Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580284
S. Guitarra, L. Trojman, L. Raymond
This paper presents the current-voltage (I–V) characteristics of HfO2-based Resistive Random Access Memories (ReRAM). A statistical analysis of the main electrical parameters of the set and reset switching is done and compared among devices of different areas. With this experimental evidence, a phenomenological model for the resistive switching mechanism in bipolar memories is proposed. This model not only captures the electrical response, but also explains the stochastic behavior reported in this kind of devices.
{"title":"A phenomenological model of the resistive switching for Hf-based ReRAM devices","authors":"S. Guitarra, L. Trojman, L. Raymond","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580284","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the current-voltage (I–V) characteristics of HfO2-based Resistive Random Access Memories (ReRAM). A statistical analysis of the main electrical parameters of the set and reset switching is done and compared among devices of different areas. With this experimental evidence, a phenomenological model for the resistive switching mechanism in bipolar memories is proposed. This model not only captures the electrical response, but also explains the stochastic behavior reported in this kind of devices.","PeriodicalId":334574,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Third Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132751446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580302
V. Robles-Bykbaev, V. Velásquez-Angamarca, K. Mosquera-Cordero, D. Calle-López, Y. Robles-Bykbaev, E. Pinos-Vélez, A. León-Pesántez
The Dyslalia is considered one of the most common communication disorders that present children with and without disabilities. The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) claims that 5 percent of U.S. children ages 3–17 have a speech disorder that lasted for a week or longer during the past 12 months. This situation is very similar in other countries of Europe, Africa, and Latin America. For these reasons, in this paper, we present a proposal of a virtual robotic assistant aimed at providing therapy exercises for children with Dyslalia. The virtual assistant uses a rule-based expert system that determines the best alternatives of exercises that will be carried out with a child in the phonetic area. With the aim of developing the physical version of the virtual assistant, we performed a study with 33 students enrolled in the last year of the career of initial education, early stimulation, and precocious intervention (in Cuenca, Ecuador). The participants validated our proposal through a survey, and the achieved results are encouraging.
{"title":"A proposal of a virtual robotic assistant and a rule-based expert system to carry out therapeutic exercises with children with Dyslalia","authors":"V. Robles-Bykbaev, V. Velásquez-Angamarca, K. Mosquera-Cordero, D. Calle-López, Y. Robles-Bykbaev, E. Pinos-Vélez, A. León-Pesántez","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580302","url":null,"abstract":"The Dyslalia is considered one of the most common communication disorders that present children with and without disabilities. The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) claims that 5 percent of U.S. children ages 3–17 have a speech disorder that lasted for a week or longer during the past 12 months. This situation is very similar in other countries of Europe, Africa, and Latin America. For these reasons, in this paper, we present a proposal of a virtual robotic assistant aimed at providing therapy exercises for children with Dyslalia. The virtual assistant uses a rule-based expert system that determines the best alternatives of exercises that will be carried out with a child in the phonetic area. With the aim of developing the physical version of the virtual assistant, we performed a study with 33 students enrolled in the last year of the career of initial education, early stimulation, and precocious intervention (in Cuenca, Ecuador). The participants validated our proposal through a survey, and the achieved results are encouraging.","PeriodicalId":334574,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Third Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134366964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580310
Francis R. Loayza, Juan Sola-Mora, Livingston Castro-Valladares, Jaqueline Litardo, Luis Nuñez-Idrovo, H. Mora
Cranial defects are often result of decompressive craniotomies performed after brain injuries, tumor extraction and trauma, leaving patients with severe functional and aesthetic problems. The partially or total reconstruction (cranioplasty) is expensive, especially for low-income patients. The standard protocol is to use the pre-fabricated implants made of titanium or Peek using complex CNC machines. In this work we present a method for design and build a low cost alloplastic implants using the commercial bone cement based on Polymethyl-Methacrylate (PMMA), free software and rapid prototyping. The design process starts with data image acquisition from high resolution CT scans of a patient defect, the image is segmented carefully using 3DSlicer and then exported as a cloud point format. Subsequently, the reconstruction of the defect the design of the implant was carried out using the software Blender. To avoid interference with the surrounding tissue of the skull, it is necessary to create an internal offset between the implant and cranial bony contour, ranging from 0.8 to 1 mm. The mold consisted of two parts, considering the injection and vent holes in the design, that were printed using a 3D printer machine with rigid and flexible filaments. A manual syringe was used to prepare and inject the bone cement into the molds that were covered with release agent. The design of the implant and molds took 2.6 hours on average for each subject, the printing cost of the molds, the skull phantom and the syringe mixer was approximately $86, the bone cement was $ 315.0 per case without including the CT and the 3D designer expert costs. The method presented in this work has been applied to ten patients who had skull defect from 36 to 100 cm3. The implants were secured into position with metal fixation system. The surgical procedure took on average about 2 hours. Therefore, by using this procedure, surgeons have a flexible option for preoperatively implant preparing and building with excellent anatomic geometry, optimal fit and a stable reconstruction, reducing significantly the cost, surgical time and risk.
{"title":"Pre-operative patient-specific alloplastic implant design and manufacturing: cranioplasty application","authors":"Francis R. Loayza, Juan Sola-Mora, Livingston Castro-Valladares, Jaqueline Litardo, Luis Nuñez-Idrovo, H. Mora","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580310","url":null,"abstract":"Cranial defects are often result of decompressive craniotomies performed after brain injuries, tumor extraction and trauma, leaving patients with severe functional and aesthetic problems. The partially or total reconstruction (cranioplasty) is expensive, especially for low-income patients. The standard protocol is to use the pre-fabricated implants made of titanium or Peek using complex CNC machines. In this work we present a method for design and build a low cost alloplastic implants using the commercial bone cement based on Polymethyl-Methacrylate (PMMA), free software and rapid prototyping. The design process starts with data image acquisition from high resolution CT scans of a patient defect, the image is segmented carefully using 3DSlicer and then exported as a cloud point format. Subsequently, the reconstruction of the defect the design of the implant was carried out using the software Blender. To avoid interference with the surrounding tissue of the skull, it is necessary to create an internal offset between the implant and cranial bony contour, ranging from 0.8 to 1 mm. The mold consisted of two parts, considering the injection and vent holes in the design, that were printed using a 3D printer machine with rigid and flexible filaments. A manual syringe was used to prepare and inject the bone cement into the molds that were covered with release agent. The design of the implant and molds took 2.6 hours on average for each subject, the printing cost of the molds, the skull phantom and the syringe mixer was approximately $86, the bone cement was $ 315.0 per case without including the CT and the 3D designer expert costs. The method presented in this work has been applied to ten patients who had skull defect from 36 to 100 cm3. The implants were secured into position with metal fixation system. The surgical procedure took on average about 2 hours. Therefore, by using this procedure, surgeons have a flexible option for preoperatively implant preparing and building with excellent anatomic geometry, optimal fit and a stable reconstruction, reducing significantly the cost, surgical time and risk.","PeriodicalId":334574,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Third Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134183202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/etcm.2018.8580311
Eliseo Chávez-Alarcon, A. Roman-Gonzalez
{"title":"Analysis of Vehicle Flow Using Auto Vehicle Counting","authors":"Eliseo Chávez-Alarcon, A. Roman-Gonzalez","doi":"10.1109/etcm.2018.8580311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/etcm.2018.8580311","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":334574,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Third Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114566501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580296
Jéssica Morales Carrillo, J. Parraga-Alava
The success of higher education institutions can be measured by the students performance. Identifying preferences, factors or behaviours that increase the academic success rate of students is helpful since it can aid educational decision makers to adequately plan actions to promote their success outcomes. In this paper, we determine academic success of students of the ESPAM MFL through decision trees based algorithms as a preliminary approach. We use three built classifiers: C5.0, Random Forest and CART which are applied on a dataset with 1086 instances corresponding to personal and academic information about professionalizing subjects of students from the Computer Science Career. We train and test the algorithms considering the academic success as a multi-class classification problem, where each student has a performance mutually exclusive: Acceptable, Good, Excellent. We evaluate the algorithms verifying their classification capacity through performance metrics for classification problems. Finally, the CART algorithm was considered as the best algorithm based on its performance. The highest classification metrics values achieved by it are accuracy = 52%, precision=49% and recall=53%.
{"title":"How Predicting The Academic Success of Students of the ESPAM MFL?: A Preliminary Decision Trees Based Study","authors":"Jéssica Morales Carrillo, J. Parraga-Alava","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580296","url":null,"abstract":"The success of higher education institutions can be measured by the students performance. Identifying preferences, factors or behaviours that increase the academic success rate of students is helpful since it can aid educational decision makers to adequately plan actions to promote their success outcomes. In this paper, we determine academic success of students of the ESPAM MFL through decision trees based algorithms as a preliminary approach. We use three built classifiers: C5.0, Random Forest and CART which are applied on a dataset with 1086 instances corresponding to personal and academic information about professionalizing subjects of students from the Computer Science Career. We train and test the algorithms considering the academic success as a multi-class classification problem, where each student has a performance mutually exclusive: Acceptable, Good, Excellent. We evaluate the algorithms verifying their classification capacity through performance metrics for classification problems. Finally, the CART algorithm was considered as the best algorithm based on its performance. The highest classification metrics values achieved by it are accuracy = 52%, precision=49% and recall=53%.","PeriodicalId":334574,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Third Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127498161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580263
E. Acurio, L. Trojman, F. Crupi, F. Iucolano, N. Ronchi, B. de Jaeger, B. Bakeroot, S. Decoutere
This paper analyzes two important reliability issues in AlGaN/GaN devices: positive bias temperature instability (PBTI) and time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB). The summarized results of our previous PBTI studies in MOS-HEMTs show that the threshold voltage degradation in devices with SiO2 as gate dielectric is characterized by a universal decreasing behavior of the trapping rate parameter and is ascribed to charge trapping in the SiO2 and at the SiO2/GaN interface. On the contrary, the degradation observed in Al2O3- and AlN/Al2O3-gate stacks is mainly attributed to charge capture in the pre-existing dielectric traps with a negligible interface state generation. Additionally, the insertion of a thin AlN layer impacts on the device reliability because larger trap density, faster charge trapping, wider trap energy distribution and slower charge release are observed compared with devices without this layer. The dielectric importance of GaN-based devices has been also investigated in Schottky Barrier Diodes (SBDs) with a gated edge termination (GET). Our recent TDDB results indicate a narrower Weibull distribution, and a longer time to failure in devices with a double GET layer structure and with a thick passivation layer (2 GET-THICK) than in single GET devices with a thin passivation (1 GET-THIN). Therefore, the former structure is more suitable for high-power and high-temperature applications.
{"title":"Reliability in GaN-based devices for power applications","authors":"E. Acurio, L. Trojman, F. Crupi, F. Iucolano, N. Ronchi, B. de Jaeger, B. Bakeroot, S. Decoutere","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580263","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes two important reliability issues in AlGaN/GaN devices: positive bias temperature instability (PBTI) and time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB). The summarized results of our previous PBTI studies in MOS-HEMTs show that the threshold voltage degradation in devices with SiO2 as gate dielectric is characterized by a universal decreasing behavior of the trapping rate parameter and is ascribed to charge trapping in the SiO2 and at the SiO2/GaN interface. On the contrary, the degradation observed in Al2O3- and AlN/Al2O3-gate stacks is mainly attributed to charge capture in the pre-existing dielectric traps with a negligible interface state generation. Additionally, the insertion of a thin AlN layer impacts on the device reliability because larger trap density, faster charge trapping, wider trap energy distribution and slower charge release are observed compared with devices without this layer. The dielectric importance of GaN-based devices has been also investigated in Schottky Barrier Diodes (SBDs) with a gated edge termination (GET). Our recent TDDB results indicate a narrower Weibull distribution, and a longer time to failure in devices with a double GET layer structure and with a thick passivation layer (2 GET-THICK) than in single GET devices with a thin passivation (1 GET-THIN). Therefore, the former structure is more suitable for high-power and high-temperature applications.","PeriodicalId":334574,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Third Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"104 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121059040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580303
Felipe Astudillo, Jose Charry, Ismael Minchala, Sara Wong
Electromyographic (EMG) signals processing allows to perform the detection of the intention of movement of the limbs of the human body in order to further use this decision to control wearable devices. For instance, robotic exoskeletons main objective consist of a human-robot interface capable of understanding the user’s intention and reacting appropriately to provide the required assistance in an opportune way. In this paper, we study the performance of superficial EMG intended to design a intent pattern recognition based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) trained by the Levenberg-Marquardt method. Experiments consisting in 231 EMG records corresponding to 13 lower limbs muscles from 21 healthy subjects were considered. The EMG signals were randomly divided into the following sets: 70 % for training, 15 % for validation and 15 % for evaluation. The ANN-based pattern recognition was evaluated sample per sample with the movement intention annotations (target) and after the traininig operation end, the performance was evaluated in relation to the events (number of steps). The results show an accuracy of 90,96% sample per sample and 94,88% for an based on events evaluation. These findings motivates the use of this methodology for the classification of the motion intention detection in subjects with pathologies in the lower limbs.
{"title":"Lower limbs motion intention detection by using pattern recognition","authors":"Felipe Astudillo, Jose Charry, Ismael Minchala, Sara Wong","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580303","url":null,"abstract":"Electromyographic (EMG) signals processing allows to perform the detection of the intention of movement of the limbs of the human body in order to further use this decision to control wearable devices. For instance, robotic exoskeletons main objective consist of a human-robot interface capable of understanding the user’s intention and reacting appropriately to provide the required assistance in an opportune way. In this paper, we study the performance of superficial EMG intended to design a intent pattern recognition based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) trained by the Levenberg-Marquardt method. Experiments consisting in 231 EMG records corresponding to 13 lower limbs muscles from 21 healthy subjects were considered. The EMG signals were randomly divided into the following sets: 70 % for training, 15 % for validation and 15 % for evaluation. The ANN-based pattern recognition was evaluated sample per sample with the movement intention annotations (target) and after the traininig operation end, the performance was evaluated in relation to the events (number of steps). The results show an accuracy of 90,96% sample per sample and 94,88% for an based on events evaluation. These findings motivates the use of this methodology for the classification of the motion intention detection in subjects with pathologies in the lower limbs.","PeriodicalId":334574,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Third Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"05 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130677631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580322
P. Rosero-Montalvo, José Pijal-Rojas, Carlos Vásquez-Ayala, Edgar Maya, C. Pupiales, L. Suárez, Henry Benitez-Pereira, D. H. Peluffo-Ordóñez
The present wireless sensor network system shows a data analysis approach within greenhouses in short cycle crops. This research, on the one hand, is carried out to reduce water consumption and improve the product by predicting the right moment of the irrigation cycle through the evapotranspiration criterion. On the other hand, an efficient electronic system is designed under the electronic standard. To define the best model to define the next irrigation in the crops in base to ground humidity, the algorithms are compared for continuous and discontinuous multivariate regressions. The results are evaluated with different criteria of prediction errors. As a result, the linear regression with Support Vector Machine model is chosen for counting an average deviation error of 7.89% and an error variability of 4.48%. In addition, water consumption is reduced by 20%, achieving better quality products.
{"title":"Wireless Sensor Networks for Irrigation in Crops Using Multivariate Regression Models","authors":"P. Rosero-Montalvo, José Pijal-Rojas, Carlos Vásquez-Ayala, Edgar Maya, C. Pupiales, L. Suárez, Henry Benitez-Pereira, D. H. Peluffo-Ordóñez","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580322","url":null,"abstract":"The present wireless sensor network system shows a data analysis approach within greenhouses in short cycle crops. This research, on the one hand, is carried out to reduce water consumption and improve the product by predicting the right moment of the irrigation cycle through the evapotranspiration criterion. On the other hand, an efficient electronic system is designed under the electronic standard. To define the best model to define the next irrigation in the crops in base to ground humidity, the algorithms are compared for continuous and discontinuous multivariate regressions. The results are evaluated with different criteria of prediction errors. As a result, the linear regression with Support Vector Machine model is chosen for counting an average deviation error of 7.89% and an error variability of 4.48%. In addition, water consumption is reduced by 20%, achieving better quality products.","PeriodicalId":334574,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Third Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132693121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580292
Rubén Hidalgo-León, Javier Urquizo, J. Macías, D. Siguenza, Pritpal Singh, Jinsong Wu, Guillermo Soriano
This paper provides a comprehensive overview of some key energy harvesting technologies and their applications in buildings. Energy consumption in buildings has attracted much attention in recent years as it is one of the fastest growing sectors for electrical energy consumption worldwide. Furthermore, the continuing growth of the population produces an increased demand for electrical energy to deliver their daily activities, especially in buildings. Consequently, alternative energy generation and energy saving technologies are required in order to meet the projected increase in the demand in coming years. Many researchers have shown that buildings have great potential for energy harvesting and saving initiatives. Energy harvesting technologies appear as a combination of electronic, mechanical, photoelectric, piezoelectric, and thermoelectric processes that collect energy from the environment. The aforementioned technologies have the potential to reduce the amount of electric cabling in buildings as well as extend the service-life of batteries used in different applications in buildings. Some of these technologies have already been implemented commercially, while others are still in the experimental phase. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of different energy harvesting technologies and their application for commercial, educational, and residential buildings and their environments. A comprehensive overview of the different technologies, a discussion on relevant challenges and several implementations of these devices in buildings and their surroundings will be analyzed.
{"title":"Energy Harvesting Technologies: Analysis of their potential for supplying power to sensors in buildings","authors":"Rubén Hidalgo-León, Javier Urquizo, J. Macías, D. Siguenza, Pritpal Singh, Jinsong Wu, Guillermo Soriano","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580292","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a comprehensive overview of some key energy harvesting technologies and their applications in buildings. Energy consumption in buildings has attracted much attention in recent years as it is one of the fastest growing sectors for electrical energy consumption worldwide. Furthermore, the continuing growth of the population produces an increased demand for electrical energy to deliver their daily activities, especially in buildings. Consequently, alternative energy generation and energy saving technologies are required in order to meet the projected increase in the demand in coming years. Many researchers have shown that buildings have great potential for energy harvesting and saving initiatives. Energy harvesting technologies appear as a combination of electronic, mechanical, photoelectric, piezoelectric, and thermoelectric processes that collect energy from the environment. The aforementioned technologies have the potential to reduce the amount of electric cabling in buildings as well as extend the service-life of batteries used in different applications in buildings. Some of these technologies have already been implemented commercially, while others are still in the experimental phase. This study aims to analyze the feasibility of different energy harvesting technologies and their application for commercial, educational, and residential buildings and their environments. A comprehensive overview of the different technologies, a discussion on relevant challenges and several implementations of these devices in buildings and their surroundings will be analyzed.","PeriodicalId":334574,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Third Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132053854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580338
Carlos A. Garcia, Salazar-L. Franklin, Christian Mariño, Williams R. Villalba, Marcelo V. García
Current industrial needs are focused in the generation of agile, flexible, and customizable manufacturing systems. To be able to cope with the high production diversities and the frequent demand changes of the market, enterprises tend to implement modular manufacturing processes. In this type of intelligent processes, robotic cells are usually integrated to perform complex manipulation and transportation tasks. New generation industrial robots are built incorporating special processing units which can operate under embedded software. This characteristic allows robots to be compatible with the automation standard IEC-61499. It proposes a generic distributed architecture for the generation of flexible and modular production systems, with the requirement of using controller devices which can work under an embedded software. This paper proposes the development of a low-cost robotic controller compatible with IEC-61499. The system is based on the use of a robotic cell to wield elements in a modular manufacturing line. The cell is composed by a YouBot Robotic Arm operating under the control of the development board Raspberry Pi 3B.
{"title":"Design of Flexible Cyber-Physical Production Systems Architecture for Industrial Robot Control","authors":"Carlos A. Garcia, Salazar-L. Franklin, Christian Mariño, Williams R. Villalba, Marcelo V. García","doi":"10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ETCM.2018.8580338","url":null,"abstract":"Current industrial needs are focused in the generation of agile, flexible, and customizable manufacturing systems. To be able to cope with the high production diversities and the frequent demand changes of the market, enterprises tend to implement modular manufacturing processes. In this type of intelligent processes, robotic cells are usually integrated to perform complex manipulation and transportation tasks. New generation industrial robots are built incorporating special processing units which can operate under embedded software. This characteristic allows robots to be compatible with the automation standard IEC-61499. It proposes a generic distributed architecture for the generation of flexible and modular production systems, with the requirement of using controller devices which can work under an embedded software. This paper proposes the development of a low-cost robotic controller compatible with IEC-61499. The system is based on the use of a robotic cell to wield elements in a modular manufacturing line. The cell is composed by a YouBot Robotic Arm operating under the control of the development board Raspberry Pi 3B.","PeriodicalId":334574,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Third Ecuador Technical Chapters Meeting (ETCM)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126947384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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