts of the Pakistani inhabitants follow pluralistic types of Islam based on heterogeneous spiritual and devotional methods. Islamic political parties should cooperate on federal or provincial levels with national and local political parties to eliminate the religious extremism in Pakistan.
{"title":"The Politics of Religious Extremism in Pakistan: An Analysis","authors":"Sidra Karamat, M. Muẓaffar, A. Shah","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I2.604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I2.604","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the connection between Islamic values and country policies has been carefully connected to the foundations that create political legitimating and the basic nature of a country. Islam performs a crucial part in the social fabric of Pakistan and has been integrated as the guiding concept for the constitutional procedure and governmental systems of the country but at the same time produced implicit stress for their future improvements. Various government authorities have used religious beliefs for their quest for governmental authenticity and power. This has consequently brought about politicization of spiritual explanation in Pakistan demonstrated in the form of sectarian disputes, persecution of spiritual unprivileged or disempowerment of certain spiritual organizations and management. Whereas controversy about interpreting religious identity continues pervading the Pakistani community, it is observed that large parts of the Pakistani inhabitants follow pluralistic types of Islam based on heterogeneous spiritual and devotional methods. Islamic political parties should cooperate on federal or provincial levels with national and local political parties to eliminate the religious extremism in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47753602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this research study has been to examine the relationship between despotic leadership, emotional exhaustion and sexual harassment in the presence of organizational cynicism as the moderator. The above-mentioned relationships were empirically tested by collecting and analyzing the data from the government sector hospitals in Pakistan. The target respondents were female nurses working in the six different hospitals of Multan and Bahawalpur region. The sample of 350 nurses was randomly chosen to collect the data. The results of the study proved the positive effect of despotic leadership with the employee emotional exhaustion. The other relation, which is proved, is the significant positive relationship between sexual harassment and the emotional exhaustion in the presence of organizational cynicism as the moderator. Based on the social exchange theory it is inferred that a reciprocal relationship exists in the organizational context between the leaders and the subordinates when the trauma and depression is lent to the subordinates the subordinates feel emotionally deteriorated.
{"title":"The Effects of Despotic Leadership and Sexual Harassment on Emotional Exhaustion of Employees in Health Sector of Pakistan: Moderating Role of Organizational Cynicism","authors":"Muhammad Shaukat Malik, Shahzadi Sattar","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I2.587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I2.587","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research study has been to examine the relationship between despotic leadership, emotional exhaustion and sexual harassment in the presence of organizational cynicism as the moderator. The above-mentioned relationships were empirically tested by collecting and analyzing the data from the government sector hospitals in Pakistan. The target respondents were female nurses working in the six different hospitals of Multan and Bahawalpur region. The sample of 350 nurses was randomly chosen to collect the data. The results of the study proved the positive effect of despotic leadership with the employee emotional exhaustion. The other relation, which is proved, is the significant positive relationship between sexual harassment and the emotional exhaustion in the presence of organizational cynicism as the moderator. Based on the social exchange theory it is inferred that a reciprocal relationship exists in the organizational context between the leaders and the subordinates when the trauma and depression is lent to the subordinates the subordinates feel emotionally deteriorated.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49200818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective was to investigate the socioeconomic status and dependent personality as the predictor of nail biting among adults. A sample of 101 adults that nail bit was selected from Sialkot city that aged above 19 to 75 years using purposive sampling from government and private educational institutes and local communities. The socioeconomic status and nail biting measured in the demographic form asking information about income, education, profession and do you nail bit. Further, dependent personality was checked with Dependent Personality Disorder scale Urdu version (Shahzadi & Bano, 2018). Results showed that there is significant predictive relationship present between these two variables on samples (N= 101), R= .432 which indicates a moderate correlation. The R2= .187 which indicated that 1.8% variation in the dependent variable, can be explained by the independent variable. Adjusted R-square a modify form of R-square which is also 1.7 variation in data. Descriptive results of this study showed that these two variables from sample (N= 320) are co-occur only in (N= 101) participants with 31.5 percentage generally in both male and female of Sialkot city. Structure Equation Modeling was used for the analysis of data. The model fit summary indicated the p value of .000 which indicates that socioeconomic factors and dependent personality was the significant predictor of nail biting among adults. All the model fit indices were also in the best prescribed limits as Chi-square/df (1.106), Goodness of Fit Index (.976), Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (.940), Comparative Fit Index (.974) and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (.033). Furthermore, the income regression estimate indicates that when income, profession and dependent personality goes up by 1 standard deviation, the nail biting goes up by 0.21, 0.12 and 0.4 standard deviations respectively whereas in case of education, it goes up by 1 standard deviation and the nail biting behavior goes down by .09 standard deviations. Conclusion: In conclusion, the socioeconomic status and dependent personality was the significant predictor of nail biting behavior among adults.
{"title":"Socioeconomic Status, Dependent Personality and Nail Biting Behavior Among Adults: Evaluation of Structural Relationship","authors":"Zakia Bano, I. Warraich, Iram Naz, A. Shahzadi","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I2.629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I2.629","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective was to investigate the socioeconomic status and dependent personality as the predictor of nail biting among adults. A sample of 101 adults that nail bit was selected from Sialkot city that aged above 19 to 75 years using purposive sampling from government and private educational institutes and local communities. The socioeconomic status and nail biting measured in the demographic form asking information about income, education, profession and do you nail bit. Further, dependent personality was checked with Dependent Personality Disorder scale Urdu version (Shahzadi & Bano, 2018). Results showed that there is significant predictive relationship present between these two variables on samples (N= 101), R= .432 which indicates a moderate correlation. The R2= .187 which indicated that 1.8% variation in the dependent variable, can be explained by the independent variable. Adjusted R-square a modify form of R-square which is also 1.7 variation in data. Descriptive results of this study showed that these two variables from sample (N= 320) are co-occur only in (N= 101) participants with 31.5 percentage generally in both male and female of Sialkot city. Structure Equation Modeling was used for the analysis of data. The model fit summary indicated the p value of .000 which indicates that socioeconomic factors and dependent personality was the significant predictor of nail biting among adults. All the model fit indices were also in the best prescribed limits as Chi-square/df (1.106), Goodness of Fit Index (.976), Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (.940), Comparative Fit Index (.974) and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (.033). Furthermore, the income regression estimate indicates that when income, profession and dependent personality goes up by 1 standard deviation, the nail biting goes up by 0.21, 0.12 and 0.4 standard deviations respectively whereas in case of education, it goes up by 1 standard deviation and the nail biting behavior goes down by .09 standard deviations. \u0000Conclusion: In conclusion, the socioeconomic status and dependent personality was the significant predictor of nail biting behavior among adults.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48771371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Factuality remains the highest virtue of a legal text. The paper finds how this virtue is jeopardized by the presence of logical fallacies. The stylistics analysis is performed for identification of linguistic features of logical fallacies in legal language. Two randomly selected verdicts of the Supreme Court of Pakistan are selected for analysis. Analysis of verdicts reveals that factuality is compromised by fallacies with distinctive stylistic features. These features include the fallacies of relevance, defective induction and ambiguity. Lexical choices, syntactically complicated structure and graphological markers of style contribute to the formation of these fallacies. The findings establish that stylistic aspect themselves contribute to the projection of fallacies in verdicts, therefore, the study recommends avoiding stylistic formulae of the legalese or legal registers which lead to the formation of logical fallacies in the legal language.
{"title":"The Construction of Factuality in Pakistan’s Legal Discourse: A Stylistic Analysis of Logical Fallacies","authors":"M. M. Saleem, Ayaz Ahmad, Sana Hussain","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I2.630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I2.630","url":null,"abstract":"Factuality remains the highest virtue of a legal text. The paper finds how this virtue is jeopardized by the presence of logical fallacies. The stylistics analysis is performed for identification of linguistic features of logical fallacies in legal language. Two randomly selected verdicts of the Supreme Court of Pakistan are selected for analysis. Analysis of verdicts reveals that factuality is compromised by fallacies with distinctive stylistic features. These features include the fallacies of relevance, defective induction and ambiguity. Lexical choices, syntactically complicated structure and graphological markers of style contribute to the formation of these fallacies. The findings establish that stylistic aspect themselves contribute to the projection of fallacies in verdicts, therefore, the study recommends avoiding stylistic formulae of the legalese or legal registers which lead to the formation of logical fallacies in the legal language.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49583514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asif Khan, Tasawar Baig, Saadia Beg, Hafiz Ghufran Ali Khan
The quality of inclusive and accountable institutions in a donor-recipient country determines the effectiveness of foreign aid. This study examined whether the role of donor agency or the implementing agency was more helpful in the successes of two foreign-funded educational interventions in Northern Pakistan. The two interventions, each focusing on teachers’ development program and the capacity development of principals, were funded by two different international donors. The study also provided a comparison of the two international donors working styles and their strategies applied for the execution of their respective projects. The findings of the study, which were generated through qualitative methods, noted wide variations not only in the working strategies of the two donors, but also the role of the executing agency. It was noted that multiple factors determined the productivity of the two projects; one of the elements that contributed the success or failure of the two project was their design or road map. Based on the findings of this study, it was maintained that a proactive role of both the entities is crucial for the success of such interventions.
{"title":"Making Foreign Aid Work: Issues of Cost Effectiveness of Educational Aid in Pakistan","authors":"Asif Khan, Tasawar Baig, Saadia Beg, Hafiz Ghufran Ali Khan","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I2.591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I2.591","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of inclusive and accountable institutions in a donor-recipient country determines the effectiveness of foreign aid. This study examined whether the role of donor agency or the implementing agency was more helpful in the successes of two foreign-funded educational interventions in Northern Pakistan. The two interventions, each focusing on teachers’ development program and the capacity development of principals, were funded by two different international donors. The study also provided a comparison of the two international donors working styles and their strategies applied for the execution of their respective projects. The findings of the study, which were generated through qualitative methods, noted wide variations not only in the working strategies of the two donors, but also the role of the executing agency. It was noted that multiple factors determined the productivity of the two projects; one of the elements that contributed the success or failure of the two project was their design or road map. Based on the findings of this study, it was maintained that a proactive role of both the entities is crucial for the success of such interventions. ","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42662234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：