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CULTURAL EQUIPMENT OF THE CRIMINAL LAW DOCTRINE: THE NEED AND THE MAIN PARAMETERS 刑法学说的文化装备:需要与主要参数
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.22394/2074-7306-2023-1-2-135-142
Бойко Александр Иванович
One of the main features of criminal law has long been recognized as its increased coercive force in comparison with other branches of jurisprudence, which makes it necessary to gradually limit this property to a socially tolerant level. The article presents arguments in favor of a qualified study of the cultural foundations of criminal responsibility and highlights two main directions of spiritual rehabilitation of our knowledge and practices of their application – which products of creative creativity of an ethnic group should be protected by criminal legal measures and which cultural requirements of an ethnic group should meet the criminal law itself.
刑法的一个主要特征长期以来一直被认为是,与其他法学分支相比,它的强制力增加了,这使得有必要逐步将这一财产限制在社会容忍的水平上。这篇文章提出了有利于对刑事责任的文化基础进行合格研究的论点,并强调了我们对其应用的知识和实践进行精神康复的两个主要方向——一个民族的创造性创造的哪些产品应该受到刑事法律措施的保护,一个民族应该受到哪些文化要求的保护符合刑法本身。
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引用次数: 0
TLHUKOTLI-PSHITLI IN THE CLASS STRUCTURE OF THE CIRCASSIAN SOCIETY 切尔克斯社会阶级结构中的Tlhukotli-pshitli
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.22394/2074-7306-2023-1-2-42-47
Озова Фатима Анатольевна
The dependence of various groups of the enslaved population of feudal Circassia had a significant gradation. The article analyzes the Circassian historical terms related to the estate of tlhukotli-pshitli (beslen-pshitl / pshi-una-ogg, ogg, lagunapyt, laguna-pshi, unaut), their correspondence to Russian historical terms peasant, serf, serf is revealed. The legal status of various categories of Tlhukotl-Pshitli is characterized on the basis of the analysis of the norms of Adyghe Khabze, their characteristics are given from the point of view of belonging to various categories of Pshi-Works, Azat and Ogg. The effect of the norms of Adyghe Khabze in relation to Tlhukotl-Pshitl is illustrated by information from narrative sources.
封建切尔克斯奴役人口中各群体的依赖程度有显著的等级。本文分析了切尔克斯语中与特鲁科利-普什特利阶层相关的历史名词(besleni -pshitl / pshii -una-ogg、ogg、lagunapyt、laguna-pshi、unaut),揭示了它们与俄语历史名词“农民”、“农奴”、“农奴”的对应关系。在分析阿得格河哈布兹规范的基础上,对特鲁科特-普什特利诸类的法律地位进行了界定,并从分属普什-工场、阿扎特和奥格诸类的角度给出了其特征。Adyghe Khabze的规范对Tlhukotl-Pshitl的影响由叙述来源的信息说明。
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引用次数: 0
LEGAL PANDEMIC (ABOUT EXCESSIVE LEGALIZING OF THE HOSTEL AND OBLIVION OF OTHER REGULATORY SYSTEMS) 法律流行病(关于旅馆过度合法化和其他监管系统被遗忘)
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.22394/2074-7306-2023-1-2-17-31
Бойко Александр Иванович
Russia, like most countries of the world, is going through a difficult painful period of its development, accompanied by attempts by the state to normalize most areas of life of citizens, business and management. Taking into account official calculations of the number of regulations simultaneously in force in the country and reports of the lower house of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation on monographic laws and amendments adopted by it annually, it follows that about 100 million legal rules are addressed to Russians. With so many prescriptions, the most qualified caste of lawyers and the administrative apparatus of any state will not cope properly. A huge regulatory array generates the need for a burdensome number of officials for the budget, intersectoral collisions and selective application of legal norms, corruption, distraction of the population from material and spiritual production, social nervousness. The negative consequences of excessive in terms of the volume of accepted and the speed of updating of existing regulations of the legal system of society have been noticed and evaluated in science. The main drawback of lawmaking has been called «legislative inflation», understood as a steady increase in regulatory arrays and their permanent novelization. Hence, domestic lawyers concentrated mainly on technological claims to the parliament and attempts to provide it with appropriate methodological assistance. The article also attempts to develop the problem. Relying on economic and medical knowledge, doctrinal views of Russian and foreign scientists, it is shown that excessive legal regulation has reached the threshold of a pandemic and evidence of this is given: it covers not only parliamentary, but also law enforcement activities; the private-property virus of this negative state is identified and characterized; the legal pandemic is linked to privatization, property inequality, atomization of the population and his moral anemia; methods of gradual, balanced displacement of legal rules by moral imperatives, religious teachings, the experience of the older generation, rituals and traditions, examples of asceticism and heroism from the history of ethnic groups, sayings and proverbs are proposed. As a result, it is stated that in critical periods of evolution, even the «consumer» society becomes aware of the truth – intangible assets are no less important than property well-being and a well-ordered life for the arrangement of a peaceful productive life of the people.
与世界上大多数国家一样,俄罗斯正在经历一个艰难而痛苦的发展时期,与此同时,国家试图使公民、商业和管理的大部分领域正常化。考虑到对该国同时生效的法规数量的官方计算,以及俄罗斯联邦联邦议会下院关于其每年通过的专题法律和修正案的报告,可以得出,大约有1亿条法律规则是针对俄罗斯人的。有这么多处方,最合格的律师阶层和任何国家的行政机构都无法妥善应对。庞大的监管体系导致了对大量官员的预算需求、部门间的冲突和法律规范的选择性应用、腐败、民众对物质和精神生产的分心、社会紧张。科学界已经注意到并评估了社会法律体系现有法规在接受量和更新速度方面的过度负面后果。立法的主要缺点被称为“立法通货膨胀”,被理解为监管阵列的稳步增加及其永久性的创新。因此,国内律师主要关注向议会提出的技术索赔,并试图向议会提供适当的方法援助。文章还试图对这一问题进行进一步的探讨。根据经济和医学知识以及俄罗斯和外国科学家的学说观点,表明过度的法律监管已经达到了流行病的门槛,并提供了证据:它不仅涵盖议会活动,还涵盖执法活动;这种阴性状态的私有财产病毒被识别和表征;法律流行病与私有化、财产不平等、人口原子化和他的道德贫血症有关;提出了通过道德要求、宗教教义、老一辈的经验、仪式和传统、民族历史上的禁欲主义和英雄主义的例子、谚语和谚语来逐步平衡地取代法律规则的方法。因此,有人指出,在进化的关键时期,即使是“消费者”社会也会意识到这一事实——无形资产的重要性不亚于财产福利和有序的生活,以安排人民的和平生产生活。
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引用次数: 0
PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LEGAL STATUSES OF A SPOUSE AND A MEMBER OF A LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY 配偶和有限责任公司成员的法律地位之间关系的问题方面
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.22394/2074-7306-2023-1-2-95-102
Зубарева Ольга Григорьевна, Крупнова Александра Леонидовна
The article is devoted to the analysis of responsibility for the legal status of spouses and the existence of a limited liability company. To date, questions have been raised about the relationship between the norms of family and corporate law on the choice of the procedure for using and distributing shares as property owned by spouses on the other hand. The authors, analyzing judicial practice, come to the emergence of an unusual nature of the application of legal statuses depending on the underlying legal relationship.
本文着重分析了有限责任公司的存在与配偶法律地位的关系。迄今为止,人们提出了关于家庭法和公司法规范之间的关系的问题,这些规范是关于作为配偶拥有的财产使用和分配股份的程序的选择。笔者通过对司法实践的分析,得出了基于基础法律关系的法律地位适用的特殊性。
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引用次数: 0
REFLECTION OF CRIMINAL LAW IN LITERATURE AND ART 刑法在文艺中的反思
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.22394/2074-7306-2023-1-2-143-148
Корецкий Данил Аркадьевич
The development of the technical capabilities of the media to expand the audience, combined with an increase in the share of action-packed literature, films and TV series, raised the question of the nature of the impact of this cultural product on public consciousness. What is primary and what is secondary – the fight against crime in fiction or the same process in real life? Despite the seemingly obvious answer, there is no consensus on this issue. The attempts made by individual dissertators to achieve certainty in the above dilemma give interesting results, but such studies are isolated. Therefore, a purposeful and thorough study of action-packed works and the process of their impact on public consciousness seems relevant.
传播媒介扩大受众的技术能力的发展,加上动作丰富的文学、电影和电视连续剧所占份额的增加,提出了这种文化产品对公众意识影响的性质的问题。什么是主要的,什么是次要的——小说中的打击犯罪还是现实生活中的同样过程?尽管答案似乎显而易见,但在这个问题上没有达成共识。个别论文作者试图在上述困境中获得确定性的尝试给出了有趣的结果,但这些研究是孤立的。因此,对动感十足的作品及其对公众意识的影响过程进行有目的和深入的研究似乎是相关的。
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引用次数: 0
LEGAL REGULATION OF CHANGES AND TERMINATION OF A SMART CONTRACT UNDER THE LEGISLATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 俄罗斯联邦法律对智能合约变更和终止的法律规制
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.22394/2074-7306-2023-1-2-85-94
Шатковская Татьяна Владимировна, Евстафьева Алина Александровна
The article is aimed at developing practical recommendations for overcoming the problems of changing and terminating smart contracts due to gaps in their legislative regulation. The authors analyze the possibility of applying the general provisions for changing and terminating the contract, enshrined in Chapter 29 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, to a smart contract. The article proposes legal mechanisms for changing and terminating a smart contract. The authors conclude that now, when changing and terminating a smart contract, it is not enough to rely on the general provisions of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, there is an urgent need to solve this problem both through legislative changes and by developing practical mechanisms for implementing existing grounds and methods.
这篇文章旨在制定切实可行的建议,以克服由于立法法规存在漏洞而导致的更改和终止智能合约的问题。作者分析了将《俄罗斯联邦民法典》第29章中关于变更和终止合同的一般规定适用于智能合同的可能性。文章提出了改变和终止智能合约的法律机制。作者得出的结论是,现在,在改变和终止智能合同时,仅仅依靠《俄罗斯联邦民法典》的一般条款是不够的,迫切需要通过立法改革和制定实施现有理由和方法的实际机制来解决这个问题。
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引用次数: 0
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN THE USE OF CONCILIATION PROCEDURES IN THE ARBITRATION PROCESS: PROSPECTS OF APPLICATION IN RUSSIA 国外在仲裁过程中使用调解程序的经验:在俄罗斯的应用前景
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.22394/2074-7306-2023-1-2-68-74
Бухарова Ирина Викторовна
The article examines the legislation of foreign countries on the reconciliation procedure, namely the provisions regulating the work of conciliation procedures that are not represented in Russian legislation. The author identifies possible problems of applying the conciliation procedures discussed in the article on the territory of the Russian Federation. The relevance of the work lies in the high importance of the institution of reconciliation as a way of settling a legal dispute. Conciliation procedures are now important in resolving conflicts between the parties to the dispute, as well as in increasing citizens' confidence in the court and the judicial system as a whole. The purpose of the study is to analyze the provisions of the legislation of foreign countries on conciliation procedures in the arbitration process and to identify the possibility of using previously unknown to Russian legislation conciliation procedures. The subject of the study is the norms of the procedural legislation of the French Republic, the Norwegian Law on Arbitration, as well as the legislation of the United States of America on conciliation procedures. By analyzing the norms of the current foreign legislation and doctrine, the author substantiates the practical impossibility of applying the conciliation procedures presented in the article. This conclusion is made on the basis of an analysis of the provisions of the arbitration procedural law of Russia regulating reconciliation issues. The author notes that the current state of the institute of reconciliation in Russia simply will not be able to properly settle the issues of a new type of conciliation procedure.
本文考察了国外关于调解程序的立法,即在俄罗斯立法中没有体现的关于调解程序工作的规定。发件人指出在俄罗斯联邦领土上适用该条所讨论的调解程序可能存在的问题。这项工作的相关性在于和解制度作为解决法律争端的一种方式的高度重要性。调解程序现在对于解决争端各方之间的冲突,以及增加公民对法院和整个司法系统的信心都是重要的。本研究的目的是分析外国关于仲裁程序中调解程序的立法规定,并确定是否可能使用俄罗斯立法以前不知道的调解程序。这项研究的主题是法兰西共和国程序法的规范、挪威仲裁法以及美利坚合众国关于调解程序的立法。通过对国外现行立法和理论规范的分析,论证了本文所述的调解程序在现实中不可能适用。这一结论是在分析俄罗斯仲裁程序法对和解问题的规定的基础上得出的。发件人指出,俄罗斯调解机构的现状根本无法妥善解决一种新型调解程序的问题。
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引用次数: 0
LEGAL REALISM AS AN ONGOING NORMATIVE COMMUNICATION OF PEOPLE AND A KIND OF LEGAL THINKING. REFLECTIONS ON LEGAL REALITY 法律现实主义是一种持续不断的规范性交往,是一种法律思维。对法律现实的思考
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.22394/2074-7306-2023-1-2-7-16
Шапсугов Дамир Юсуфович
The article deals with the generalized concept of legal realism as the normative communication of people being carried out through the variety of normative systems used by them and a kind of legal thinking, understood as summing up practical phenomena under a legal norm, which is one of the variants of the rational understanding of law, not ascending to the comprehension of its essence, stopping at the direct perception of visible normative communication of people as a valid law, the process of formation of which in this case remains unknown. The substantiation of the transition from the positivist interpretation of the concept of legal realism to the philosophical-legal one, made in the doctrine of law by G. Hegel and R. Iering, is given.
本文论述了法律现实主义的广义概念,即人们通过使用的各种规范体系和一种法律思维进行的规范性交流,被理解为总结法律规范下的实践现象,这是对法律理性理解的变体之一,而不是对其本质的理解,停留在人们对可见的规范性沟通作为有效法律的直接感知上,在这种情况下,其形成过程仍然未知。对黑格尔和伊林在法律学说中对法律现实主义概念的实证主义解释向哲学法律现实主义的转变进行了实证。
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引用次数: 0
DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE ACTIVITIES OF JUVENILE AFFAIRS UNITS 关于加强少年工作单位工作的指示
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.22394/2074-7306-2023-1-2-80-84
Шумский Виктор Васильевич, Ткаченко Владимир Васильевич
The article analyzes the current legislation in the field of prevention of juvenile delinquency, discusses the tasks of the Department of Internal Affairs for the prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency. The main indicators of the protection of minors are: reduction of mortality and injuries, ensuring the interests of children in all spheres of life, education of a harmoniously developed and socially responsible personality based on spiritual and moral Russian values. The positive and negative aspects of the activity are revealed, the problems of the implementation of the current legislation by the juvenile affairs units are identified, which include: insufficient organizational and staff support of the juvenile affairs units of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia; problems related to the fact that the administrative responsibility of minors comes from a certain age; the refusal of parents from the procedure of medical examination of minors as a way to avoiding responsibility.
本文分析了我国预防未成年人犯罪领域的立法现状,探讨了内务部预防疏忽和预防未成年人犯罪的任务。保护未成年人的主要指标是:减少死亡和伤害,确保儿童在生活各方面的利益,教育他们在俄罗斯精神和道德价值观的基础上和谐发展和对社会负责的人格。揭示了该活动的积极和消极方面,确定了少年事务单位执行现行立法的问题,其中包括:俄罗斯内务部领土机构少年事务单位的组织和工作人员支持不足;未成年人行政责任从一定年龄开始的问题;父母拒绝对未成年人进行体检,以逃避责任。
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引用次数: 0
THE RIGHT TO HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE: CONSTITUTIONAL BASIS OF LEGAL REGULATION IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES 健康和保健权:外国法律规制的宪法基础
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.22394/2074-7306-2023-1-1-75-80
Симкина Ирина Владимировна
The article is devoted to research on the constitutional basis of legal regulation of the right to health and health care in foreign countries of Europe, Asia, South and North America based on the analysis of the constitutions of foreign states has been conducted. The Russian doctrine and foreign experience regarding the methodology and content of the relevant legal impact in the field of healthcare are included. Subjective competencies in the field of health care are investigated, the same standards that have received constitutional recognition in most foreign countries are identified.
本文在对欧洲、亚洲、南美和北美各国宪法进行分析的基础上,致力于研究欧洲、亚洲、南美和北美各国对健康和保健权进行法律规制的宪法基础。其中包括关于保健领域相关法律影响的方法和内容的俄罗斯学说和外国经验。对保健领域的主观能力进行了调查,确定了在大多数外国获得宪法承认的相同标准。
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引用次数: 0
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SeveroKavkazskii iuridicheskii vestnik
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