Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026346
A. Bellini, S. Bifaretti, S. Costantini
In many industrial drives the motor rotation speed measurement is obtained by means of an electromagnetic resolver that furnishes a shaft position measure. To obtain the speed measure, a derivative operation is needed; as a consequence, especially at the lowest speeds, the measured signal results are rather noisy and a suitable filter becomes necessary. The paper presents a solution to such problem based on the employment of a phase locked loop architecture based on a stationary Kalman filter that predicts the values of the mechanical variables at each sampling period. The proposed filter can be easily implemented on a digital microcontroller and it also provides an acceptable estimation of the acceleration.
{"title":"A PLL-based filter for speed noise reduction in drives using a resolver transducer","authors":"A. Bellini, S. Bifaretti, S. Costantini","doi":"10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026346","url":null,"abstract":"In many industrial drives the motor rotation speed measurement is obtained by means of an electromagnetic resolver that furnishes a shaft position measure. To obtain the speed measure, a derivative operation is needed; as a consequence, especially at the lowest speeds, the measured signal results are rather noisy and a suitable filter becomes necessary. The paper presents a solution to such problem based on the employment of a phase locked loop architecture based on a stationary Kalman filter that predicts the values of the mechanical variables at each sampling period. The proposed filter can be easily implemented on a digital microcontroller and it also provides an acceptable estimation of the acceleration.","PeriodicalId":330283,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Electronics, 2002. ISIE 2002. Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114081206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISIE.2002.1025850
A. Fratta, G. Griffero, S. Nieddu, G. Pellegrino, F. Villata
Within the field of multilevel power conversion structures, the paper deals with analysis and improvements of the H-Bridge-based power conversion structure. This is considered as a novel basic cell generally applicable to voltage-supplied power converters. Its fundamental properties as a three-level PWM conversion block are analysed for better definition of the output coupling reactor design requirements. As shown according to reported analysis of H-Bridge cell operation, two flux components are inherent with the function of the coupling reactor. A more clear comparative evaluation of bookish and other prototype solutions is achieved. On the same basis, a new family of coupling inductor structures is comparatively defined and presented for the first time. The new family is characterized by hybrid iron-ferrite cores, as far as its effectiveness is related to the feasibility of good separation between the two different flux components. Drafts of different hybrid core implementations are reported and related to power rating, namely U-C and E-C core families. A prototype design of a power U-C hybrid core is presented, according to 30 kW automotive traction application. Proper experimental test procedures are reported to model the different secondary effects, as for iron and skin effect losses.
{"title":"New hybrid iron-ferrite-core coupling reactors upgrade effectiveness of H-bridge-based power conversion structures","authors":"A. Fratta, G. Griffero, S. Nieddu, G. Pellegrino, F. Villata","doi":"10.1109/ISIE.2002.1025850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2002.1025850","url":null,"abstract":"Within the field of multilevel power conversion structures, the paper deals with analysis and improvements of the H-Bridge-based power conversion structure. This is considered as a novel basic cell generally applicable to voltage-supplied power converters. Its fundamental properties as a three-level PWM conversion block are analysed for better definition of the output coupling reactor design requirements. As shown according to reported analysis of H-Bridge cell operation, two flux components are inherent with the function of the coupling reactor. A more clear comparative evaluation of bookish and other prototype solutions is achieved. On the same basis, a new family of coupling inductor structures is comparatively defined and presented for the first time. The new family is characterized by hybrid iron-ferrite cores, as far as its effectiveness is related to the feasibility of good separation between the two different flux components. Drafts of different hybrid core implementations are reported and related to power rating, namely U-C and E-C core families. A prototype design of a power U-C hybrid core is presented, according to 30 kW automotive traction application. Proper experimental test procedures are reported to model the different secondary effects, as for iron and skin effect losses.","PeriodicalId":330283,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Electronics, 2002. ISIE 2002. Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115286681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISIE.2002.1025964
P. Mattavelli, F. Marafão
This paper proposes a repetitive-based controller for active power filters, which compensates selected current harmonics produced by distorting loads. The approach is based on the measurement of line currents and performs the compensation of selected harmonics using a closed-loop repetitive-based control scheme. Compared to conventional solutions, this approach allows full compensation of selected frequencies, even if the active filter has limited bandwidth, and reduced interaction with possible dynamic components of the load. Compared to synchronous frame harmonic regulations on line currents, this approach requires a simpler algorithm, whose complexity is independent on the number of compensated harmonics, and it is more suited for DSP implementation and less sensitive to rounding and quantization errors. Experimental results on a 5kVA prototype confirm the theoretical expectations.
{"title":"Selective active filters using repetitive control techniques","authors":"P. Mattavelli, F. Marafão","doi":"10.1109/ISIE.2002.1025964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2002.1025964","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a repetitive-based controller for active power filters, which compensates selected current harmonics produced by distorting loads. The approach is based on the measurement of line currents and performs the compensation of selected harmonics using a closed-loop repetitive-based control scheme. Compared to conventional solutions, this approach allows full compensation of selected frequencies, even if the active filter has limited bandwidth, and reduced interaction with possible dynamic components of the load. Compared to synchronous frame harmonic regulations on line currents, this approach requires a simpler algorithm, whose complexity is independent on the number of compensated harmonics, and it is more suited for DSP implementation and less sensitive to rounding and quantization errors. Experimental results on a 5kVA prototype confirm the theoretical expectations.","PeriodicalId":330283,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Electronics, 2002. ISIE 2002. Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on","volume":"104 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133674633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISIE.2002.1025983
J. Ramírez-Angulo, R. Carvajal, A. Torralba, J. Galán, A. P. Vega-Leal, J. Tombs
A new basic cell for low-power and/or low-voltage operation is identified. It is shown that different versions of this cell, called the "flip voltage follower," have been used in the past for different applications. New circuits using this cell are also proposed here.
{"title":"Low-power low-voltage analog electronic circuits using the flipped voltage follower","authors":"J. Ramírez-Angulo, R. Carvajal, A. Torralba, J. Galán, A. P. Vega-Leal, J. Tombs","doi":"10.1109/ISIE.2002.1025983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2002.1025983","url":null,"abstract":"A new basic cell for low-power and/or low-voltage operation is identified. It is shown that different versions of this cell, called the \"flip voltage follower,\" have been used in the past for different applications. New circuits using this cell are also proposed here.","PeriodicalId":330283,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Electronics, 2002. ISIE 2002. Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on","volume":"164 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133678943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026065
J. Thieme, H. Hanisch
Mathematical models and formal methods can be used for verifying/falsifying a discrete event controller just before it is put into operation. If the controller model is verified successfully, one has to translate it into an executable implementation. The complexity of technical systems requires a systematic design of needed models. Usually, modular and hierarchically structured models are the results of such a model design. It makes sense to keep the module structures of the controller model within its implementation. After a short introduction the paper illustrates an appropriate modeling formalism and suitable methods for automatic generation of modular control code for programmable logic controllers (PLC) using IEC61131 function blocks.
{"title":"Model-based generation of modular PLC code using IEC61131 function blocks","authors":"J. Thieme, H. Hanisch","doi":"10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026065","url":null,"abstract":"Mathematical models and formal methods can be used for verifying/falsifying a discrete event controller just before it is put into operation. If the controller model is verified successfully, one has to translate it into an executable implementation. The complexity of technical systems requires a systematic design of needed models. Usually, modular and hierarchically structured models are the results of such a model design. It makes sense to keep the module structures of the controller model within its implementation. After a short introduction the paper illustrates an appropriate modeling formalism and suitable methods for automatic generation of modular control code for programmable logic controllers (PLC) using IEC61131 function blocks.","PeriodicalId":330283,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Electronics, 2002. ISIE 2002. Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132335550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026314
F. Betin, A. Sivert, D. Pinchon
In this paper, a new variable structure position control law for a DC motor is proposed. The algorithm based on a time-varying switching line guarantees the existence of a sliding mode since the beginning of the shaft motion. The algorithm has been tested in simulation and the experiment has been performed using a low-cost 16-bit microcontroller. An advanced test bed is used in order to evaluate the robustness capacities of the proposed controller.
{"title":"Time-varying sliding modes for a DC motor drive","authors":"F. Betin, A. Sivert, D. Pinchon","doi":"10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026314","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new variable structure position control law for a DC motor is proposed. The algorithm based on a time-varying switching line guarantees the existence of a sliding mode since the beginning of the shaft motion. The algorithm has been tested in simulation and the experiment has been performed using a low-cost 16-bit microcontroller. An advanced test bed is used in order to evaluate the robustness capacities of the proposed controller.","PeriodicalId":330283,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Electronics, 2002. ISIE 2002. Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134218093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026336
R. Cupec, N. Peric, I. Petrović
An adaptive control method based on Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy process model is proposed. It is applicable in cases when the variables in the premises of fuzzy rules, which determine the operating regime of the system, are not measurable. The process dynamics in different operating regimes is described by local linear models, which are combined using fuzzy rules. The premise variables of the fuzzy rules are estimated by minimizing a performance index of the local linear models. The proposed strategy uses the prior knowledge of the process in form of local process models identified offline and stored in the controller's database to simplify the estimation procedure. Thereby, the recursive least-squares identification algorithm used in classic self-tuning control is substituted by much simpler least-squares estimation of a small number of parameters. This makes the proposed method appropriate for implementation on simple platforms, providing, in the same time, the adaptation to changes in operating conditions. The proposed method is experimentally tested on a laboratory liquid level rig. The performance of the proposed control algorithm is compared to the performance of a PI controller.
{"title":"Adaptive control based on fuzzy process model with estimation of premise variables","authors":"R. Cupec, N. Peric, I. Petrović","doi":"10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026336","url":null,"abstract":"An adaptive control method based on Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy process model is proposed. It is applicable in cases when the variables in the premises of fuzzy rules, which determine the operating regime of the system, are not measurable. The process dynamics in different operating regimes is described by local linear models, which are combined using fuzzy rules. The premise variables of the fuzzy rules are estimated by minimizing a performance index of the local linear models. The proposed strategy uses the prior knowledge of the process in form of local process models identified offline and stored in the controller's database to simplify the estimation procedure. Thereby, the recursive least-squares identification algorithm used in classic self-tuning control is substituted by much simpler least-squares estimation of a small number of parameters. This makes the proposed method appropriate for implementation on simple platforms, providing, in the same time, the adaptation to changes in operating conditions. The proposed method is experimentally tested on a laboratory liquid level rig. The performance of the proposed control algorithm is compared to the performance of a PI controller.","PeriodicalId":330283,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Electronics, 2002. ISIE 2002. Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134628231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISIE.2002.1025823
K. De Gusseme, D. Van de Sype, J. Melkebeek
There has been much interest in power factor correction (PFC). For reasons of price, the control algorithms for single-phase PFC converters are in most cases implemented as analog circuits. For the near future, as the price/performance ratio of DSP's is expected to decrease further, there is a fair chance that the analog control circuits will be abandoned in favor of digital implementations. This paper deals with specific problems encountered when full digital control is applied to the boost PFC converter. The different control loops are discussed, while special attention is being paid to sampling and to the timing in the processor. All theoretical results are verified by experiments on a 1 kW/50 kHz prototype.
{"title":"Design issues for digital control of boost power factor correction converters","authors":"K. De Gusseme, D. Van de Sype, J. Melkebeek","doi":"10.1109/ISIE.2002.1025823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2002.1025823","url":null,"abstract":"There has been much interest in power factor correction (PFC). For reasons of price, the control algorithms for single-phase PFC converters are in most cases implemented as analog circuits. For the near future, as the price/performance ratio of DSP's is expected to decrease further, there is a fair chance that the analog control circuits will be abandoned in favor of digital implementations. This paper deals with specific problems encountered when full digital control is applied to the boost PFC converter. The different control loops are discussed, while special attention is being paid to sampling and to the timing in the processor. All theoretical results are verified by experiments on a 1 kW/50 kHz prototype.","PeriodicalId":330283,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Electronics, 2002. ISIE 2002. Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on","volume":"867 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133789591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026332
Kap-Ho Seo Kap-Ho Seo, Won Kim Won Kim, Changmok Oh Changmok Oh, Ju-Jang Lee Ju-Jang Lee
Face detection and facial feature extraction is a necessary first-step in face recognition systems. These tasks are one of the visual tasks, which humans can do effortlessly. However, in computer vision terms, this task is not easy. This paper presents a new active contour model using color information for extracting facial features. We describe a new algorithm for detecting human faces and facial features, such as the location of the eyes, nose and mouth. The algorithm is composed of three main parts: the face region estimation part, the detection part and the facial feature extraction part. In the face region estimation part, images are segmented based on human skin color. In the face detection part, the template matching method is used. In the facial feature extraction part, a new proposed algorithm called color snake"" is applied to extract the facial feature points within the estimated face region.""
{"title":"Face detection and facial feature extraction using color snake","authors":"Kap-Ho Seo Kap-Ho Seo, Won Kim Won Kim, Changmok Oh Changmok Oh, Ju-Jang Lee Ju-Jang Lee","doi":"10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026332","url":null,"abstract":"Face detection and facial feature extraction is a necessary first-step in face recognition systems. These tasks are one of the visual tasks, which humans can do effortlessly. However, in computer vision terms, this task is not easy. This paper presents a new active contour model using color information for extracting facial features. We describe a new algorithm for detecting human faces and facial features, such as the location of the eyes, nose and mouth. The algorithm is composed of three main parts: the face region estimation part, the detection part and the facial feature extraction part. In the face region estimation part, images are segmented based on human skin color. In the face detection part, the template matching method is used. In the facial feature extraction part, a new proposed algorithm called color snake\"\" is applied to extract the facial feature points within the estimated face region.\"\"","PeriodicalId":330283,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Electronics, 2002. ISIE 2002. Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on","volume":"45 34","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113983820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026318
S. Hata, A. Nagatomo, K. Tsukamoto, Y. Mihara
To maintain a healthy and safe life in the ordinary living environment of elderly people, it is proposed to develop proper monitoring systems of their health conditions and accidents. Also, there should be many life assist systems. Here, a project to develop the human support network system has been introduced. One of the sensors in the system is the emergency monitoring system under the special environment such as bathrooms, wash rooms and bedrooms where the privacy should be kept at the highest level. The sensor should detect the many emergency occasions, but it cannot handle the raw images from the visual sensors. To meet with these requirements, a 3-D coarse data detection sensor with patterned light projection has been introduced. Using the sensor, the human breathing monitoring system has been developed. The system can be used in the bedroom without violating the human privacy. Here, first, the idea of the bed monitoring system is introduced. Then, the performance is introduced.
{"title":"Wide range 3-D vision sensor for bed monitoring system","authors":"S. Hata, A. Nagatomo, K. Tsukamoto, Y. Mihara","doi":"10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISIE.2002.1026318","url":null,"abstract":"To maintain a healthy and safe life in the ordinary living environment of elderly people, it is proposed to develop proper monitoring systems of their health conditions and accidents. Also, there should be many life assist systems. Here, a project to develop the human support network system has been introduced. One of the sensors in the system is the emergency monitoring system under the special environment such as bathrooms, wash rooms and bedrooms where the privacy should be kept at the highest level. The sensor should detect the many emergency occasions, but it cannot handle the raw images from the visual sensors. To meet with these requirements, a 3-D coarse data detection sensor with patterned light projection has been introduced. Using the sensor, the human breathing monitoring system has been developed. The system can be used in the bedroom without violating the human privacy. Here, first, the idea of the bed monitoring system is introduced. Then, the performance is introduced.","PeriodicalId":330283,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Electronics, 2002. ISIE 2002. Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115236799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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