Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613254
Cuauhtémoc R. Aguilera-Galicia, O. Longoria-Gandara, Oscar A. Guzman-Ramos, L. Pizano-Escalante, J. V. Castillo
In different matrix-decomposition techniques for wireless-communication systems, the reciprocal square root (RSR) is a fundamental and recurrent operation, as well in gaming and signal processing systems computation of the RSR is required. Most reported RSR architectures are focused on accelerating high-precision floating-point (FP) units. The IEEE 754–2008 half-precision FP standard offers larger dynamic range than fixed-point systems, fewer hardware resources than single-precision FP and enough precision for some applications. This article reports the FPGA implementation of a low-latency, half-precision floating-point RSR unit. The implementation results show that the proposed design exhibits lower latency and better throughput than Intel and Xilinx RSR IP cores.
{"title":"IEEE-754 Half-Precision Floating-Point Low-Latency Reciprocal Square Root IP-Core","authors":"Cuauhtémoc R. Aguilera-Galicia, O. Longoria-Gandara, Oscar A. Guzman-Ramos, L. Pizano-Escalante, J. V. Castillo","doi":"10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613254","url":null,"abstract":"In different matrix-decomposition techniques for wireless-communication systems, the reciprocal square root (RSR) is a fundamental and recurrent operation, as well in gaming and signal processing systems computation of the RSR is required. Most reported RSR architectures are focused on accelerating high-precision floating-point (FP) units. The IEEE 754–2008 half-precision FP standard offers larger dynamic range than fixed-point systems, fewer hardware resources than single-precision FP and enough precision for some applications. This article reports the FPGA implementation of a low-latency, half-precision floating-point RSR unit. The implementation results show that the proposed design exhibits lower latency and better throughput than Intel and Xilinx RSR IP cores.","PeriodicalId":332646,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 10th Latin-American Conference on Communications (LATINCOM)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126249094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613211
David A. Arista Ramirez, M. Cardenas-Juarez, Ulises Pineda Rico, A. Arce, E. Stevens-Navarro
Spectrum measurements are a key part in the development of future spectrum management techniques for the forthcoming Smart Spectrum approach, which looks for the realization of a more sustainable usage of the spectrum for the future wireless world. This paper presents the results of a spectrum measurement campaign evaluating the complete sub 6 GHz band in three different points in the City of San Luis Potosi, Mexico. A robust spectrum measurements platform is implemented and the spectrum occupancy is analyzed in the frequency and time domains. Results show that the spectrum utilization in terms of the average duty cycle of the entire sub-6 G Hz is of 4.73 %. Additionally, in this work, a heavy and intense spectrum usage scenario is considered for comparison purposes.
{"title":"Spectrum Occupancy Measurements in the Sub-6 GHz Band for Smart Spectrum Applications","authors":"David A. Arista Ramirez, M. Cardenas-Juarez, Ulises Pineda Rico, A. Arce, E. Stevens-Navarro","doi":"10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613211","url":null,"abstract":"Spectrum measurements are a key part in the development of future spectrum management techniques for the forthcoming Smart Spectrum approach, which looks for the realization of a more sustainable usage of the spectrum for the future wireless world. This paper presents the results of a spectrum measurement campaign evaluating the complete sub 6 GHz band in three different points in the City of San Luis Potosi, Mexico. A robust spectrum measurements platform is implemented and the spectrum occupancy is analyzed in the frequency and time domains. Results show that the spectrum utilization in terms of the average duty cycle of the entire sub-6 G Hz is of 4.73 %. Additionally, in this work, a heavy and intense spectrum usage scenario is considered for comparison purposes.","PeriodicalId":332646,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 10th Latin-American Conference on Communications (LATINCOM)","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131852033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613247
W. Lobato, Joahannes Costa, D. Rosário, E. Cerqueira, L. Villas
A platoon of vehicles is composed of vehicles moving at a fixed distance and speed, this offers to the driver a comfortable car trip and release him from the stressful driving task. In addition, platooning schemes could also be used to improve the delivery of videos about entertainment, such as movies and news, to increase the user experience. However, such platoon-based services require an efficient Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V)communications via Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC)and Visible Light Communication (VLC). This paper presents a comparative simulation study to evaluate the quality level of videos transmitted via DSRC and VLC in a platoon-based driving scenario. The simulation results show the benefits of VLC in delivering videos with Quality of Experience (QoE)30 % better compared to DSRC, in scenarios with a different number of hops between the source and destination, as well as videos with different characteristics.
{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of DSRC and VLC for Video Dissemination in Platoon of Vehicles","authors":"W. Lobato, Joahannes Costa, D. Rosário, E. Cerqueira, L. Villas","doi":"10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613247","url":null,"abstract":"A platoon of vehicles is composed of vehicles moving at a fixed distance and speed, this offers to the driver a comfortable car trip and release him from the stressful driving task. In addition, platooning schemes could also be used to improve the delivery of videos about entertainment, such as movies and news, to increase the user experience. However, such platoon-based services require an efficient Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V)communications via Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC)and Visible Light Communication (VLC). This paper presents a comparative simulation study to evaluate the quality level of videos transmitted via DSRC and VLC in a platoon-based driving scenario. The simulation results show the benefits of VLC in delivering videos with Quality of Experience (QoE)30 % better compared to DSRC, in scenarios with a different number of hops between the source and destination, as well as videos with different characteristics.","PeriodicalId":332646,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 10th Latin-American Conference on Communications (LATINCOM)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132782049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613224
R. Hicheri, M. Pätzold, N. Youssef
Accurate estimation of the time-variant (TV) velocity, i.e., TV speed and TV direction of motion, of walking persons in indoor environment is of great importance in a variety of wireless indoor applications. This paper presents a novel method for estimating the velocity of a walking person in three-dimensional indoor environments, which are assumed to be equipped with a distributed 3 × 3 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. The approach estimates the TV speed, TV vertical angle-of-motion (VAOM), and TV horizontal angle-of-motion (HAOM) by fitting the spectrogram of the complex channel gain of a non-stationary indoor channel model to the spectrogram obtained from the received radio signals. The validity of the estimation algorithm has been confirmed by comparing the estimated parameters of interest with their corresponding exact values, known from generated test signals.
{"title":"Estimation of the Velocity of a Walking Person in Non-Stationary Indoor Environments from the Received RF Signal","authors":"R. Hicheri, M. Pätzold, N. Youssef","doi":"10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613224","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate estimation of the time-variant (TV) velocity, i.e., TV speed and TV direction of motion, of walking persons in indoor environment is of great importance in a variety of wireless indoor applications. This paper presents a novel method for estimating the velocity of a walking person in three-dimensional indoor environments, which are assumed to be equipped with a distributed 3 × 3 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. The approach estimates the TV speed, TV vertical angle-of-motion (VAOM), and TV horizontal angle-of-motion (HAOM) by fitting the spectrogram of the complex channel gain of a non-stationary indoor channel model to the spectrogram obtained from the received radio signals. The validity of the estimation algorithm has been confirmed by comparing the estimated parameters of interest with their corresponding exact values, known from generated test signals.","PeriodicalId":332646,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 10th Latin-American Conference on Communications (LATINCOM)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125122248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613252
H. S. F. Pereira, Carlos A. Astudillo, T. Andrade, N. Fonseca
The Random Access (RA)procedure is one of the most frequently used and energy consuming operations in LTE User Equipment (UE)devices. However, little attention has been given to its energy-efficient operation in the literature. In this paper, we propose two Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)power control mechanisms for improving the energy efficiency of the overall RA procedure. Our proposals increase the preamble transmit power based on special characteristics of the UE energy consumption behavior. By doing this, the number of transmitted preamble per successful RA procedure decreases, thus obtaining important energy savings. Our simulation results show that our proposals can reduce up to 41 percent the energy consumption of the RA procedure when compared to the standardized PRACH power control mechanism with power ramping.
{"title":"PRACH Power Control Mechanism for Improving Random-Access Energy Efficiency in Long Term Evolution","authors":"H. S. F. Pereira, Carlos A. Astudillo, T. Andrade, N. Fonseca","doi":"10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613252","url":null,"abstract":"The Random Access (RA)procedure is one of the most frequently used and energy consuming operations in LTE User Equipment (UE)devices. However, little attention has been given to its energy-efficient operation in the literature. In this paper, we propose two Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)power control mechanisms for improving the energy efficiency of the overall RA procedure. Our proposals increase the preamble transmit power based on special characteristics of the UE energy consumption behavior. By doing this, the number of transmitted preamble per successful RA procedure decreases, thus obtaining important energy savings. Our simulation results show that our proposals can reduce up to 41 percent the energy consumption of the RA procedure when compared to the standardized PRACH power control mechanism with power ramping.","PeriodicalId":332646,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 10th Latin-American Conference on Communications (LATINCOM)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131891890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613239
Diego A. A. Santos, R. Brandão, Gabriela A. C. Duarte, Debora R. Totti, Vasco Furtado, J. Rodrigues
For several years, insect-borne diseases have been a major global concern. Countries with warmer climates are these disease vectors primary victims. However, due to rising global temperatures, countries with no history of insect-borne diseases have presented alarming statistics on the mosquitoes population lack control. Due to the importance of this subject, this paper proposes a smart and selective fan-based trap to capture the Aedes aegypti mosquito, main vector of diseases such as Yellow Fever, Dengue Fever, Zika, and Chikungunya. The central purpose of this study is the development of an electronic trap integrable to variable approaches of flying insects sensors. The trap is made up of a microcontroller that operates two DC fans arranged at the ends of an aerodynamic structure. The construction of a prototype validates the project through results evaluation and discussion.
{"title":"A Fan-Based Smart Selective Trap for Flying Insects","authors":"Diego A. A. Santos, R. Brandão, Gabriela A. C. Duarte, Debora R. Totti, Vasco Furtado, J. Rodrigues","doi":"10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613239","url":null,"abstract":"For several years, insect-borne diseases have been a major global concern. Countries with warmer climates are these disease vectors primary victims. However, due to rising global temperatures, countries with no history of insect-borne diseases have presented alarming statistics on the mosquitoes population lack control. Due to the importance of this subject, this paper proposes a smart and selective fan-based trap to capture the Aedes aegypti mosquito, main vector of diseases such as Yellow Fever, Dengue Fever, Zika, and Chikungunya. The central purpose of this study is the development of an electronic trap integrable to variable approaches of flying insects sensors. The trap is made up of a microcontroller that operates two DC fans arranged at the ends of an aerodynamic structure. The construction of a prototype validates the project through results evaluation and discussion.","PeriodicalId":332646,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 10th Latin-American Conference on Communications (LATINCOM)","volume":"117 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133969773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613233
Rafael A. Lituma-Guartan, Josue B. Benavides-Aucapiña, Danilo F. Poveda-Pulla, L. F. Guerrero-Vásquez, Paul A. Chasi-Pesántez
In this article, the up-to-date design of an antenna in the shape of Chakana, “Andes Cross” or “Inka Cross” will be presented and meticulously analyzed. The design base-structure is a planar monopole that goes along with different modifications related to fractal geometry concepts due to its main properties miniaturization, operability, self-similarity, and space-filling. The utilization of the second iteration of Koch fractal in the ground plane and Sierpinski second iteration in the patch allows an improvement of the Ultra-Wideband (UWB)characteristics by acquiring reflection in all of the 3.1 to 10.6 GHz range designated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). In order to improve the reflection present in high frequencies a ground-plane Notch is used; furthermore, so as to reject the frequency band considered for IEEE 802.11A, WLAN-HIPERLAN/2 and the Industrial, Scientific and Medical band (ISM band)located between 5.15 and 5.82 GHz, the implementation of an H-shaped Notch filter on the patch is carried out. The dimensions optimized for this fractal antenna are 30mmx33mm, mounted on an FR4 substrate with dielectric constant $varepsilon r=4.4$, a thickness of h=1.5 and a tangent of losses of (j=O.02, obtaining a bandwidth of 3.25 to 11.36 GHz with a VSWR<2 over the entire frequency range except for the rejected frequencies for ISM. Also, the H-Shaped Notch filter with an effective length of approximately 23.14 mm is positioned around of 4 mm from the feed line to ensure an optimal rejection of −4.85 dB at the center frequency of 5.41 GHz. Therefore, based on the combination of the fractal geometries Koch and Sierpinski proposed, a new Hybrid Fractal Antenna Design for UWB application with a nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern, adequate 50 impedance and good return loss less than −10dB over the entire UWB range is presented.
{"title":"A Novel Hybrid Fractal Antenna Design for Ultra-Wideband Application","authors":"Rafael A. Lituma-Guartan, Josue B. Benavides-Aucapiña, Danilo F. Poveda-Pulla, L. F. Guerrero-Vásquez, Paul A. Chasi-Pesántez","doi":"10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613233","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the up-to-date design of an antenna in the shape of Chakana, “Andes Cross” or “Inka Cross” will be presented and meticulously analyzed. The design base-structure is a planar monopole that goes along with different modifications related to fractal geometry concepts due to its main properties miniaturization, operability, self-similarity, and space-filling. The utilization of the second iteration of Koch fractal in the ground plane and Sierpinski second iteration in the patch allows an improvement of the Ultra-Wideband (UWB)characteristics by acquiring reflection in all of the 3.1 to 10.6 GHz range designated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). In order to improve the reflection present in high frequencies a ground-plane Notch is used; furthermore, so as to reject the frequency band considered for IEEE 802.11A, WLAN-HIPERLAN/2 and the Industrial, Scientific and Medical band (ISM band)located between 5.15 and 5.82 GHz, the implementation of an H-shaped Notch filter on the patch is carried out. The dimensions optimized for this fractal antenna are 30mmx33mm, mounted on an FR4 substrate with dielectric constant $varepsilon r=4.4$, a thickness of h=1.5 and a tangent of losses of (j=O.02, obtaining a bandwidth of 3.25 to 11.36 GHz with a VSWR<2 over the entire frequency range except for the rejected frequencies for ISM. Also, the H-Shaped Notch filter with an effective length of approximately 23.14 mm is positioned around of 4 mm from the feed line to ensure an optimal rejection of −4.85 dB at the center frequency of 5.41 GHz. Therefore, based on the combination of the fractal geometries Koch and Sierpinski proposed, a new Hybrid Fractal Antenna Design for UWB application with a nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern, adequate 50 impedance and good return loss less than −10dB over the entire UWB range is presented.","PeriodicalId":332646,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 10th Latin-American Conference on Communications (LATINCOM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130996565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613199
Danilo F. Poveda-Pulla, Josue B. Benavides-Aucapiña, Rafael A. Lituma-Guartan, L. F. Guerrero-Vásquez, Paul A. Chasi-Pesántez
In this letter, a Differential Evolution Algorithm with Self-Adaptive Control Parameters (SACPDE)is introduced and applied to Notch filter designs in Ultra Wide Band (UWB)antennas. The proposed SACPDE algorithm uses a correlation-based cost function which compare the response of each search individual with a previously defined response pattern to determine the fitness agent, resulting in a shorter computational time to reach the overall optimal solution. The algorithm was implemented on a heptagonal printed antenna using a Notch filter located in the feed line. The proposed algorithm determines the optimal position and effective length of the filter to reject the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM)radio band located from 5.15 to 5.35 and 5.725 to 5.825 GHz in the reflection coefficient response of the antenna and minimally affecting the Non-ISM frequency bands. SACPDE got a U-Shaped Notch filter with effective filter length of 18.8088 mm and positioned approximately 7.9674 mm from the feed line to ensure an optimal rejection of −2.43 dB at 5.5 GHz. The optimized dimensions for this printed UWB heptagonal antenna are 30 mm ⨯ 35 mm with an impedance bandwidth of <-10 dB from 3.1 to 12 GHz, except for the rejected ISM band.
{"title":"SACPDE: Self-Adaptive Control Parameters in Differential Evolution Algorithm for Notch Filter Design in UWB Antenna Applications","authors":"Danilo F. Poveda-Pulla, Josue B. Benavides-Aucapiña, Rafael A. Lituma-Guartan, L. F. Guerrero-Vásquez, Paul A. Chasi-Pesántez","doi":"10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613199","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a Differential Evolution Algorithm with Self-Adaptive Control Parameters (SACPDE)is introduced and applied to Notch filter designs in Ultra Wide Band (UWB)antennas. The proposed SACPDE algorithm uses a correlation-based cost function which compare the response of each search individual with a previously defined response pattern to determine the fitness agent, resulting in a shorter computational time to reach the overall optimal solution. The algorithm was implemented on a heptagonal printed antenna using a Notch filter located in the feed line. The proposed algorithm determines the optimal position and effective length of the filter to reject the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM)radio band located from 5.15 to 5.35 and 5.725 to 5.825 GHz in the reflection coefficient response of the antenna and minimally affecting the Non-ISM frequency bands. SACPDE got a U-Shaped Notch filter with effective filter length of 18.8088 mm and positioned approximately 7.9674 mm from the feed line to ensure an optimal rejection of −2.43 dB at 5.5 GHz. The optimized dimensions for this printed UWB heptagonal antenna are 30 mm ⨯ 35 mm with an impedance bandwidth of <-10 dB from 3.1 to 12 GHz, except for the rejected ISM band.","PeriodicalId":332646,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 10th Latin-American Conference on Communications (LATINCOM)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134522675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613250
Adrián Lara, Luis Quesada
One goal of network providers is to allow their customers to establish end-to-end circuits as efficiently as possible. A novel way to tackle this problem is to use network function virtualization (NFV). Indeed, NFV enables network providers to expose their network as a virtual topology so that customers can compute an end-to-end path for their data. With the advent of software-defined networking (SDN), the challenge of updating the network forwarding rules automatically to achieve network virtualization has been largely addressed. However, the design and standardization of the northbound interface between the network provider and the customer are still in their early age. For this reason, in this paper we focus on comparing existing northbound interfaces such as OpenFlow, REST or XMPP. To do so, we first describe the requirements of providing an end-to-end connectivity service, such as quality-of-service, minimum bandwidth or maximum jitter. Next, we analyze which protocols allow to meet the requirements of a customer-to-provider interface for end-to-end connectivity. After that, we implement and compare three customer-to-provider interfaces. The first one uses OpenFlow, the second one XMPP and the third one a REST API. The comparison and results are important to help network providers decide which solution meets their requirements best. Our results show how all interfaces scale well and how the decision of which interface to use depends more on the features offered by each one.
{"title":"Performance Analysis of SDN Northbound Interfaces","authors":"Adrián Lara, Luis Quesada","doi":"10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LATINCOM.2018.8613250","url":null,"abstract":"One goal of network providers is to allow their customers to establish end-to-end circuits as efficiently as possible. A novel way to tackle this problem is to use network function virtualization (NFV). Indeed, NFV enables network providers to expose their network as a virtual topology so that customers can compute an end-to-end path for their data. With the advent of software-defined networking (SDN), the challenge of updating the network forwarding rules automatically to achieve network virtualization has been largely addressed. However, the design and standardization of the northbound interface between the network provider and the customer are still in their early age. For this reason, in this paper we focus on comparing existing northbound interfaces such as OpenFlow, REST or XMPP. To do so, we first describe the requirements of providing an end-to-end connectivity service, such as quality-of-service, minimum bandwidth or maximum jitter. Next, we analyze which protocols allow to meet the requirements of a customer-to-provider interface for end-to-end connectivity. After that, we implement and compare three customer-to-provider interfaces. The first one uses OpenFlow, the second one XMPP and the third one a REST API. The comparison and results are important to help network providers decide which solution meets their requirements best. Our results show how all interfaces scale well and how the decision of which interface to use depends more on the features offered by each one.","PeriodicalId":332646,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 10th Latin-American Conference on Communications (LATINCOM)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114343049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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