The usefulness of data within organizations is proposed to be partially dependent upon the characteristics of those organization members who actually use it. Certain types of data are more likely to be accessed and utilized by organization members when they prefer working with it. The value and usefulness of data is therefore partially determined by the desire of individuals to use it. Because critical data may not be in a preferred format, it can be overlooked or ignored by some organizational members. Moreover, organizational members may also rely too heavily on their favored types of data. Thus, inappropriate access and use of data can occur within organizational decision making. This can result in ineffective decision-making and poor organizational performance. The purpose of this study is to propose relationships between the users of both tacit and explicit knowledge and their preferred cognitive style and to test these proposed relationships using empirical data.
{"title":"Adaption-Innovation Theory and Cognitive Diversity: The Impact on Knowledge Use within Organizations","authors":"Michael A. Chilton, J. Bloodgood","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.44","url":null,"abstract":"The usefulness of data within organizations is proposed to be partially dependent upon the characteristics of those organization members who actually use it. Certain types of data are more likely to be accessed and utilized by organization members when they prefer working with it. The value and usefulness of data is therefore partially determined by the desire of individuals to use it. Because critical data may not be in a preferred format, it can be overlooked or ignored by some organizational members. Moreover, organizational members may also rely too heavily on their favored types of data. Thus, inappropriate access and use of data can occur within organizational decision making. This can result in ineffective decision-making and poor organizational performance. The purpose of this study is to propose relationships between the users of both tacit and explicit knowledge and their preferred cognitive style and to test these proposed relationships using empirical data.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"238 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121042428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The functionalities of collaboration technologies (CT) help shape the nature of group interaction in virtual teams. This paper builds on Nonaka 's theory of organizational knowledge creation, and related research, to present and test a research model that focuses on knowledge conversion in CT-supported group work. The model is validated through a laboratory experiment that involved 44 teams of geographically dispersed members. Three levels of technology support were tested. The results demonstrate that the level of technology support impacts knowledge conversion, which influences the teams' shared understanding. Implications for research and practice are highlighted.
{"title":"Knowledge Conversion in GSS-Aided Virtual Teams: An Empirical Study","authors":"Imad Samarah, Souren Paul, Suresh K. Tadisina","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.227","url":null,"abstract":"The functionalities of collaboration technologies (CT) help shape the nature of group interaction in virtual teams. This paper builds on Nonaka 's theory of organizational knowledge creation, and related research, to present and test a research model that focuses on knowledge conversion in CT-supported group work. The model is validated through a laboratory experiment that involved 44 teams of geographically dispersed members. Three levels of technology support were tested. The results demonstrate that the level of technology support impacts knowledge conversion, which influences the teams' shared understanding. Implications for research and practice are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114292969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The synchrophasor technology is maturing to large scale applications. Recent large scale deployment projects emphasize the importance of standards for accuracy and interoperability. Creation of large interconnected networks of Phase Measurement Units requires testing and calibration, as well as integration of embedded monitoring and control systems in the power networks. Such integration creates challenges, but also provides unprecedented opportunities for the flexible control and protection of large scale power systems.
{"title":"Issues Related to the Implementation of Synchrophasor Measurements","authors":"M. Begovic, D. Novosel, B. Djokic","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.221","url":null,"abstract":"The synchrophasor technology is maturing to large scale applications. Recent large scale deployment projects emphasize the importance of standards for accuracy and interoperability. Creation of large interconnected networks of Phase Measurement Units requires testing and calibration, as well as integration of embedded monitoring and control systems in the power networks. Such integration creates challenges, but also provides unprecedented opportunities for the flexible control and protection of large scale power systems.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"329 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122742638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study extends the concept of weak and strong ties to the relationship between an individual and a project, in the context of a formal review process. Using data collected from a project at a research and development laboratory, several hypotheses relating the utility of feedback from reviewers to differing strengths of ties to the project are tested. Results indicate that (1) the value of feedback from stronger ties is higher than from weaker ties; (2) weaker ties generate more unique input; and (3) weaker ties generate a greater amount of non-useful feedback. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.
{"title":"The Value of Weak vs. Strong Ties between Individuals and Projects for New Product Review","authors":"L. Cooper","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.453","url":null,"abstract":"This study extends the concept of weak and strong ties to the relationship between an individual and a project, in the context of a formal review process. Using data collected from a project at a research and development laboratory, several hypotheses relating the utility of feedback from reviewers to differing strengths of ties to the project are tested. Results indicate that (1) the value of feedback from stronger ties is higher than from weaker ties; (2) weaker ties generate more unique input; and (3) weaker ties generate a greater amount of non-useful feedback. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131114363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IT offshoring or offshore outsourcing is a fast growing trend that is worldwide and continuing. Driven by the competitive pressure to reduce IT costs, firms in developed countries opt to buy IT services from offshore service providers in developing countries, which provide comparative advantage in lower labour costs and skilled workforce. While much has been written about its relative costs and benefits, there is a lack of comprehensive research on risks of IT offshoring. This research aims to identify IT offshoring risks based on a comprehensive review of the literature and content analysis. It also aims to map those risks to the extant IT outsourcing governance capabilities framework. The results show that the framework can be usefully extended to a different context of IT offshoring by including strategic management of risks and controls as a governance capability in order to address new and emerging risks in IT offshoring.
{"title":"IT Offshoring Risks and Governance Capabilities","authors":"A. Chatfield, Padmaharsha Wanninayaka","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.223","url":null,"abstract":"IT offshoring or offshore outsourcing is a fast growing trend that is worldwide and continuing. Driven by the competitive pressure to reduce IT costs, firms in developed countries opt to buy IT services from offshore service providers in developing countries, which provide comparative advantage in lower labour costs and skilled workforce. While much has been written about its relative costs and benefits, there is a lack of comprehensive research on risks of IT offshoring. This research aims to identify IT offshoring risks based on a comprehensive review of the literature and content analysis. It also aims to map those risks to the extant IT outsourcing governance capabilities framework. The results show that the framework can be usefully extended to a different context of IT offshoring by including strategic management of risks and controls as a governance capability in order to address new and emerging risks in IT offshoring.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"26 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131165460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We derive a measure of "electrical centrality" for AC power networks, which describes the structure of the network as a function of its electrical topology rather than its physical topology. We compare our centrality measure to conventional measures of network structure using the IEEE 300-bus network. We find that when measured electrically, power networks appear to have a scale-free network structure. Thus, unlike previous studies of the structure of power grids, we find that power networks have a number of highly-connected "hub" buses. This result, and the structure of power networks in general, is likely to have important implications for the reliability and security of power networks.
{"title":"A Centrality Measure for Electrical Networks","authors":"P. Hines, S. Blumsack","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.5","url":null,"abstract":"We derive a measure of \"electrical centrality\" for AC power networks, which describes the structure of the network as a function of its electrical topology rather than its physical topology. We compare our centrality measure to conventional measures of network structure using the IEEE 300-bus network. We find that when measured electrically, power networks appear to have a scale-free network structure. Thus, unlike previous studies of the structure of power grids, we find that power networks have a number of highly-connected \"hub\" buses. This result, and the structure of power networks in general, is likely to have important implications for the reliability and security of power networks.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126985051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scott R. Dahman, Donald J. Morrow, Keith Tynes, J. Weber
Transmission planning should seek to maintain or improve system security over time and facilitate robust wholesale power markets by improving transmission capacity for bulk transfers across wide regions. Uncertainty about the development of future generation resources and regulatory policies complicates the process for long- range transmission planning. Furthermore, the evolution toward regional transmission planning requires that planners analyze and suggest improvements over significantly larger networks than have been studied in the past. Methods are required to screen numerous alternatives to determine those that offer the most cost effective means of security enhancement. This paper presents a methodology for using linear sensitivity analysis to evaluate potential transmission connections and aid selection of those that provide the most cost-effective improvements to overall system security. The methodology is applied to the planning of an extra high-voltage (EHV) overlay for the Southwest Power Pool (SPP) regional transmission system.
{"title":"Advanced Sensitivity Analysis for Long-Range Transmission Expansion Planning","authors":"Scott R. Dahman, Donald J. Morrow, Keith Tynes, J. Weber","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.45","url":null,"abstract":"Transmission planning should seek to maintain or improve system security over time and facilitate robust wholesale power markets by improving transmission capacity for bulk transfers across wide regions. Uncertainty about the development of future generation resources and regulatory policies complicates the process for long- range transmission planning. Furthermore, the evolution toward regional transmission planning requires that planners analyze and suggest improvements over significantly larger networks than have been studied in the past. Methods are required to screen numerous alternatives to determine those that offer the most cost effective means of security enhancement. This paper presents a methodology for using linear sensitivity analysis to evaluate potential transmission connections and aid selection of those that provide the most cost-effective improvements to overall system security. The methodology is applied to the planning of an extra high-voltage (EHV) overlay for the Southwest Power Pool (SPP) regional transmission system.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127697030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The prevalence of P2P technology contributes the ease of file-sharing, but it also brings some problems such as free-riding and copyright infringement. To solve these problems, many researchers have proposed incentive mechanisms. At the same time, some applications and business models based on P2P technology are developed. However, those new business models would not allow users redistribute files which they have downloaded. This study proposes a new business model which adopts a reselling mechanism to distribute contents on P2P networks. Users who have downloaded contents from peers other than the author peer can resell them by paying a portion of reselling gains as the royalty to the author. Content providers and consumers may re-price shared contents dynamically via incremental learning. This study aims to verify that authors can gain more through P2P reselling model than through client/server architecture, and we will investigate into the factors which influence this possibility.
{"title":"Can a P2P File-Sharing Network Become an e-Marketplace?","authors":"Fu-Ren Lin, Hau-ming Lo, Cong-ren Wang","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.86","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of P2P technology contributes the ease of file-sharing, but it also brings some problems such as free-riding and copyright infringement. To solve these problems, many researchers have proposed incentive mechanisms. At the same time, some applications and business models based on P2P technology are developed. However, those new business models would not allow users redistribute files which they have downloaded. This study proposes a new business model which adopts a reselling mechanism to distribute contents on P2P networks. Users who have downloaded contents from peers other than the author peer can resell them by paying a portion of reselling gains as the royalty to the author. Content providers and consumers may re-price shared contents dynamically via incremental learning. This study aims to verify that authors can gain more through P2P reselling model than through client/server architecture, and we will investigate into the factors which influence this possibility.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128113523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the main concerns of IT governance is IT's delivery of value to the business, which is driven by strategic business and IT alignment (SBITA). How to operationally assess the SBITA remains a great challenge for the CIO. This paper treats this problem, taking as a reference, the Henderson and Venkatraman strategic alignment model and expanding from it, a new process perspective of the business and IT governance alignment. There are two main contributions presented in this paper: first, a proposal of a business process and IT service model for assessing the business and IT governance alignment; and second, an illustrative simulation essay on a "business process and IT service model" for identifying and measuring the level of alignment between the business and IT governance, by using the simulation tool called Adoit.
{"title":"Business and IT Governance Alignment Simulation Essay on a Business Process and IT Service Model","authors":"Enrique Silva, Yves Chaix","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.83","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main concerns of IT governance is IT's delivery of value to the business, which is driven by strategic business and IT alignment (SBITA). How to operationally assess the SBITA remains a great challenge for the CIO. This paper treats this problem, taking as a reference, the Henderson and Venkatraman strategic alignment model and expanding from it, a new process perspective of the business and IT governance alignment. There are two main contributions presented in this paper: first, a proposal of a business process and IT service model for assessing the business and IT governance alignment; and second, an illustrative simulation essay on a \"business process and IT service model\" for identifying and measuring the level of alignment between the business and IT governance, by using the simulation tool called Adoit.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131845178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christian Mauro, A. Sunyaev, J. Leimeister, A. Schweiger, H. Krcmar
This paper describes a single sign-on solution for the central management of health care provider's smart cards in hospitals. The proposed approach which is expected to be an improvement over current methods is made possible through the introduction of a national healthcare telematics infrastructure in Germany where every physician and every patient will automatically be given an electronic health smart card (for patients) and a corresponding health professional card (for health care providers). This introduction will cause changes in many existing health care administrative processes. The example process of writing a discharge letter is used in the paper to compare two existing approaches for integrating the new smart cards to the proposed single sign-on approach. Based on the findings we support a centralized single sign-on card management approach which allows us to exploit possible process improvements now and in the future. In closing we outline further application potentials of the described approach for management of smart cards in health care and, in particular, in hospitals.
{"title":"A Proposed Solution for Managing Doctor's Smart Cards in Hospitals Using a Single Sign-On Central Architecture","authors":"Christian Mauro, A. Sunyaev, J. Leimeister, A. Schweiger, H. Krcmar","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.33","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a single sign-on solution for the central management of health care provider's smart cards in hospitals. The proposed approach which is expected to be an improvement over current methods is made possible through the introduction of a national healthcare telematics infrastructure in Germany where every physician and every patient will automatically be given an electronic health smart card (for patients) and a corresponding health professional card (for health care providers). This introduction will cause changes in many existing health care administrative processes. The example process of writing a discharge letter is used in the paper to compare two existing approaches for integrating the new smart cards to the proposed single sign-on approach. Based on the findings we support a centralized single sign-on card management approach which allows us to exploit possible process improvements now and in the future. In closing we outline further application potentials of the described approach for management of smart cards in health care and, in particular, in hospitals.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134383047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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