Pub Date : 1998-10-31DOI: 10.1109/DASC.1998.741517
J. Prizant
A layered architecture for a communicator was presented which allows four COTS processor boards, each in a standard backplane such as VMEbus or CompactPCI, to be networked together to produce a quad-redundant fault tolerant computer. The communicator features a high-bandwidth data exchange making data reliably congruent across the four channels.
{"title":"High speed communicator for fault tolerant systems","authors":"J. Prizant","doi":"10.1109/DASC.1998.741517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.1998.741517","url":null,"abstract":"A layered architecture for a communicator was presented which allows four COTS processor boards, each in a standard backplane such as VMEbus or CompactPCI, to be networked together to produce a quad-redundant fault tolerant computer. The communicator features a high-bandwidth data exchange making data reliably congruent across the four channels.","PeriodicalId":335827,"journal":{"name":"17th DASC. AIAA/IEEE/SAE. Digital Avionics Systems Conference. Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36267)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128285796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-31DOI: 10.1109/DASC.1998.739842
A. Stratton
Technical and operation concepts for precision landing have evolved around the signal in space characteristics of the Instrument Landing System (ILS). For the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Landing System (GLS), many of these characteristics will be dependent on computational processes inside the airborne receiver. Development of GLS standards creates an opportunity to improve on inherent ILS limitations while retaining useful features. This paper compares proposed GLS guidance algorithms including an approach where nominal ILS features are reproduced as well as alternatives proposed to eliminate features seen as undesirable. Simulated deviation outputs are derived for various maneuvers, including orbits, on-path, and near-path approach trajectories. The potential impact of alternative approaches on aircraft performance during capture, flare, and rollout is shown. Additional considerations addressed include the impact of changes of field verification and flight inspection and the applicability of these concepts to the Multi-Mode Receiver (MMR).
{"title":"Guidance characteristics of GNSS landing systems","authors":"A. Stratton","doi":"10.1109/DASC.1998.739842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.1998.739842","url":null,"abstract":"Technical and operation concepts for precision landing have evolved around the signal in space characteristics of the Instrument Landing System (ILS). For the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Landing System (GLS), many of these characteristics will be dependent on computational processes inside the airborne receiver. Development of GLS standards creates an opportunity to improve on inherent ILS limitations while retaining useful features. This paper compares proposed GLS guidance algorithms including an approach where nominal ILS features are reproduced as well as alternatives proposed to eliminate features seen as undesirable. Simulated deviation outputs are derived for various maneuvers, including orbits, on-path, and near-path approach trajectories. The potential impact of alternative approaches on aircraft performance during capture, flare, and rollout is shown. Additional considerations addressed include the impact of changes of field verification and flight inspection and the applicability of these concepts to the Multi-Mode Receiver (MMR).","PeriodicalId":335827,"journal":{"name":"17th DASC. AIAA/IEEE/SAE. Digital Avionics Systems Conference. Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36267)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123673479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-31DOI: 10.1109/DASC.1998.739886
J. Schiefele, L. May, J. Pfister, H. Raabe, C. Schmalz, K. Dorr, W. Kubbat
In Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) a 3D flight guidance display depicts environmental data and mission critical information to pilots in order to increase situation awareness. With these systems Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) can be reduced and air traffic management for all phases of flight greatly enhanced. Such a system consists of three necessary components: 1) synthetic vision display (SVD) 2) high precision navigation 3) high accuracy databases. While the navigation system has to provide information about current position, attitudes, and sensor integrity, the databases provide information for terrain, obstacles, airports and navigation aids. This paper shows that these two essential prerequisites for a SVD are at a very developed stage and may be available as commercial equipment and procedures in the near future.
{"title":"Safety relevant navigation and certifiable databases for 3D synthetic vision systems","authors":"J. Schiefele, L. May, J. Pfister, H. Raabe, C. Schmalz, K. Dorr, W. Kubbat","doi":"10.1109/DASC.1998.739886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.1998.739886","url":null,"abstract":"In Synthetic Vision Systems (SVS) a 3D flight guidance display depicts environmental data and mission critical information to pilots in order to increase situation awareness. With these systems Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) can be reduced and air traffic management for all phases of flight greatly enhanced. Such a system consists of three necessary components: 1) synthetic vision display (SVD) 2) high precision navigation 3) high accuracy databases. While the navigation system has to provide information about current position, attitudes, and sensor integrity, the databases provide information for terrain, obstacles, airports and navigation aids. This paper shows that these two essential prerequisites for a SVD are at a very developed stage and may be available as commercial equipment and procedures in the near future.","PeriodicalId":335827,"journal":{"name":"17th DASC. AIAA/IEEE/SAE. Digital Avionics Systems Conference. Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36267)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123693516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-31DOI: 10.1109/DASC.1998.741561
S. Vakil, R. Hansman
Mode transition matrices are an extension of standard state diagrams and transition matrices. These matrices can be used as an organizational tool for the analysis of aircraft automation systems composed of multiple modes. This paper explores how these matrices may provide insight into the underlying automation structure and be used in the process of human centered system design.
{"title":"Understanding automation structure by analyzing mode transition matrices","authors":"S. Vakil, R. Hansman","doi":"10.1109/DASC.1998.741561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.1998.741561","url":null,"abstract":"Mode transition matrices are an extension of standard state diagrams and transition matrices. These matrices can be used as an organizational tool for the analysis of aircraft automation systems composed of multiple modes. This paper explores how these matrices may provide insight into the underlying automation structure and be used in the process of human centered system design.","PeriodicalId":335827,"journal":{"name":"17th DASC. AIAA/IEEE/SAE. Digital Avionics Systems Conference. Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36267)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128201226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-31DOI: 10.1109/DASC.1998.741479
K. Tucker, E. Solomon, K. Littlejohn
Real-time systems are increasing in size and complexity. Software developers seek to maximize the performance, as well as minimize the memory requirements in order to meet the constraints of these systems. Traditionally, software developers have overcome these constraints by using an optimizing compiler. However, optimization carries a hidden price. Many Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) debuggers are unable to work effectively with optimized applications, because the one-to-one mapping of source to object code is often disturbed by optimization. While optimizing, a compiler is free to reorder or interleave the code for statements, so long as the semantics of the program are preserved. This causes two major problems for a debugger. First, selecting a representative instruction to be used when setting a breakpoint on a source-level statement becomes difficult. Second, at a given breakpoint, the value of a variable may differ from what it would be in the non-optimized version. This condition is known as non-currency. Each of these problems becomes a serious issue if a debugger is used to debug the deliverable code or to perform verification testing. This paper presents an in-depth study of the effects of loop-invariant optimization on debugging user applications. The paper will show how to significantly improve the performance of the debugger, with respect to breakpoints and non-current variables, when operating on code affected by this optimization. A summary of the research done, including specific implementation issues and lessons learned while enhancing the DDC-I SPARCStation Solaris native Ada compiler system, is presented.
{"title":"Compiler optimization and its impact on development of real-time systems","authors":"K. Tucker, E. Solomon, K. Littlejohn","doi":"10.1109/DASC.1998.741479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.1998.741479","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time systems are increasing in size and complexity. Software developers seek to maximize the performance, as well as minimize the memory requirements in order to meet the constraints of these systems. Traditionally, software developers have overcome these constraints by using an optimizing compiler. However, optimization carries a hidden price. Many Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS) debuggers are unable to work effectively with optimized applications, because the one-to-one mapping of source to object code is often disturbed by optimization. While optimizing, a compiler is free to reorder or interleave the code for statements, so long as the semantics of the program are preserved. This causes two major problems for a debugger. First, selecting a representative instruction to be used when setting a breakpoint on a source-level statement becomes difficult. Second, at a given breakpoint, the value of a variable may differ from what it would be in the non-optimized version. This condition is known as non-currency. Each of these problems becomes a serious issue if a debugger is used to debug the deliverable code or to perform verification testing. This paper presents an in-depth study of the effects of loop-invariant optimization on debugging user applications. The paper will show how to significantly improve the performance of the debugger, with respect to breakpoints and non-current variables, when operating on code affected by this optimization. A summary of the research done, including specific implementation issues and lessons learned while enhancing the DDC-I SPARCStation Solaris native Ada compiler system, is presented.","PeriodicalId":335827,"journal":{"name":"17th DASC. AIAA/IEEE/SAE. Digital Avionics Systems Conference. Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36267)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114307238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-31DOI: 10.1109/DASC.1998.739863
F. Wuhlegemuth, P. Hofmann
No other technology has enhanced the functionality of cars in the last few years like information- and communication-technologies. Electronic based systems provide the driver with a maximum of security, comfort, information and entertainment. Such electronic systems are specified by the car manufacturer and produced by the supplier. A model-based specification allows a detailed information interchange between these partners and limits mis-understandings. Today, models of such systems are developed by a structured analysis process. The desired function for one control unit is hierarchically divided, until the behaviour can be described by a state machine. Tomorrows electronic car systems provide enhanced functionality, are networked and interact with each other and external services. Designing such systems requires a powerful way to structure, describe and reuse the components of the car and the surrounding environment.
{"title":"Automotive system design: today and tomorrow","authors":"F. Wuhlegemuth, P. Hofmann","doi":"10.1109/DASC.1998.739863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.1998.739863","url":null,"abstract":"No other technology has enhanced the functionality of cars in the last few years like information- and communication-technologies. Electronic based systems provide the driver with a maximum of security, comfort, information and entertainment. Such electronic systems are specified by the car manufacturer and produced by the supplier. A model-based specification allows a detailed information interchange between these partners and limits mis-understandings. Today, models of such systems are developed by a structured analysis process. The desired function for one control unit is hierarchically divided, until the behaviour can be described by a state machine. Tomorrows electronic car systems provide enhanced functionality, are networked and interact with each other and external services. Designing such systems requires a powerful way to structure, describe and reuse the components of the car and the surrounding environment.","PeriodicalId":335827,"journal":{"name":"17th DASC. AIAA/IEEE/SAE. Digital Avionics Systems Conference. Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36267)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114581087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-31DOI: 10.1109/DASC.1998.741552
G. Koepke, J. Ladbury
The statistical models used in reverberation chamber analysis have demonstrated good agreement with measured data from well-designed chambers. We use the models to derive several corrections to the field prediction formulas quoted in earlier publications. In this paper we will present a brief summary of these statistical models and the impact on earlier estimations of fields in the chamber. We will demonstrate how these statistical models are applied to actual measurements in reverberation chambers. This work has a direct impact on the estimate of chamber fields to which a device-under-test or vehicle is exposed during electromagnetic vulnerability tests.
{"title":"New electric field expressions for EMC testing in a reverberation chamber","authors":"G. Koepke, J. Ladbury","doi":"10.1109/DASC.1998.741552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.1998.741552","url":null,"abstract":"The statistical models used in reverberation chamber analysis have demonstrated good agreement with measured data from well-designed chambers. We use the models to derive several corrections to the field prediction formulas quoted in earlier publications. In this paper we will present a brief summary of these statistical models and the impact on earlier estimations of fields in the chamber. We will demonstrate how these statistical models are applied to actual measurements in reverberation chambers. This work has a direct impact on the estimate of chamber fields to which a device-under-test or vehicle is exposed during electromagnetic vulnerability tests.","PeriodicalId":335827,"journal":{"name":"17th DASC. AIAA/IEEE/SAE. Digital Avionics Systems Conference. Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36267)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124718371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-31DOI: 10.1109/DASC.1998.741493
J. Krueger, S. Vestal, B. Lewis
Architecture description languages (ADLs) are beginning to address the system as a set of interconnected components subject to an overall execution model. An ADL aimed at a specific domain can give designers a way to check their system against particular properties required by their application. Formal ADLs can also be transformed automatically into executable "glue" code that ties the components together according to the specified connections and execution model. MetaH is an ADL and toolset originally developed to meet the strict requirements of flight control and avionics, including hard realtime, safety, security, fault-tolerance and multiprocessing. However, an increasingly broad range of applications shares these requirements.
{"title":"Fitting the pieces together: system/software analysis and code integration using METAH","authors":"J. Krueger, S. Vestal, B. Lewis","doi":"10.1109/DASC.1998.741493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.1998.741493","url":null,"abstract":"Architecture description languages (ADLs) are beginning to address the system as a set of interconnected components subject to an overall execution model. An ADL aimed at a specific domain can give designers a way to check their system against particular properties required by their application. Formal ADLs can also be transformed automatically into executable \"glue\" code that ties the components together according to the specified connections and execution model. MetaH is an ADL and toolset originally developed to meet the strict requirements of flight control and avionics, including hard realtime, safety, security, fault-tolerance and multiprocessing. However, an increasingly broad range of applications shares these requirements.","PeriodicalId":335827,"journal":{"name":"17th DASC. AIAA/IEEE/SAE. Digital Avionics Systems Conference. Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36267)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123635808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-31DOI: 10.1109/DASC.1998.739851
J. Cecchino
Application of a Military-off-the-Shelf (MOTS) navigation system. The Honeywell H-764G, is being qualified as a primary navigation system for new generation low cost launch vehicles. Current commercial market needs are driving leading national aerospace companies to closely examine the new performance and cost advantages of high volume military-off-the-shelf products. Leveraging from existing military applications and heritage, Honeywell is opening the door with a smart, low-cost, Space Integrated GPS/INS (SIGI) system.
{"title":"The take-off of MOTS avionic navigation systems for space/launch vehicle applications","authors":"J. Cecchino","doi":"10.1109/DASC.1998.739851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.1998.739851","url":null,"abstract":"Application of a Military-off-the-Shelf (MOTS) navigation system. The Honeywell H-764G, is being qualified as a primary navigation system for new generation low cost launch vehicles. Current commercial market needs are driving leading national aerospace companies to closely examine the new performance and cost advantages of high volume military-off-the-shelf products. Leveraging from existing military applications and heritage, Honeywell is opening the door with a smart, low-cost, Space Integrated GPS/INS (SIGI) system.","PeriodicalId":335827,"journal":{"name":"17th DASC. AIAA/IEEE/SAE. Digital Avionics Systems Conference. Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36267)","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116769590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-10-31DOI: 10.1109/DASC.1998.741477
J. Ring, E. Fricke
Engineering practices for land, sea, air and spacecraft have been driven by different forces and priorities. These forces and priorities are now converging and alert leaders recognize that engineering practices must converge, as well. Ideally the engineering profession will seek an intelligent convergence; one that preserves the current practices that are future-sufficient while innovating new practices where necessary. All engineers across these industries have much to learn from one another. However, the degree to which we converge the upstream, systems engineering practices will be the major determinant as to whether all other engineering disciplines will collaborate-or collide. Systems engineering practitioners and managers must respond to two kinds of challenges. Firstly, how to model and specify increasingly encompassing "systems of systems" in a way that proactively orchestrates their conjoint evolution? Secondly, how to manage change-profitably-which amounts to executing the classic ECP>ECN>ECO cycle with ten-fold more ramifications in each change while taking only one-tenth the time for change processing and decision. This paper explores the problem, identifies key, future-sufficient practices and describes the concepts, technologies and behaviors that will enable Change Proficiency.
{"title":"Rapid evolution of all your systems-problem or opportunity?","authors":"J. Ring, E. Fricke","doi":"10.1109/DASC.1998.741477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/DASC.1998.741477","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering practices for land, sea, air and spacecraft have been driven by different forces and priorities. These forces and priorities are now converging and alert leaders recognize that engineering practices must converge, as well. Ideally the engineering profession will seek an intelligent convergence; one that preserves the current practices that are future-sufficient while innovating new practices where necessary. All engineers across these industries have much to learn from one another. However, the degree to which we converge the upstream, systems engineering practices will be the major determinant as to whether all other engineering disciplines will collaborate-or collide. Systems engineering practitioners and managers must respond to two kinds of challenges. Firstly, how to model and specify increasingly encompassing \"systems of systems\" in a way that proactively orchestrates their conjoint evolution? Secondly, how to manage change-profitably-which amounts to executing the classic ECP>ECN>ECO cycle with ten-fold more ramifications in each change while taking only one-tenth the time for change processing and decision. This paper explores the problem, identifies key, future-sufficient practices and describes the concepts, technologies and behaviors that will enable Change Proficiency.","PeriodicalId":335827,"journal":{"name":"17th DASC. AIAA/IEEE/SAE. Digital Avionics Systems Conference. Proceedings (Cat. No.98CH36267)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121661052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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