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DARI MONOPOLI HINGGA PELABUHAN BEBAS: AKTIVITAS PERDAGANGAN DI KARESIDENAN TERNATE 1854-1930 从垄断到自由港:KARESIDENAN TERNATE 1854-1930的商业活动
Pub Date : 2019-10-03 DOI: 10.22146/sasdayajournal.50351
Rustam Hasim
This paper discusses trading practices conducted in the Ternate Residency after the Dutch turned the port in the residence as a free port in 1854. In line with this policy, several major export and import materials supported the growth of the port meanwhile clove commodities did not become superior goods due to Hongotochten and extirpate policies in the VOC period. This fact shows that the policy of turning into the free port in 1854 was not only apart of the intention to control the economic resources within Ternate Area, but also to create Ternate as a colonial area under the Dutch’s control. This, in fact, opened a new chapter for trading activities in the region. The purpose of this policy is to attract and concentrate the commercial activities of the indigenous population to the free port under the supervision of the Dutch colonial for they hoped to prevent an indigenous merchant from establishing trade relations with other European nations. This study found that in 1854 the Dutch government made Ternate a free port is the implementation of a free port as the first step to protect economic interests, besides it is intended to place the Dutch in maintaining trade control in the territory of the colony.    
本文讨论了荷兰人于1854年将特尔纳特居留地的港口变为自由港后在特尔纳特居留地进行的贸易行为。根据这一政策,几种主要的进出口物资支持了港口的增长,同时由于VOC时期的红火和灭绝政策,丁香商品没有成为优质商品。这一事实说明,1854年转变为自由港的政策不仅是出于控制Ternate地区经济资源的意图,而且是为了将Ternate地区打造为荷兰人控制的殖民地区。事实上,这为该地区的贸易活动开启了新的篇章。这一政策的目的是为了吸引和集中土著居民的商业活动到荷兰殖民地监督下的自由港,因为他们希望阻止土著商人与其他欧洲国家建立贸易关系。本研究发现,1854年荷兰政府将特尔纳特定为自由港是作为保护经济利益的第一步实施自由港,除此之外还意在将荷兰置于维持对殖民地领土贸易控制的地位。
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引用次数: 3
REPRODUKSI NARASI TENTANG KEPAHLAWAN SOEHARTO: STUDI REPRESENTASI DI MUSEUM H.M. SOEHARTO 关于苏哈托英雄的再现叙事:宣泄对苏哈托博物馆的表示性研究
Pub Date : 2019-10-03 DOI: 10.22146/sasdayajournal.50347
Ayu Dipta Kirana
The museum have the vision to become a media with the message and knowledge to share with a visitor. The vision of museum could be knowledge of museums representing national identity, culture, history, or biography of a public figures. The representation from one of a famous figure in Indonesia could we see in museum called Museum H.M. Soeharto. These articles aim to discover how the museum will work on Sang Bapak’s representation in the museum’s narration which are shown not only by a very lengthy text display but also on the attribute or object that scattered around in the museum’s yard. A whole object collection in museum will work based from the vision and aim of the museum. In the museum context, it called musealisation. It means that all the object collections are separated from their social context in real life then it enters the context of the museum so it will work based from the story or vision that made by what curator want and re-create the hero’s narration of Soeharto.
博物馆的愿景是成为与游客分享信息和知识的媒体。博物馆的愿景可以是代表国家认同、文化、历史或公众人物传记的博物馆知识。我们可以在一个叫H.M.苏哈托的博物馆里看到印尼一位著名人物的画像。这些文章旨在探索博物馆将如何在博物馆的叙述中呈现Sang Bapak的表现,这些叙述不仅通过非常长的文字展示,而且还通过散落在博物馆院子里的属性或物体来展示。博物馆的整个藏品都是以博物馆的愿景和目标为基础的。在博物馆的语境中,这被称为“博物馆化”。这意味着所有的藏品都是从现实生活中的社会背景中分离出来的然后进入博物馆的背景所以它将根据馆长想要的故事或愿景工作并重新创造苏哈托的英雄叙述。
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引用次数: 1
KELAHIRAN MUHAMMADIYAH DARI PERSPEKTIF HERMENEUTIK 从解释性的角度来看,MUHAMMADIYAH的出生
Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.22146/sasdayajournal.43886
S. Suwarno
This article discusses the birth of Muhammadiyah from a hermeneutic perspective, especially from Gadamer. Ahmad Dahlan founded Muhammadiyah on 18 November 1912 based on the knowledge of the idea of modern Islamic reform and understanding and concern about the real condition of Muslims who was hit by poverty, ignorance and backwardness. Ahmad Dahlan has a high historical awareness to change the traditions of society which were covered by the syncretic Islamic tradition that produces superstitious culture and traditionalist Islam that produces heretical and khurafat cultures towards Islamic purification and the dynamism of Islamic society. Ahmad Dahlan's historical awareness was sustained by his strong temperament, firm stance and his courage to break the tradition of perverts.
本文从解释学的角度,特别是从伽达默尔的角度来讨论穆罕默迪亚的诞生。艾哈迈德·达赫兰于1912年11月18日基于对现代伊斯兰改革思想的了解以及对遭受贫困、无知和落后打击的穆斯林真实状况的理解和关注,创立了穆罕默德派。Ahmad Dahlan具有高度的历史意识来改变社会的传统,这些传统被融合的伊斯兰传统所覆盖,产生了迷信文化和传统伊斯兰教,产生了异端和胡拉法特文化,走向伊斯兰净化和伊斯兰社会的活力。艾哈迈德·达赫兰的历史意识是由他坚强的气质、坚定的立场和打破变态传统的勇气所支撑的。
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引用次数: 5
GAFATAR DAN DINAMIKA GERAKAN SOSIALNYA -过氧化氢和社会运动动力学
Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.22146/SASDAYAJOURNAL.43887
Enkin Asrawijaya
Gafatar is a form of community upheaval in Indonesia in the current reform era. Issues surrounding the ideology and the attempts of treason case became the problem that caused Gafatar to lose the masses of the public. Gafatar has the concept of food self-sufficiency which is then implemented in a peasant movement as its criticism of the government. To explain the dynamics of the Gafatar social movement, used the theory of McAdam et al, about Political Opportunities, Mobilizing Structures, and Cultural Framings. The political opportunity arises from the distrust of government programs that have been offered to the people who are deemed to be ineffective. Mobilizing Structur Gafatar movement is manifested through the formation of the organization, forming a network of cooperation and collective action. While cultural framing, created through the issues addressed to Gafatar causing the formation of negative stigma in society.
Gafatar是印尼当前改革时代的一种社区动荡形式。围绕意识形态的问题和叛国罪的企图成为导致Gafatar失去广大公众的问题。Gafatar有粮食自给自足的概念,然后在农民运动中实施,作为对政府的批评。为了解释卡塔尔社会运动的动力,使用了麦克亚当等人关于政治机会、动员结构和文化框架的理论。这个政治机会来自于人们对政府提供给人们的那些被认为无效的项目的不信任。动员结构运动表现为组织的形成,形成合作和集体行动的网络。而文化框架,通过对问题的处理造成了社会上负面污名的形成。
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引用次数: 3
Keberlanjutan 可持续性
Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.22146/sasdayajournal.43882
Bambang Purwanto
Berkelanjutan, merupakan sebuah kata yang selalu menantang setiap insan akademik yang mengelola sebuah jurnal ilmiah seperti Sasdaya ini. Sejak edisi pertama terbit pada akhir tahun 2016, kata itu terus mengusik para pengelola. Namun ketika optimisme dan selalu berpikir positif berpadu dengan komitmen, tantangan itu ternyata mampu menghasilkan buah semangat untuk terus bekerja dari waktu ke waktu menghadirkan edisi demi edisi. Kepercayaan diri terus tumbuh untuk memperbaiki dan memantapkan pengelolaan jurnal, sehingga tantangan lain  agar jurnal berstatus terakreditasi dan terindeks pada pangkalan data ilmiah baik nasional maupun internasional menjadi sesuatu yang tidak lagi dianggap berlebihan. Berbagai dukungan yang telah diberikan baik oleh Fakultas Ilmu Budaya maupun Universitas Gadjah Mada selama ini, semakin memperjuta tekad para pengelola untuk meningkatkan kinerja, mutu, dan status jurnal ini.
可持续发展,这个词总是挑战任何一个学术学者管理像萨沙这样的科学杂志。自2016年底第一版出版以来,这个词一直困扰着管理人员。然而,当乐观和积极思考与承诺相结合时,这些挑战证明能够产生一种持续工作的精神果实,为每一期提供动力。信心继续增长,以改善和稳定《华尔街日报》的管理,这使得在国家和国际科学数据基础上获得认证和索引的另一个挑战不再被认为是多余的。多年来,文化科学学院和加扎大学一直给予的支持,使管理人员更加决心提高期刊的表现、质量和地位。
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引用次数: 2
FOTO SEJARAH PADA MEDIA DIGITAL: PEWARNAAN DAN MEME BERKONTEN SEJARAH
Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.22146/SASDAYAJOURNAL.43884
I. Haeri
Technological developments make it easier for historical reviewers to approach historical sources. But there is a trend in Indonesian digital society to change historical sources such as historical photos as information consumption. Along with the development of the times, analog photos turned into historical photos that were present in the millennial era appeared in two ways; first coloring photo history, the second "meme" set in historical photos. In order to track digital footage of this phenomenon, historical methodology and photo analysis of Roland Barthes are used to show the birth of historical photo coloring trends and memes in the digital world. The coloring of historical photos causes a change in time awareness of historical sources and memes on historical photographs cause a change and multiplication of meanings in digital photos as historical sources.
技术的发展使历史评论家更容易接近历史来源。但印尼数字社会有一种趋势,将历史照片等历史来源转变为信息消费。随着时代的发展,模拟照片变成千禧年时代的历史照片以两种方式出现;第一是为照片上色历史,第二是在历史照片中设置“模因”。为了追踪这一现象的数字镜头,本文采用罗兰·巴特的历史方法论和照片分析来展示数字世界中历史照片上色趋势和模因的诞生。历史照片的着色引起了史料时间意识的变化,历史照片的模因引起了数字照片作为史料意义的变化和倍增。
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引用次数: 2
KAJIAN TEORI FORMALISME DAN STRUKTURALISME 结构主义和结构主义研究
Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.22146/SASDAYAJOURNAL.43888
Fadlil Fadlil Munawwar Manshur
From the perspective of formalism theory, this study aims to reveal that a research on literary texts does not only pay attention to textual facts existing in literary works, but also needs to pay attention to what exists outside the text. In the literary works, the element of defamiliarization holds that literary language is able to express facts of stories using unfamiliar languages. From the perspective of structuralism theory, this study aims to reveal that structuralism is conceptually a continuation of formalism which largely depends on language. Structuralism theory has a close relationship with linguistics, especially in analyzing the functions of the language used. The analysis of language function can help understanding language semiotics that views literature as a sign that then led to literary semiotics. Therefore, functioning to examine a phenomenon, the concept of semiotic structuralism emerged as a social fact.  Critical approach was deemed suitable to be used in this study because formalism theory and structuralism theory are part of a social construction and part of a discursive formation in the formation of subject and reality. As a result, it could be seen the position of formalism theory and structuralism theory in literary research of which raw material is language. The findings in this study are that the formalism theory in its development is dynamic and its language construction stimulates readers to respond. In principle, literary work is not autonomous because it contains author’s feelings and society’s mind. Literary research should exceed the boundaries of formalism and be able to create new vocabularies in writing novels. In the novel, there is intertextual polyvalence, which is a series and intensive dialogic linkages that are capable of giving birth to new novels. Another finding is that structuralism theory has a close relationship with linguistics, for example phonological elements in linguistics which can help literary theory in analyzing sound levels in oral literary works. This theory has also developed a study of poetry to the aesthetic level so that this study has shifted from its original aspects of verbal art only to all art and artistic aesthetics in the present time. This shift distinguishes the views between formalism and structuralism in relation to norms and values inherent in language.
本研究从形式主义理论的视角出发,旨在揭示文学文本研究不仅要关注文学作品中存在的文本事实,还需要关注文本之外存在的东西。在文学作品中,陌生化因素认为文学语言能够用不熟悉的语言来表达故事的事实。从结构主义理论的角度出发,揭示了结构主义在概念上是形式主义的延续,而形式主义在很大程度上依赖于语言。结构主义理论与语言学有着密切的关系,特别是在分析语言使用功能方面。对语言功能的分析有助于理解语言符号学,将文学视为符号,进而产生文学符号学。因此,符号学结构主义的概念是作为一种社会事实而出现的,其功能是考察一种现象。因为形式主义理论和结构主义理论都是社会建构的一部分,也是主体与现实形成过程中的话语形成的一部分,所以我们认为批判方法适合于本研究。由此可见形式主义理论和结构主义理论在以语言为原材料的文学研究中的地位。研究发现,形式主义理论的发展是动态的,它的语言结构激发了读者的反应。从原则上讲,文学作品不具有自主性,因为它包含着作者的情感和社会的思想。文学研究应该超越形式主义的界限,能够在小说创作中创造新的词汇。在小说中,存在着互文的多价性,这是一系列的、密集的对话联系,能够产生新的小说。另一个发现是,结构主义理论与语言学有着密切的关系,例如语言学中的语音要素可以帮助文学理论分析口头文学作品的音阶。这一理论也将诗歌研究发展到美学层面,使诗歌研究从最初的单纯的语言艺术转向了当代的所有艺术和艺术美学。这种转变区分了形式主义和结构主义对语言内在规范和价值的看法。
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引用次数: 7
LANGUAGE KINSHIP BETWEEN KOMERING VARIATION AND LAMPUNG MENGGALA 科莫林变异与楠榜勐腊的语言亲缘关系
Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.22146/SASDAYAJOURNAL.43883
A. M. Sudirman
Artikel ini mengkaji kekerabatan Isolek Komering dan Lampung Menggala kedua isolek tersebut, secara kualitatif ditandai perbedaan dalam persamaan atau persamaan dalam perbedaan tuturan 'mutually intelligble' antarpenutur bahasa yang diperlihatkan oleh evidensi unsur bunyi [u]~[eu] pada ultima terbuka leksikon, pada kata [batu]~[batteu]; evidensi unsur bunyi [nt]~[tt] (homorgan~geminasi) pada posisi antar-vokal pada leksikon [bintaŋ]~[bittaŋ]; evidensi unsur pinjaman pada kata bermakna 'baru', 'pasir' menjadi inovasi [baReu] dan [pasiR]; dan secara diakronis telah terjadi inovasi [ampay]*~[ompay]'baru' dan [həni]*~[honi] 'pasir'. Sedangkan secara kuantitatif hasil kajian komparatif 200 kosa-kata Swadesh status isolek Komering dan bahasa Lampung merupakan bahasa kekerabatan 'language of family', kriteria Dialektometri, evidensi di atas merupakan perbedaan dialek dalam kelompok bahasa Lampung, karena hasil persentasi Isolek Komering-Menggala 82,16%, disokong oleh Crowley, bahwa hubungan tersebut, termasuk hubungan antar-dialek dalam satu bahasa
这篇文章探讨了商业异构体和南角关系,定性地标记出这两种异构体之间的差异或相似之处。evidensi声音元素[tt nt] ~ [] (homorgan ~ geminasi)字典antar-vokal位置上[bintaŋ]~ [bittaŋ];evidensi贷款元素的新意义”一词”、“沙子”成为创新[baReu]和[];历时并发生了[ampay] * ~ [ompay创新这个‘新’和h[ə]* ~ [honi]“沙子”。而定量地比较研究结果200词汇量Swadesh isolek地位Komering亲属和楠榜语是“language of family, Dialektometri标准,evidensi楠榜上是方言的不同语言群体,因为百分比结果isolek Komering-Menggala 82,16%克劳利的支持,将两者联系起来的一种语言,包括antar-dialek关系
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引用次数: 3
MENERAWANG MASA LALU DI ERA DIGITAL: FILM SEJARAH VIS A VIS HISTORIOGRAFI
Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.22146/SASDAYAJOURNAL.43885
L. Hakim
In recent years historical film production or historical films — Historical Film, Historical Movie, Historical Cinema—have become increasingly massive in Indonesia. In its development, historical films in Indonesia are a massive medium to present a past that deserves to be remembered as a collective memory of society. Since the reform era, dozens of historical film titles have been produced and colouring the Indonesian film industry. As a result, many historical films have become references and reference sources for the community to find information about the past. It becomes reasonable to see the development of multimedia-based information technology (audiovisual) which has encouraged the emergence of post-literacy phenomena. In historical studies, historical films can be studied as a thematic study as well as in a methodological realm. As a thematic study, historical films are mental products (mentifact) and social products (sociofact) of society in a certain space of time. Whereas in the methodological realm, historical films can be explored through debates about historical sources or as narratives and representations of the past presented through film media. The study of historical films as a study of history is still a rare and less desirable subject for historians in Indonesia. This paper utilizes literature studies to answer some of the research problems posed. Literature studies of sources related to historical film studies are the focus of the researchers. In addition, a deeper understanding of the development of historical films in Indonesia is also a concern to uncover the souls of the times that surround historical film production. This study concludes that the existence of historical films in the present is a challenge for historians to face the era of openness and variety of media that presents information about the past.
近年来,印度尼西亚的历史电影制作或历史电影-历史电影,历史电影,历史电影-越来越多。在其发展过程中,印尼的历史电影是一种巨大的媒介,它呈现了一个值得被铭记的过去,作为社会的集体记忆。自改革时代以来,已经制作了数十部历史电影,并为印度尼西亚电影业增添了色彩。因此,许多历史电影成为社会寻找过去信息的参考和参考来源。基于多媒体的信息技术(视听)的发展鼓励了后识字现象的出现,这是合理的。在历史研究中,历史电影既可以作为主题研究,也可以作为方法论研究。历史电影作为一种主题研究,是社会在一定时间空间内的精神产品(mentifact)和社会产品(socifact)。而在方法论领域,历史电影可以通过对历史来源的辩论或通过电影媒体呈现的对过去的叙述和表现来探索。把历史电影作为历史研究来研究,对于印度尼西亚的历史学家来说,仍然是一个罕见的、不太受欢迎的课题。本文利用文献研究法来回答一些研究问题。与历史电影研究相关的文献研究是研究者关注的焦点。此外,深入了解印尼历史电影的发展也是揭示历史电影制作周围的时代灵魂的关注。本研究的结论是,历史电影在当下的存在对历史学家来说是一个挑战,他们要面对一个开放的、呈现过去信息的媒介多样化的时代。
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引用次数: 0
Membaca Masyarakat Buton melalui Tradisi Lisan Kabanti Ajonga Yinda Malusa (Pakaian yang Tidak Luntur)
Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.22146/sasdayajournal.43889
Latifah Rabani
Produksi naskah selalu memiliki tujuan. Tujaun awal adalah dokumentasi nilai-nilai yang harus diketahui oleh masyarakat intern dan dunia di luar mereka. Nilai itu kemudian diajarkan, diterapkan dan kemudian diwariskan dari generasi ke generasi. Untuk memperkuat nilai, maka elemen sufistik, sebagaimana yang umum berlaku dalam naskah-naskah Nusantara selalu disematkan. Penamaan selalu mengikuti nilai terpenting dalam sebuah naskah. penamaan itu terkait erat dengan makna terdalam dari sebuah naskah. Sebagai gambaran, naskah Kabhanti Ajonga Yinda Malusa yang berarti Pakaian yang tidak luntur, jelas mempunyai kekuatan makna.
制作剧本总是有目的的。早期的Tujaun是一部值得国际和外部世界知道的价值观纪录片。然后它被教授,应用,然后代代相传。为了增加分数,苏菲派元素,如在努桑塔拉文本中常见的元素,总是被压制住。命名总是遵循文本中最重要的值。这种命名与文本最深刻的含义密切相关。举例来说,Kabhanti Ajonga ydna的文本,意思是衣服不会褪色,显然有意义。
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引用次数: 0
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Sasdaya Gadjah Mada Journal of Humanities
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