Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.017
Xiujie Zhang
Relevance. China, Mongolia, and Russia are among each other’s major trade partners. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a large impact on global trade, which creates the need to analyze further prospects of the trilateral cooperation between China, Mongolia and Russia. Research objective. This study aims to analyze China-Mongolia-Russia trade cooperation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data and methods. This article applies a comparative analysis method to examine the development and changes in import and export trade between China, Mongolia, and Russia before and after the beginning of the project of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor, from 2014 to 2020. The research relies on the data from the China Trade and Foreign Economy Statistical Yearbook, Northeast Asia Economic Statistics of Sea of Japan Economic Research Institute, Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China, Russian Customs, and National Bureau of Statistics of Mongolia. Results. Along with the realization of the medium and short-term goal of raising the volume of trade turnover within the Corridor, the three countries seek to play more and more important roles as each other’s trade partners. It is observed that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volume of trade has not been significant, and thus the fundamental premises of trilateral trade cooperation have remained largely unchanged. Conclusions. To increase the volume of trade between China, Mongolia and Russia, it is necessary to improve the trade structure, reduce tariffs, establish free trade areas and actively promote the diversification of trade cooperation.
{"title":"Prospects of China-Mongolia-Russia trade in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Xiujie Zhang","doi":"10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.017","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. China, Mongolia, and Russia are among each other’s major trade partners. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a large impact on global trade, which creates the need to analyze further prospects of the trilateral cooperation between China, Mongolia and Russia. Research objective. This study aims to analyze China-Mongolia-Russia trade cooperation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data and methods. This article applies a comparative analysis method to examine the development and changes in import and export trade between China, Mongolia, and Russia before and after the beginning of the project of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor, from 2014 to 2020. The research relies on the data from the China Trade and Foreign Economy Statistical Yearbook, Northeast Asia Economic Statistics of Sea of Japan Economic Research Institute, Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China, Russian Customs, and National Bureau of Statistics of Mongolia. Results. Along with the realization of the medium and short-term goal of raising the volume of trade turnover within the Corridor, the three countries seek to play more and more important roles as each other’s trade partners. It is observed that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volume of trade has not been significant, and thus the fundamental premises of trilateral trade cooperation have remained largely unchanged. Conclusions. To increase the volume of trade between China, Mongolia and Russia, it is necessary to improve the trade structure, reduce tariffs, establish free trade areas and actively promote the diversification of trade cooperation.","PeriodicalId":33206,"journal":{"name":"REconomy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67262343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/recon.2021.7.4.022
O. Sukharev, E. Voronchikhina
Relevance. The development of the Eurasian Union means economic integration between its member countries (Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia). For more efficient coordination of this process, it is necessary to analyze national models of economic growth and adjust the Union’s economic policy accordingly. Research objective. The study aims to identify the national models of economic growth by applying the structural analysis method and building regression models of GDP growth. Data and methods. The study relies on the structural analysis of GDP growth and regression analysis of the impact of macroeconomic policy instruments. Results. The study provides an overview of the research literature on the factors affecting economic growth (e.g. the financial structure, government expenditures. Based on the results of the structural analysis, a classification of the models of economic growth in terms of expenditures and sectors is proposed. This classification can be used to devise measures stimulating cooperation and integration within the Eurasian Union. Conclusions. The study has revealed the differences between the national models of economic growth by looking at each country’s reaction to the crises of 2009 and 2015. These differences correspond to the peculiarities of each country’s economic policy and need to be taken into account in the Union’s policy-making.
{"title":"Comparative structural analysis of economic growth in countries of the Eurasian Economic Union","authors":"O. Sukharev, E. Voronchikhina","doi":"10.15826/recon.2021.7.4.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/recon.2021.7.4.022","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The development of the Eurasian Union means economic integration between its member countries (Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia). For more efficient coordination of this process, it is necessary to analyze national models of economic growth and adjust the Union’s economic policy accordingly. Research objective. The study aims to identify the national models of economic growth by applying the structural analysis method and building regression models of GDP growth. Data and methods. The study relies on the structural analysis of GDP growth and regression analysis of the impact of macroeconomic policy instruments. Results. The study provides an overview of the research literature on the factors affecting economic growth (e.g. the financial structure, government expenditures. Based on the results of the structural analysis, a classification of the models of economic growth in terms of expenditures and sectors is proposed. This classification can be used to devise measures stimulating cooperation and integration within the Eurasian Union. Conclusions. The study has revealed the differences between the national models of economic growth by looking at each country’s reaction to the crises of 2009 and 2015. These differences correspond to the peculiarities of each country’s economic policy and need to be taken into account in the Union’s policy-making.","PeriodicalId":33206,"journal":{"name":"REconomy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67262444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/recon.2021.7.4.021
Marat T. Urdabaev, R. Utkelbay
Relevance. Large-scale digitalization projects contribute to national economic development and to the improvement of the living standards in countries and regions. Cities with high population density and vibrant economic growth can benefit the most from such projects. Research objective. This study aims to conduct a strategic analysis of smart city projects in capital cities of Russia and Kazakhstan (Moscow, Nur-Sultan, and Almaty). Data and methods. The study provides an overview of academic and professional media publications on the topic, national and local official documents, materials reflecting expert discussions about the problems of smart city development in Russia and Kazakhstan. Methodologically, the study relies on SWOT-analysis methods used to systematize diverse empirical data and to provide evidence for managerial decision-making. Results. In this study, we systematized the key approaches to the definition of a smart city and proposed our own interpretation of this term with a special emphasis on SWOT factors. The main digital services in Moscow, Nur-Sultan and Almaty were described. The results of SWOT analysis have shown some significant differences in the way the three capital cities implement their smart city projects as well as similar problems they are facing, such as the institutional barriers, the lack of standards, financial constraints, the shortage of domestically produced equipment and software, of highly qualified human resources, and private investors. Conclusions. The range of factors that affect the implementation of smart city projects in the three cities include the COVID-19 pandemic, which is likely to stimulate the digital transformation both in the short and long term.
{"title":"SWOT analysis of smart city projects in capital cities of Russia and Kazakhstan","authors":"Marat T. Urdabaev, R. Utkelbay","doi":"10.15826/recon.2021.7.4.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/recon.2021.7.4.021","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Large-scale digitalization projects contribute to national economic development and to the improvement of the living standards in countries and regions. Cities with high population density and vibrant economic growth can benefit the most from such projects. Research objective. This study aims to conduct a strategic analysis of smart city projects in capital cities of Russia and Kazakhstan (Moscow, Nur-Sultan, and Almaty). Data and methods. The study provides an overview of academic and professional media publications on the topic, national and local official documents, materials reflecting expert discussions about the problems of smart city development in Russia and Kazakhstan. Methodologically, the study relies on SWOT-analysis methods used to systematize diverse empirical data and to provide evidence for managerial decision-making. Results. In this study, we systematized the key approaches to the definition of a smart city and proposed our own interpretation of this term with a special emphasis on SWOT factors. The main digital services in Moscow, Nur-Sultan and Almaty were described. The results of SWOT analysis have shown some significant differences in the way the three capital cities implement their smart city projects as well as similar problems they are facing, such as the institutional barriers, the lack of standards, financial constraints, the shortage of domestically produced equipment and software, of highly qualified human resources, and private investors. Conclusions. The range of factors that affect the implementation of smart city projects in the three cities include the COVID-19 pandemic, which is likely to stimulate the digital transformation both in the short and long term.","PeriodicalId":33206,"journal":{"name":"REconomy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67262876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.013
A. A. Pobedin, N. Balynskaya, Dina Williams
Relevance. The spread of the coronavirus infection and the ensuing economic restrictions significantly influenced the main parameters of the socio-economic development of Russia and its territories, affecting the growth rate, production structure, territorial differentiation and competitiveness of Russian regions. Purpose of the study. The key goal of the study was to identify the socio-economic changes in the development of the country and its regions during the pandemic. Data and Methods. The analysis relies on open data on the socio-economic development of Russian regions for 2019–2021 (monthly, quarterly and annual periods), posted on the official website of Rosstat. Methodologically, the study is based on the comparative analysis of the data for the federal districts and their regions. Results. The study describes the main trends in the development of industry, trade, paid services, and investment potential and in the dynamics of unemployment and income in federal districts and regions. The first wave hit Russian regions the hardest due to the rigorous restrictions. Although no sharp recession was detected during the second wave, the stagnation in the key sectors persisted. The third wave is expected to have the same impact as the second. Conclusions. After the second wave subsided, there was a revival of economic activity in the spring of 2021. However, this has not turned into a steady trend yet. The coronavirus pandemic affected the competitiveness of regions. The importance of certain factors (including those related to resource potential) decreased during the pandemic, while the role of the competitive position of regions in the distribution of federal budget transfers increased.
{"title":"Socio-economic consequences of the first and second waves of the pandemic in Russian regions","authors":"A. A. Pobedin, N. Balynskaya, Dina Williams","doi":"10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.013","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The spread of the coronavirus infection and the ensuing economic restrictions significantly influenced the main parameters of the socio-economic development of Russia and its territories, affecting the growth rate, production structure, territorial differentiation and competitiveness of Russian regions. Purpose of the study. The key goal of the study was to identify the socio-economic changes in the development of the country and its regions during the pandemic. Data and Methods. The analysis relies on open data on the socio-economic development of Russian regions for 2019–2021 (monthly, quarterly and annual periods), posted on the official website of Rosstat. Methodologically, the study is based on the comparative analysis of the data for the federal districts and their regions. Results. The study describes the main trends in the development of industry, trade, paid services, and investment potential and in the dynamics of unemployment and income in federal districts and regions. The first wave hit Russian regions the hardest due to the rigorous restrictions. Although no sharp recession was detected during the second wave, the stagnation in the key sectors persisted. The third wave is expected to have the same impact as the second. Conclusions. After the second wave subsided, there was a revival of economic activity in the spring of 2021. However, this has not turned into a steady trend yet. The coronavirus pandemic affected the competitiveness of regions. The importance of certain factors (including those related to resource potential) decreased during the pandemic, while the role of the competitive position of regions in the distribution of federal budget transfers increased.","PeriodicalId":33206,"journal":{"name":"REconomy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67262321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/recon.2021.7.4.023
V. Beliaeva, E. D. Frolova
Relevance. Higher education is one of the main areas for the development of national and world economy. To remain competitive on the national and international markets of higher education, universities need to invest considerable financial, human and other resources into internationalization. There is, however, no ‘one-size-fits-all’ solution and universities may choose from an array of strategies to become more visible on the international arena and to move up the global rankings. Research objective. The purpose of this article is to clarify the concept of internationalization in the field of higher education, to identify the key factors that influence universities’ success in internationalization and to explore the strategies and activities used by universities from different countries to internationalize. Materials and Methods. Methodologically, this study relies on the methods of directed content analysis, cluster analysis with SPSS statistics, case studies and interviews. The sample included 32 universities from Western Europe, China and Japan, Russia and the USA – participants of international programs of competitiveness enhancement. Results. 7 key factors that determine the success of a university’s internationalization efforts were identified, the most important of which are financial resources and international interaction. The study also proposes a methodology based on calculation of the internationalization index, which can be applied to determine this or that university’s type and choose the optimal activities to enhance its internationalization. Conclusions. Relocation of the university to a type (cluster) of a higher level through the implementation of the proposed activities can be considered as a modern way of their internationalization.
{"title":"From ‘candidates’ to ‘grandmasters’: internationalization strategies of universities","authors":"V. Beliaeva, E. D. Frolova","doi":"10.15826/recon.2021.7.4.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/recon.2021.7.4.023","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Higher education is one of the main areas for the development of national and world economy. To remain competitive on the national and international markets of higher education, universities need to invest considerable financial, human and other resources into internationalization. There is, however, no ‘one-size-fits-all’ solution and universities may choose from an array of strategies to become more visible on the international arena and to move up the global rankings. Research objective. The purpose of this article is to clarify the concept of internationalization in the field of higher education, to identify the key factors that influence universities’ success in internationalization and to explore the strategies and activities used by universities from different countries to internationalize. Materials and Methods. Methodologically, this study relies on the methods of directed content analysis, cluster analysis with SPSS statistics, case studies and interviews. The sample included 32 universities from Western Europe, China and Japan, Russia and the USA – participants of international programs of competitiveness enhancement. Results. 7 key factors that determine the success of a university’s internationalization efforts were identified, the most important of which are financial resources and international interaction. The study also proposes a methodology based on calculation of the internationalization index, which can be applied to determine this or that university’s type and choose the optimal activities to enhance its internationalization. Conclusions. Relocation of the university to a type (cluster) of a higher level through the implementation of the proposed activities can be considered as a modern way of their internationalization.","PeriodicalId":33206,"journal":{"name":"REconomy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67262502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.016
R. Akhunov, Liaisan. R. Akhunova, Sergey G. Marichev, R. Nizamutdinov
Relevance. One of the key long-term strategic goals of Russia's economic development is to increase the share of the digital and green economy in the gross product of the country and its regions. The recession caused by the pandemic has brought to the forefront the challenges of digitalization in the country's oil and gas sector, which was among the hardest hit sectors, and thus required significant effort on the part of regional governments. Research objective. This research aims to demonstrate the key role played by digitalization and environmentalization in the recovery of the Russian oil and gas regions from the pandemic. Data and methods. The study provides an overview of the Russian and international research literature on the ways to foster economic recovery and growth after the COVID-19 pandemic, including the publications of the United Nations and the World Economic Forum. Methodologically, the study relies on the empirical, general scientific methods and methods of economic statistics. We used in our calculations the data from the open-access statistical yearbook 'Russian Regions' published by Rosstat. Results The study analyzed the challenges of digitalization faced by Russian oil and gas regions to show the need for institutional transformations on the national level. We also formulated some recommendations for the improvement of the evaluation of regional governments' digitalization efforts in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the more general evaluation of the digital transformation of regional economies. Conclusions To stimulate economic growth of Russian oil and gas regions recovering from the pandemic, a viable strategy would be to place a greater emphasis on their sustainable and digital development. In the international rankings such as the EDGI Ranking presented annually by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA), Russia occupies a high position in terms of e-government services and digitalization in other spheres. Nevertheless, as far as the Russian oil and gas regions are concerned, there are considerable disparities in terms of digitalization. To accelerate digital transformation, we would highly recommend to improve the methods of evaluation of the digital progress in regional government, especially to include a set of indicators characterising regional governments' responses to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Russian oil and gas regions during the COVID-19 crisis and their digital transformation","authors":"R. Akhunov, Liaisan. R. Akhunova, Sergey G. Marichev, R. Nizamutdinov","doi":"10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.016","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. One of the key long-term strategic goals of Russia's economic development is to increase the share of the digital and green economy in the gross product of the country and its regions. The recession caused by the pandemic has brought to the forefront the challenges of digitalization in the country's oil and gas sector, which was among the hardest hit sectors, and thus required significant effort on the part of regional governments. Research objective. This research aims to demonstrate the key role played by digitalization and environmentalization in the recovery of the Russian oil and gas regions from the pandemic. Data and methods. The study provides an overview of the Russian and international research literature on the ways to foster economic recovery and growth after the COVID-19 pandemic, including the publications of the United Nations and the World Economic Forum. Methodologically, the study relies on the empirical, general scientific methods and methods of economic statistics. We used in our calculations the data from the open-access statistical yearbook 'Russian Regions' published by Rosstat. Results The study analyzed the challenges of digitalization faced by Russian oil and gas regions to show the need for institutional transformations on the national level. We also formulated some recommendations for the improvement of the evaluation of regional governments' digitalization efforts in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the more general evaluation of the digital transformation of regional economies. Conclusions To stimulate economic growth of Russian oil and gas regions recovering from the pandemic, a viable strategy would be to place a greater emphasis on their sustainable and digital development. In the international rankings such as the EDGI Ranking presented annually by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA), Russia occupies a high position in terms of e-government services and digitalization in other spheres. Nevertheless, as far as the Russian oil and gas regions are concerned, there are considerable disparities in terms of digitalization. To accelerate digital transformation, we would highly recommend to improve the methods of evaluation of the digital progress in regional government, especially to include a set of indicators characterising regional governments' responses to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":33206,"journal":{"name":"REconomy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67262146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/recon.2021.7.4.019
N. Vlasova, E. Lyashenko
Relevance. University-business-government relations drive regional innovation. Therefore, in order to stimulate innovation, a favourable institutional environment is necessary. Research objective. The article proposes an original methodology to examine regional institutional environment based on the analysis of the interactions between the government, business and universities. Methods and data. The study relies on the statistical data on 12 Russian regions for a 6-year period. The data are used to create three sets of indicators characterizing the institutional sectors 'Government', 'Business' and 'Universities'. Regions are divided into clusters and ranked according to the state of their institutional environments by calculating subindices and the integral index. Other research methods include cluster analysis and correlation regression analysis. Results. The regions were grouped according to their innovation performance: in lagging regions, the interactions between the government, business and universities are inefficient, which means that their regional institutional environment is not conducive to innovation. The opposite situation is observed in the group of leaders. We also found that interactions between the government, business and universities have a direct influence on GRP. Conclusion. For each group of regions, areas for improvement and the corresponding measures were identified. Interventions may vary in terms of intensity and government participation.
{"title":"University-business-government relations in the development of the institutional environment of Russian regions","authors":"N. Vlasova, E. Lyashenko","doi":"10.15826/recon.2021.7.4.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/recon.2021.7.4.019","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. University-business-government relations drive regional innovation. Therefore, in order to stimulate innovation, a favourable institutional environment is necessary. Research objective. The article proposes an original methodology to examine regional institutional environment based on the analysis of the interactions between the government, business and universities. Methods and data. The study relies on the statistical data on 12 Russian regions for a 6-year period. The data are used to create three sets of indicators characterizing the institutional sectors 'Government', 'Business' and 'Universities'. Regions are divided into clusters and ranked according to the state of their institutional environments by calculating subindices and the integral index. Other research methods include cluster analysis and correlation regression analysis. Results. The regions were grouped according to their innovation performance: in lagging regions, the interactions between the government, business and universities are inefficient, which means that their regional institutional environment is not conducive to innovation. The opposite situation is observed in the group of leaders. We also found that interactions between the government, business and universities have a direct influence on GRP. Conclusion. For each group of regions, areas for improvement and the corresponding measures were identified. Interventions may vary in terms of intensity and government participation.","PeriodicalId":33206,"journal":{"name":"REconomy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67262311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.014
O. Romanova, A. Ponomareva
Relevance. The coronavirus pandemic has lead to one of the most serious crises in the global economy. The significant disparities between Russian regions influenced the levels of morbidity and their strategies of containing the crisis. Research objective. The aim of this paper is to identify the factors of regional development which, during the pandemic and in the post-pandemic period, affected and will affect the economic stability of Russian regions. Materials and Methods. The research is based on the Rosstat data, industry reviews, materials from analytical and consulting firms, Russian and international research literature. The research methodology is based on the structuralist approach and the provisions of the new structural economics put forward by J. Lin. The methods of comparative, statistical, and structural analysis were also used. Results. The most significant factors in regional economic development are the structure of the economy and the quality of public administration at the national and regional levels. The high-tech sector in the structure of a regional economy plays a pivotal role in ensuring its stability in the times of crisis. The study shows the need for a transition to independent national value chains. It is also necessary to develop a long-term national strategy aimed at stimulating the structural transformation of regional economies. Conclusions. The study has demonstrated the importance of the two key factors in shaping the regions’ responses to the pandemic and the speed of their recovery – the structure of regional economy and the role of the government. These factors should be taken into account by the Strategy of the State Regional Industrial Policy.
{"title":"The structural factor of regional economic stability in Russia during the coronacrisis period","authors":"O. Romanova, A. Ponomareva","doi":"10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.014","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. The coronavirus pandemic has lead to one of the most serious crises in the global economy. The significant disparities between Russian regions influenced the levels of morbidity and their strategies of containing the crisis. Research objective. The aim of this paper is to identify the factors of regional development which, during the pandemic and in the post-pandemic period, affected and will affect the economic stability of Russian regions. Materials and Methods. The research is based on the Rosstat data, industry reviews, materials from analytical and consulting firms, Russian and international research literature. The research methodology is based on the structuralist approach and the provisions of the new structural economics put forward by J. Lin. The methods of comparative, statistical, and structural analysis were also used. Results. The most significant factors in regional economic development are the structure of the economy and the quality of public administration at the national and regional levels. The high-tech sector in the structure of a regional economy plays a pivotal role in ensuring its stability in the times of crisis. The study shows the need for a transition to independent national value chains. It is also necessary to develop a long-term national strategy aimed at stimulating the structural transformation of regional economies. Conclusions. The study has demonstrated the importance of the two key factors in shaping the regions’ responses to the pandemic and the speed of their recovery – the structure of regional economy and the role of the government. These factors should be taken into account by the Strategy of the State Regional Industrial Policy.","PeriodicalId":33206,"journal":{"name":"REconomy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67262379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.018
Levis Petiho Numbu, Z. Belyaeva
Relevance. In the last 20 years Cameroon has faced a series of crises. The 2035 governmental programme of recovery aims to transform the country into an emerging economy nation. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have slowed down economic growth in Cameroon and the country is hoping to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) and thus benefit from the new business opportunities to revitalize its economy. This context makes the research on the relationship between FDI and GDP particularly relevant. Research objective. This paper is designed to assess the relationship between GDP and FDI in Cameroon in 2000-2020. In addition, we aim to assess the scope of internationalization through FDI as a possible catalyst for economic recovery. Data and methods. The paper uses correlation and regression analysis to show the relationship between FDI and GDP. Results. The results show that FDI can increase Cameroon’s GDP and may be used as an empirical basis for policy- and strategy-making in Cameroon. Conclusions. We found a strong correlation between FDI and GDP in Cameroon for a 21-year period. This result is supported by the double effect of FDI on the national economy: FDI directly affects the investment component of GDP, but it also influences economic growth indirectly. The activities of foreign firms in Cameroon can support trade and even balance of payment, which indirectly influences the export and import component of GDP. Foreign subsidiaries both solely owned or joint ventures pay indirect taxes to the government and thus influence government spending.
{"title":"The relationship between foreign direct investment and GDP in Cameroon (2000–2020)","authors":"Levis Petiho Numbu, Z. Belyaeva","doi":"10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.018","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. In the last 20 years Cameroon has faced a series of crises. The 2035 governmental programme of recovery aims to transform the country into an emerging economy nation. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have slowed down economic growth in Cameroon and the country is hoping to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) and thus benefit from the new business opportunities to revitalize its economy. This context makes the research on the relationship between FDI and GDP particularly relevant. Research objective. This paper is designed to assess the relationship between GDP and FDI in Cameroon in 2000-2020. In addition, we aim to assess the scope of internationalization through FDI as a possible catalyst for economic recovery. Data and methods. The paper uses correlation and regression analysis to show the relationship between FDI and GDP. Results. The results show that FDI can increase Cameroon’s GDP and may be used as an empirical basis for policy- and strategy-making in Cameroon. Conclusions. We found a strong correlation between FDI and GDP in Cameroon for a 21-year period. This result is supported by the double effect of FDI on the national economy: FDI directly affects the investment component of GDP, but it also influences economic growth indirectly. The activities of foreign firms in Cameroon can support trade and even balance of payment, which indirectly influences the export and import component of GDP. Foreign subsidiaries both solely owned or joint ventures pay indirect taxes to the government and thus influence government spending.","PeriodicalId":33206,"journal":{"name":"REconomy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67262241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.015
A. Oykher
Relevance. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, universities all over the world had to deal with a major challenge – transition from face-to-face to online learning. It was necessary to make this transition without damaging the quality of education and the transparency of examinations, especially entrance examinations taken by international students. The number of the latter fell significantly because of the pandemic and the competition for overseas students became especially fierce. One of the optimal solutions to the problem of conducting entrance exams during the pandemic was the online proctoring system. Research objective. This research aims to assess the economic efficiency of the online proctoring system by looking at the case of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT). Data and methods. The article compares the most popular online proctoring systems on the market and used by universities in Russia and other country. Furthermore, it analyzes the results of the international admission campaign in 2020 and the economic effect of the in-house proctoring system in comparison with other readymade solutions. Results. The research results showed that the MIPT’s in-house proctoring system is no less efficient than the most popular readymade systems used by the majority of universities in Russia and worldwide, yet the costs of developing and operating the university’s own system are significantly lower. Conclusion. The development of an in-house online proctoring system can increase the economic efficiency of universities in terms of international admission in the forthcoming years.
{"title":"The economic and organizational model of the international admission campaign during the COVID-19 pandemic (the case of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology)","authors":"A. Oykher","doi":"10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/recon.2021.7.3.015","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, universities all over the world had to deal with a major challenge – transition from face-to-face to online learning. It was necessary to make this transition without damaging the quality of education and the transparency of examinations, especially entrance examinations taken by international students. The number of the latter fell significantly because of the pandemic and the competition for overseas students became especially fierce. One of the optimal solutions to the problem of conducting entrance exams during the pandemic was the online proctoring system. Research objective. This research aims to assess the economic efficiency of the online proctoring system by looking at the case of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT). Data and methods. The article compares the most popular online proctoring systems on the market and used by universities in Russia and other country. Furthermore, it analyzes the results of the international admission campaign in 2020 and the economic effect of the in-house proctoring system in comparison with other readymade solutions. Results. The research results showed that the MIPT’s in-house proctoring system is no less efficient than the most popular readymade systems used by the majority of universities in Russia and worldwide, yet the costs of developing and operating the university’s own system are significantly lower. Conclusion. The development of an in-house online proctoring system can increase the economic efficiency of universities in terms of international admission in the forthcoming years.","PeriodicalId":33206,"journal":{"name":"REconomy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67262048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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