This paper presents a literature review and a specification for a Cost-Benefit model applied to substance abuse treatment programs. It is important in adapting a model that is not only theoretically and methodologically sound, but also seeks to utilize the best existing cost benefit analysis techniques. Ideas, concepts, and procedures found in other studies are used to support the model developed. Model specification involves the determination of the appropriate variables and statistical techniques, keeping in mind the data most readily available from the programs intended for analysis. Cost-benefit analysis is commonly used to provide guidance to policy makers when considering appropriate projects to fund.
{"title":"Cost- Benefit Model For Substance Abuse Treatment Programs","authors":"C. Parker, Tom Johansen","doi":"10.58809/jaep5188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58809/jaep5188","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a literature review and a specification for a Cost-Benefit model applied to substance abuse treatment programs. It is important in adapting a model that is not only theoretically and methodologically sound, but also seeks to utilize the best existing cost benefit analysis techniques. Ideas, concepts, and procedures found in other studies are used to support the model developed. Model specification involves the determination of the appropriate variables and statistical techniques, keeping in mind the data most readily available from the programs intended for analysis. Cost-benefit analysis is commonly used to provide guidance to policy makers when considering appropriate projects to fund.","PeriodicalId":335449,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business and Leadership","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129771604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moral imagination (MI) is described as the ability to challenge operative worldviews in order to discover new ways of framing ethical problems and moral perspective taking. Because operative worldviews can contain implicit bias, MI helps individuals reach beyond their own "ways of knowing" to seek alternative perspectives and find innovative ways to solve ethical problems. This article describes a graduate level ethics curriculum designed to develop moral imagination in leadership students, and ultimately help them make ethical decisions within the context of their organizations. The article also reports results of a concurrent, evaluative qualitative study designed to gather student reflections as they attempt to learn and apply moral imagination in practice.
{"title":"Teaching Ethics: Expanding Ethical Perspectives By Cultivating Moral Imagination","authors":"A. Popa, B. Kingsley","doi":"10.58809/iecb7586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58809/iecb7586","url":null,"abstract":"Moral imagination (MI) is described as the ability to challenge operative worldviews in order to discover new ways of framing ethical problems and moral perspective taking. Because operative worldviews can contain implicit bias, MI helps individuals reach beyond their own \"ways of knowing\" to seek alternative perspectives and find innovative ways to solve ethical problems. This article describes a graduate level ethics curriculum designed to develop moral imagination in leadership students, and ultimately help them make ethical decisions within the context of their organizations. The article also reports results of a concurrent, evaluative qualitative study designed to gather student reflections as they attempt to learn and apply moral imagination in practice.","PeriodicalId":335449,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business and Leadership","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128291923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During the 1990s, the U.S. experienced a shift in job creation: large U.S. businesses laid off approximately 10 million workers, while entrepreneurs and small businesses created 20 million jobs during the same decade. Given this shift in job creation, it is clear that entrepreneurship is the new foundation of the U.S. economy. Rural communities, in particular, should be concerned about stimulating entrepreneurship given current challenges, such as declining and aging populations, loss of traditional industry, and declining wages. Entrepreneurial development is vital to the future success and growth of rural economies. The purpose of this study is to report the results of a survey which measured the entrepreneurial capacity of students at a university in rural Kansas. We then draw conclusions about the role universities can play in developing students to become entrepreneurs and creating innovative communities.
{"title":"Assessing Student Entrepreneurial Capacity: Implications For Rural Communities and Higher Education","authors":"M. C. Martin, Henry Schwaller Iv","doi":"10.58809/lbjd8313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58809/lbjd8313","url":null,"abstract":"During the 1990s, the U.S. experienced a shift in job creation: large U.S. businesses laid off approximately 10 million workers, while entrepreneurs and small businesses created 20 million jobs during the same decade. Given this shift in job creation, it is clear that entrepreneurship is the new foundation of the U.S. economy. Rural communities, in particular, should be concerned about stimulating entrepreneurship given current challenges, such as declining and aging populations, loss of traditional industry, and declining wages. Entrepreneurial development is vital to the future success and growth of rural economies. The purpose of this study is to report the results of a survey which measured the entrepreneurial capacity of students at a university in rural Kansas. We then draw conclusions about the role universities can play in developing students to become entrepreneurs and creating innovative communities.","PeriodicalId":335449,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business and Leadership","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129993873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A study was performed on the managerial staff and supervisors of a large manufacturing plant (n = 129) to measure individuals’ commitment to the organization’s values. A Behavioral Observation Scale (BOS) measurement instrument was developed by the members of the organization and was administered using a 360 degree valuation process. Results indicated good scale reliability and consistency. A factor analysis of the data yielded 4 distinct factors, which corresponded reasonably well to the underlying organizational values. Implications for future research and for the evaluation of organizational values for practicing managers are discussed.
{"title":"Do Managers Walk The Talk? Using Behavioral Observations Scales (BOS) and 360-Degree Ratings To Assess Organizational Values","authors":"Aaron A. Buchko, Kathleen J. Buchko","doi":"10.58809/xcbt3406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58809/xcbt3406","url":null,"abstract":"A study was performed on the managerial staff and supervisors of a large manufacturing plant (n = 129) to measure individuals’ commitment to the organization’s values. A Behavioral Observation Scale (BOS) measurement instrument was developed by the members of the organization and was administered using a 360 degree valuation process. Results indicated good scale reliability and consistency. A factor analysis of the data yielded 4 distinct factors, which corresponded reasonably well to the underlying organizational values. Implications for future research and for the evaluation of organizational values for practicing managers are discussed.","PeriodicalId":335449,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business and Leadership","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122370555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Equity options are listed on the American Stock Exchange Board Options Exchange, Philadelphia Stock Exchange, Pacific Stock Exchange, International Securities Exchange, and Boston Stock Exchange. This study identified the criteria for selection of options for listing over tile August-September 1999, 2000-2002, and 2003-2005 periods. Trading volume and size were the primary selection criteria for all three periods. Volatility was a selection criterion during the preperiod (1 997- 1998) only. No clearly defined selection criteria emerged for listings on the third exchange in 2000-2002 or on two or three exchanging in 2003-2005.
{"title":"Listing Criteria For The Multiple Listing of Equity Options","authors":"R. Abraham, Charles W. Harrington","doi":"10.58809/fbup8584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58809/fbup8584","url":null,"abstract":"Equity options are listed on the American Stock Exchange Board Options Exchange, Philadelphia Stock Exchange, Pacific Stock Exchange, International Securities Exchange, and Boston Stock Exchange. This study identified the criteria for selection of options for listing over tile August-September 1999, 2000-2002, and 2003-2005 periods. Trading volume and size were the primary selection criteria for all three periods. Volatility was a selection criterion during the preperiod (1 997- 1998) only. No clearly defined selection criteria emerged for listings on the third exchange in 2000-2002 or on two or three exchanging in 2003-2005.","PeriodicalId":335449,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business and Leadership","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121036543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At the core of a successful not-for-profit organization (NFP) must be an effective board of directors. A reasonable approach to building a more effective board includes ensuring the board has a high level of participation among its members and that the focus of their participation is concentrated on governance. It is not a new notion that board orientation programs can create a climate that facilitates high board participation that is focused on governance; however, in this article, I offer what may be a new vision for developing and managing board orientation programs. The proposed model includes NFP-specific and general board training content that one would expect to find in a orientation program for new board members. In addition, it includes three factors which may make it distinct: 1) teaching a board member shared beliefs or “truths” that can enhance their perceived ability to govern; 2) creating a dialogue through which a board member can articulate his or her perceived needs and obstacles to fully participate; and. 3) implementing a process for the NFP to be responsive to board member needs and obstacles so board participation increases. The research study presented in this paper tests the efficacy of the proposed orientation model. The results are discussed and implications for best practices for NFPs are suggested.
{"title":"Engaged Model of Board orientation","authors":"Santo D. Marabella","doi":"10.58809/ruhz6109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58809/ruhz6109","url":null,"abstract":"At the core of a successful not-for-profit organization (NFP) must be an effective board of directors. A reasonable approach to building a more effective board includes ensuring the board has a high level of participation among its members and that the focus of their participation is concentrated on governance. It is not a new notion that board orientation programs can create a climate that facilitates high board participation that is focused on governance; however, in this article, I offer what may be a new vision for developing and managing board orientation programs. The proposed model includes NFP-specific and general board training content that one would expect to find in a orientation program for new board members. In addition, it includes three factors which may make it distinct: 1) teaching a board member shared beliefs or “truths” that can enhance their perceived ability to govern; 2) creating a dialogue through which a board member can articulate his or her perceived needs and obstacles to fully participate; and. 3) implementing a process for the NFP to be responsive to board member needs and obstacles so board participation increases. The research study presented in this paper tests the efficacy of the proposed orientation model. The results are discussed and implications for best practices for NFPs are suggested.","PeriodicalId":335449,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business and Leadership","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134148194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, the relationship between transparency and trust is hypothesized and investigated. Furthermore, the positive emotions variable was hypothesized to mediate the transparency and trust relationship. Participants’ perceptions of a leader’s transparency were more predictive of trust than experimenter designed manipulations. Study limitations, implications for management, and future research directions are discussed.
{"title":"Transparency, Translucence of Opacity? A Field Investigation of The Mediating Role of Positive Emotions In Trustful Leader-Follower Relations","authors":"L. Hughes, W. Gardner, Steven M. Norman","doi":"10.58809/aadf4560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58809/aadf4560","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the relationship between transparency and trust is hypothesized and investigated. Furthermore, the positive emotions variable was hypothesized to mediate the transparency and trust relationship. Participants’ perceptions of a leader’s transparency were more predictive of trust than experimenter designed manipulations. Study limitations, implications for management, and future research directions are discussed.","PeriodicalId":335449,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business and Leadership","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122259853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bryant C. Mitchell, L. Fredendall, Stephen Cantrell
In service firms performance is contingent upon the operations strategy being pursued. However, little research has been reported which empirically examines the implementation of operations strategy in service firms. We argue that implementing fill operation strategy in service is primarily done through the use of human resources. We then test the proposition that in service firms the most effective operations managers are the ones that make the most effective use of their human resources. This paper develop measures of strategic implementation and tests hypotheses about the effect of strategic implementation on firm performance using published data from the National Basketball Association.
{"title":"Measuring Managerial Effectiveness During The Implementation of Service Strategies","authors":"Bryant C. Mitchell, L. Fredendall, Stephen Cantrell","doi":"10.58809/ytnm5678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58809/ytnm5678","url":null,"abstract":"In service firms performance is contingent upon the operations strategy being pursued. However, little research has been reported which empirically examines the implementation of operations strategy in service firms. We argue that implementing fill operation strategy in service is primarily done through the use of human resources. We then test the proposition that in service firms the most effective operations managers are the ones that make the most effective use of their human resources. This paper develop measures of strategic implementation and tests hypotheses about the effect of strategic implementation on firm performance using published data from the National Basketball Association.","PeriodicalId":335449,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business and Leadership","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121958939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lawrence S. Silver, R. Stevens, K. E. Clow, K. Campbell
Textbooks are an integral component of the higher education process. However, a great deal of concern about the high costs of college textbooks has been expressed by those inside and outside of higher education. This paper focuses on the results of a study of the differences in Management and Marketing professors' criteria and use of textbooks and their reactions to some of the changes that have been implemented or may be implemented by universities, state legislatures, and publishers to combat these cost escalations. Findings suggest that management and marketing instructors, particularly those with years of experience, acknowledge the concerns their students have over high textbook prices. They are willing to have legislation enacted to force changes in the marketing of the textbooks by publishers, but they do not want university policies that (from their perspective) restrict their choices for texts. Nor are they in favor of possible publisher cost saving strategies that appear to add administrative burdens on faculty involved in the adoption process.
{"title":"Differences In Management and Marketing Professors' Perspectives On The Rising Cost of College Textbooks","authors":"Lawrence S. Silver, R. Stevens, K. E. Clow, K. Campbell","doi":"10.58809/zdto2928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58809/zdto2928","url":null,"abstract":"Textbooks are an integral component of the higher education process. However, a great deal of concern about the high costs of college textbooks has been expressed by those inside and outside of higher education. This paper focuses on the results of a study of the differences in Management and Marketing professors' criteria and use of textbooks and their reactions to some of the changes that have been implemented or may be implemented by universities, state legislatures, and publishers to combat these cost escalations. Findings suggest that management and marketing instructors, particularly those with years of experience, acknowledge the concerns their students have over high textbook prices. They are willing to have legislation enacted to force changes in the marketing of the textbooks by publishers, but they do not want university policies that (from their perspective) restrict their choices for texts. Nor are they in favor of possible publisher cost saving strategies that appear to add administrative burdens on faculty involved in the adoption process.","PeriodicalId":335449,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business and Leadership","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121491111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was undertaken to explore the relationship between supportive climate and organizational commitment as mediated by trust and employee engagement. In a field test of 243 engineers and technicians from a Fortune 100 multinational firm, participants completed surveys about their organization's supportive climate, trust in their organization's leadership, affective organizational commitment, and engagement. Support for all hypotheses was found: (1) positive relationship between supportive climate and organizational commitment, and both (2) trust and (3) employee engagement mediated the climate-commitment relationship. Limitations of this study include generalizability of findings and common method bias. In human capital intensive industries, the value of human resources is measured in behavioral manifestations (e.g. turnover) of low trust, engagement, commitment, and a less than supportive work environment. By understanding the relationships among those variables managers can actively manage their human capital.
{"title":"A Study of Supportive Climate, Trust, Engagement and organizational Commitment","authors":"L. Hughes, James Avey, Steven M. Norman","doi":"10.58809/boou2138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58809/boou2138","url":null,"abstract":"This study was undertaken to explore the relationship between supportive climate and organizational commitment as mediated by trust and employee engagement. In a field test of 243 engineers and technicians from a Fortune 100 multinational firm, participants completed surveys about their organization's supportive climate, trust in their organization's leadership, affective organizational commitment, and engagement. Support for all hypotheses was found: (1) positive relationship between supportive climate and organizational commitment, and both (2) trust and (3) employee engagement mediated the climate-commitment relationship. Limitations of this study include generalizability of findings and common method bias. In human capital intensive industries, the value of human resources is measured in behavioral manifestations (e.g. turnover) of low trust, engagement, commitment, and a less than supportive work environment. By understanding the relationships among those variables managers can actively manage their human capital.","PeriodicalId":335449,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Business and Leadership","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123555042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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