Thi Phuong Hoai Dinh, Ngoc Thanh Van Duong, Trong Hieu Le, Thi Mai Hung Tran, Dang Duong Pham, Vinh Phu Nguyen, T. Nguyen
Lumbar spondylolysis and multilevel lumbar spondylolysis account for 4.4-5.8% and 0.3% of the general population, and multilevel lumbar spondylolysis resulting in spondylolisthesis is even rarer. Herein, we report two cases of three-level lumbar spondylolisthesis because of spondylolysis: A 49-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for dull lower back pain over the past 8 months, with exacerbating symptoms when standing and walking. Spasticity at lumbar region and radiculopathy at S1 nerve root was found on examination and a 63-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of numbness and perianal sensory disturbances with difficulty urinating 2 weeks ago, the symptoms gradually increased to the time of examination. Both patients were diagnosed with multilevel lumbar spondylolisthesis because of spondylolysis and were indicated for posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF). After surgery, both patients recovered well without any significant complications. The improved treatment results suggest the application of PLIF technique to treat spondylolysis-induced multilevel lumbar spondylolisthesis.
{"title":"Spondylolysis-induced Multilevel Lumbar Spondylolisthesis; Challenges in Lumbar Spine Surgery","authors":"Thi Phuong Hoai Dinh, Ngoc Thanh Van Duong, Trong Hieu Le, Thi Mai Hung Tran, Dang Duong Pham, Vinh Phu Nguyen, T. Nguyen","doi":"10.34172/icnj.2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/icnj.2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"Lumbar spondylolysis and multilevel lumbar spondylolysis account for 4.4-5.8% and 0.3% of the general population, and multilevel lumbar spondylolysis resulting in spondylolisthesis is even rarer. Herein, we report two cases of three-level lumbar spondylolisthesis because of spondylolysis: A 49-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for dull lower back pain over the past 8 months, with exacerbating symptoms when standing and walking. Spasticity at lumbar region and radiculopathy at S1 nerve root was found on examination and a 63-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of numbness and perianal sensory disturbances with difficulty urinating 2 weeks ago, the symptoms gradually increased to the time of examination. Both patients were diagnosed with multilevel lumbar spondylolisthesis because of spondylolysis and were indicated for posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF). After surgery, both patients recovered well without any significant complications. The improved treatment results suggest the application of PLIF technique to treat spondylolysis-induced multilevel lumbar spondylolisthesis.","PeriodicalId":33222,"journal":{"name":"International Clinical Neuroscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46999173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sabeti, E. Moradi, M. Taghavi, M. Mohammadi, R. Boostani
Background: Psychiatrists diagnose schizophrenia based on clinical symptoms such as disordered thinking, delusions, hallucinations, and severe distortion of daily functions. However, some of these symptoms are common with other mental illnesses such as bipolar mood disorder. Therefore, quantitative assessment of schizophrenia by analyzing a physiological-based data such as the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is of interest. In this study, we analyze the spectrum and time-frequency distribution (TFD) of EEG signals to understand how schizophrenia affects these signals. Methods: In this regard, EEG signals of 20 patients with schizophrenia and 20 age-matched participants (control group) were investigated. Several features including spectral flux, spectral flatness, spectral entropy, time-frequency (TF)-flux, TF-flatness, and TF-entropy were extracted from the EEG signals. Results: Spectral flux (1.5388±0.0038 and 1.5497±0.0058 for the control and case groups, respectively, P=0.0000), spectral entropy (0.8526±0.0386 and 0.9018±0.0428 for the control and case groups, respectively, P=0.0004), spectral roll-off (0.3896±0.0434 and 0.4245±0.0410 for the control and case groups, respectively, P=0.0129), spectral flatness (0.1401±0.0063 and 0.1467±0.0077 for the control and case groups, respectively, P=0.0055), TF-flux (1.2675±0.1806 and 1.5284±0.2057 for the control and case groups, respectively, P=0.0001) and TF-flatness (0.9980±0.0000 and 0.9981±0.0000 for the control and case groups, respectively, P=0.0000) values in patients with schizophrenia were significantly greater than the control group in most EEG channels. This prominent irregularity may be caused by decreasing the synchronization of neurons in the frontal lobe. Conclusion: Spectral and time frequency distribution analysis of EEG signals can be used as quantitative indexes for neurodynamic investigation in schizophrenia.
{"title":"Time-Frequency Distribution Analysis for Electroencephalogram Signals of Patients With Schizophrenia and Normal Participants","authors":"M. Sabeti, E. Moradi, M. Taghavi, M. Mohammadi, R. Boostani","doi":"10.34172/icnj.2022.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/icnj.2022.11","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Psychiatrists diagnose schizophrenia based on clinical symptoms such as disordered thinking, delusions, hallucinations, and severe distortion of daily functions. However, some of these symptoms are common with other mental illnesses such as bipolar mood disorder. Therefore, quantitative assessment of schizophrenia by analyzing a physiological-based data such as the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is of interest. In this study, we analyze the spectrum and time-frequency distribution (TFD) of EEG signals to understand how schizophrenia affects these signals. Methods: In this regard, EEG signals of 20 patients with schizophrenia and 20 age-matched participants (control group) were investigated. Several features including spectral flux, spectral flatness, spectral entropy, time-frequency (TF)-flux, TF-flatness, and TF-entropy were extracted from the EEG signals. Results: Spectral flux (1.5388±0.0038 and 1.5497±0.0058 for the control and case groups, respectively, P=0.0000), spectral entropy (0.8526±0.0386 and 0.9018±0.0428 for the control and case groups, respectively, P=0.0004), spectral roll-off (0.3896±0.0434 and 0.4245±0.0410 for the control and case groups, respectively, P=0.0129), spectral flatness (0.1401±0.0063 and 0.1467±0.0077 for the control and case groups, respectively, P=0.0055), TF-flux (1.2675±0.1806 and 1.5284±0.2057 for the control and case groups, respectively, P=0.0001) and TF-flatness (0.9980±0.0000 and 0.9981±0.0000 for the control and case groups, respectively, P=0.0000) values in patients with schizophrenia were significantly greater than the control group in most EEG channels. This prominent irregularity may be caused by decreasing the synchronization of neurons in the frontal lobe. Conclusion: Spectral and time frequency distribution analysis of EEG signals can be used as quantitative indexes for neurodynamic investigation in schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":33222,"journal":{"name":"International Clinical Neuroscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47331876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is becoming a growing trend in the management of large vessel occlusion (LVO) during the past few decades, although data on the predictors of outcome following MT are scarce. We aimed to study the predictors of 90-day outcome in a cohort of patients with ischemic stroke with large-vessel occlusion. Methods: This was a three-month prospective study of 40 patients with anterior circulation LVO who underwent MT and were followed up for three months with modified Rankin Score (mRS). Results: Of the 40 patients recruited, 55% were men. M1 was the most common vessel occluded (32.5%) followed by internal carotid artery (ICA) and carotid trunk (20%). Tandem occlusion occurred in 25% of the cases. Among the demographic, clinical, radiological, and procedural variables studied, the factors that had a significant impact on the mRS at 3 months were age, diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia, stroke mechanism, blood glucose level during procedure, post-procedural National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), baseline Alberta stroke program early CT score (ASPECT) score, collaterals grade, and procedural thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) score (P<0.05). On multivariate regression, patients’ age (B: 0.025, 95% CI: 0.001- 0.049, P=0.038), post-procedural NIHSS (B: 0.192, 95% CI: 0.101–0.283, P<0.001), and baseline ASPECT score (B: -0.442, 95% CI: -0.838- -0.046, P=0.03) were the most independent factors to affect the mRS at 3 months. Conclusion: Patients’ age, baseline ASPECT score and post-procedural NIHSS are significant predictors of 90-day outcome of large-vessel occlusion following MT.
{"title":"Predictors of 90-Day Functional Outcome Following Direct Mechanical Thrombectomy for Anterior Circulation Large Vessel Occlusion: A Prospective Study","authors":"M. Anwar, Ossama Yassin, H. Eldeeb, Sameh M. Said","doi":"10.34172/icnj.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/icnj.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is becoming a growing trend in the management of large vessel occlusion (LVO) during the past few decades, although data on the predictors of outcome following MT are scarce. We aimed to study the predictors of 90-day outcome in a cohort of patients with ischemic stroke with large-vessel occlusion. Methods: This was a three-month prospective study of 40 patients with anterior circulation LVO who underwent MT and were followed up for three months with modified Rankin Score (mRS). Results: Of the 40 patients recruited, 55% were men. M1 was the most common vessel occluded (32.5%) followed by internal carotid artery (ICA) and carotid trunk (20%). Tandem occlusion occurred in 25% of the cases. Among the demographic, clinical, radiological, and procedural variables studied, the factors that had a significant impact on the mRS at 3 months were age, diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia, stroke mechanism, blood glucose level during procedure, post-procedural National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), baseline Alberta stroke program early CT score (ASPECT) score, collaterals grade, and procedural thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) score (P<0.05). On multivariate regression, patients’ age (B: 0.025, 95% CI: 0.001- 0.049, P=0.038), post-procedural NIHSS (B: 0.192, 95% CI: 0.101–0.283, P<0.001), and baseline ASPECT score (B: -0.442, 95% CI: -0.838- -0.046, P=0.03) were the most independent factors to affect the mRS at 3 months. Conclusion: Patients’ age, baseline ASPECT score and post-procedural NIHSS are significant predictors of 90-day outcome of large-vessel occlusion following MT.","PeriodicalId":33222,"journal":{"name":"International Clinical Neuroscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42448286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shahrzad Valizadeh, E. Saeedzadeh, A. Zali, H. Nedaei, Saeed Zare Ganjaroodi
Background: Stereotactic brachytherapy is an appropriate method that has been used for brain tumors and metastases treatment for more than 40 years for many patients in the world. Also, iodine-125 brachytherapy has been utilized in brain tumors for interstitial brachytherapy treatment since 1979. Even though the physical and biological features make these implants particularly attractive for minimal invasive treatment, the main goal of this paper is to evaluate the I-125 seed time and dose reached to brain glioma tumors of different sizes for treatment using Monte Carlo modeling. Methods: In this paper, Monte Carlo simulation has been applied by the Gate code with 20 (MBq) activity for an iodine seed design for low-grade glioma tumors treatment. Dosimetry features of this source were defined by the updated TG-43U1 recommendations. The absorbed dose distribution around the seed was calculated using the Gate code in liquid water. Result: The ideal condition for brachytherapy is for tumors smaller than 4 cm. With a larger tumor size, the absorption dose at the border of tumor and healthy tissue will be decreased and the implantation time for seeds will increase. Conclusion: Placing an iodine-125 source inside the tumor is not sufficient because of the non-uniform dose distribution in the tumor and the length of treatment time. Using four iodine-125 sources eliminates the tumor, and also, a uniform dose distribution is created in the tumor and the implantation time will be reduced, respectively.
{"title":"Stereotactic Iodine-125 Brachytherapy for Low-Grade Glioma Treatment: A Monte Carlo study","authors":"Shahrzad Valizadeh, E. Saeedzadeh, A. Zali, H. Nedaei, Saeed Zare Ganjaroodi","doi":"10.34172/icnj.2022.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/icnj.2022.09","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stereotactic brachytherapy is an appropriate method that has been used for brain tumors and metastases treatment for more than 40 years for many patients in the world. Also, iodine-125 brachytherapy has been utilized in brain tumors for interstitial brachytherapy treatment since 1979. Even though the physical and biological features make these implants particularly attractive for minimal invasive treatment, the main goal of this paper is to evaluate the I-125 seed time and dose reached to brain glioma tumors of different sizes for treatment using Monte Carlo modeling. Methods: In this paper, Monte Carlo simulation has been applied by the Gate code with 20 (MBq) activity for an iodine seed design for low-grade glioma tumors treatment. Dosimetry features of this source were defined by the updated TG-43U1 recommendations. The absorbed dose distribution around the seed was calculated using the Gate code in liquid water. Result: The ideal condition for brachytherapy is for tumors smaller than 4 cm. With a larger tumor size, the absorption dose at the border of tumor and healthy tissue will be decreased and the implantation time for seeds will increase. Conclusion: Placing an iodine-125 source inside the tumor is not sufficient because of the non-uniform dose distribution in the tumor and the length of treatment time. Using four iodine-125 sources eliminates the tumor, and also, a uniform dose distribution is created in the tumor and the implantation time will be reduced, respectively.","PeriodicalId":33222,"journal":{"name":"International Clinical Neuroscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48618694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Following the outbreak of COVID-19 disease, which is caused by the coronavirus, there were reports of neurological complications, indicating that virus infection may have risks involving the nervous system. Stroke, encephalopathy, moderate to severe headaches, anosmia and dysgeusia, hallucination, and depression were the most neurological complications reported. The most important neurological complication of COVID-19 is anosmia, which is caused by the infection of the olfactory support cells. Hallucination and depression have been observed in those admitted to the intensive care unit, which is primarily related to general inflammatory reactions. Although brain autopsies of people who have died because of COVID-19 have shown that the virus can be detected in brain tissue. Studies indicate that viral infection has only been detected in the vascular part of the blood-brain-barrier. Perhaps the most critical finding of coronavirus infection in the brain is the activation of astrocytes and microglia in patients with COVID-19, which dilates the cerebral arteries in the brainstem, allows killer T cells to enter brain tissue, and causes cytotoxic effects in this part of the brain. This review focused on the neurological complications associated with COVID-19 and the possible mechanisms underlying these complications.
{"title":"Neurological Complications of Corona Virus: A Mini-Review","authors":"M. Sahraei, H. Sahraei","doi":"10.34172/icnj.2022.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/icnj.2022.08","url":null,"abstract":"Following the outbreak of COVID-19 disease, which is caused by the coronavirus, there were reports of neurological complications, indicating that virus infection may have risks involving the nervous system. Stroke, encephalopathy, moderate to severe headaches, anosmia and dysgeusia, hallucination, and depression were the most neurological complications reported. The most important neurological complication of COVID-19 is anosmia, which is caused by the infection of the olfactory support cells. Hallucination and depression have been observed in those admitted to the intensive care unit, which is primarily related to general inflammatory reactions. Although brain autopsies of people who have died because of COVID-19 have shown that the virus can be detected in brain tissue. Studies indicate that viral infection has only been detected in the vascular part of the blood-brain-barrier. Perhaps the most critical finding of coronavirus infection in the brain is the activation of astrocytes and microglia in patients with COVID-19, which dilates the cerebral arteries in the brainstem, allows killer T cells to enter brain tissue, and causes cytotoxic effects in this part of the brain. This review focused on the neurological complications associated with COVID-19 and the possible mechanisms underlying these complications.","PeriodicalId":33222,"journal":{"name":"International Clinical Neuroscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42632617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saeideh Salehizadeh, Negar Bizhani, Zahra Arab-Mazar, Sara Rahmati Roodsari
In recent years, the world has witnessed the emergence of dangerous respiratory diseases with coronaviruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) by the SARS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) by the MERS-CoV, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the SARS-CoV-2. The disease now affects most countries in the world. Coronavirus is generally known to cause respiratory disease, but clinical and experimental studies show that this disorder affects several organs including the central nervous system (CNS).1-3 The CNS effects of COVID-19 are not well-known owing to being an emerging phenomenon, however, it is worth understanding. The virus enters the cells of the human body using the cellular receptor angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2). In a normal condition, this receptor is expressed in very small amounts in the CNS. The virus can be transmitted to the CNS through systemic circulation or across the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone in the early and secondary stages of COVID-19 infection. Broad spectrum of neurological manifestations such as ageusia, anosmia, headache, sensory disturbances and epilepsy have been observed in some patients. Anosmia and ageusia are common, and can occur in the absence of other clinical features. Unexpectedly, acute cerebrovascular disease due to hyper coagulation state is also emerging as an important complication. Altered level of consciousness and encephalitis are other presentations in patients with COVID-19.4,5 Almost all the articles reviewed focused on macro-and microscopic changes in the lungs, and only a handful of information from other organs and systemic findings were presented. Comprehensive study after autopsy in the brain is very important and more research needs to be done.6-9 A better understanding of the function of coronavirus in the CNS and accurate identification of the damage can help in treatment planning and prognosis of the disease.10,11 In addition, hypoxia may occur in the CNS (hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy) due to respiratory failure. Thrombotic microangiopathy can also occur.12 Hence, it is of paramount importance that in the early and uncomplicated stages of coronavirus infection, the patient’s CNS be examined. There is still insufficient information to provide a complete picture of the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Careful clinical, diagnostic, and epidemiological studies are needed to help define the manifestations and burden of neurological disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Precise case definitions must be used to distinguish nonspecific complications of severe disease (e.g. hypoxic encephalopathy and critical care neuropathy).4 In light of the above mentioned, further studies on patients with progressive or worsening CNS findings should be performed more carefully to make the undiscovered effects of this virus on the CNS clearer to the world. So far, we have mentioned CNS involvement in general and now we aim to give a brief summary of studi
{"title":"Headache as a Significant Central Nervous System Manifestation of COVID-19 Infection","authors":"Saeideh Salehizadeh, Negar Bizhani, Zahra Arab-Mazar, Sara Rahmati Roodsari","doi":"10.34172/icnj.2022.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/icnj.2022.07","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the world has witnessed the emergence of dangerous respiratory diseases with coronaviruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) by the SARS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) by the MERS-CoV, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the SARS-CoV-2. The disease now affects most countries in the world. Coronavirus is generally known to cause respiratory disease, but clinical and experimental studies show that this disorder affects several organs including the central nervous system (CNS).1-3 The CNS effects of COVID-19 are not well-known owing to being an emerging phenomenon, however, it is worth understanding. The virus enters the cells of the human body using the cellular receptor angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2). In a normal condition, this receptor is expressed in very small amounts in the CNS. The virus can be transmitted to the CNS through systemic circulation or across the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone in the early and secondary stages of COVID-19 infection. Broad spectrum of neurological manifestations such as ageusia, anosmia, headache, sensory disturbances and epilepsy have been observed in some patients. Anosmia and ageusia are common, and can occur in the absence of other clinical features. Unexpectedly, acute cerebrovascular disease due to hyper coagulation state is also emerging as an important complication. Altered level of consciousness and encephalitis are other presentations in patients with COVID-19.4,5 Almost all the articles reviewed focused on macro-and microscopic changes in the lungs, and only a handful of information from other organs and systemic findings were presented. Comprehensive study after autopsy in the brain is very important and more research needs to be done.6-9 A better understanding of the function of coronavirus in the CNS and accurate identification of the damage can help in treatment planning and prognosis of the disease.10,11 In addition, hypoxia may occur in the CNS (hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy) due to respiratory failure. Thrombotic microangiopathy can also occur.12 Hence, it is of paramount importance that in the early and uncomplicated stages of coronavirus infection, the patient’s CNS be examined. There is still insufficient information to provide a complete picture of the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Careful clinical, diagnostic, and epidemiological studies are needed to help define the manifestations and burden of neurological disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Precise case definitions must be used to distinguish nonspecific complications of severe disease (e.g. hypoxic encephalopathy and critical care neuropathy).4 In light of the above mentioned, further studies on patients with progressive or worsening CNS findings should be performed more carefully to make the undiscovered effects of this virus on the CNS clearer to the world. So far, we have mentioned CNS involvement in general and now we aim to give a brief summary of studi","PeriodicalId":33222,"journal":{"name":"International Clinical Neuroscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48310591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Hatam, M. Mokhtari, Sayedali Ahmadi, E. Bahrami, M. Mirsalehi, S. Mohebbi, M. Abolmaali
Vestibular schwannoma is a benign and common slow-growing tumor that develops on the vestibular divisions of cranial nerve VIII. Some risk factors may enhance intratumoral hemorrhage risk which leads to tumor management to early surgical procedures. Hence, we describe a 57-year-old man presented with hearing loss and a 5*8 mm vestibular schwannoma. Eight months later, the patient was referred with headache, nausea and vomiting, right hemifacial paresis, and hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 45*35 mm hemorrhagic vestibular schwannoma. Surgical pathology reported hemorrhagic vestibular schwannoma. This was a rare case of hemorrhagic vestibular schwannoma with none of the established risk factors for the intratumoral hemorrhage and presented with Wallenberg-like syndrome. Many risk factors can cause hemorrhagic vestibular schwannoma. We present one case of small vestibular schwannoma without any predisposing of hemorrhage and acute onset of same side hemifacial paresis and hemiparesis.
{"title":"Acute Hemifacial And Hemiparesis Caused By Hemorrhagic Vestibular Schwannoma; A Case Report","authors":"J. Hatam, M. Mokhtari, Sayedali Ahmadi, E. Bahrami, M. Mirsalehi, S. Mohebbi, M. Abolmaali","doi":"10.34172/icnj.2022.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/icnj.2022.06","url":null,"abstract":"Vestibular schwannoma is a benign and common slow-growing tumor that develops on the vestibular divisions of cranial nerve VIII. Some risk factors may enhance intratumoral hemorrhage risk which leads to tumor management to early surgical procedures. Hence, we describe a 57-year-old man presented with hearing loss and a 5*8 mm vestibular schwannoma. Eight months later, the patient was referred with headache, nausea and vomiting, right hemifacial paresis, and hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a 45*35 mm hemorrhagic vestibular schwannoma. Surgical pathology reported hemorrhagic vestibular schwannoma. This was a rare case of hemorrhagic vestibular schwannoma with none of the established risk factors for the intratumoral hemorrhage and presented with Wallenberg-like syndrome. Many risk factors can cause hemorrhagic vestibular schwannoma. We present one case of small vestibular schwannoma without any predisposing of hemorrhage and acute onset of same side hemifacial paresis and hemiparesis.","PeriodicalId":33222,"journal":{"name":"International Clinical Neuroscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45244001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nandana Welage, M. Bissett, K. Fong, P. Fahey, K. Coxon, Karen P. Y. Liu
The effectiveness of action observation (AO) and motor imagery (MI) in high-quality studies with less risk of bias is rarely reported together. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of AO and MI on improving upper extremity function among people after stroke by combining evidence of studies with high methodological quality. Randomised controlled trials, with a score of 6 or above in the PEDro Scale, that examined the effects of AO or MI for people with stroke were selected. A narrative analysis and meta-analysis were conducted using the PRISMA guidelines. Ten randomised controlled trials from 11 articles met the inclusion criteria. The results of meta-analysis showed that AO had a small to moderate statistically significant effect on improving upper extremity motor function (standardized mean difference, SMD=0.34; confidence interval, CI=0.08, 0.59; P=0.35; I 2=0.00%) and no significant effect on MI (SMD=0.08; CI=-0.26, 0.42; P=0.65; I2=0.00%) when compared with the control intervention. Evidence was found in support of AO and it is recommended for people with acute or sub-acute stroke.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Action Observation and Motor Imagery on Relearning Upper Extremity Function After Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Nandana Welage, M. Bissett, K. Fong, P. Fahey, K. Coxon, Karen P. Y. Liu","doi":"10.34172/icnj.2022.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/icnj.2022.05","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of action observation (AO) and motor imagery (MI) in high-quality studies with less risk of bias is rarely reported together. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of AO and MI on improving upper extremity function among people after stroke by combining evidence of studies with high methodological quality. Randomised controlled trials, with a score of 6 or above in the PEDro Scale, that examined the effects of AO or MI for people with stroke were selected. A narrative analysis and meta-analysis were conducted using the PRISMA guidelines. Ten randomised controlled trials from 11 articles met the inclusion criteria. The results of meta-analysis showed that AO had a small to moderate statistically significant effect on improving upper extremity motor function (standardized mean difference, SMD=0.34; confidence interval, CI=0.08, 0.59; P=0.35; I 2=0.00%) and no significant effect on MI (SMD=0.08; CI=-0.26, 0.42; P=0.65; I2=0.00%) when compared with the control intervention. Evidence was found in support of AO and it is recommended for people with acute or sub-acute stroke.","PeriodicalId":33222,"journal":{"name":"International Clinical Neuroscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44272014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: In this study, three detecting approaches have been proposed and evaluated for online detection of balance situations during quiet standing. The applied methods were based on electromyography of the gastrocnemius muscles adopting the hidden Markov models. Methods: The levels of postural stability during quiet standing were regarded as the hidden states of the Markov models while the zones in which the center of pressure lies within determines the level of stability. The Markov models were trained by using the well-known Baum-Welch algorithm. The performance of a single hidden Markov model, the multiple hidden Markov model, and the multiple hidden Markov model alongside an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), were compared as three different detecting methods. Results: The obtained results show the better and more promising performance of the method designed based on a combination of the hidden Markov models and optimized neuro-fuzzy system. Conclusion: According to the results, using the combined detecting method yielded promising results.
{"title":"A Hidden Markov Model Based Detecting Solution for Detecting the Situation of Balance During Unsupported Standing Using the Electromyography of Ankle Muscles","authors":"Rashin Abdolhossein Harisi, H. Kobravi","doi":"10.34172/icnj.2022.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/icnj.2022.03","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In this study, three detecting approaches have been proposed and evaluated for online detection of balance situations during quiet standing. The applied methods were based on electromyography of the gastrocnemius muscles adopting the hidden Markov models. Methods: The levels of postural stability during quiet standing were regarded as the hidden states of the Markov models while the zones in which the center of pressure lies within determines the level of stability. The Markov models were trained by using the well-known Baum-Welch algorithm. The performance of a single hidden Markov model, the multiple hidden Markov model, and the multiple hidden Markov model alongside an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), were compared as three different detecting methods. Results: The obtained results show the better and more promising performance of the method designed based on a combination of the hidden Markov models and optimized neuro-fuzzy system. Conclusion: According to the results, using the combined detecting method yielded promising results.","PeriodicalId":33222,"journal":{"name":"International Clinical Neuroscience Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44616280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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