This study deals with the intersection of knowledge and action: how knowledge is developed, transformed, interpreted and used to change systems of business process and IT so that stakeholders may make effective decisions and take effective action in their work. The co-design of business and IT systems is a process within which business systems of human activity and IT systems of information processing are mutually constituted. It requires the negotiation of competing technological frames across multiple knowledge domains. Three major challenges hinder effective innovation: (i) a mismatch between goal-driven IS design methods and the need for cross-functional knowledge-sharing, (ii) the distributed and partial knowledge possessed by stakeholders from diverse groups; (iii) the need to maintain interpretive flexibility across cycles of discovery and analysis. This paper develops an analytical framework for integrating knowledge frames across stakeholder groups, to provide a common language for the co- design of business and IT systems.
{"title":"A Framework for the Co-design of Business and IT Systems","authors":"Susan Gasson","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.20","url":null,"abstract":"This study deals with the intersection of knowledge and action: how knowledge is developed, transformed, interpreted and used to change systems of business process and IT so that stakeholders may make effective decisions and take effective action in their work. The co-design of business and IT systems is a process within which business systems of human activity and IT systems of information processing are mutually constituted. It requires the negotiation of competing technological frames across multiple knowledge domains. Three major challenges hinder effective innovation: (i) a mismatch between goal-driven IS design methods and the need for cross-functional knowledge-sharing, (ii) the distributed and partial knowledge possessed by stakeholders from diverse groups; (iii) the need to maintain interpretive flexibility across cycles of discovery and analysis. This paper develops an analytical framework for integrating knowledge frames across stakeholder groups, to provide a common language for the co- design of business and IT systems.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121145678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As SOA-based systems are becoming more common, there is a need to consider how traditional IT roles and responsibilities need to change. This paper proposes a framework for roles that are required for evolving and maintaining SOA-based systems. It builds on work on traditional IT roles, as well as insights emerging from current research on SOA. The paper also presents a questionnaire for collecting data from organizations on roles that they use for SOA-based systems maintenance and evolution. Results from a pilot use of the questionnaire with Scandinavian Airline Systems (SAS) are presented.
{"title":"Evolution and Maintenance of SOA-Based Systems at SAS","authors":"M. Kajko-Mattsson, G. Lewis, Dennis B. Smith","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.154","url":null,"abstract":"As SOA-based systems are becoming more common, there is a need to consider how traditional IT roles and responsibilities need to change. This paper proposes a framework for roles that are required for evolving and maintaining SOA-based systems. It builds on work on traditional IT roles, as well as insights emerging from current research on SOA. The paper also presents a questionnaire for collecting data from organizations on roles that they use for SOA-based systems maintenance and evolution. Results from a pilot use of the questionnaire with Scandinavian Airline Systems (SAS) are presented.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123316424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Achieving a sustainable level of energy production and consumption is one of the major challenges in our society. This paper contributes to the objective of increasing energy efficiency by introducing a market mechanism that facilitates the efficient matching of energy (i.e. electricity and heat) demand and supply in micro energy grids. More precisely we propose a combinatorial double auction mechanism for the allocation and pricing of energy resources that especially takes the specific requirements of energy producers and consumers into account. We describe the potential role of decentralized micro energy grids and their coupling to the large scale power grid. Furthermore we introduce an emergency fail over procedure that keeps the micro energy grid stable even in cases where the auction mechanism fails. As the underlying energy allocation problem itself is NP-hard, we derive a fast heuristic for finding efficient supply and demand allocations. In addition we show the applicability of this approach through numerica.
{"title":"A Market Mechanism for Energy Allocation in Micro-CHP Grids","authors":"Carsten Block, Dirk Neumann, Christof Weinhardt","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.27","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving a sustainable level of energy production and consumption is one of the major challenges in our society. This paper contributes to the objective of increasing energy efficiency by introducing a market mechanism that facilitates the efficient matching of energy (i.e. electricity and heat) demand and supply in micro energy grids. More precisely we propose a combinatorial double auction mechanism for the allocation and pricing of energy resources that especially takes the specific requirements of energy producers and consumers into account. We describe the potential role of decentralized micro energy grids and their coupling to the large scale power grid. Furthermore we introduce an emergency fail over procedure that keeps the micro energy grid stable even in cases where the auction mechanism fails. As the underlying energy allocation problem itself is NP-hard, we derive a fast heuristic for finding efficient supply and demand allocations. In addition we show the applicability of this approach through numerica.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124695442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Healthcare organizations are increasingly adopting knowledge management systems (KMS) for clinical use, which have been established in technical support organizations for several years. While a technical support organization can utilize its KMS to directly address customer needs using its infrastructure and established processes, the effectiveness and success of KMS in a healthcare organization relies on the collective practice of healthcare professionals. In this research, the knowledge management processes and infrastructure in the two industries is compared. Seven hypotheses are developed and tested using a survey in two organizations, one in each industry to measure the contributions of different components of knowledge management infrastructure and processes towards organizational effectiveness. The results indicate that culture plays a larger role than structure in healthcare. Knowledge acquisition processes are more important in healthcare, compared with conversion and application in technical support. These results have implications for the selection and implementation of KMS in healthcare.
{"title":"Knowledge Management for Healthcare Organizations: Comparing Strategies with Technical Support","authors":"Biswadip Ghosh, Judy E. Scott","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.228","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare organizations are increasingly adopting knowledge management systems (KMS) for clinical use, which have been established in technical support organizations for several years. While a technical support organization can utilize its KMS to directly address customer needs using its infrastructure and established processes, the effectiveness and success of KMS in a healthcare organization relies on the collective practice of healthcare professionals. In this research, the knowledge management processes and infrastructure in the two industries is compared. Seven hypotheses are developed and tested using a survey in two organizations, one in each industry to measure the contributions of different components of knowledge management infrastructure and processes towards organizational effectiveness. The results indicate that culture plays a larger role than structure in healthcare. Knowledge acquisition processes are more important in healthcare, compared with conversion and application in technical support. These results have implications for the selection and implementation of KMS in healthcare.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124809499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The core vector machine (CVM) has been introduced as an extremely fast classifier which is demonstrably superior to standard support vector machines (SVMs) on very large datasets. However, only limited information regarding the suitability of CVM for supporting corporate planning is available so far. In this paper, we strive to overcome this deficit. In particular, we consider customer-centric data mining which commonly involves classification in medium-sized settings. CVMs are compared to SVMs within the scope of an empirical benchmarking study to clarify whether previous findings regarding the competitiveness of CVMs generalize to business applications. To that end, representative real-world datasets are employed. In addition, the study aims at scrutinizing the behavior of CVM during model selection. Following a standard grid-search based approach we find some evidence for CVM being more sensitive towards parameter settings than SVMs.
{"title":"A Case Study of Core Vector Machines in Corporate Data Mining","authors":"S. Lessmann, Ning Li, S. Voß","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.3","url":null,"abstract":"The core vector machine (CVM) has been introduced as an extremely fast classifier which is demonstrably superior to standard support vector machines (SVMs) on very large datasets. However, only limited information regarding the suitability of CVM for supporting corporate planning is available so far. In this paper, we strive to overcome this deficit. In particular, we consider customer-centric data mining which commonly involves classification in medium-sized settings. CVMs are compared to SVMs within the scope of an empirical benchmarking study to clarify whether previous findings regarding the competitiveness of CVMs generalize to business applications. To that end, representative real-world datasets are employed. In addition, the study aims at scrutinizing the behavior of CVM during model selection. Following a standard grid-search based approach we find some evidence for CVM being more sensitive towards parameter settings than SVMs.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125376172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ever since the boom in global e-business, and the resulting intensification of competition, cross-cultural e-negotiation has increased in popularity. Understanding how national cultures affect negotiation behaviour is becoming more and more critical for businesses. This research will explore how a negotiator's cultural background impacts its behaviour. There are four major findings: firstly, that Eastern and Western businesses have unique negotiation behaviours; secondly, that the negotiation behaviours of both Eastern and Western negotiators are impacted by their counterparts' cultural background; thirdly, that when Easterners negotiate with Westerners, there were more instances of task behaviour and persuasive behaviour, but fewer instances of procedural behaviour and private communication; and finally, that when Westerner negotiates with Easterner, there are more instances of task behaviour but fewer of private communication. In spite of the similarities, however, Western negotiators have more consistent negotiation behaviour than do their Eastern equivalents, regardless of cultural differences between the dyadic negotiators. The following research uses the content analysis method, which is more thorough than the questionnaire in terms of qualitative criteria. The total set of thought units can be analyzed from further viewpoints in the future.
{"title":"What Happened to Cross-Cultural Dyadic E-Negotiation?","authors":"Hsiangchu Lai, Wan-Jung Lin, Juin-Yi Lin","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.499","url":null,"abstract":"Ever since the boom in global e-business, and the resulting intensification of competition, cross-cultural e-negotiation has increased in popularity. Understanding how national cultures affect negotiation behaviour is becoming more and more critical for businesses. This research will explore how a negotiator's cultural background impacts its behaviour. There are four major findings: firstly, that Eastern and Western businesses have unique negotiation behaviours; secondly, that the negotiation behaviours of both Eastern and Western negotiators are impacted by their counterparts' cultural background; thirdly, that when Easterners negotiate with Westerners, there were more instances of task behaviour and persuasive behaviour, but fewer instances of procedural behaviour and private communication; and finally, that when Westerner negotiates with Easterner, there are more instances of task behaviour but fewer of private communication. In spite of the similarities, however, Western negotiators have more consistent negotiation behaviour than do their Eastern equivalents, regardless of cultural differences between the dyadic negotiators. The following research uses the content analysis method, which is more thorough than the questionnaire in terms of qualitative criteria. The total set of thought units can be analyzed from further viewpoints in the future.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121463273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study describes an experiment in which 126 participants engaged via a mobile telephone simulation that included a visual display in a discussion that required self-disclosure and affective evaluation of the other participant. Participants in same gender and mixed gender dyads were represented by avatars that varied in visual realism (unmodified video, modified video, graphic display, or no visual display) and behavioral realism (static visual display versus dynamic or animated). Participants subsequently rated the Perceived Social Richness of the Medium and the Interactant Satisfaction with the conversation. Interactant Satisfaction was a new measure of social presence created to tap emotional and affective evaluations. Participants rated devices with higher-realism and more behaviorally realistic avatars as being more capable of effective social interaction, but their actual perceptions of affective dimensions of their conversational partner were essentially unaffected by visual representations.
{"title":"Communicators' Perceptions of Social Presence as a Function of Avatar Realism in Small Display Mobile Communication Devices","authors":"Sin-Hwa Kang, J. Watt, Sasi Kanth Ala","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.95","url":null,"abstract":"This study describes an experiment in which 126 participants engaged via a mobile telephone simulation that included a visual display in a discussion that required self-disclosure and affective evaluation of the other participant. Participants in same gender and mixed gender dyads were represented by avatars that varied in visual realism (unmodified video, modified video, graphic display, or no visual display) and behavioral realism (static visual display versus dynamic or animated). Participants subsequently rated the Perceived Social Richness of the Medium and the Interactant Satisfaction with the conversation. Interactant Satisfaction was a new measure of social presence created to tap emotional and affective evaluations. Participants rated devices with higher-realism and more behaviorally realistic avatars as being more capable of effective social interaction, but their actual perceptions of affective dimensions of their conversational partner were essentially unaffected by visual representations.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123396539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently [1] presented a new model for the solution of the water distribution network problem. The model captured successfully the essence of the problem structure, but could not guarantee global convergence. This paper adds, to the current research track, a new model and method that can guarantee global convergence for the water network design problem. The contribution is important since there has not been any effort to find methods ensuring global convergence and the solutions found to several example problems in earlier contributions are not qualitatively established.
{"title":"Global Optimization of Water Distribution Systems","authors":"Kaj-Mikael Björk, L. Papageorgiou","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.184","url":null,"abstract":"Recently [1] presented a new model for the solution of the water distribution network problem. The model captured successfully the essence of the problem structure, but could not guarantee global convergence. This paper adds, to the current research track, a new model and method that can guarantee global convergence for the water network design problem. The contribution is important since there has not been any effort to find methods ensuring global convergence and the solutions found to several example problems in earlier contributions are not qualitatively established.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128245966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tree-structured knowledge representations are increasingly being used since the relationships between data objects can be represented in a more meaningful way. A number of tree mining algorithms were developed for mining different subtree types using different parameters. At this point in research it would be useful to discuss what kind of sub-problems can be solved within the current tree mining framework. In this paper we provide a general overview of the development in the area of tree mining and discuss motivations and useful application areas for each development. Implications of using different tree mining parameters and constraints are discussed. Such an overview will be particularly useful for those not so familiar with the area of tree mining as it can reveal useful applications within their domain of interest. It gives guidance as to which type of tree mining will be most useful for their particular application.
{"title":"Knowledge Analysis with Tree Patterns","authors":"F. Hadzic, T. Dillon, E. Chang","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.226","url":null,"abstract":"Tree-structured knowledge representations are increasingly being used since the relationships between data objects can be represented in a more meaningful way. A number of tree mining algorithms were developed for mining different subtree types using different parameters. At this point in research it would be useful to discuss what kind of sub-problems can be solved within the current tree mining framework. In this paper we provide a general overview of the development in the area of tree mining and discuss motivations and useful application areas for each development. Implications of using different tree mining parameters and constraints are discussed. Such an overview will be particularly useful for those not so familiar with the area of tree mining as it can reveal useful applications within their domain of interest. It gives guidance as to which type of tree mining will be most useful for their particular application.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"123 3 Suppl 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128495953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the context of decision support systems, a model management system (MMS) is analogous to a database management system providing support for the various phases of a modeling life-cycle while insulating user from the physical aspects of model base storage and processing. An underlying premise is the recognition of models as a resource that need to be managed and modeling as an activity that need to be supported within organizations. The recent developments of the Web and distributed computing environments is creating ever increasing demands for sharing and reusing heterogeneous models over corporate intranets and the Internet. To this end, this paper presents a semantic Web services-based architecture for MMS. The architecture is based on service-oriented principles and web services standards to support model sharing and reuse in a distributed environment. Integral to the architecture is the use of ontologies and artificial intelligence (AI) planning techniques to facilitate model composition. We demonstrate the features and advantages of the proposed architecture using representative examples. We conclude with a discussion of the current state of implementation and plans for future work.
{"title":"A Semantic Web Services-Based Architecture for Model Management Systems","authors":"A. Deokar, O. El-Gayar","doi":"10.1109/HICSS.2008.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HICSS.2008.37","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of decision support systems, a model management system (MMS) is analogous to a database management system providing support for the various phases of a modeling life-cycle while insulating user from the physical aspects of model base storage and processing. An underlying premise is the recognition of models as a resource that need to be managed and modeling as an activity that need to be supported within organizations. The recent developments of the Web and distributed computing environments is creating ever increasing demands for sharing and reusing heterogeneous models over corporate intranets and the Internet. To this end, this paper presents a semantic Web services-based architecture for MMS. The architecture is based on service-oriented principles and web services standards to support model sharing and reuse in a distributed environment. Integral to the architecture is the use of ontologies and artificial intelligence (AI) planning techniques to facilitate model composition. We demonstrate the features and advantages of the proposed architecture using representative examples. We conclude with a discussion of the current state of implementation and plans for future work.","PeriodicalId":328874,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 41st Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2008)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129893245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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