Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.131-141
Violetta I. Roshylo
The relevance of the study is explained by the underdevelopment of the securities market in Ukraine, which barely started establishing the institutions and mechanisms of a market economy. Ukraine has a decentralised system of depository services, which hinders the development of the stock market, because the decentralised system of accounting for rights to securities complicates the procedure of transactions and increases risks. The purpose of the study was to investigate the international experience of securities depository in the rapidly expanding securities markets, especially in Eastern Europe and Asia, their technology, identifying their new functionality and dominant models of their architecture in the context of regulation, interaction of market participants and protection of their property rights. The main methods of study of international experience in the provision of securities custody services were empirical, analytical, and inductive methods, which together allowed describing the systems of securities circulation in different countries, analysing them to identify common features that are important for their implementation in Ukraine for integration into the global system of redistribution of financial resources. The study considered various securities storage systems, national depository systems, covered the features of national mechanisms of interconnection of all participants in the securities market, identified conceptual problems of securities market organisation in Ukraine, substantiated the need to adapt international experience for institutional development of the national depository system of Ukraine. The materials of the study have practical value for the development of the depository system in Ukraine as a basis for the functioning of the securities market, compatible with technological international depository systems in full functionality, which guarantees investors' property rights and enables Ukraine to become a full-fledged redistributor of global financial resources and, accordingly, to attract investments for economic development pursuant to international rules and standards of “transparent” functioning of securities markets, thus putting institutional barriers to corruption influences. The comparative analysis of depository systems of different countries allowed covering weaknesses in the existing depository system of Ukraine, outlining the conceptual approaches to legislative and organisational actions on its development
{"title":"Securities Custody Services: International Experience","authors":"Violetta I. Roshylo","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.131-141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.131-141","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the study is explained by the underdevelopment of the securities market in Ukraine, which barely started establishing the institutions and mechanisms of a market economy. Ukraine has a decentralised system of depository services, which hinders the development of the stock market, because the decentralised system of accounting for rights to securities complicates the procedure of transactions and increases risks. The purpose of the study was to investigate the international experience of securities depository in the rapidly expanding securities markets, especially in Eastern Europe and Asia, their technology, identifying their new functionality and dominant models of their architecture in the context of regulation, interaction of market participants and protection of their property rights. The main methods of study of international experience in the provision of securities custody services were empirical, analytical, and inductive methods, which together allowed describing the systems of securities circulation in different countries, analysing them to identify common features that are important for their implementation in Ukraine for integration into the global system of redistribution of financial resources. The study considered various securities storage systems, national depository systems, covered the features of national mechanisms of interconnection of all participants in the securities market, identified conceptual problems of securities market organisation in Ukraine, substantiated the need to adapt international experience for institutional development of the national depository system of Ukraine. The materials of the study have practical value for the development of the depository system in Ukraine as a basis for the functioning of the securities market, compatible with technological international depository systems in full functionality, which guarantees investors' property rights and enables Ukraine to become a full-fledged redistributor of global financial resources and, accordingly, to attract investments for economic development pursuant to international rules and standards of “transparent” functioning of securities markets, thus putting institutional barriers to corruption influences. The comparative analysis of depository systems of different countries allowed covering weaknesses in the existing depository system of Ukraine, outlining the conceptual approaches to legislative and organisational actions on its development","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129551658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.17-24
Z. Shatska
The relevance of the study of the choice of enterprise integration model is related to the need to solve various problems faced by Ukrainian enterprises in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, including: reduction in profitability, reduction in investment, increase in the level of costs for ensuring the protection and safety of employees, the transition to environmental and savings production, and others. The purpose of the study is to analyse the existing Ukrainian and foreign business models based on synergy and integration, which allows creating a business structure. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is general scientific and specific methods used to solve the problem of operation, integration, and development of enterprises in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper summarises the problems faced by Ukrainian enterprises amid the COVID-19 pandemic. It is proposed as one of the ways out of the crisis of Ukrainian enterprises after the COVID-19 pandemic, the transition to business models based on synergy and integration with the formation of a business structure. For this purpose, Ukrainian and foreign models of creating business structures based on synergy and integration are summarised. The following models developed by Ukrainian researchers are identified: the model of a horizontally integrated business structure; the model of a vertically integrated business structure; the model of a globally integrated business structure; the model of a conglomerate-integrated business structure. The following models developed by foreign researchers are also summarised: a model for quantifying the impact of enterprise integration on the results of its activities; an information model; a model for designing and implementing an integrated enterprise system; a “three-lens” model; a business case model; a model for inter- and intra-organisational cooperation
{"title":"Enterprise integration models: Advantages and challenges of implementation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Z. Shatska","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.17-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.17-24","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the study of the choice of enterprise integration model is related to the need to solve various problems faced by Ukrainian enterprises in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, including: reduction in profitability, reduction in investment, increase in the level of costs for ensuring the protection and safety of employees, the transition to environmental and savings production, and others. The purpose of the study is to analyse the existing Ukrainian and foreign business models based on synergy and integration, which allows creating a business structure. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is general scientific and specific methods used to solve the problem of operation, integration, and development of enterprises in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper summarises the problems faced by Ukrainian enterprises amid the COVID-19 pandemic. It is proposed as one of the ways out of the crisis of Ukrainian enterprises after the COVID-19 pandemic, the transition to business models based on synergy and integration with the formation of a business structure. For this purpose, Ukrainian and foreign models of creating business structures based on synergy and integration are summarised. The following models developed by Ukrainian researchers are identified: the model of a horizontally integrated business structure; the model of a vertically integrated business structure; the model of a globally integrated business structure; the model of a conglomerate-integrated business structure. The following models developed by foreign researchers are also summarised: a model for quantifying the impact of enterprise integration on the results of its activities; an information model; a model for designing and implementing an integrated enterprise system; a “three-lens” model; a business case model; a model for inter- and intra-organisational cooperation","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123601009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.45-55
Mansur Badaev
Interaction between the state and business is one of the main ways to solve the social problems of modern states. The relevance of the subject matter is conditioned by the fact that the development of forms of public-private partnership provides an influx of investments from private entrepreneurs in the field of healthcare and pharmaceuticals in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study is to define the public-private partnerships and analyse international experience in implementing practises on specific projects. The methodological basis of the study consisted of the following methods: system, structural and functional, institutional, monographic, forecasting, tabular and graphical. In the course of the study, the theory and practise of public-private partnership in the healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors, the signs and principles of such partnership were considered. The classification was carried out, the most striking examples of the implementation of public-private partnerships were analysed. The differences between public-private partnership contracts were investigated, and attention was paid to the functions and content of such contracts, including the terms and expected risks. The advantages for each of the stakeholders in the public-private partnership were analysed: the private sector, the public sector, and consumers. The analysis of the current state of public-private partnership in the field of healthcare and pharmaceuticals in the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of recommendations for improving the forms of public-private partnership for the authorities to maintain state control and comply with the conditions for an adequate distribution of all risks, responsibilities and benefits among the participants of this type of partnership
{"title":"Public-private partnership in healthcare and pharmaceutical sector of the Republic of Kazakhstan","authors":"Mansur Badaev","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.45-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.45-55","url":null,"abstract":"Interaction between the state and business is one of the main ways to solve the social problems of modern states. The relevance of the subject matter is conditioned by the fact that the development of forms of public-private partnership provides an influx of investments from private entrepreneurs in the field of healthcare and pharmaceuticals in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study is to define the public-private partnerships and analyse international experience in implementing practises on specific projects. The methodological basis of the study consisted of the following methods: system, structural and functional, institutional, monographic, forecasting, tabular and graphical. In the course of the study, the theory and practise of public-private partnership in the healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors, the signs and principles of such partnership were considered. The classification was carried out, the most striking examples of the implementation of public-private partnerships were analysed. The differences between public-private partnership contracts were investigated, and attention was paid to the functions and content of such contracts, including the terms and expected risks. The advantages for each of the stakeholders in the public-private partnership were analysed: the private sector, the public sector, and consumers. The analysis of the current state of public-private partnership in the field of healthcare and pharmaceuticals in the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of recommendations for improving the forms of public-private partnership for the authorities to maintain state control and comply with the conditions for an adequate distribution of all risks, responsibilities and benefits among the participants of this type of partnership","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122721441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.101-107
S. Strapchuk
As a global initiative within the framework of the United Nations Environment Programme framework, the Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity emphasises the importance of applying a systematic approach to the assessment of Natural Resources and the need to introduce new forms of economic growth to the sustainable development of enterprises. Existing management practices of agricultural enterprises, such as monoculture, create a constant monotonous load on the soil and lead to a decrease in humus content, contribute to erosion, but remain highly profitable. Changing the forms of economic growth in favour of introducing sustainable practices such as organic production, sustainable intensification, and eco-production requires appropriate sources of financing, a high level of environmental awareness, and comprehensive methods for assessing environmental and economic factors. The purpose of the study is to substantiate a methodological approach to a comprehensive assessment of the ecological and economic diversification of an enterprise based on the principles of sustainable development, which allows taking into account the level of diversity of cultivated crops in relation to the structure of marketable products. To achieve this goal, statistical information on the activities of agricultural enterprises in the Kharkivska Oblast was used, as well as monographic, graphical and statistical methods of research. Data analysis and processing were performed using specialised software: Microsoft Excel and Statistica 10. The study presents the developed and tested coefficient of ecological and economic diversification, which allows assessing the level of agrobiodiversity of sown areas and marketable products of agricultural enterprises based on the management results for 2019. The coefficient is based on information theory in the context of applying the Shannon-Weaver index. As a result of the search for the relationship between the coefficient of ecological and economic diversification and profit per 1 hectare, the statement about the gradual loss of profitability during the growth of the number of types of crops is confirmed. However, there are enterprises that maintain profitability during the expansion of the acreage structure. The practical significance of the findings obtained is allows assessing the possibility of adapting the structure of acreage to market conditions, taking into account environmental and economic factors
{"title":"Level of Ecological and Economic Diversification: A Methodology for Assessing the Sustainability of Agricultural Enterprises","authors":"S. Strapchuk","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.101-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.101-107","url":null,"abstract":"As a global initiative within the framework of the United Nations Environment Programme framework, the Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity emphasises the importance of applying a systematic approach to the assessment of Natural Resources and the need to introduce new forms of economic growth to the sustainable development of enterprises. Existing management practices of agricultural enterprises, such as monoculture, create a constant monotonous load on the soil and lead to a decrease in humus content, contribute to erosion, but remain highly profitable. Changing the forms of economic growth in favour of introducing sustainable practices such as organic production, sustainable intensification, and eco-production requires appropriate sources of financing, a high level of environmental awareness, and comprehensive methods for assessing environmental and economic factors. The purpose of the study is to substantiate a methodological approach to a comprehensive assessment of the ecological and economic diversification of an enterprise based on the principles of sustainable development, which allows taking into account the level of diversity of cultivated crops in relation to the structure of marketable products. To achieve this goal, statistical information on the activities of agricultural enterprises in the Kharkivska Oblast was used, as well as monographic, graphical and statistical methods of research. Data analysis and processing were performed using specialised software: Microsoft Excel and Statistica 10. The study presents the developed and tested coefficient of ecological and economic diversification, which allows assessing the level of agrobiodiversity of sown areas and marketable products of agricultural enterprises based on the management results for 2019. The coefficient is based on information theory in the context of applying the Shannon-Weaver index. As a result of the search for the relationship between the coefficient of ecological and economic diversification and profit per 1 hectare, the statement about the gradual loss of profitability during the growth of the number of types of crops is confirmed. However, there are enterprises that maintain profitability during the expansion of the acreage structure. The practical significance of the findings obtained is allows assessing the possibility of adapting the structure of acreage to market conditions, taking into account environmental and economic factors","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114658254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.82-89
K. Sosiedko, M. Palmieri
The relevance of the study is conditioned by the fact that the violation of land ownership rights and the moratorium on the purchase and sale of land plots limit the development of the national economy in general and the land market in particular, contributing to the operation of shadow agribusiness. However, starting from 01.07.2021, all restrictions on the sale of agricultural land are lifted, and new opportunities and threats arise. The purpose of the study is to analyse the new legislation regulating the launch of an open land market in Ukraine. To obtain scientific results, the following methods are used: dialectical, comparison, analogies and comparisons, monographic, benchmarking, expert evaluation method, SWOT analysis, forecasting method, analysis and synthesis. In accordance with this, the current state of land in Ukraine and European countries is considered. The existing land market in Ukraine and the world is analysed. A historical retrospective inquiry of events related to the lifting of the land moratorium is carried out. The law that ensures the launch of an open land market is characterised. Significant additions are identified in the law between the first and second readings. The mechanism of regulating the launch of the Ukrainian open land market is clarified. This study considers the international experience of operation of the open-type land market and reflects competitive prices for 1 hectare of land in comparison with Ukraine. According to this, the positive impact of land reform in European countries is determined. The main factors of effectiveness of the open land market model in foreign countries are presented. The main opportunities and threats for an open land market in Ukraine are analysed. The findings of the study reflect both the positive and negative consequences of launching an open market in Ukraine, citing expert opinions of supporters and opponents of such a market transformation
{"title":"Open Land Market in Ukraine: Pragmatics of the Phenomenon through the Lens of European Experience","authors":"K. Sosiedko, M. Palmieri","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.82-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.82-89","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the study is conditioned by the fact that the violation of land ownership rights and the moratorium on the purchase and sale of land plots limit the development of the national economy in general and the land market in particular, contributing to the operation of shadow agribusiness. However, starting from 01.07.2021, all restrictions on the sale of agricultural land are lifted, and new opportunities and threats arise. The purpose of the study is to analyse the new legislation regulating the launch of an open land market in Ukraine. To obtain scientific results, the following methods are used: dialectical, comparison, analogies and comparisons, monographic, benchmarking, expert evaluation method, SWOT analysis, forecasting method, analysis and synthesis. In accordance with this, the current state of land in Ukraine and European countries is considered. The existing land market in Ukraine and the world is analysed. A historical retrospective inquiry of events related to the lifting of the land moratorium is carried out. The law that ensures the launch of an open land market is characterised. Significant additions are identified in the law between the first and second readings. The mechanism of regulating the launch of the Ukrainian open land market is clarified. This study considers the international experience of operation of the open-type land market and reflects competitive prices for 1 hectare of land in comparison with Ukraine. According to this, the positive impact of land reform in European countries is determined. The main factors of effectiveness of the open land market model in foreign countries are presented. The main opportunities and threats for an open land market in Ukraine are analysed. The findings of the study reflect both the positive and negative consequences of launching an open market in Ukraine, citing expert opinions of supporters and opponents of such a market transformation","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125482750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.123-130
O. Kuzmenko, M. Kashcha, Roman Marchenko
The division of the regions of Ukraine into “red”, “orange”, “yellow” and “green” zones are the consequences of the differentiated regional impact of the pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus, but the reasons for such different vulnerabilities have not been clarified yet. The purpose of the study is to construct a system of regression equations containing implicit variables that are common characteristics of industries and help to analyse relationships in a complex system. The methodological tools of the study were: review of current scientific trends using VOSViewer 1.6.10, the main component method, which allows selecting the most significant factors and model with structural equations that reflect the relationship between the three areas of activity. 25 oblasts of Ukraine were selected as the object of the study, since they have different levels of vulnerability to the pandemic and can become a model for studying the regional differentiation of any country. The study presents the results of an empirical analysis of the structure of three areas of activity of the country. Modelling of structural equations to establish the relationship between the factors of vulnerability of the regions of Ukraine from the COVID-19 pandemic, the environmental state and the state of readiness of the medical system is carried out. It is theoretically substantiated that there is a direct connection between the studied areas: environmental, medical and epidemiological, and that deterioration in one industry leads to deterioration in another. The results obtained prove that it is possible to influence the differentiated course of the pandemic, but not after the event. A consistent increase in funding from the state budget for healthcare would have a greater effect, with sufficient financial support for environmental protection. The choice of state strategies must be approached comprehensively, because a narrow reform of the system, such as medical, will not give the maximum effect, without an innovative policy in the field of ecology
{"title":"Structural Modelling of the Relationship between the Vulnerability of Ukrainian Regions to COVID-19, Environmental Status and Factors of Readiness of the Medical System","authors":"O. Kuzmenko, M. Kashcha, Roman Marchenko","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.123-130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.123-130","url":null,"abstract":"The division of the regions of Ukraine into “red”, “orange”, “yellow” and “green” zones are the consequences of the differentiated regional impact of the pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus, but the reasons for such different vulnerabilities have not been clarified yet. The purpose of the study is to construct a system of regression equations containing implicit variables that are common characteristics of industries and help to analyse relationships in a complex system. The methodological tools of the study were: review of current scientific trends using VOSViewer 1.6.10, the main component method, which allows selecting the most significant factors and model with structural equations that reflect the relationship between the three areas of activity. 25 oblasts of Ukraine were selected as the object of the study, since they have different levels of vulnerability to the pandemic and can become a model for studying the regional differentiation of any country. The study presents the results of an empirical analysis of the structure of three areas of activity of the country. Modelling of structural equations to establish the relationship between the factors of vulnerability of the regions of Ukraine from the COVID-19 pandemic, the environmental state and the state of readiness of the medical system is carried out. It is theoretically substantiated that there is a direct connection between the studied areas: environmental, medical and epidemiological, and that deterioration in one industry leads to deterioration in another. The results obtained prove that it is possible to influence the differentiated course of the pandemic, but not after the event. A consistent increase in funding from the state budget for healthcare would have a greater effect, with sufficient financial support for environmental protection. The choice of state strategies must be approached comprehensively, because a narrow reform of the system, such as medical, will not give the maximum effect, without an innovative policy in the field of ecology","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133706867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.56-81
Nadiia Kryvenko
The conclusion of regional trade agreements has increased to hundreds. The benefits of integration, fears of protectionism on the part of uniting countries, and other factors contribute to this process. Ukraine has signed agreements with more than 40 countries, including integration groups. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the specific features of its agreements, prospects for their development and signing new ones. It is worth analysing the conclusion of agreements in the historical aspect, based on the level of their economic development, foreign trade, the trade complementarity level, and identifying development opportunities. Therefore, general scientific and special methods were used in this study, in particular historical, analysis and synthesis, economic analysis, tabular, etc. The study examined research performed by other scientists; statistical data from the Centre for international trade, the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO); international treaties and regulatory documents. According to the analysis of concluding agreements, it is proposed to divide them into two periods: before and after 2000. In the first case, they were concluded mainly with developing and neighbouring countries, and in the second – with developed countries outside the former Soviet Union. At first, the partners were mainly the CIS countries, then Europe, and later other regions, but there were also disintegration processes with the Baltic states. It is established that transactions have their specific features regarding the provision of a favourable regime, e-commerce, etc. It is proposed to divide integration risks into predictable and unpredictable ones. The main importers of all and agri-food products were identified among the countries with which agreements have been concluded. Exports to such countries are mainly growing, as well as the share of agri-food products. The trade balance and low share in Ukraine's exports indicate the feasibility of developing trade. The calculation of the complementarity index allows predicting the prospects for the development of relations with countries with which agreements are planned and already concluded, as well as with the main importers of the world market. The results of the study indicate prospects for the development of trade, but this will depend on the content of transactions, product competitiveness, etc.
{"title":"Regional Trade Agreements of Ukraine: Realities and Prospects","authors":"Nadiia Kryvenko","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.56-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.56-81","url":null,"abstract":"The conclusion of regional trade agreements has increased to hundreds. The benefits of integration, fears of protectionism on the part of uniting countries, and other factors contribute to this process. Ukraine has signed agreements with more than 40 countries, including integration groups. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the specific features of its agreements, prospects for their development and signing new ones. It is worth analysing the conclusion of agreements in the historical aspect, based on the level of their economic development, foreign trade, the trade complementarity level, and identifying development opportunities. Therefore, general scientific and special methods were used in this study, in particular historical, analysis and synthesis, economic analysis, tabular, etc. The study examined research performed by other scientists; statistical data from the Centre for international trade, the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO); international treaties and regulatory documents. According to the analysis of concluding agreements, it is proposed to divide them into two periods: before and after 2000. In the first case, they were concluded mainly with developing and neighbouring countries, and in the second – with developed countries outside the former Soviet Union. At first, the partners were mainly the CIS countries, then Europe, and later other regions, but there were also disintegration processes with the Baltic states. It is established that transactions have their specific features regarding the provision of a favourable regime, e-commerce, etc. It is proposed to divide integration risks into predictable and unpredictable ones. The main importers of all and agri-food products were identified among the countries with which agreements have been concluded. Exports to such countries are mainly growing, as well as the share of agri-food products. The trade balance and low share in Ukraine's exports indicate the feasibility of developing trade. The calculation of the complementarity index allows predicting the prospects for the development of relations with countries with which agreements are planned and already concluded, as well as with the main importers of the world market. The results of the study indicate prospects for the development of trade, but this will depend on the content of transactions, product competitiveness, etc.","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120916949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.117-122
Volodymyr Herasymenko, Julia O. Lutsyk, Olexander M. Demenev, V. Mirnenko
This study offers a solution to one of the problems that arise in the routine practice of the Head managers of the Ukrainian Armed Forces and Ministry of Defence – budgetary units when making management decisions. Namely, the search for the most economical (cost saving) option for placing an order between several potential contractors to save budgetary funds, minimise possible risks of exceeding the customer's costs, and organisation of rational spending of financial resources. The purpose of the study is to determine the mechanisms for rapid replenishment of losses of defence products due to the early distribution of defence orders among manufacturers with savings in budgetary funds. To solve the stated problem, an approach was proposed using a statistical method of quantitative risk analysis based on two indicators: the probability of savings and the risk of not receiving the expected savings. An example of using the proposed approach is given for two alternative options for placing an order for unmanned aerial vehicles to create joint aviation groups between three potential contractors. The proposed mechanism for summarising calculations in the final table, acceptable for analysis and allows making the final decision in the management link. In contrast to the approaches used in developed economies, the proposed approach takes into account the capabilities of the manufacturer in terms of production volumes and short deadlines for the production of defence products. Notably, the approach in question can be applied if there are more than two alternative options for the distribution of orders and for more than three potential contractors
{"title":"Substantiation of an Economically Feasible Option for Ordering Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Joint Aviation Groups","authors":"Volodymyr Herasymenko, Julia O. Lutsyk, Olexander M. Demenev, V. Mirnenko","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.117-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.117-122","url":null,"abstract":"This study offers a solution to one of the problems that arise in the routine practice of the Head managers of the Ukrainian Armed Forces and Ministry of Defence – budgetary units when making management decisions. Namely, the search for the most economical (cost saving) option for placing an order between several potential contractors to save budgetary funds, minimise possible risks of exceeding the customer's costs, and organisation of rational spending of financial resources. The purpose of the study is to determine the mechanisms for rapid replenishment of losses of defence products due to the early distribution of defence orders among manufacturers with savings in budgetary funds. To solve the stated problem, an approach was proposed using a statistical method of quantitative risk analysis based on two indicators: the probability of savings and the risk of not receiving the expected savings. An example of using the proposed approach is given for two alternative options for placing an order for unmanned aerial vehicles to create joint aviation groups between three potential contractors. The proposed mechanism for summarising calculations in the final table, acceptable for analysis and allows making the final decision in the management link. In contrast to the approaches used in developed economies, the proposed approach takes into account the capabilities of the manufacturer in terms of production volumes and short deadlines for the production of defence products. Notably, the approach in question can be applied if there are more than two alternative options for the distribution of orders and for more than three potential contractors","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126862302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.90-100
N. Vernihorova
The requirements of modern society for urban parks represent them as multifunctional territories. Global trends suggest that parks have a social essence and are focused on creating a healthy and aesthetic environment. But in Ukraine, parks are considered only as landscape and architectural complexes. Therefore, they are financed under urban planning programmes and at the expense of budget funds. Attracting funds from organisations in the field of landscaping requires greater integration of parks into the socio-economic system. At the same time, it is necessary to develop mechanisms for economic incentives for organisations to participate in the improvement of park areas. The purpose of this study is an economic analysis of modern financing of the green economy in Ukraine and the development of proposals for additional sources of financial support for parks. In this paper, using the analytical method, the accounting of the financial state of the green economy in the regions of Ukraine is carried out. Typical problems of modern financing, the main shortcomings of budget financing, and problems of commercial organisations in the field of urban greening are highlighted. Using the economic and mathematical modeling (index method), the analysis of changes in indicators of providing green spaces and, accordingly, indicators of their financial condition is carried out. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of recommendations on additional ways to finance park management based on the introduction of the practice of public-private partnerships, trust agreements, and easement. Requirements have been formed for legal entities that have the right to conclude such transactions. An economic mechanism for stimulating the establishment of publicprivate partnerships and concluding agreements in the field of landscaping is proposed
{"title":"Analysis of Organisational and Economic Support of Urban Parks in Ukraine","authors":"N. Vernihorova","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.90-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.90-100","url":null,"abstract":"The requirements of modern society for urban parks represent them as multifunctional territories. Global trends suggest that parks have a social essence and are focused on creating a healthy and aesthetic environment. But in Ukraine, parks are considered only as landscape and architectural complexes. Therefore, they are financed under urban planning programmes and at the expense of budget funds. Attracting funds from organisations in the field of landscaping requires greater integration of parks into the socio-economic system. At the same time, it is necessary to develop mechanisms for economic incentives for organisations to participate in the improvement of park areas. The purpose of this study is an economic analysis of modern financing of the green economy in Ukraine and the development of proposals for additional sources of financial support for parks. In this paper, using the analytical method, the accounting of the financial state of the green economy in the regions of Ukraine is carried out. Typical problems of modern financing, the main shortcomings of budget financing, and problems of commercial organisations in the field of urban greening are highlighted. Using the economic and mathematical modeling (index method), the analysis of changes in indicators of providing green spaces and, accordingly, indicators of their financial condition is carried out. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of recommendations on additional ways to finance park management based on the introduction of the practice of public-private partnerships, trust agreements, and easement. Requirements have been formed for legal entities that have the right to conclude such transactions. An economic mechanism for stimulating the establishment of publicprivate partnerships and concluding agreements in the field of landscaping is proposed","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130360396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-24DOI: 10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.9-16
V. Hobela, S. Melnyk
The volume of capital outflows from Ukraine to offshore jurisdictions has become quite large and poses a threat to the economic security of the state, however, measures to de-offshorise the economy are not effective. Therefore, this study is aimed at identifying factors that affect the level of offshoring of the economy, in addition to the state's tax policy, and at developing measures to de-offshorise the state economy. The study used general and special methods of cognition, economic, mathematical, and statistical analysis, the method of deduction and theoretical generalisation. A theoretical analysis of offshoring as an economic category is carried out, the scale of offshoring of the world economy and its impact on the economic security of the state is determined, which substantiated the relevance of the chosen research topic. The main factors influencing the level of offshoring of the economy, except for tax evasion, are highlighted. A methodology and algorithm for determining the total amount of capital outflow are proposed and calculations of the total amount of capital outflow from Ukraine for 2013-2019 are carried out. A correlation analysis was carried out to determine the level of influence of certain factors on the offshoring level of the Ukrainian economy. A mathematical model of the influence of these factors is constructed (x1 , x2 ... xn ) at the level of offshoring of the economy (y), which allowed identifying the factors that most contribute to the increase in the volume of capital outflows from Ukraine. A comparison of the level of corporate raiding, the coefficient of offshoring and the volume of capital outflow from Ukraine is carried out, and a conclusion is made about their stable interdependence. Based on the results of the study, the main ways of de-offshoring of the Ukrainian economy in the process of creating and forming the Bureau of Economic Security of Ukraine are developed. It is proposed to create a division within the specified bureau that will perform the functions of countering raiding and violation of property rights of business entities. It is assumed that these measures would contribute to the de-offshoring of the economy and ensure the economic security of the state. The findings of the study can be used to form legislative and institutional support for deoffshoring and ensure the economic security of the state. In particular, based on the results, it is recommended to form the main directions of work and functions of the newly created Bureau of Economic Security of Ukraine
{"title":"Offshoring as a Threat to the National Economic Security: Causes and Ways to Counteract","authors":"V. Hobela, S. Melnyk","doi":"10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.9-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52566/msu-econ.8(2).2021.9-16","url":null,"abstract":"The volume of capital outflows from Ukraine to offshore jurisdictions has become quite large and poses a threat to the economic security of the state, however, measures to de-offshorise the economy are not effective. Therefore, this study is aimed at identifying factors that affect the level of offshoring of the economy, in addition to the state's tax policy, and at developing measures to de-offshorise the state economy. The study used general and special methods of cognition, economic, mathematical, and statistical analysis, the method of deduction and theoretical generalisation. A theoretical analysis of offshoring as an economic category is carried out, the scale of offshoring of the world economy and its impact on the economic security of the state is determined, which substantiated the relevance of the chosen research topic. The main factors influencing the level of offshoring of the economy, except for tax evasion, are highlighted. A methodology and algorithm for determining the total amount of capital outflow are proposed and calculations of the total amount of capital outflow from Ukraine for 2013-2019 are carried out. A correlation analysis was carried out to determine the level of influence of certain factors on the offshoring level of the Ukrainian economy. A mathematical model of the influence of these factors is constructed (x1 , x2 ... xn ) at the level of offshoring of the economy (y), which allowed identifying the factors that most contribute to the increase in the volume of capital outflows from Ukraine. A comparison of the level of corporate raiding, the coefficient of offshoring and the volume of capital outflow from Ukraine is carried out, and a conclusion is made about their stable interdependence. Based on the results of the study, the main ways of de-offshoring of the Ukrainian economy in the process of creating and forming the Bureau of Economic Security of Ukraine are developed. It is proposed to create a division within the specified bureau that will perform the functions of countering raiding and violation of property rights of business entities. It is assumed that these measures would contribute to the de-offshoring of the economy and ensure the economic security of the state. The findings of the study can be used to form legislative and institutional support for deoffshoring and ensure the economic security of the state. In particular, based on the results, it is recommended to form the main directions of work and functions of the newly created Bureau of Economic Security of Ukraine","PeriodicalId":331060,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Bulletin of Mukachevo State University. Series «Economics»","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116970391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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