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La formation pratique des enseignants du 21ème siècle au Maroc 摩洛哥21世纪教师的实践培训
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.37870/joqie.v11i18.275
Ibrahim Bouabdallah
Les cursus de formation des enseignants incluant des stages de terrain sont parmi les variables d’ajustement des systèmes éducatifs. Au Maroc, les stagiaires achèvent des activités pratiques qui relèvent de multiples dispositifs de formation. Cependant, les établissements de stage ont montré une faible contribution pour assurer le développement professionnel. Une méta-analyse de trente documents a été effectuée pour établir l’état actuel des formations pratiques des enseignants de demain. Les résultats montrent une insuffisance des stages en formation initiale pour acquérir le métier d’enseignant. Les activités en situation réelle mises en œuvre dans les centres de formation présentaient de multiples indices de réussite par rapport à celles adoptées pour le recrutement régional. Les établissements d’accueil font face à des contraintes structurales.
包括实地实习在内的教师培训课程是教育系统调整的变量之一。在摩洛哥,受训人员完成各种培训计划下的实际活动。然而,实习机构在确保专业发展方面的贡献很小。对30份文件进行了元分析,以确定未来教师实际培训的现状。结果表明,教师职业的初步培训课程不足。与区域征聘活动相比,在培训中心进行的实际活动有许多成功的指标。接待机构面临着结构上的限制。
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引用次数: 0
Investigating Impact of Parental Motivations and Involvement within a Developing Country 在发展中国家调查父母动机和参与的影响
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.37870/joqie.v11i18.265
Michael Asamani Pobbi
This research investigated the effects of attitude and beliefs, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control on parents’ home-based and school-based involvement in child education. The paper reports quantitative findings from a cross-sectional survey based on a concurrent mixed design. Primary data was collected from five hundred and sixty (560) parents who were selected randomly from deprived and non-deprived districts across six regions of Ghana. The Cronbach α of reliability for attitude and belief, perceived behavioural control, subjective norm, home-based and school-based involvement exceeded the minimum threshold. Results from structural equation modelling analysis based on a bootstrapping technique reveal that the model of the study was confirmed, as the data showed equivalence to model assessment measures including CFI = 0.979, TLI = 0.975, GFI = 0.942, AGFI = 0.922, RMSEA = 0.049, χ2/df = 2.292. The finding of the study indicated that attitude and beliefs, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control of parents significantly impact home-based involvement, whiles perceived behavioural control and subjective norms of parents had significantly impact on school-based involvement.
本研究探讨了态度信念、主观规范和感知行为控制对父母家庭和学校参与儿童教育的影响。本文报告了基于并行混合设计的横断面调查的定量结果。主要数据是从加纳六个地区的贫困和非贫困地区随机抽取的560名家长中收集的。态度信念、感知行为控制、主观规范、家庭参与和学校参与的信度Cronbach α均超过最低阈值。基于bootstrapping技术的结构方程建模分析结果表明,研究的模型得到了证实,CFI = 0.979, TLI = 0.975, GFI = 0.942, AGFI = 0.922, RMSEA = 0.049, χ2/df = 2.292,模型评价指标的数据均相等。研究发现,父母的态度信念、主观规范、行为控制感知对家庭参与有显著影响,父母行为控制感知和主观规范对学校参与有显著影响。
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引用次数: 0
Microplanning and Language Policy in Morocco 摩洛哥的微观规划和语言政策
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.37870/joqie.v11i18.270
Aziz Moummou
Language policy and planning (LPP) has undergone an epistemological turn. Early LPP works approached linguistic diversity as a problem; especially for the newly independent states, but in today’s globalized world, multilingualism is the norm. A major issue that characterizes contemporary LPP in Morocco and needs further investigation is the interaction between macro-policies and local practices. Most top down language policies face resistance from speech communities. The purpose of this paper is to illuminate the role of micro-planning and local agents in implementing a workable language policy. The aim is to reduce the gap between LPP research and local practices by using an ethnographic approach. Ruiz orientational model and Spolsky’s management theory provide a rich theoretical framework. Micro-planning can translate central policies into local practices.
语言政策与规划(LPP)经历了一个认识论的转折。早期的LPP作品将语言多样性视为一个问题;特别是对于新独立的国家来说,但在当今全球化的世界里,使用多种语言是常态。摩洛哥当代LPP的一个主要问题是宏观政策和地方实践之间的互动,需要进一步调查。大多数自上而下的语言政策都面临着来自言论社区的抵制。本文的目的是阐明微观规划和地方代理在实施可行的语言政策中的作用。其目的是通过使用人种学方法来缩小LPP研究与当地实践之间的差距。鲁伊斯定位模型和斯波尔斯基管理理论提供了丰富的理论框架。微观规划可以将中央政策转化为地方实践。
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引用次数: 0
Cannabis cultivation as a factor influencing scholastic performance 大麻种植是影响学习成绩的一个因素
Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.37870/joqie.v11i18.266
Yassin Meklach, A. Merzouki
The secondary school performance of Ghomara’s students (coastal area of Chefchaouen province, Rif Mountain, Morocco) is deeply influenced by the cultivation of cannabis practiced by many Ghomarian families. To highlight this relationship, a field study was conducted with students, their parents, and other stakeholders through the adoption of a quantitative and qualitative sociological approach. It then appears that most of the students, especially boys, from cannabis families had annual averages assessment marks (AAM) less than 10/20. These marks do not allow them to continue their schooling. In addition, other factors are added to aggravate the already precarious situation, such as the need for manpower to carry out family farming activities, the social reluctance towards education, the inadequacy of education system to the labour market and the mistrust of the local population to the reforms of the national education system recently proposed by the government.
戈马拉学生(摩洛哥里夫山舍夫沙万省沿海地区)的中学成绩深受许多戈马拉家庭种植大麻的影响。为了强调这种关系,通过采用定量和定性社会学方法,对学生、家长和其他利益相关者进行了实地研究。因此,来自大麻家庭的大多数学生,特别是男孩,年平均评估分数(AAM)低于10/20。这些分数使他们无法继续学业。此外,还有其他因素加剧了已经岌岌可危的局势,例如需要人力来开展家庭农业活动、社会对教育的不情愿、教育制度对劳动力市场的不足以及当地居民对政府最近提出的国家教育制度改革的不信任。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of head teachers’ partnerships collaboration on inclusive education implementation 校长合作伙伴关系对全纳教育实施的影响
Pub Date : 2021-05-15 DOI: 10.37870/JOQIE.V11I17.252
D. Shiwani
The study investigated effect of head teachers’ partnerships collaboration on inclusive education implementation. Bartalanffy (1969) open systems advocates for head teachers to coordinate partnerships to address the lack of support systems for inclusive education. Descriptive survey was applied, and Chi-square tested the null hypothesis. Questionnaires were administered to 71 head teachers and 297 teachers, supplemented by document analysis. Interview was used on eight Quality Assurance Standards Officers (QASOs) and four Education Assessment Resource Centre Officers (EARCs). Quantitative data was coded and analysed using descriptive statistics, and presented in frequency tables and bar graphs. Qualitative data was coded, transcribed and presented in narrative form. Quantitative and qualitative data findings were discussed in juxtaposition with confirming or refuting the research evidence, and reinforcing the interpretation. The study established that majority of schools lacked well- structured coordinated partnerships. This implied that there was low partnership participation in schools’ programs as referenced by head teachers and teachers on provision for specialized teaching and learning resources, 63.4% and 63.3%; assessment of learners, 64.8% and 70.4%; funds outsourcing, 69% and 69.7%. It was recommended that head teachers should increase capacities in partnerships collaboration, and institute well-structured coordinated framework for partnerships engagement for effective inclusive education implementation.
本研究探讨了班主任伙伴合作对全纳教育实施的影响。Bartalanffy(1969)提倡校长协调伙伴关系,以解决全纳教育缺乏支持系统的问题。采用描述性调查,卡方检验零假设。对71名班主任和297名教师进行问卷调查,并辅以文献分析。8名质素保证标准主任及4名教育评核资源中心主任接受访谈。定量数据用描述性统计编码和分析,并以频率表和条形图表示。定性数据被编码、转录并以叙述形式呈现。定量和定性的数据发现并置讨论,以确认或反驳研究证据,并加强解释。研究表明,大多数学校缺乏结构良好、协调一致的伙伴关系。这意味着班主任和教师在提供专业教与学资源方面的合作参与率较低,分别为63.4%和63.3%;学习者评价,64.8%和70.4%;资金外包,69%和69.7%。会议建议,校长应提高伙伴关系协作的能力,并为有效实施全纳教育制定结构良好的伙伴关系参与协调框架。
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引用次数: 0
Qui « décroche » de l’université ? Le cas des étudiants de la région Aquitaine (France) 谁从大学“毕业”了?来自阿基坦地区(法国)的学生
Pub Date : 2021-05-15 DOI: 10.37870/JOQIE.V11I17.249
J. Zaffran, Maud Aigle
La lutte contre le décrochage à l’université recueille un large consensus auprès des différents acteurs politiques et universitaires. Quels que soient les référentiels, la nécessité d’un changement des conditions d’accompagnement des étudiants est souvent rappelée, avec à l’appui le taux de réussite en fin de 1re année de licence qui reste insuffisant et les abandons sont en nombre importants. Or, la manière de présenter publiquement le problème mélange les situations d’abandon définitif des études, de réorientation et d’interruption provisoire des études. Qui décroche réellement à l’université et combien sont-ils vraiment ? Notre communication a deux objectifs. Le premier objectif est de présenter les résultats d’une vaste enquête par questionnaire menée à l’échelle d’une région auprès des sortants sans diplôme. Au regard de ces résultats, le second objectif est de pointer les facteurs explicatifs du décrochage à l’université mais surtout de souligner la nature processuelle du problème.
反对大学辍学率的斗争在不同的政治和学术参与者中有广泛的共识。无论参考标准是什么,经常提到有必要改变学生的支持条件,支持的是学士学位第一年结束时的成功率仍然不足,辍学率很高。然而,公开提出这个问题的方式混合了永久退学、重新定位和暂时中断学习的情况。谁真正从大学毕业,到底有多少人?我们的沟通有两个目的。第一个目标是提出一项针对没有文凭的毕业生的广泛区域问卷调查的结果。根据这些结果,第二个目标是指出大学辍学率的解释因素,但最重要的是强调问题的程序性。
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引用次数: 1
Décrochage scolaire des jeunes filles au Mali : contraintes et défis 马里女孩早退:限制和挑战
Pub Date : 2021-05-05 DOI: 10.37870/JOQIE.V11I17.258
S. Loua
Le travail s’articule autour des questions suivantes : Quelles sont les pesanteurs socioculturelles qui expliquent le décrochage scolaire rapide des filles au Mali ? Quelles alternatives d’amélioration ont été mises en place ? Quelles sont les limites des politiques publiques jusqu’ici engagées ? L’objectif visé est pluriel car, il s’agit entre autres, d’analyser la situation scolaire des jeunes filles maliennes, de saisir les raisons de leur décrochage, de décrypter les politiques publiques en la matière et de dégager quelques perspectives d’amélioration.
这项工作围绕以下问题展开:是什么社会文化因素导致马里女孩迅速辍学?实施了哪些改进方案?到目前为止,公共政策的局限性是什么?目标是多方面的,因为除其他外,目的是分析马里女孩的教育状况,了解她们辍学的原因,解读有关这一问题的公共政策,并确定一些改善的前景。
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引用次数: 0
Droit à l’éducation de l’enfant : une mise en perspective à travers la question de l’abandon scolaire au Sénégal 儿童受教育权:塞内加尔辍学问题的视角
Pub Date : 2021-05-05 DOI: 10.37870/JOQIE.V11I17.256
T. Diallo, Mouhamadou Fall
L’objectif de cet article est d’apporter une contribution au débat sur le droit à l’éducation de l’enfant. Précisément, notre propos est d’étudier les raisons d’abandon scolaire des jeunes enfants fréquentant l’école primaire à partir des données de la dernière enquête nationale de suivi de la pauvreté. Pour ce faire, nous avons d’abord utilisé les statistiques bivariées et les méthodes de l’analyse en composantes principales et de la classification ascendante hiérarchique pour effectuer une analyse de type descriptif des enfants décrocheurs, et avons ensuite identifié les facteurs explicatifs de l’abandon scolaire à l’aide d’un modèle LOGIT. La démarche retenue a permis de mettre en évidence un certain nombre de résultats. Il est ressorti de l’étude que l’abandon est un phénomène à caractère multidimensionnel et que la plupart des enfants quittent l’école avant d’atteindre la dernière classe du cycle primaire. Les caractéristiques individuelles (en particulier l’âge et le sexe de l’enfant) et familiales (notamment le niveau d’éducation, la catégorie socioprofessionnelle et la religion du chef de ménage), ainsi que les mauvais résultats scolaires (en l’occurrence l’échec à l’examen) sont les principaux déterminants de l’abandon scolaire des jeunes enfants au Sénégal.
本文的目的是为关于儿童受教育权的辩论作出贡献。具体而言,我们的目的是根据最新的全国贫困监测调查数据,研究小学幼儿辍学的原因。为此,我们首先使用双变量统计和主成分分析和分级升序方法对辍学儿童进行描述性类型分析,然后使用LOGIT模型确定辍学的解释因素。所采用的方法显示了一些结果。研究表明,辍学是一种多层面现象,大多数儿童在上小学最后一节课之前辍学。个人特征(特别是儿童的年龄和性别)和家庭特征(尤其是户主的教育水平、社会职业类别和宗教)以及学业成绩差(考试不及格)是塞内加尔幼儿辍学的主要决定因素。
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引用次数: 0
An Electronic training program to treat errors of reading aloud in the English language among students with learning difficulties during the emerging Covid-19 一项电子培训计划,旨在治疗新冠肺炎期间学习困难学生的英语朗读错误
Pub Date : 2021-05-05 DOI: 10.37870/JOQIE.V11I17.251
M. Khasawneh
This study aims at identifying, analysing, and classifying the mistakes that students make in grades (second, third, and fourth) in the elementary stage in Aseer in reading aloud and developing a proposed program to treat these errors. The study used the experimental approach. The study sample consisted of (72) male and female students from the study population, representing the three grade levels. 24 students (12 males and 12 females) were taken from each grade, and the study sample was taken from seven schools. The results of the study showed that there are no statistically significant differences in students ’reading errors due to the gender variable. The prevalence of reading errors in students’ readings is not related to males or females or vice versa. Despite the difference between the reader's gender and the teacher’s gender, the differences came free of any clear statistical significance. The study revealed statistically significant differences in students’ mastery of some reading skills due to the gender variable. The skills that showed differences are observing punctuation, meaning skills, and reading speed. Females were better than males in these skills, and there were no statistically significant differences in the remaining reading skills between the genders. The study recommended preparing training courses to familiarize male and female teachers with the latest findings of studies related to reading to employ them in educational situations and providing teachers with methods to diagnose students' weakness in reading.
本研究旨在识别、分析和分类学生在小学阶段(二、三、四年级)在朗读中犯下的错误,并制定一个处理这些错误的程序。这项研究采用了实验方法。研究样本包括来自研究人群的(72)名男女学生,代表三个年级。每个年级抽取24名学生(12名男性和12名女性),研究样本取自7所学校。研究结果表明,由于性别差异,学生的阅读错误没有统计学上的显著差异。学生阅读错误的发生率与男性或女性无关,反之亦然。尽管读者的性别和教师的性别存在差异,但这些差异没有任何明显的统计学意义。该研究显示,由于性别差异,学生在某些阅读技能的掌握方面存在统计学上的显著差异。表现出差异的技能是观察标点符号、意义技能和阅读速度。女性在这些技能上优于男性,而且在剩余阅读技能方面,性别之间没有统计学上的显著差异。该研究建议准备培训课程,让男教师和女教师熟悉与阅读有关的研究的最新结果,以便在教育环境中使用他们,并为教师提供诊断学生阅读弱点的方法。
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引用次数: 10
Education systems facing the challenges of covid-19 教育系统面临新冠肺炎的挑战
Pub Date : 2020-11-11 DOI: 10.37870/joqie.v10i16
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引用次数: 0
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The Journal of Quality in Education
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