Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744157
M. Masuk, M. Hossain, Jarif Mahadi
A symmetrical surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based dual D-shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensor has been proposed and investigated by finite element method (FEM) based mode solver. The fiber has a circular core based on ring of air holes on inner layer and an outer layer of hexagonal lattice. As plasmonic material, gold is applied to the surface that has been polished. The sensor exhibits a maximum sensitivity of 37900 nm/RIU in wavelength interrogation and a wavelength resolution of 2.64×10−6 RIU in the sensing range of 1.36–1.42, which is a suitable range for biosensing applications, such as cancer detection. Maximum amplitude sensitivity obtained is 2570 RIU−1. Due to high sensitivity in both wavelength and amplitude interrogation approaches, suitable range and ease of fabrication complexity, the proposed fiber can be considered as an optimum alternative for bio-molecular analyte detection.
{"title":"A Plasmonic Biosensor Based on Dual D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber","authors":"M. Masuk, M. Hossain, Jarif Mahadi","doi":"10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744157","url":null,"abstract":"A symmetrical surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based dual D-shaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) biosensor has been proposed and investigated by finite element method (FEM) based mode solver. The fiber has a circular core based on ring of air holes on inner layer and an outer layer of hexagonal lattice. As plasmonic material, gold is applied to the surface that has been polished. The sensor exhibits a maximum sensitivity of 37900 nm/RIU in wavelength interrogation and a wavelength resolution of 2.64×10−6 RIU in the sensing range of 1.36–1.42, which is a suitable range for biosensing applications, such as cancer detection. Maximum amplitude sensitivity obtained is 2570 RIU−1. Due to high sensitivity in both wavelength and amplitude interrogation approaches, suitable range and ease of fabrication complexity, the proposed fiber can be considered as an optimum alternative for bio-molecular analyte detection.","PeriodicalId":328336,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (ICTP)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115049249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744202
Nayem Al Kayed, M. Karim, Abrar Hussain, Nusrat Jahan, B. Rahman
In this paper, we have proposed a novel supercontinuum (SC) light source which can emit a broadband spectrum in the mid-infrared (MIR) region ranging from 760 nm to 6675 nm. The proposed 3-mm-long inversely tapered shaped waveguide is optimized numerically adopting the parabolic tapering approach. Structurally, the waveguide is comprised of silicon nitride (Si3N4) as core material and silica (SiO2) for upper and lower claddings. The proposed structure is tuned for pumping only in the anomalous group-velocity dispersion regime through varying waveguide width along the pulse propagation direction. The predicted SC spectra between the proposed design with the designs which have no tapering at all (typical uniform waveguide) in terms of MIR expansion and spectral flatness is compared. Simulation results show a good spectral flatness throughout the spectral region covered apart from broadband spectral bandwidth predicted in the MIR. All geometries considered here are excited at 1.55 μm wavelength with an ultrashort pulse of 50-fs duration and a moderate peak power of 10 kW.
{"title":"Wideband Mid-Infrared Supercontinuum Generation Using Inverse Tapered Silicon Nitride Waveguide","authors":"Nayem Al Kayed, M. Karim, Abrar Hussain, Nusrat Jahan, B. Rahman","doi":"10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744202","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we have proposed a novel supercontinuum (SC) light source which can emit a broadband spectrum in the mid-infrared (MIR) region ranging from 760 nm to 6675 nm. The proposed 3-mm-long inversely tapered shaped waveguide is optimized numerically adopting the parabolic tapering approach. Structurally, the waveguide is comprised of silicon nitride (Si3N4) as core material and silica (SiO2) for upper and lower claddings. The proposed structure is tuned for pumping only in the anomalous group-velocity dispersion regime through varying waveguide width along the pulse propagation direction. The predicted SC spectra between the proposed design with the designs which have no tapering at all (typical uniform waveguide) in terms of MIR expansion and spectral flatness is compared. Simulation results show a good spectral flatness throughout the spectral region covered apart from broadband spectral bandwidth predicted in the MIR. All geometries considered here are excited at 1.55 μm wavelength with an ultrashort pulse of 50-fs duration and a moderate peak power of 10 kW.","PeriodicalId":328336,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (ICTP)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126694477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744181
Saif Alomari, J. Figueiredo
In this paper, we propose physical rules for designing resonant tunneling diode-based photodetectors. These rules are employed to design two devices based on the InGaAs/InP material system, which can theoretically reach speeds of 10 GHz. The calculations are supported by simulations using Silvaco ATLAS software.
{"title":"Resonant Tunneling Diode Based Photodetectors Design Rules for Telecom Applications","authors":"Saif Alomari, J. Figueiredo","doi":"10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744181","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose physical rules for designing resonant tunneling diode-based photodetectors. These rules are employed to design two devices based on the InGaAs/InP material system, which can theoretically reach speeds of 10 GHz. The calculations are supported by simulations using Silvaco ATLAS software.","PeriodicalId":328336,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (ICTP)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114809945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744149
Tarpan Paul, Md. Tareq Mahmud, Md. Obaidur Rahman
In the field of exploration and monitoring the underwater environment, the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) shows a significant influence nowadays. Due to the challenging IoUT environment, medium access control (MAC) protocols designed for traditional terrestrial networks cannot perform effectively in IoUT networks. Long propagation delay, high channel fading and limited bandwidth refrain radio waves to underwater usage. To overcome these limitations, acoustic waves are preferred. Moreover, a sensor has limited energy and battery replacement is not easy under water. Hence, retransmission and multiple transmission concept-based MAC protocols designed for IoUT networks are found energy inefficient due to suffering from higher transmission delay, lower bandwidth utilization and longer duty cycle. In this paper, we propose an Energy-Efficient Receiver-Initiated Cooperative (E2RIC) MAC Protocol for IoUT Networks where the data receiver is an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). To ensure energy efficiency, communication reliability and higher sensor lifetime, the AUV selects an optimal cooperator/relay for each of the sender nodes to perform cooperative data communication by eliminating retransmission and multiple transmission concepts. In comparison to the state-of-the-art MAC schemes, the proposed E2RIC-MAC protocol exhibits considerable improvements in terms of energy consumption, overall network throughput, and end-to-end latency.
在水下环境探测和监测领域，水下物联网(Internet of underwater Things, IoUT)发挥着重要的作用。由于具有挑战性的IoUT环境，为传统地面网络设计的介质访问控制(MAC)协议无法在IoUT网络中有效地发挥作用。长传播延迟、高信道衰落和有限的带宽限制了无线电波在水下的使用。为了克服这些限制，声波是首选。此外，传感器的能量有限，在水下更换电池也不容易。因此，针对IoUT网络设计的基于重传和多传概念的MAC协议，由于传输延迟较高、带宽利用率较低、占空比较长，能效较低。在本文中，我们提出了一种节能的接收器发起的合作(E2RIC) MAC协议用于IoUT网络，其中数据接收器是自主水下航行器(AUV)。为了保证能源效率、通信可靠性和更高的传感器寿命，AUV为每个发送节点选择一个最优的合作者/中继器，通过消除重传和多次传输的概念来进行协同数据通信。与最先进的MAC方案相比，提议的e2ricc -MAC协议在能耗、整体网络吞吐量和端到端延迟方面表现出相当大的改进。
{"title":"E2RIC: Energy-Efficient Receiver-Initiated Cooperative MAC Protocol for IoUT Networks","authors":"Tarpan Paul, Md. Tareq Mahmud, Md. Obaidur Rahman","doi":"10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744149","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of exploration and monitoring the underwater environment, the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) shows a significant influence nowadays. Due to the challenging IoUT environment, medium access control (MAC) protocols designed for traditional terrestrial networks cannot perform effectively in IoUT networks. Long propagation delay, high channel fading and limited bandwidth refrain radio waves to underwater usage. To overcome these limitations, acoustic waves are preferred. Moreover, a sensor has limited energy and battery replacement is not easy under water. Hence, retransmission and multiple transmission concept-based MAC protocols designed for IoUT networks are found energy inefficient due to suffering from higher transmission delay, lower bandwidth utilization and longer duty cycle. In this paper, we propose an Energy-Efficient Receiver-Initiated Cooperative (E2RIC) MAC Protocol for IoUT Networks where the data receiver is an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV). To ensure energy efficiency, communication reliability and higher sensor lifetime, the AUV selects an optimal cooperator/relay for each of the sender nodes to perform cooperative data communication by eliminating retransmission and multiple transmission concepts. In comparison to the state-of-the-art MAC schemes, the proposed E2RIC-MAC protocol exhibits considerable improvements in terms of energy consumption, overall network throughput, and end-to-end latency.","PeriodicalId":328336,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (ICTP)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126231238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744247
Md. Sadik Awal, D. Saha, M. Uddin
Data aggregation (DA) is an effective technique to support the growing traffic of the machine-to-machine (M2M) communication systems. This paper considers the problem of improving the delay and power consumption performance in DA-based uplink M2M communication systems. For this purpose, we propose an algorithm for balancing the number of machines (MCs) associated with the aggregators (AGs), taking into account the energy consumption of the MCs. We assume that the MCs use a carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) medium access control (MAC) protocol to transmit traffic to its AG, and the AGs use different channels. By simulation results, we demonstrate that the proposed method significantly reduces the average delay and the energy consumption per packet compared to the signal-to-noise ratio-based AG selection method. Furthermore, we find that the allowable traffic arrival rate per MC can be significantly increased under the proposed method.
{"title":"Improvement of Packet Delay and Energy Consumption in Data Aggregation Based M2M Communication System","authors":"Md. Sadik Awal, D. Saha, M. Uddin","doi":"10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744247","url":null,"abstract":"Data aggregation (DA) is an effective technique to support the growing traffic of the machine-to-machine (M2M) communication systems. This paper considers the problem of improving the delay and power consumption performance in DA-based uplink M2M communication systems. For this purpose, we propose an algorithm for balancing the number of machines (MCs) associated with the aggregators (AGs), taking into account the energy consumption of the MCs. We assume that the MCs use a carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) medium access control (MAC) protocol to transmit traffic to its AG, and the AGs use different channels. By simulation results, we demonstrate that the proposed method significantly reduces the average delay and the energy consumption per packet compared to the signal-to-noise ratio-based AG selection method. Furthermore, we find that the allowable traffic arrival rate per MC can be significantly increased under the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":328336,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (ICTP)","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133973846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744133
Nuzhat Tabassum
Information fusion modeling is quickly becoming a pioneer for disseminating and accumulating intelligence in the field of development and analysis of technological and scientific research. It also has an enormous impact on the study of social networks and business analysis. Due to the evolution of Internet technology, the flow of information has greatly increased in the contemporary life of people. The paper sets out an information fusion modeling study based on an email archive for the analysis of certain communication networks. The proposed study is on the borderline of graph theory and machine learning. It is suitable for big data with timestamps and it offers a unique way of their exploration also in an unsupervised manner. The proposed framework uses only the flow control from the email metadata set for the fusion model. The descriptive statistics approach was applied to evaluate the dataset’s quantitative properties such as frequency count of total mail sent and received, percentage coverage, and the intersection of sender and receiver. Furthermore, the fusion model mined for topological features in these temporal graphs and analyzed the change in the communication pattern over time.
{"title":"A Case Study on Information Fusion Modelling in Email Archives","authors":"Nuzhat Tabassum","doi":"10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744133","url":null,"abstract":"Information fusion modeling is quickly becoming a pioneer for disseminating and accumulating intelligence in the field of development and analysis of technological and scientific research. It also has an enormous impact on the study of social networks and business analysis. Due to the evolution of Internet technology, the flow of information has greatly increased in the contemporary life of people. The paper sets out an information fusion modeling study based on an email archive for the analysis of certain communication networks. The proposed study is on the borderline of graph theory and machine learning. It is suitable for big data with timestamps and it offers a unique way of their exploration also in an unsupervised manner. The proposed framework uses only the flow control from the email metadata set for the fusion model. The descriptive statistics approach was applied to evaluate the dataset’s quantitative properties such as frequency count of total mail sent and received, percentage coverage, and the intersection of sender and receiver. Furthermore, the fusion model mined for topological features in these temporal graphs and analyzed the change in the communication pattern over time.","PeriodicalId":328336,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (ICTP)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115499807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744193
Md. Esa Ibn Eunus, Md Ariful Haque, Md. Saifur Rahman
Quantum communication allows us to share information by using the quantum states of qubits. Superdense coding is a very popular protocol or scheme for quantum communication, which uses entangled qubits. Entangled qubits can also be used to share information using an ALOHA based protocol. Performance evaluation of these protocols is essential for their implementation in quantum communication. In this paper, we calculate the bit error rates (BERs) of these two entanglement-based quantum communication schemes. It has been noticed that the BER performance is improved in an ALOHA based scheme compared to the Superdense coding scheme. However, without using any error correction schemes, the BERs are still very high in both the cases compared to the classical communication methods. The BER performance can be further improved by using the appropriate error correction schemes, which are under investigation.
{"title":"Calculation of Bit Error Rates for Superdense and ALOHA based Quantum Communication","authors":"Md. Esa Ibn Eunus, Md Ariful Haque, Md. Saifur Rahman","doi":"10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744193","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum communication allows us to share information by using the quantum states of qubits. Superdense coding is a very popular protocol or scheme for quantum communication, which uses entangled qubits. Entangled qubits can also be used to share information using an ALOHA based protocol. Performance evaluation of these protocols is essential for their implementation in quantum communication. In this paper, we calculate the bit error rates (BERs) of these two entanglement-based quantum communication schemes. It has been noticed that the BER performance is improved in an ALOHA based scheme compared to the Superdense coding scheme. However, without using any error correction schemes, the BERs are still very high in both the cases compared to the classical communication methods. The BER performance can be further improved by using the appropriate error correction schemes, which are under investigation.","PeriodicalId":328336,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (ICTP)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121617982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on short-term load forecasting in Bangladesh has been investigated in this paper. Machine learning models have been proved to be the most efficient regarding such prediction. Models like Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Random Forest (RF) have been used in this study to build robust models taking the COVID-19 lockdown situation into account. Data sets for the models were formulated by taking daily generation reports, weather indicators and holidays. This study aims to compare different machine learning models to find out the best model for load forecasting keeping into account the impact of COVID-19 lockdown. The results of these methods have been compared based on accuracy metrics. It has been observed that LSTM shows the least error among the compared models.
{"title":"Short-Term Load Forecasting Model Considering the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown in Bangladesh","authors":"Shahriar Tarvir Nushin, Ahmed Shadman Alam, Fahim Abid, Nadim Ahmed, Fardin Sohel","doi":"10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744210","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on short-term load forecasting in Bangladesh has been investigated in this paper. Machine learning models have been proved to be the most efficient regarding such prediction. Models like Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Random Forest (RF) have been used in this study to build robust models taking the COVID-19 lockdown situation into account. Data sets for the models were formulated by taking daily generation reports, weather indicators and holidays. This study aims to compare different machine learning models to find out the best model for load forecasting keeping into account the impact of COVID-19 lockdown. The results of these methods have been compared based on accuracy metrics. It has been observed that LSTM shows the least error among the compared models.","PeriodicalId":328336,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (ICTP)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122959200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744212
Foez Ahmed, Robi Paul, I. K. Amin, Arif Ahammad
COVID-19 infection has been one of the fastest spreading pandemics of the 21st century. Having claimed over 4.5 million lives, the virus is still at the high potential of further mutation and rapid spreading. Although Some vaccines have been discovered and administered to prevent fatalities, they are sometimes found to be ineffective against the newer variants. Moreover, the vaccines are not meant to slow down the speed of the virus, rather it is meant to prevent severe cases and fatalities. Therefore, it is extremely important to minimize the rate of spreading, especially in the case of new variants. The spread can be minimized by wearing mask in densely populated areas, making public places disinfected and also isolating infected persons from the rest as soon as possible. Therefore, in this research, a system is designed to automatically check for people without wearing masks, disinfect surfaces and also it can successfully identify infected people as early as possible with an accuracy of up to 69% cases. Even when the system is not certain that the person is infected, it still provides a precautionary warning that the person might be infected. With the continuous collection of the diagnostic data from this research, it is expected that COVID-19 infected patients will be quickly identified and maintain the safety of everyone.
{"title":"Design and Development of a Disinfecting System for COVID-19","authors":"Foez Ahmed, Robi Paul, I. K. Amin, Arif Ahammad","doi":"10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744212","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 infection has been one of the fastest spreading pandemics of the 21st century. Having claimed over 4.5 million lives, the virus is still at the high potential of further mutation and rapid spreading. Although Some vaccines have been discovered and administered to prevent fatalities, they are sometimes found to be ineffective against the newer variants. Moreover, the vaccines are not meant to slow down the speed of the virus, rather it is meant to prevent severe cases and fatalities. Therefore, it is extremely important to minimize the rate of spreading, especially in the case of new variants. The spread can be minimized by wearing mask in densely populated areas, making public places disinfected and also isolating infected persons from the rest as soon as possible. Therefore, in this research, a system is designed to automatically check for people without wearing masks, disinfect surfaces and also it can successfully identify infected people as early as possible with an accuracy of up to 69% cases. Even when the system is not certain that the person is infected, it still provides a precautionary warning that the person might be infected. With the continuous collection of the diagnostic data from this research, it is expected that COVID-19 infected patients will be quickly identified and maintain the safety of everyone.","PeriodicalId":328336,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (ICTP)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126603169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The demand for higher data rates, spectral efficiency, and large-scale integration of photonic components has been on the exponential rise in recent years and has pushed the need for energy-efficient devices. In this paper, we have presented a versatile modulator structure to generate higher-order modulation formats-QPSK, 8PSK, 8APSK, and 16APSK using microring modulators (MRM). We have incorporated a low power consuming U-shaped MRM in our proposed structure. The design has been simulated and mathematically analyzed.
{"title":"Re-configurable higher order optical modulation format generator based on microring modulator","authors":"Satyabrata Singha, Nitish Sinha, Srikanta Das, Suman Debnath, Bishanka Brata Bhowmik","doi":"10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTP53732.2021.9744185","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for higher data rates, spectral efficiency, and large-scale integration of photonic components has been on the exponential rise in recent years and has pushed the need for energy-efficient devices. In this paper, we have presented a versatile modulator structure to generate higher-order modulation formats-QPSK, 8PSK, 8APSK, and 16APSK using microring modulators (MRM). We have incorporated a low power consuming U-shaped MRM in our proposed structure. The design has been simulated and mathematically analyzed.","PeriodicalId":328336,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Telecommunications and Photonics (ICTP)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122642094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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