A modal method experiment is conducted to study the dynamic difference in rails supported on PY-type concrete and steel sleepers. Frequency Response Functions (FRFs) for rails supported on both types of sleepers are studied and correlated with one another. Vibration response of the rails is studied for two positions; mid-span and on top of sleeper point. Resonance modes of interest are excited in a mid-frequency range of 0 – 500 Hz. These occur in the vertical direction for rail on PY-type concrete sleepers and in the horizontal direction for rail on steel sleepers. When the entire response window is considered, the FRFs prove resonances of the rail supported on steel sleepers to be heavily damped than those of rail supported on PY-type concrete sleepers. In contrast, accelerance (frequency-dependent acceleration of a point divided by the force excitation) is slightly higher for rail on steel sleepers. Explanation to this may be that the rail weighs 9 Kg less (per meter length) than rail on PY-type concrete sleepers. Different parts of the response FRF may be stiffness and some mass dominated. Vibration response in a horizontal direction is higher and more pronounced than the vertical for rails supported on both types of sleepers and on both positions of the rail.
{"title":"Vertical and Horizontal Vibration Response for Corrugated Track Curves Supported on Steel and PY-Type Concrete Sleepers","authors":"Bingo Balekwa, Danie Fourie, D. Kallon","doi":"10.1109/OI.2019.8908250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OI.2019.8908250","url":null,"abstract":"A modal method experiment is conducted to study the dynamic difference in rails supported on PY-type concrete and steel sleepers. Frequency Response Functions (FRFs) for rails supported on both types of sleepers are studied and correlated with one another. Vibration response of the rails is studied for two positions; mid-span and on top of sleeper point. Resonance modes of interest are excited in a mid-frequency range of 0 – 500 Hz. These occur in the vertical direction for rail on PY-type concrete sleepers and in the horizontal direction for rail on steel sleepers. When the entire response window is considered, the FRFs prove resonances of the rail supported on steel sleepers to be heavily damped than those of rail supported on PY-type concrete sleepers. In contrast, accelerance (frequency-dependent acceleration of a point divided by the force excitation) is slightly higher for rail on steel sleepers. Explanation to this may be that the rail weighs 9 Kg less (per meter length) than rail on PY-type concrete sleepers. Different parts of the response FRF may be stiffness and some mass dominated. Vibration response in a horizontal direction is higher and more pronounced than the vertical for rails supported on both types of sleepers and on both positions of the rail.","PeriodicalId":330455,"journal":{"name":"2019 Open Innovations (OI)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125926243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Information Technology (IT) innovation in tax administration and the development of electronic government (egovernment) applications in the public sector has improved operations, governance, service delivery and accessibility to public services. e-filing is one form of IT innovation that has been used by the South African government which allows users to submit tax returns online for processing. Despite the enhancement of the e-filing system, tax authorities are yet to realise full e-filing potential. The purpose of this study is to determine and describe what would be restricting the full adoption of e-filing as an innovative tax administration system. The study integrates two constructs; perceived threat and safeguard effectiveness with the UTAUT model to empirically test a derived model. A quantitative approach was applied and a survey undertaken which sampled 154 South African taxpayers in the Gauteng province of South Africa. The responses captured indicated that societal pressures, trust and security risk were important constructs in determining why the South African government was not realising the full potential of the innovative e-filing system. The implications for this work is that more training and awareness campaigns should be targeted to the South African tax payers.
{"title":"Innovation in Tax Administration: Digitizing Tax Payments, Trust And Information Security Risk","authors":"Fikile Maphumula, K. Njenga","doi":"10.1109/OI.2019.8908232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OI.2019.8908232","url":null,"abstract":"Information Technology (IT) innovation in tax administration and the development of electronic government (egovernment) applications in the public sector has improved operations, governance, service delivery and accessibility to public services. e-filing is one form of IT innovation that has been used by the South African government which allows users to submit tax returns online for processing. Despite the enhancement of the e-filing system, tax authorities are yet to realise full e-filing potential. The purpose of this study is to determine and describe what would be restricting the full adoption of e-filing as an innovative tax administration system. The study integrates two constructs; perceived threat and safeguard effectiveness with the UTAUT model to empirically test a derived model. A quantitative approach was applied and a survey undertaken which sampled 154 South African taxpayers in the Gauteng province of South Africa. The responses captured indicated that societal pressures, trust and security risk were important constructs in determining why the South African government was not realising the full potential of the innovative e-filing system. The implications for this work is that more training and awareness campaigns should be targeted to the South African tax payers.","PeriodicalId":330455,"journal":{"name":"2019 Open Innovations (OI)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129076581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Subscription Fraud (SF) is one of the hardest and most expensive revenue leakage to prevent. This fraud is the leading revenue leakage in telecommunication. The tough economic challenges and saturated telecommunication market in South Africa makes it difficult for telecommunication companies to invest in good fraud prevention systems since their main focus is to increase earnings before interest tax and amortization (EBITA). Most fraud analysts determine the revenue impact of SF on the companies, but less focus is given to the impact on the customer. In this paper, we determine the impact of SF on company’s revenue, churn and customers. The common use of machine learning techniques in telecommunication fraud detection and prevention has been very successful. We used decision tree model to predict SF using post-paid customers data, the model correctly predicted 98 percent of fraud cases and highlighted high monthly subscription fees and payment types as key attributes to the model for predicting fraud, the model further indicated that 30 percent of revenue loss is caused by SF. Information presented in this paper may be used to develop predicting models and also shows a need to develop a solution to vet the customers before contract can be approved.
{"title":"Impact of Subscription Fraud in Mobile Telecommunication Companies","authors":"Freddie Mathews Kau, Okuthe P. Kogeda","doi":"10.1109/OI.2019.8908261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OI.2019.8908261","url":null,"abstract":"Subscription Fraud (SF) is one of the hardest and most expensive revenue leakage to prevent. This fraud is the leading revenue leakage in telecommunication. The tough economic challenges and saturated telecommunication market in South Africa makes it difficult for telecommunication companies to invest in good fraud prevention systems since their main focus is to increase earnings before interest tax and amortization (EBITA). Most fraud analysts determine the revenue impact of SF on the companies, but less focus is given to the impact on the customer. In this paper, we determine the impact of SF on company’s revenue, churn and customers. The common use of machine learning techniques in telecommunication fraud detection and prevention has been very successful. We used decision tree model to predict SF using post-paid customers data, the model correctly predicted 98 percent of fraud cases and highlighted high monthly subscription fees and payment types as key attributes to the model for predicting fraud, the model further indicated that 30 percent of revenue loss is caused by SF. Information presented in this paper may be used to develop predicting models and also shows a need to develop a solution to vet the customers before contract can be approved.","PeriodicalId":330455,"journal":{"name":"2019 Open Innovations (OI)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132050594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper reveals how a multiple case study approach, following an interpretive philosophy, may be adopted to profoundly understand factors and actors for sustaining m-learning adoption and usage within higher educational institutions from students perspective. Therefore, the use of Actor Network Theory (ANT) encapsulated unambiguous findings which might not have been possible to achieve, extract or uncover had traditional adoption, acceptance and use theoretical frameworks been adopted. This study found that in order to sustain m-learning adoption and usages in higher education, there must be a collaboration between students, lecturers and other departments responsible for providing learning with technology. The paper also evident that visible top management support as well as visible impact of mobile learning (m-learning) usage, compliance to institutional m-learning guidelines and methodology, continuous upgrade of Learning Management Systems (LMS) and availability of technology are some of the actors and factors to be considered for sustaining m-learning in higher education. These findings of which were extracted from thirty (30) students in South African three higher educational institutions, using open-ended qualitative questionnaires, could assist higher educational institutions to be in better position to assess their level of m-learning adoption and usage to establish its sustainability.
{"title":"Perceived Actors and Factors for Sustaining M-learning in Higher Education: A South African Students Perspective","authors":"V. Paledi","doi":"10.1109/OI.2019.8908200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OI.2019.8908200","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reveals how a multiple case study approach, following an interpretive philosophy, may be adopted to profoundly understand factors and actors for sustaining m-learning adoption and usage within higher educational institutions from students perspective. Therefore, the use of Actor Network Theory (ANT) encapsulated unambiguous findings which might not have been possible to achieve, extract or uncover had traditional adoption, acceptance and use theoretical frameworks been adopted. This study found that in order to sustain m-learning adoption and usages in higher education, there must be a collaboration between students, lecturers and other departments responsible for providing learning with technology. The paper also evident that visible top management support as well as visible impact of mobile learning (m-learning) usage, compliance to institutional m-learning guidelines and methodology, continuous upgrade of Learning Management Systems (LMS) and availability of technology are some of the actors and factors to be considered for sustaining m-learning in higher education. These findings of which were extracted from thirty (30) students in South African three higher educational institutions, using open-ended qualitative questionnaires, could assist higher educational institutions to be in better position to assess their level of m-learning adoption and usage to establish its sustainability.","PeriodicalId":330455,"journal":{"name":"2019 Open Innovations (OI)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132265877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Osunmakinde Akinfenwa Olawumi, S. Vallabhapurapu, Issac O Osunmakinde
ReRAM based on biodegradable polymer nanocomposites are fast moving for realization towards green computing. In this context we developed ReRAM cells based on Gelatin nanocomposites using different classes of nano particles, namely nano silver, CdTe and Graphene Oxide. We analysed, compared and established the memory behaviour in the mentioned ReRAM cells by measuring I-V characteristics. A new type of switching has emerged within the butterfly type of hysteresis and memory behavior.
{"title":"ReRAM Memory Cells Based on Gelatin Nano Composites: Towards Green Computing","authors":"Osunmakinde Akinfenwa Olawumi, S. Vallabhapurapu, Issac O Osunmakinde","doi":"10.1109/OI.2019.8908208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OI.2019.8908208","url":null,"abstract":"ReRAM based on biodegradable polymer nanocomposites are fast moving for realization towards green computing. In this context we developed ReRAM cells based on Gelatin nanocomposites using different classes of nano particles, namely nano silver, CdTe and Graphene Oxide. We analysed, compared and established the memory behaviour in the mentioned ReRAM cells by measuring I-V characteristics. A new type of switching has emerged within the butterfly type of hysteresis and memory behavior.","PeriodicalId":330455,"journal":{"name":"2019 Open Innovations (OI)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130218671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the highly publicised fourth industrial revolution (4IR), the ability to make a decision on what new ICT is suitable for an organisation could determine organisational survival or extinction in some sectors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of moderating factors on the evaluation of new and emerging digital technologies (ICTs) compared with existing digital technologies in current use among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Technology adoption literature suggests that distinct user and organisational characteristics have a moderating role towards the evaluation of new ICTs. SMEs and SME owners are known to exhibit heterogeneous behaviour. Moderating factors seek to reveal such. Data from 222 SME owners in South Africa analysed using multi-group analysis in structural equation modelling however suggested that all the theorised distinct individual characteristics (SME owner’s age, gender, years of experience of use of the current existing ICT as well as years of experience working in the organisation) are not significant in determining the usefulness of existing nor of emerging ICT. Theoretically, this study contributes to the literature on technology adoption models in questioning the usefulness of the adoption models in evaluating ICTs in the 4IR. The study significantly contributes to management and practice by identifying that distinct user characteristics might not apply in the evaluation of ICTs in the 4IR. The study recommends turning more to newer innovation theories to evaluate adoption of new ICTs in the 4IR.
{"title":"The ineffectiveness of technology adoption models in the 4IR era: A case of SMEs in South Africa","authors":"Edzai Kademeteme, H. Twinomurinzi","doi":"10.1109/OI.2019.8908220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OI.2019.8908220","url":null,"abstract":"In the highly publicised fourth industrial revolution (4IR), the ability to make a decision on what new ICT is suitable for an organisation could determine organisational survival or extinction in some sectors. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of moderating factors on the evaluation of new and emerging digital technologies (ICTs) compared with existing digital technologies in current use among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Technology adoption literature suggests that distinct user and organisational characteristics have a moderating role towards the evaluation of new ICTs. SMEs and SME owners are known to exhibit heterogeneous behaviour. Moderating factors seek to reveal such. Data from 222 SME owners in South Africa analysed using multi-group analysis in structural equation modelling however suggested that all the theorised distinct individual characteristics (SME owner’s age, gender, years of experience of use of the current existing ICT as well as years of experience working in the organisation) are not significant in determining the usefulness of existing nor of emerging ICT. Theoretically, this study contributes to the literature on technology adoption models in questioning the usefulness of the adoption models in evaluating ICTs in the 4IR. The study significantly contributes to management and practice by identifying that distinct user characteristics might not apply in the evaluation of ICTs in the 4IR. The study recommends turning more to newer innovation theories to evaluate adoption of new ICTs in the 4IR.","PeriodicalId":330455,"journal":{"name":"2019 Open Innovations (OI)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121839286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Generally, treatment outcomes are known to improve due to improved medication adherence. However, the outcomes of existing adherence monitoring methods such as Direct Observation Therapy (DOT), Video Observation Therapy (VOT), and Direct/Indirect Monitoring Technology need to improve. This paper introduces the notion of a digital collaborative framework (DCF) that involves many stakeholders for personalized treatment adherence-monitoring in the treatment journey of a patient. The framework is conceived to strengthen the collaboration of multiple stakeholders in monitoring adherence to Tuberculosis (TB) treatment. The stakeholders include Healthcare workers (HCW), family, and friends who are able to support the patients on TB treatment for positive adherence behaviour. To do this, a wearable outdoor, and waterproof smartwatch paired with the smartphone of the TB patient via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) connectivity. This is then combined with a mobile app service are to realize a DCF. The framework will enable real-time data collection and analytics to stimulate differentiated monitoring of individual TB patients for TB treatment adherence. The applicability of the DCF is highlighted by using a sample use case and a response scenario.
{"title":"A Digital Collaborative Framework for Improved Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence of Patients in Rural Settings","authors":"O. Daramola, Peter Nysaulu","doi":"10.1109/OI.2019.8908213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OI.2019.8908213","url":null,"abstract":"Generally, treatment outcomes are known to improve due to improved medication adherence. However, the outcomes of existing adherence monitoring methods such as Direct Observation Therapy (DOT), Video Observation Therapy (VOT), and Direct/Indirect Monitoring Technology need to improve. This paper introduces the notion of a digital collaborative framework (DCF) that involves many stakeholders for personalized treatment adherence-monitoring in the treatment journey of a patient. The framework is conceived to strengthen the collaboration of multiple stakeholders in monitoring adherence to Tuberculosis (TB) treatment. The stakeholders include Healthcare workers (HCW), family, and friends who are able to support the patients on TB treatment for positive adherence behaviour. To do this, a wearable outdoor, and waterproof smartwatch paired with the smartphone of the TB patient via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) connectivity. This is then combined with a mobile app service are to realize a DCF. The framework will enable real-time data collection and analytics to stimulate differentiated monitoring of individual TB patients for TB treatment adherence. The applicability of the DCF is highlighted by using a sample use case and a response scenario.","PeriodicalId":330455,"journal":{"name":"2019 Open Innovations (OI)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132549896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The processes involved in brewing beer have been observed to be highly energy intensive. Breweries in particular may consume up to 8250 kWh per month. In addition, approximately 0.43 kWh is required to produce one liter of beer in large breweries, while energy usage in microbreweries are estimated to be significantly higher. A walkthrough energy audit revealed that a craft brewery located in Bloemfontein, South Africa, required approximately 0.65 kWh of electrical energy to produce one liter of beer. This equates to approximately 5.2% of the production costs involved, substantiating the need for energy management; this makes energy efficiency improvement an important way to reduce costs, especially in times of high energy price volatility. In South Africa, craft beer produced by these breweries became highly popular in recent years. The heating and cooling processes involved in the production of craft beer could be controlled based on the time-of-use (TOU) tariff to reduce the energy consumption. This may be achieved by shifting loads from peak demand to off-peak or standard time. Renewable energy source technologies can also be used to reduce the energy consumption; however, the renewable energy systems show a common disadvantage of not always meeting the energy demand during certain climate conditions. Therefore, in this paper, a methodology for reducing energy usage and associated costs is proposed to evaluate various energy management initiatives for prospective implementation.
{"title":"Energy Efficiency Improvements in a Microbrewery in South Africa","authors":"J. Conduah, K. Kusakana, P. A. Hohne","doi":"10.1109/OI.2019.8908193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OI.2019.8908193","url":null,"abstract":"The processes involved in brewing beer have been observed to be highly energy intensive. Breweries in particular may consume up to 8250 kWh per month. In addition, approximately 0.43 kWh is required to produce one liter of beer in large breweries, while energy usage in microbreweries are estimated to be significantly higher. A walkthrough energy audit revealed that a craft brewery located in Bloemfontein, South Africa, required approximately 0.65 kWh of electrical energy to produce one liter of beer. This equates to approximately 5.2% of the production costs involved, substantiating the need for energy management; this makes energy efficiency improvement an important way to reduce costs, especially in times of high energy price volatility. In South Africa, craft beer produced by these breweries became highly popular in recent years. The heating and cooling processes involved in the production of craft beer could be controlled based on the time-of-use (TOU) tariff to reduce the energy consumption. This may be achieved by shifting loads from peak demand to off-peak or standard time. Renewable energy source technologies can also be used to reduce the energy consumption; however, the renewable energy systems show a common disadvantage of not always meeting the energy demand during certain climate conditions. Therefore, in this paper, a methodology for reducing energy usage and associated costs is proposed to evaluate various energy management initiatives for prospective implementation.","PeriodicalId":330455,"journal":{"name":"2019 Open Innovations (OI)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114109172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Authentication systems robustness can be affected by the fingerprint image quality. Fingerprint image denoising is essential for better performance of any authentication system. In this paper, most recent wavelet transform based techniques for fingerprint image denoising are reviewed. It is observed that there are four important components of wavelet transform based denoising techniques. These important components include wavelet filter, thresholding rule, threshold value computation method and the level of decomposition. The stationary wavelet transform and the weighted median are recommended over conventional discrete wavelet transform and median estimator.
{"title":"A Review of Wavelet Transform based Techniques for Denoising Latent Fingerprint Images","authors":"Sboniso Sifiso Mgaga, N. P. Khanyile, J. Tapamo","doi":"10.1109/OI.2019.8908252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OI.2019.8908252","url":null,"abstract":"Authentication systems robustness can be affected by the fingerprint image quality. Fingerprint image denoising is essential for better performance of any authentication system. In this paper, most recent wavelet transform based techniques for fingerprint image denoising are reviewed. It is observed that there are four important components of wavelet transform based denoising techniques. These important components include wavelet filter, thresholding rule, threshold value computation method and the level of decomposition. The stationary wavelet transform and the weighted median are recommended over conventional discrete wavelet transform and median estimator.","PeriodicalId":330455,"journal":{"name":"2019 Open Innovations (OI)","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114846579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Proper knowledge representation and conceptual analysis often require clear ontological support. This is particularly true for large domains in which explicit formal specifications of the terms is required for encoding knowledge, thus making it understandable to the end users. In the Internet of Things (IoT), there is a substantial development of solutions for a wide range of devices and IoT platforms. These solutions are based on existing known patterns which require interoperability for seamless connection and cross-platform resource sharing. However, to the best of our knowledge, pattern relationships for facilitating interoperability in the IoT are undocumented. The activity of developing a domain-specific ontology for the interoperability of the IoT patterns is therefore one of the fundamental steps in the organization of the IoT paradigm. It is clear, however, that this activity as well as other engineering activities, particularly with regard to the development of ontologies is often made complex by the use of confusing semantic terminologies and dense ontological structures. This often lead to ontological explicative horrors in which the essence of the ontology is hidden instead of highlighted. In this paper, we thus prefer to develop a lightweight ontology that clearly display relational dimensions between the IoT patterns. We use empirical analysis to identify core objects underneath the interoperability of the IoT technologies and patterns at a large-scale.
{"title":"An Exposition of a Lightweight Domain-specific Ontology for the Interoperability of the Internet of Things Patterns","authors":"V. Sithole, L. Marshall","doi":"10.1109/OI.2019.8908168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OI.2019.8908168","url":null,"abstract":"Proper knowledge representation and conceptual analysis often require clear ontological support. This is particularly true for large domains in which explicit formal specifications of the terms is required for encoding knowledge, thus making it understandable to the end users. In the Internet of Things (IoT), there is a substantial development of solutions for a wide range of devices and IoT platforms. These solutions are based on existing known patterns which require interoperability for seamless connection and cross-platform resource sharing. However, to the best of our knowledge, pattern relationships for facilitating interoperability in the IoT are undocumented. The activity of developing a domain-specific ontology for the interoperability of the IoT patterns is therefore one of the fundamental steps in the organization of the IoT paradigm. It is clear, however, that this activity as well as other engineering activities, particularly with regard to the development of ontologies is often made complex by the use of confusing semantic terminologies and dense ontological structures. This often lead to ontological explicative horrors in which the essence of the ontology is hidden instead of highlighted. In this paper, we thus prefer to develop a lightweight ontology that clearly display relational dimensions between the IoT patterns. We use empirical analysis to identify core objects underneath the interoperability of the IoT technologies and patterns at a large-scale.","PeriodicalId":330455,"journal":{"name":"2019 Open Innovations (OI)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115466403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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