Hina Ali, Fatima Farooq, Khizra Sardar, Zahra Masood Bhutta
In developing countries, the foreign sector plays an important role and a critically important one for economic stabilization. The yearly data was employed for the period 1975- 2017 for the analysis. The variables of the study include the gross domestic product, foreign direct investment, inflation rate, industry sector growth, broad money, gross fixed capital formation, trade openness, and gross savings. An empirical analysis is done by using and the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test is applied to analyze the unit root. In the present study, empirical findings demonstrated the negative association between economic growth and foreign direct investment in Pakistan. This argument also supports the idea, where foreign direct investment will not be in favor of the growth of developing countries as the domestic industry would not compete to the foreign industry which provides the products at a low rate. Secondly, foreign direct investment in Pakistan is not that level which can affect the GDP of Pakistan.
{"title":"How Does Foreign Direct Investment Affect Economic Growth in Pakistan: A Time Series Data Analysis","authors":"Hina Ali, Fatima Farooq, Khizra Sardar, Zahra Masood Bhutta","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I3.711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I3.711","url":null,"abstract":"In developing countries, the foreign sector plays an important role and a critically important one for economic stabilization. The yearly data was employed for the period 1975- 2017 for the analysis. The variables of the study include the gross domestic product, foreign direct investment, inflation rate, industry sector growth, broad money, gross fixed capital formation, trade openness, and gross savings. An empirical analysis is done by using and the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test is applied to analyze the unit root. In the present study, empirical findings demonstrated the negative association between economic growth and foreign direct investment in Pakistan. This argument also supports the idea, where foreign direct investment will not be in favor of the growth of developing countries as the domestic industry would not compete to the foreign industry which provides the products at a low rate. Secondly, foreign direct investment in Pakistan is not that level which can affect the GDP of Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49338600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper reflects only part of a broader research project in which narratives between India and Pakistan have been analyzed as propagated through the medium of film. Existing literature highlights that events from 1947 partition between India and Pakistan, have been used methodically by establishments on both side to recontextualize the realities of partition and violence associated with that, blaming each other for being the cause, suppressing much of what actually transpired, evading any clear position, while promoting triumphant discourses of nation, sacrifice and socio-economic insinuations. The focus of this paper is to examine how visual modality as explained by Machin and Mayr (2012), plays a part in shaping opinions and narrating events. Employing Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis (MCDA) to analyze the discourses realized by a partition based movie, this paper highlights that the way ‘other’ is depicted to experience partition, and has been represented to suit the ‘self’s’ account. The representation is a vital part of the legitimization of one particular discourse of partition, used to marginalize other likely discourses in both countries. The study has implications for understanding post-colonial and post-separation socio-cultural development in Pakistan and India. The outcomes of the study can be utilized to identify the ways both countries can use media and narratives to enhance socio-cultural ties and policies; thereby welfare of people on both sides.
{"title":"Role of Cinema in Identity Construction in India and Pakistan After Partition 1947","authors":"A. Malik, Raja Nasim Akhtar","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I3.660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I3.660","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reflects only part of a broader research project in which narratives between India and Pakistan have been analyzed as propagated through the medium of film. Existing literature highlights that events from 1947 partition between India and Pakistan, have been used methodically by establishments on both side to recontextualize the realities of partition and violence associated with that, blaming each other for being the cause, suppressing much of what actually transpired, evading any clear position, while promoting triumphant discourses of nation, sacrifice and socio-economic insinuations. The focus of this paper is to examine how visual modality as explained by Machin and Mayr (2012), plays a part in shaping opinions and narrating events. Employing Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis (MCDA) to analyze the discourses realized by a partition based movie, this paper highlights that the way ‘other’ is depicted to experience partition, and has been represented to suit the ‘self’s’ account. The representation is a vital part of the legitimization of one particular discourse of partition, used to marginalize other likely discourses in both countries. The study has implications for understanding post-colonial and post-separation socio-cultural development in Pakistan and India. The outcomes of the study can be utilized to identify the ways both countries can use media and narratives to enhance socio-cultural ties and policies; thereby welfare of people on both sides.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48549628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pakistan and China has a long history of bilateral relations but the period from 2002 – 2005 witnessed boosts in economic ties and leadership of both the countries carried out frequent visits in order to address various economic and strategic challenges. The location of Pakistan on the World map considered as geo-strategic was now also being seen as geo-economic through Chinese perspective. China driven by market forces, development of western provinces, and its energy security concerns, started thinking to expand westwards. China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) being a subset of “One Belt One Road” (OBOR) was formally launched in 2013. This mega project has a potential to become a “game changer” for the region in general and Pakistan in particular. The opportune project faces a number of challenges which needs to be tackled in a timely and effective manner. Strategic location of Gwadar signifies its position in CPEC in many ways for Pakistan-China as well as for other regional countries.
{"title":"China Pakistan Economic Corridor: A Game Changer Project","authors":"M. Qazi","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I3.733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I3.733","url":null,"abstract":"Pakistan and China has a long history of bilateral relations but the period from 2002 – 2005 witnessed boosts in economic ties and leadership of both the countries carried out frequent visits in order to address various economic and strategic challenges. The location of Pakistan on the World map considered as geo-strategic was now also being seen as geo-economic through Chinese perspective. China driven by market forces, development of western provinces, and its energy security concerns, started thinking to expand westwards. China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) being a subset of “One Belt One Road” (OBOR) was formally launched in 2013. This mega project has a potential to become a “game changer” for the region in general and Pakistan in particular. The opportune project faces a number of challenges which needs to be tackled in a timely and effective manner. Strategic location of Gwadar signifies its position in CPEC in many ways for Pakistan-China as well as for other regional countries.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48436897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Quality has always been center of gravity for superior competitive advantage. TQM has captured attention of both practitioners and academicians because it is an important management practice for improving performance. This research is aimed to provide insight of the challenges faced by readymade garment industry of Pakistan for implementation of TQM principles. In depth literature, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Matriced' Impacts Croise's Multiplication Appliquée a UN Classement (MICMAC) analyses have been employed to investigate the phenomena under study. Discourse of literature revealed that there are twenty challenges in implementation of TQM. Lack of employee trust in senior management is the most critical challenge to be addressed that occupies bottom of the model. Lack of formalized strategic plan for change and lack of leadership occupy highest position in the model hence attracts least attention. MICMAC analysis revealed that lack of consistency of purposes autonomous, lack of evaluation procedures and benchmark indices and obsolete technology are independent and all other challenges fall in linking quadrant. Whereas no such challenge is exclusively categorized as dependent, however, most of the linking factors have high degree of dependence as well. This study is useful for the organizations which are in process of implementing TQM practices.
{"title":"Uncovering the Myths of TQM in Readymade Garment Sector of Pakistan: An Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach","authors":"A. Niazi, T. Qazi, K. Sandhu","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I3.717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I3.717","url":null,"abstract":"Quality has always been center of gravity for superior competitive advantage. TQM has captured attention of both practitioners and academicians because it is an important management practice for improving performance. This research is aimed to provide insight of the challenges faced by readymade garment industry of Pakistan for implementation of TQM principles. In depth literature, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Matriced' Impacts Croise's Multiplication Appliquée a UN Classement (MICMAC) analyses have been employed to investigate the phenomena under study. Discourse of literature revealed that there are twenty challenges in implementation of TQM. Lack of employee trust in senior management is the most critical challenge to be addressed that occupies bottom of the model. Lack of formalized strategic plan for change and lack of leadership occupy highest position in the model hence attracts least attention. MICMAC analysis revealed that lack of consistency of purposes autonomous, lack of evaluation procedures and benchmark indices and obsolete technology are independent and all other challenges fall in linking quadrant. Whereas no such challenge is exclusively categorized as dependent, however, most of the linking factors have high degree of dependence as well. This study is useful for the organizations which are in process of implementing TQM practices.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45869436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the impact of psychological empowerment and psychological well-being on the performance of teachers and to explore the effect of psychological well-being as a mediator between psychological empowerment and performance. Research Design/Methodology: Convenience sampling was used to collect data from 261 secondary school teachers through a survey questionnaire in this cross-sectional study. The collected data was statistically analyzed by using SPSS software 23. Coefficient correlation, multiple regression and mediation analyses were carried out in pursuance of study objectives. Findings: it was found that psychological empowerment and well-being were significantly and positively related to job performance of teachers. Moreover, results showed that psychological well-being partially mediated the relationship between psychological empowerment and well-being. Practical Implications: When teachers perceive higher level of psychological factors (viz. psychological empowerment & well-being), they perform better. Therefore, it is essential for administrators and executives to attend to psychological factors of teachers in order to increase their performance.
{"title":"Impact of Psychological Empowerment on Job Performance of Teachers: Mediating Role of Psychological Well-being.","authors":"N. Ahmed, Beenish Malik","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I3.693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I3.693","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the impact of psychological empowerment and psychological well-being on the performance of teachers and to explore the effect of psychological well-being as a mediator between psychological empowerment and performance. \u0000Research Design/Methodology: Convenience sampling was used to collect data from 261 secondary school teachers through a survey questionnaire in this cross-sectional study. The collected data was statistically analyzed by using SPSS software 23. Coefficient correlation, multiple regression and mediation analyses were carried out in pursuance of study objectives. \u0000Findings: it was found that psychological empowerment and well-being were significantly and positively related to job performance of teachers. Moreover, results showed that psychological well-being partially mediated the relationship between psychological empowerment and well-being. \u0000Practical Implications: When teachers perceive higher level of psychological factors (viz. psychological empowerment & well-being), they perform better. Therefore, it is essential for administrators and executives to attend to psychological factors of teachers in order to increase their performance.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47440186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ghulam Muhammad Nagra, Ghulam Mustafa, Muhammad Imran
Islamabad’s relations with the Washington have had a chequered history. Socio-economic, political differences and national interests exacerbated by diplomatic ineptitude, as well as the obstacles inherent in relations between a developing country and a superpower, have all united to make it so, while strategic compulsions and geo-political relations on both sides have forced to bring the two countries closer. This should be emphasized that the chequered history of Pak-US relations, the shifting emphasis and the changing proclivities of the US administration and public, the nature and the constraints of the US commitment to Pakistan’s security, all make it absolutely imperative for Pakistan to take every step with the utmost care. Pakistan should realize that Washington policy on security issues could probably rebound to Islamabad’s benefit currently, but definitely not on all times in the future, as there are difficult options ahead for both Islamabad and Washington on basic strategic interests. However 9/11 incident and war on terror took back the warmth relationship of 1950s decades. Again Pakistan is playing the role of front line state to eradicate the menace of terrorism from the world and restore peace and stability in the region with the collaboration of USA and its allied forces, even Pakistan is enjoying the status of non-NATO ally.
{"title":"An analysis of Pak-US Relations after Pentagon 2011 Attacks","authors":"Ghulam Muhammad Nagra, Ghulam Mustafa, Muhammad Imran","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I3.734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I3.734","url":null,"abstract":"Islamabad’s relations with the Washington have had a chequered history. Socio-economic, political differences and national interests exacerbated by diplomatic ineptitude, as well as the obstacles inherent in relations between a developing country and a superpower, have all united to make it so, while strategic compulsions and geo-political relations on both sides have forced to bring the two countries closer. This should be emphasized that the chequered history of Pak-US relations, the shifting emphasis and the changing proclivities of the US administration and public, the nature and the constraints of the US commitment to Pakistan’s security, all make it absolutely imperative for Pakistan to take every step with the utmost care. Pakistan should realize that Washington policy on security issues could probably rebound to Islamabad’s benefit currently, but definitely not on all times in the future, as there are difficult options ahead for both Islamabad and Washington on basic strategic interests. However 9/11 incident and war on terror took back the warmth relationship of 1950s decades. Again Pakistan is playing the role of front line state to eradicate the menace of terrorism from the world and restore peace and stability in the region with the collaboration of USA and its allied forces, even Pakistan is enjoying the status of non-NATO ally.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43987143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Codeswitching is a common phenomenon, generally observed in multilingual communities across the globe. A critical look at codeswitching literature reveals that mostly codeswitching has been studied in classroom in learning and teaching context while codeswitching outside classroom in settings such as café, hostel and so on have been the least explored areas. In view of the above the current research investigated the reasons for codeswitching in the interactive practices of students and their perecptions regarding the same in outside classroom settings. Data were collected by means of audio recording 90 minutes students interactions in café and hostel and serving an open-ended questionnaire to the partcicipants. The findings showed that the students code switched on account of socio-cutural, socio-psychological and comuniactive reasons. The study is important in the sense that it will further students understanding about CS in outside classroom settings.
{"title":"A Sociolinguistic Investigation of the Code Switching Practices of Students Outside Classroom in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan","authors":"Mujahid Shah, Ali Furqan, K. Zaman","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I3.709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I3.709","url":null,"abstract":"Codeswitching is a common phenomenon, generally observed in multilingual communities across the globe. A critical look at codeswitching literature reveals that mostly codeswitching has been studied in classroom in learning and teaching context while codeswitching outside classroom in settings such as café, hostel and so on have been the least explored areas. In view of the above the current research investigated the reasons for codeswitching in the interactive practices of students and their perecptions regarding the same in outside classroom settings. Data were collected by means of audio recording 90 minutes students interactions in café and hostel and serving an open-ended questionnaire to the partcicipants. The findings showed that the students code switched on account of socio-cutural, socio-psychological and comuniactive reasons. The study is important in the sense that it will further students understanding about CS in outside classroom settings.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43224812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Khan, M. Dost, M. Akram, Pirzada Sami Ullah Sabri
This study plays its role in the literature by investigating the impact of energy consumption on agriculture sector, and environmental cleanliness on Gross Domestic Product, in five South Asian countries from the period of 1990 to 2015. Energy is now becoming a challenge for the South Asian countries especially country like Pakistan. Developing countries are in a race to gather more and more resource for the production of energy. The main objective of research is to examine the short-run and long-run relationship between economic growth and energy consumption on agriculture sector of economy in South Asian countries. Granger causality test and Error correction model is employed to get the results. The empirical results showed the presence of co-integration among the variables and it indicates gross domestic product has a positive relationship with energy consumption in agriculture sector and environmental cleanliness. Granger causality results showed that unidirectional causality is present between gross domestic product and agricultural sector while no causality is present among environment cleanliness.
{"title":"Energy Consumption in Agriculture Sector, environmental cleanliness and Economic Growth: An Empirical Evidence of South Asian Countries","authors":"M. Khan, M. Dost, M. Akram, Pirzada Sami Ullah Sabri","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I3.690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I3.690","url":null,"abstract":"This study plays its role in the literature by investigating the impact of energy consumption on agriculture sector, and environmental cleanliness on Gross Domestic Product, in five South Asian countries from the period of 1990 to 2015. Energy is now becoming a challenge for the South Asian countries especially country like Pakistan. Developing countries are in a race to gather more and more resource for the production of energy. The main objective of research is to examine the short-run and long-run relationship between economic growth and energy consumption on agriculture sector of economy in South Asian countries. Granger causality test and Error correction model is employed to get the results. The empirical results showed the presence of co-integration among the variables and it indicates gross domestic product has a positive relationship with energy consumption in agriculture sector and environmental cleanliness. Granger causality results showed that unidirectional causality is present between gross domestic product and agricultural sector while no causality is present among environment cleanliness.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44715773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Democracy has always been targeted by the forces that are against this particular type of system yet it has emerged as an efficient and more delivering system around the world. In this research article, those forces have been identified and an exclusive analysis has been given with regards to the threats faced by the democratic system of Pakistan. A comprehensive study of the root-causes, which contributes to the destabilization process, has been given. Suggestions and recommendations have also been given to treat the malady of destabilization. Finally, it has been deduced that the states like Pakistan that are under threat of destabilization need socialization and awareness to reduce such threats by rationally coping with the situation.
{"title":"Fragility of Nascent Democracies: A Case Study of Pakistan","authors":"S. H. Bukhari, W. Din, I. Warraich","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I3.685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I3.685","url":null,"abstract":"Democracy has always been targeted by the forces that are against this particular type of system yet it has emerged as an efficient and more delivering system around the world. In this research article, those forces have been identified and an exclusive analysis has been given with regards to the threats faced by the democratic system of Pakistan. A comprehensive study of the root-causes, which contributes to the destabilization process, has been given. Suggestions and recommendations have also been given to treat the malady of destabilization. Finally, it has been deduced that the states like Pakistan that are under threat of destabilization need socialization and awareness to reduce such threats by rationally coping with the situation.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45258403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Rasheed, Sulaman Hafeez Siddiqui, Iqbal Mahmood, S. Khan
SMEs paly major role in poverty reduction and employment generation, therefore experts considered this sector as engine of economic growth. However, access to finance in developing countries is one of major issue in development of SME sector as well as hurdle in economic growth. Financial institutions banking and non-banking shows reluctant behaviour in providing financing to SMEs and the issue is more severe in emerging economies. Bank financing has been found as main source of funds for SMEs in Pakistan, however, to obtain these funds not easy for small and medium firms. Recently digital micro financial services have been introduced by a number of micro finance banks. Current study examines the role of digital micro financial services in enhancing SMEs’ access to finance and thereby enabling a more inclusive financial market for SMEs especially in context of emerging and developing economies. By digging out the existing literature and secondary data, the study discusses that digital financial services have greatly helped owner managers of SMEs in smooth management of their transactions and finances. The study concludes that to strengthen SME sector for economic growth, it is important to further reduce the cost of using digital financial services and increase the financial product portfolio on digital platforms.
{"title":"Financial Inclusion for SMEs: Role of Digital Micro-financial Services","authors":"R. Rasheed, Sulaman Hafeez Siddiqui, Iqbal Mahmood, S. Khan","doi":"10.26710/READS.V5I3.686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26710/READS.V5I3.686","url":null,"abstract":"SMEs paly major role in poverty reduction and employment generation, therefore experts considered this sector as engine of economic growth. However, access to finance in developing countries is one of major issue in development of SME sector as well as hurdle in economic growth. Financial institutions banking and non-banking shows reluctant behaviour in providing financing to SMEs and the issue is more severe in emerging economies. Bank financing has been found as main source of funds for SMEs in Pakistan, however, to obtain these funds not easy for small and medium firms. Recently digital micro financial services have been introduced by a number of micro finance banks. Current study examines the role of digital micro financial services in enhancing SMEs’ access to finance and thereby enabling a more inclusive financial market for SMEs especially in context of emerging and developing economies. By digging out the existing literature and secondary data, the study discusses that digital financial services have greatly helped owner managers of SMEs in smooth management of their transactions and finances. The study concludes that to strengthen SME sector for economic growth, it is important to further reduce the cost of using digital financial services and increase the financial product portfolio on digital platforms.","PeriodicalId":32725,"journal":{"name":"Review of Economics and Development Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44795415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：