International Journal of Biological Macromolecules最新文献_第10页

Soybean meal waste as a sustainable flame retardant for green polylactide composite films with enhanced flame resistance and balanced toughness via impact modifiers 豆粕渣作为绿色聚乳酸复合薄膜的可持续阻燃剂，通过抗冲击改性剂增强其阻燃性和平衡韧性。

IF 8.5 1区化学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Pub Date : 2025-12-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.149694

Tunsuda Suparanon , Fatihah Pohsu , Rattikarn Kumklon , Neeranuch Phusunti , Worasak Phetwarotai

Aligned with Sustainable Development Goal 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), this study presents a sustainable strategy to develop flame-retardant polylactide (PLA) composite films using soybean meal (SB), a food-waste byproduct, as a sustainable flame retardant. The incorporation of 10 phr SB markedly improved flame resistance, achieving a VTM-0 rating in the UL-94 test through flame inhibition in both gas and condensed phases. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed enhanced thermal stability with increased char residue, while the flame-retardant mechanism involved the release of phosphoric acid generating water vapor to dilute flammable gases, and cellulose and lignin promoting char formation. Despite these benefits, SB addition reduced mechanical strength due to particle agglomeration, as observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To overcome this drawback, tricresyl phosphate (TCP) and tributyl phosphate (TBP) were employed as impact modifiers. The optimized formulation (PS_C20) achieved a 152 % increase in tensile-impact toughness compared with PS10, while maintaining excellent flame retardancy. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that TCP accelerated crystallization, lowering the cold-crystallization temperature and increasing crystallinity. Overall, this work highlights the potential of upcycling food waste into high-performance, eco-friendly PLA composites, supporting extended material lifespans and advancing SDG 12 through sustainable product design.

根据可持续发展目标12（负责任的消费和生产），本研究提出了一种可持续的策略，利用食物垃圾副产品豆粕（SB）作为可持续阻燃剂，开发阻燃聚乳酸（PLA）复合薄膜。10 phr SB的掺入显著提高了阻燃性，在UL-94测试中通过气相和凝聚相的阻燃性达到了VTM-0等级。热重分析（TGA）证实，炭渣的增加增加了热稳定性，而阻燃机理涉及释放磷酸产生水蒸气以稀释可燃气体，纤维素和木质素促进炭的形成。尽管有这些好处，但正如扫描电子显微镜（SEM）所观察到的那样，添加SB会由于颗粒团聚而降低机械强度。为了克服这一缺点，采用磷酸三烷基（TCP）和磷酸三丁酯（TBP）作为冲击改性剂。优化后的配方（PS_C20）的抗拉冲击韧性比PS10提高了152 %，同时保持了优异的阻燃性。差示扫描量热法（DSC）表明，TCP加速了结晶，降低了冷结晶温度，提高了结晶度。总的来说，这项工作突出了将食物垃圾升级为高性能、环保的PLA复合材料的潜力，支持延长材料寿命，并通过可持续的产品设计推进可持续发展目标12。

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引用次数: 0

Construction and performance of polyethyleneimine modification on cellulose nanocrystal surface and reducing end groups 聚乙烯亚胺改性纤维素纳米晶表面及还原端基的结构与性能。

IF 8.5 1区化学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Pub Date : 2025-12-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.149703

Huimin Shen , Tianxing Wang , Xuezhu Xu

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) possess excellent mechanical strength, high crystallinity, and intrinsic biocompatibility, but their limited surface reactivity and weakly active reducing end groups restrict their application in functional materials. In this work, CNCs were modified with polyethyleneimine (PEI) to enhance surface functional density. The grafting of PEI onto CNCs significantly increased the availability of nucleophilic sites, strengthened the interaction between PEI and the aldehydic reducing ends, and enabled efficient crosslinking. As a result, PEI-modified CNCs displayed markedly enhanced properties, the surface-modified CNC-PEI(S) exhibited a zeta potential increase to ~ −28.3 mV, improved dispersion stability with an average particle size of 204.8 nm, and a maximum formaldehyde adsorption capacity of 11.8 % within 20 min at room temperature. It showed a fluorescence intensity enhancement responsive to formaldehyde concentrations ranging from 2 to 400 ppm. In contrast, the reducing-end modified CNC-PEI(R) demonstrated superior performance, with a formaldehyde removal efficiency of up to 55.3 % under the same conditions and a linear fluorescence response to low formaldehyde concentrations (20–400 ppb). Both materials retained the chiral nematic structure of native CNCs and exhibited significant thermal stability, with the maximum degradation temperature of CNC-PEI(S) reaching approximately 325 °C. These functionalized CNCs were successfully fabricated into freestanding films and integrated into a portable, low-cost detection device for rapid, visual quantification of aqueous formaldehyde under UV light. These findings demonstrate that PEI-functionalized CNCs provide a versatile platform for constructing high-performance bio-based materials suitable for environmental sensing and pollutant adsorption, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional detection and remediation technologies.

纤维素纳米晶体（CNCs）具有优异的机械强度、高结晶度和固有的生物相容性，但其有限的表面反应性和弱活性的还原端基限制了其在功能材料中的应用。在这项工作中，用聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）修饰cnc以提高表面功能密度。PEI接枝到CNCs上显著提高了亲核位点的可用性，增强了PEI与醛还原端之间的相互作用，实现了高效的交联。结果表明，表面改性的CNC-PEI(S)的zeta电位提高到~ -28.3 mV，分散稳定性提高，平均粒径为204.8 nm，在室温下20 min内的最大甲醛吸附量为11.8 %。在2 ~ 400 ppm的甲醛浓度范围内，荧光强度增强。相比之下，还原端修饰的CNC-PEI(R)表现出优异的性能，在相同条件下甲醛去除率高达55.3% %，并且对低甲醛浓度（20-400 ppb）具有线性荧光响应。两种材料都保留了天然cnc的手性向列结构，并表现出显著的热稳定性，CNC-PEI(S)的最高降解温度约为325 °C。这些功能化的cnc被成功制成独立的薄膜，并集成到便携式，低成本的检测设备中，用于在紫外光下快速，直观地定量水中甲醛。这些发现表明，pei功能化的cnc为构建适用于环境传感和污染物吸附的高性能生物基材料提供了一个通用平台，为传统的检测和修复技术提供了一个可持续的替代方案。

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引用次数: 0

A-kinase anchoring protein 17 A promotes hypoxic adaptation and tumor growth by augmenting HIF1α protein synthesis A激酶锚定蛋白17 A通过增加HIF1α蛋白合成促进缺氧适应和肿瘤生长。

IF 8.5 1区化学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.149676

Boqi Zhang , Zifan Wang , Yanfei Tang , Guanbo Ma , Yunzhang Liu , Yun Li , Jiejie Hao , Junli Ye , Xiangrong Sun , Ling Lu

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) is the master transcriptional regulator of cellular adaptation to low oxygen microenvironment, essential for oxygen homeostasis and promoting tumorigenesis. We report that AKAP17A, an A-kinase anchoring protein, activates HIF1α signaling through a protein kinase A (PKA)-independent mechanism. Depletion of AKAP17A in mammalian cells reduced HIF1α abundance and attenuated the transcriptional activation of HIF target genes. Consistently, akap17a-null zebrafish exhibited compromised HIF signaling, impaired hypoxia tolerance, and diminished hypoxia-induced erythropoiesis. Functionally, knocking out AKAP17A suppressed cancer cell proliferation in vitro and impeded tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that AKAP17A augments HIF1α protein synthesis. Collectively, this work identifies AKAP17A as a pivotal regulator of the HIF1α, providing novel insights into its role in hypoxic adaptation and oncogenesis.

缺氧诱导因子1α (HIF1α)是细胞适应低氧微环境的主要转录调控因子，对氧稳态和促进肿瘤发生至关重要。我们报道了a激酶锚定蛋白AKAP17A通过蛋白激酶a （PKA）不依赖的机制激活HIF1α信号。在哺乳动物细胞中，AKAP17A的缺失降低了HIF1α的丰度，并减弱了HIF靶基因的转录激活。一致地，akap17a缺失的斑马鱼表现出HIF信号受损、缺氧耐受性受损和缺氧诱导的红细胞生成减少。在功能上，敲除AKAP17A在体外抑制癌细胞增殖，在体内抑制肿瘤生长。机制研究表明，AKAP17A增强了HIF1α蛋白的合成。总的来说，这项工作确定了AKAP17A是HIF1α的关键调节因子，为其在缺氧适应和肿瘤发生中的作用提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Unraveling the N-Co coordination mechanism in chitosan‑cobalt complexes: Structural elucidation and in vivo cobalt supplementation effect 壳聚糖-钴配合物中NCo配位机制的揭示：结构解析和体内钴补充效应。

IF 8.5 1区化学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.149688

Shuai Wang , Shiping Wang , Zhihao Zheng , Zhangkong Wei , Lixia Shi , Xiaoyan Jia , Li Li , Jing Ren , Lei Yang , Yannan Ma , Ji Zhang , Jianping Wu , Junlong Wang

Polysaccharide-metal complexes possess superior properties and exhibit broad applications with significant developmental potential. In this study, we systematically elucidated the coordination model and mechanisms between chitosan and cobalt(II). First, combining DFT calculations and experimental results, a coordination chemical mechanism of CS-Co(II) was revealed that Co(II) ions preferentially accept electrons from the N atoms of -NH₂ to coordinate with CS, forming a twisted octahedron configuration via sp³d² hybridization. N-Co coordination bonds were dominated by ionic bonding, with a small amount of covalency present. In chain features, Co(II) introduction caused slight chitosan chain degradation and compact conformation. Furthermore, lambs supplemented with CS-Co(II) exhibited higher serum Co content and kidney VB₁₂ levels, and no abnormalities in blood biochemical indexes were observed, indicating CS-Co(II) provide potential applications in animal production. This investigation provided a novel insight for developing polysaccharide-metal complexes as functional nutritional supplements through elucidation of coordination mechanisms.

金属多糖配合物具有优良的性能，具有广阔的应用前景和巨大的发展潜力。在本研究中，我们系统地阐明了壳聚糖与钴（II）的配位模型和机理。首先，结合DFT计算和实验结果，揭示了CS-Co（II）的配位化学机制：Co（II）离子优先接受-NH2 N原子的电子与CS配位，通过sp3d2杂化形成扭曲的八面体构型。NCo配位键以离子键为主，存在少量共价。在链特征上，Co（II）的引入使壳聚糖链轻微降解，构象致密。此外，添加CS-Co（II）的羔羊血清Co含量和肾脏VB12水平较高，血液生化指标未见异常，表明CS-Co（II）在动物生产中具有潜在的应用前景。该研究通过阐明配合机制，为开发多糖-金属配合物作为功能性营养补充剂提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Integration of green synthesized silver nanoparticles in electrospun PVA-alginate and resveratrol-loaded ZIF-8 into alginate lyophilized hydrogel as a dual-layered biomimetic skin construct. 将电纺pva -海藻酸盐中的绿色合成纳米银粒子和白藜芦醇负载的ZIF-8整合到海藻酸盐冻干水凝胶中作为双层仿生皮肤结构。

IF 8.5 1区化学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.149681

Mohammad Sadegh Tahamtan, Fatemeh Ansari, Farshad Moharrami Kasmaie, Zahra Zareshahrabadi, Ali Mohammad Amani, Majid Salehi, Sepide Amiri, Somayeh Ghasemian, Mahsa Askari Jahromi, Ahmad Vaez

Cutaneous wound repair remains a critical biomedical challenge due to the skin's complex functional roles. This study introduces a dual-component biomaterial system that combines a polyvinyl alcohol-alginate (PVA-Alg) nanofibrous scaffold embedded with a green-synthesized silver nanoparticles (GsAg), combined with an alginate hydrogel loaded either ZIF-8 or resveratrol-loaded ZIF-8 (Res@ZIF-8). The GsAg nanoparticles demonstrated potent antimicrobial and antifungal activities (0.5-32 μg/mL), while Res@ZIF-8 hydrogels enhanced keratinocyte migration (76.98 ± 5.96 % of scratch gap closure) and increased fibroblast cell viability as confirmed by the MTT assay at concentrations of 32-128 μg/mL. Mechanically, the incorporation GsAg nanoparticles increased the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the PVA-Alg-GsAg nanocomposite scaffold to 2.42 ± 0.42 and 4.26 ± 0.83 MPa, compared to 1.94 ± 0.15 and 2.70 ± 0.64 MPa for the scaffold without nanoparticles, respectively. Furthermore, the incorporation of ZIF-8 and Res@ZIF-8 into Alg hydrogels reduced swelling ratios (after 24 h) to 188.8 ± 8.25 and 158.7 ± 15.25, and porosity to 59.75 ± 5.01 % and 58.87 ± 3.21 %, respectively, compared to 208.8 ± 12.38 and 63.07 ± 4.85 % for the pure Alg hydrogel. In contrast to controls, both ZIF-8 and Res@ZIF-8 groups showed absent neutrophilic infiltration, with Res@ZIF-8 further enhancing re-epithelialization confirmed by histological analysis after 21 days.

由于皮肤的复杂功能作用，皮肤伤口修复仍然是一个关键的生物医学挑战。本研究介绍了一种双组分生物材料系统，该系统将聚乙烯醇-海藻酸盐（PVA-Alg）纳米纤维支架嵌入绿色合成的银纳米颗粒（GsAg），并结合海藻酸盐水凝胶负载ZIF-8或白藜芦醇负载ZIF-8 （Res@ZIF-8）。GsAg纳米颗粒表现出有效的抗菌和抗真菌活性（0.5-32 μg/mL），而Res@ZIF-8水凝胶在32-128 μg/mL浓度下，可增强角质细胞迁移（76.98 ± 5.96 %），并增加成纤维细胞活力。机械,掺入GsAg纳米颗粒增加屈服强度和极限抗拉强度(ut) PVA-Alg-GsAg纳米复合材料支架2.42 ±  0.42和4.26±0.83  MPa,相比1.94 ±  0.15和2.70±0.64  MPa的脚手架没有纳米颗粒,分别。此外,合并ZIF-8和Res@ZIF-8 Alg水凝胶减少肿胀比率(后24 h )到188.8 ±  8.25和158.7±15.25 ,和孔隙度59.75 ±  % 5.01和58.87 ±3.21  %,分别,而208.8 ±  12.38和63.07±4.85  %纯Alg水凝胶。与对照组相比，ZIF-8组和Res@ZIF-8组均未出现中性粒细胞浸润，在21 天后的组织学分析证实Res@ZIF-8进一步增强了再上皮化。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular architecture and regulatory dynamics of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in livestock: A narrative review 家畜缺氧诱导因子的分子结构和调控动态：述评。

IF 8.5 1区化学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.149673

Ram Parsad , Meena Bagiyal , Shreya Malhotra , Reena Arora , Sonika Ahlawat

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) act as master regulators of oxygen homeostasis, coordinating a wide range of adaptive responses that enable livestock to survive and perform under hypoxic stress. This review brings together molecular, genetic, and physiological insights into HIF signaling, with emphasis on HIF-1α and HIF-2α (EPAS1), which play central roles in high-altitude adaptation, metabolic reprogramming, reproductive function, and disease resilience. Evidence from multi-omics studies across livestock, including ruminants such as yaks, Tibetan sheep, and goats, as well as pigs and poultry, highlights structural aspects of HIF proteins and regulatory mechanisms, providing a comprehensive understanding of how these transcription factors integrate oxygen sensing with cellular responses. EPAS1 consistently emerges as a convergent locus of positive selection, underpinning enhanced erythropoiesis, angiogenesis, and glycolytic metabolism in high-altitude species. HIF-1α, in contrast, contributes to shaping production traits such as meat quality, lactation efficiency, and immune competence, particularly under challenges like heat stress and inflammation. Notably, dysregulated HIF activity associates with tumor-like conditions, mastitis, and other pathologies, highlighting adaptive benefits and risks. Integrating these insights, we propose that HIF-targeted approaches, from marker-assisted selection to precision management, hold promise for developing hypoxia-tolerant, climate-resilient livestock. As agriculture faces mounting pressures from climate change and environmental stressors, deeper understanding of HIFs will be critical for sustaining productivity, improving animal welfare, and guiding future breeding and management strategies. This article is a narrative review summarizing current knowledge and recent advances of HIF biology across livestock species.

低氧诱导因子（hif）作为氧稳态的主要调节因子，协调各种适应性反应，使牲畜能够在低氧胁迫下生存和生产。本文综述了HIF信号的分子、遗传和生理方面的见解，重点介绍了HIF-1α和HIF-2α (EPAS1)，它们在高海拔适应、代谢重编程、生殖功能和疾病恢复能力中发挥核心作用。EPAS1一直作为正选择的聚合位点出现，支持在高海拔物种中增强的红细胞生成、血管生成和糖酵解代谢。相比之下，HIF-1α有助于塑造生产性状，如肉质、泌乳效率和免疫能力，特别是在热应激和炎症等挑战下。值得注意的是，失调的HIF活性与肿瘤样疾病、乳腺炎和其他病理相关，突出了适应性益处和风险。综合这些见解，我们提出以hif为目标的方法，从标记辅助选择到精确管理，有望开发耐缺氧、气候适应性强的牲畜。随着农业面临来自气候变化和环境压力的越来越大的压力，深入了解hif对于维持生产力、改善动物福利以及指导未来的育种和管理战略至关重要。这篇文章是一篇叙述性的综述，总结了家畜物种间HIF生物学的现有知识和最新进展。

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引用次数: 0

Fabrication and characterization of functionalized chitosan nanoparticles with Lactoferrin as a multifunctional nanocarrier for anticancer applications 以乳铁蛋白为抗癌多功能载体的功能化壳聚糖纳米颗粒的制备与表征。

IF 8.5 1区化学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.149674

Esmail M. El-Fakharany , Omkulthom Al kamaly , Mohamed H. El-Sayed , Yousra A. El-Maradny

This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer efficacy of multifunctional lactoferrin-coated, 5-fluorouracil-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles (cLF/5-FU/CS-NPs) by investigating their cytotoxicity and underlying mechanisms of action. Both 5-FU/CS-NPs and cLF/5-FU/CS-NPs were fabricated and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and zeta potential measurements. The developed cLF/5-FU/CS-NPs were designed to enhance 5-FU delivery and overcome its pharmacological limitations in cancer therapy through conjugation with cLF. The nanoparticles exhibited a polydisperse, regular, and stable morphology, with zeta potentials of +5 mV and + 47 mV for 5-FU/CS-NPs and cLF/5-FU/CS-NPs, respectively. cLF/5-FU/CS-NPs demonstrated enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ range 5.31 to 7.34 μg/mL) and improved selectivity (SI up to 7.71) compared with free 5-FU, alongside reduced hemolytic activity in vitro. The treated cancer cells showed pronounced morphological alterations, increased sub-G1 populations, and intense nuclear fluorescence, indicating apoptosis induction. Moreover, cLF/5-FU/CS-NPs significantly downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, suggesting immunomodulatory activity. In silico analyses, including network pharmacology and protein–protein docking, were employed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of cLF and provide structural insights into its anticancer potential. Collectively, these findings indicate that cLF/5-FU/CS-NPs represent a safe and selective antitumor candidate that induces apoptosis-mediated cell death, promotes DNA damage, and enhances immune response.

本研究旨在通过研究多功能乳铁蛋白包被、5-氟尿嘧啶包被的壳聚糖纳米颗粒（cLF/5-FU/CS-NPs）的细胞毒性及其作用机制来评价其抗癌效果。制备了5-FU/CS-NPs和cLF/5-FU/CS-NPs，并利用扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（TEM）、能量色散x射线（EDX）分析、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和zeta电位测量对其进行了表征。开发的cLF/5-FU/CS-NPs旨在通过与cLF结合来增强5-FU的递送并克服其在癌症治疗中的药理学局限性。5- fu /CS-NPs和cLF/5- fu /CS-NPs的zeta电位分别为+5 mV和 + 47 mV。与游离5-FU相比，cLF/5-FU/CS-NPs的体外细胞毒性增强（IC50范围为5.31至7.34 μg/mL），选择性提高（SI高达7.71），体外溶血活性降低。处理后的癌细胞表现出明显的形态改变，亚g1群增加，核荧光强烈，表明凋亡诱导。此外，cLF/5-FU/CS-NPs显著下调促炎基因的表达，提示其具有免疫调节作用。通过计算机分析，包括网络药理学和蛋白-蛋白对接，阐明了cLF的分子机制，并提供了其抗癌潜力的结构见解。总之，这些发现表明，cLF/5-FU/CS-NPs是一种安全的、选择性的抗肿瘤候选药物，可诱导细胞凋亡介导的细胞死亡，促进DNA损伤，增强免疫应答。

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引用次数: 0

The gut-liver axis mediates the protective effect of Cinnamomum chago polysaccharide against acute liver injury: Insights from integrated microbiome and metabolomics analysis 肠-肝轴介导肉桂多糖对急性肝损伤的保护作用：来自综合微生物组学和代谢组学分析的见解。

IF 8.5 1区化学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.149679

Yiqi Li , Jie Li , Fu Zhang , Zhenzhen Liang , Mengqi Lan , Wenyi Kang , Yu Zhang

Cinnamomum chago B. S. Sun et H. L. Zhao polysaccharide (CCP) was evaluated for its hepatoprotective effects against carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced acute liver injury (ALI). The results demonstrated that CCP improved liver histopathology in ALI mice, significantly decreased serum biochemical indicators of liver injury, and enhanced hepatic antioxidant capacity. Western blot analysis further revealed that CCP activated the Nrf2/NQO1 signaling pathway, thereby strengthening the antioxidant defense system and alleviating liver damage.

Untargeted metabolomics and gut microbiota profiling indicated that CCP increased linoleic acid levels through the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids pathway. The elevated linoleic acid promoted the abundance of Lactobacillus in the gut microbiota, and metabolites produced from their interaction further enhanced systemic antioxidant capacity. Moreover, the CCP-induced increase in linoleic acid activated the hepatic Nrf2 signaling pathway, contributing to the improvement of liver injury.

In conclusion, the gut–liver axis plays a crucial protective role in liver health, and the hepatoprotective effects of CCP are mediated by Lactobacillus and linoleic acid through activation of the hepatic Nrf2/NQO1 signaling pathway.

研究了肉桂多糖（Cinnamomum chago b.s. Sun et H. l Zhao polysaccharides， CCP）对四氯化碳（CCl₄）诱导的急性肝损伤（ALI）的保护作用。结果表明，CCP改善了ALI小鼠的肝脏组织病理学，显著降低了肝脏损伤的血清生化指标，增强了肝脏的抗氧化能力。Western blot分析进一步发现，CCP激活Nrf2/NQO1信号通路，从而增强抗氧化防御系统，减轻肝损伤。非靶向代谢组学和肠道微生物群分析表明，CCP通过生物合成不饱和脂肪酸途径增加亚油酸水平。升高的亚油酸促进了肠道菌群中乳酸杆菌的丰度，它们相互作用产生的代谢物进一步增强了全身抗氧化能力。此外，ccp诱导的亚油酸增加激活了肝脏Nrf2信号通路，有助于改善肝损伤。综上所述，肠-肝轴在肝脏健康中起着至关重要的保护作用，而CCP的肝保护作用是由乳酸杆菌和亚油酸通过激活肝脏Nrf2/NQO1信号通路介导的。

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引用次数: 0

Visible-light crosslinked caffeic acid–modified gelatin hydrogels with tunable mechanical, adhesive, and antioxidant properties 可见光交联咖啡酸改性明胶水凝胶具有可调的机械，粘接和抗氧化性能。

IF 8.5 1区化学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.149665

Yu-Ting Lin Lin , En-En Huang , Jiashing Yu

Gelatin–catechol hydrogels possess significant potential for bioadhesive and antioxidant applications, but their practical use is hindered by weak mechanical strength, unstable network formation, and uncontrolled catechol oxidation. Conventional UV-mediated crosslinking further introduces phototoxicity concerns and reduced polymerization efficiency due to catechol radical scavenging, highlighting the need for safer and more effective visible-light-based strategies. In this study, we synthesized gelatin-based hydrogels functionalized with caffeic acid (CA-2OH) via N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxysuccinimide (EDC/NHS) coupling. These hydrogels were subsequently crosslinked either under UV light using lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate (LAP) or under visible light using Eosin Y (EY), triethanolamine (TEOA), and N-vinylcaprolactam (VC), hereafter referred to as EYTV. CA-2OH conjugation was verified by UV–Visible spectroscopy, ¹H NMR, and quantitative assays. Visible-light crosslinking, particularly EYTV, produced hydrogels with enhanced mechanical properties, network stability, and fatigue resistance. EYTV hydrogels reached a compressive Young's modulus of 4.82 ± 0.28 kPa, compared with 2.83 ± 0.11 kPa in EY and 5.47 ± 1.02 kPa in LAP. Rheological analysis confirmed shear-thinning behavior, injectability, and partial self-healing. EYTV also significantly improved tissue adhesion (18.33 ± 0.42 kPa), representing a 192 % increase relative to EY and a 33 % increase compared with LAP, and yielded compact pore morphology, reduced swelling, and enhanced enzymatic stability. Antioxidant assays showed higher radical-scavenging activity in EY hydrogels (74.35 ± 1.48 %) owing to unreacted catechols, while LAP and EYTV exhibited reduced activity (29.71 ± 2.32 % and 15.58 ± 2.86 %). Overall, GelCA-2OH hydrogels provide tunable mechanics, strong adhesion, and robust cytocompatibility, making them promising for tissue engineering and oxidative stress mitigation.

明胶-儿茶酚水凝胶在生物粘合剂和抗氧化剂方面具有巨大的应用潜力，但其实际应用受到机械强度弱、网络形成不稳定和儿茶酚氧化不受控制的阻碍。传统的紫外线介导的交联进一步引入了光毒性问题和由于儿茶酚自由基清除而降低的聚合效率，突出了对更安全、更有效的可见光策略的需求。在这项研究中，我们通过N-（3-二甲氨基丙基）-N'-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐/N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺（EDC/NHS）偶联合成了以咖啡酸（CA-2OH）为功能化的明胶基水凝胶。这些水凝胶随后在紫外光下用苯基-2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰膦酸锂（LAP）或在可见光下用伊红Y （EY）、三乙醇胺（TEOA）和n -乙烯基己内酰胺（VC）（以下简称EYTV）交联。通过紫外可见光谱、1H NMR和定量分析验证了CA-2OH的偶联性。可见光交联，特别是EYTV，生产的水凝胶具有增强的机械性能、网络稳定性和抗疲劳性。EYTV水凝胶达到压缩杨氏模量为4.82 ±0.28  kPa,相比之下, 2.83±0.11  在迪士尼和5.47 kPa ±1.02  kPa在大腿上。流变学分析证实了剪切减薄行为、注射性和部分自愈性。EYTV还显著改善了组织粘连（18.33 ± 0.42 kPa），与EY相比增加了192 %，与LAP相比增加了33 %，并且产生了致密的孔隙形态，减少了肿胀，增强了酶的稳定性。抗氧化剂化验显示,是较高的自由基清除活性水凝胶(74.35 ±1.48  %)由于未反应的苯邻二酚,而腿上和EYTV展出活动减少(29.71 ±2.32   %和15.58±2.86  %)。总的来说，GelCA-2OH水凝胶具有可调节的力学，强粘附性和强大的细胞相容性，使其在组织工程和氧化应激缓解方面具有前景。

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引用次数: 0

Plant protein-curcumin nanoparticles: How protein traits shape particle properties. 植物蛋白-姜黄素纳米颗粒：蛋白质特性如何塑造粒子特性。

IF 8.5 1区化学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.149583

Xiang Lin, Xiaoting Zhai, Wenting Huang, Yuhong Mao

Curcumin (Cur) is a hydrophobic nutraceutical with poor water solubility and low oral bioavailability. This study elucidates how plant protein molecular traits shape the assembly, structure, and digestive fate of Cur-loaded nanoparticles. Using a pH-shifting strategy, zein was employed as a hydrophobic core, while soluble legume protein fractions (Sup) or whey protein isolate (WPI, W) served as shell components. The resulting core-shell nanoparticles exhibited tunable particle sizes (40-130 nm), high uniformity (PDI < 0.18), and excellent loading capacity (up to 316.3 μg/mg_protein). Core-shell composition and ratio determined particle size and compactness, while shell protein identity modulated stability and encapsulation efficiency. Proteins with high hydrophobicity and flexible structures promoted stronger interactions with zein, yielding nanoparticles with superior Cur retention during storage (> 93 %) and re-dispersibility after freeze-drying (up to 86.8 %). Under simulated gastric conditions, zein-shell protein co-assemblies protected cleavage sites, reducing proteolysis and enabling delayed Cur release; the complex of zein with mung bean soluble protein at a 1: 4 ratio (4MsupZC) retained 75.1 % of Cur after 1 h of gastric digestion, outperforming other zein-shell protein composites. Peptidomic profiling confirmed that protein interactions modulated both shell and core digestibility. Correlation analysis supported these findings, revealing that zein incorporation attenuated most structure-particle and particle-digestion linkages, consistent with an interaction-masking effect that decouples shell-protein structure from functional outcomes. Collectively, this work establishes a multi-level structure-function relationship between protein molecular traits and nanoparticle performance, providing a mechanistic basis for designing scalable protein-based delivery systems for poorly soluble bioactives.

姜黄素是一种水溶性差、口服生物利用度低的疏水营养品。本研究阐明了植物蛋白分子特征如何影响载凝纳米颗粒的组装、结构和消化命运。采用ph转移策略，玉米蛋白作为疏水核心，可溶性豆科蛋白（Sup）或乳清分离蛋白（WPI， W）作为壳组分。所制得的核壳纳米颗粒具有粒径可调（40-130 nm）、均匀性高（PDI 蛋白）等特点。核壳组成和比例决定了颗粒的大小和致密性，而壳蛋白特性调节了稳定性和包封效率。具有高疏水性和柔性结构的蛋白质促进了与玉米蛋白的更强相互作用，产生的纳米颗粒在储存期间具有优异的保凝性（> 93 %）和冷冻干燥后的再分散性（高达86.8 %）。在模拟胃条件下，玉米蛋白壳蛋白共组装保护了裂解位点，减少了蛋白水解并使Cur延迟释放；在胃消化1 h后，玉米蛋白与绿豆可溶性蛋白（4MsupZC）的比例为1:4的复合物（4MsupZC）保留了75.1% %的Cur，优于其他玉米蛋白壳蛋白复合物。肽组分析证实蛋白质相互作用调节壳和核的消化率。相关分析支持了这些发现，表明玉米蛋白掺入减弱了大多数结构-颗粒和颗粒-消化的联系，这与壳蛋白结构与功能结果分离的相互作用掩蔽效应相一致。总的来说，这项工作建立了蛋白质分子特征和纳米颗粒性能之间多层次的结构-功能关系，为设计可扩展的基于蛋白质的难溶性生物活性物质递送系统提供了机制基础。

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引用次数: 0