Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.35787/jimdc.v12i1.873
Dr. Hari Ram, Dr Jamshed ul Qadir Memon, Dr. Amna Mangi, Dr Mir Ghulam Ali Talpur, Dr. Naveed Ali Qadri, Dr Salman Ahmed Farsi Kazi
Background: Owing to the high potential of physical injuries, disabilities and even deaths resulting from burn-related injuries, these are considered as injuries of medico-legal importance. The study aims to investigate the medico-legal aspects of selective cases of burn victims admitted to the Burn unit of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. Methodology: This study was conducted at the Burn unit of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. The information on burn patients was collected retrospectively from the record for the period of three years from January 2018 to December 2020 from the Burn unit. The data related to socio-demographic details, site, cause, severity and outcome of burn cases was recorded. Results: Total 418 victims record was evaluated; the highest prevalence of cases was in the age group of 0-10 years (60.6%). Majority; 58.8% of the victims were males. In more than half (52.6%) of the victims, 20% or less body area was burnt. In 34.2% cases, 21-40% area was burnt. About 48.1% of cases were of wet scalds and 40.2% dry flame burns. About 7.6% were cases of electrocution. Male and female burn victims demonstrated statistically significant difference (p<0.05) regarding site of burn, side, source, manner and survival from burn injuries. Conclusion: Males are more affected by burns than their counterpart while children ≤ 10 years are most commonly reported with burn injuries. Wet scald is the most common type of burn while most victims present with ≤20% burnt body area. Key Words: Accidental injuries, Burns, Suicide
{"title":"Medicolegal Aspect Analysis of Burn Cases in Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad","authors":"Dr. Hari Ram, Dr Jamshed ul Qadir Memon, Dr. Amna Mangi, Dr Mir Ghulam Ali Talpur, Dr. Naveed Ali Qadri, Dr Salman Ahmed Farsi Kazi","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v12i1.873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v12i1.873","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Owing to the high potential of physical injuries, disabilities and even deaths resulting from burn-related injuries, these are considered as injuries of medico-legal importance. The study aims to investigate the medico-legal aspects of selective cases of burn victims admitted to the Burn unit of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. \u0000Methodology: This study was conducted at the Burn unit of Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad. The information on burn patients was collected retrospectively from the record for the period of three years from January 2018 to December 2020 from the Burn unit. The data related to socio-demographic details, site, cause, severity and outcome of burn cases was recorded. \u0000Results: Total 418 victims record was evaluated; the highest prevalence of cases was in the age group of 0-10 years (60.6%). Majority; 58.8% of the victims were males. In more than half (52.6%) of the victims, 20% or less body area was burnt. In 34.2% cases, 21-40% area was burnt. About 48.1% of cases were of wet scalds and 40.2% dry flame burns. About 7.6% were cases of electrocution. Male and female burn victims demonstrated statistically significant difference (p<0.05) regarding site of burn, side, source, manner and survival from burn injuries. \u0000Conclusion: Males are more affected by burns than their counterpart while children ≤ 10 years are most commonly reported with burn injuries. Wet scald is the most common type of burn while most victims present with ≤20% burnt body area. \u0000Key Words: Accidental injuries, Burns, Suicide","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90076694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.797
Dr. Nasar Abbas Shamsi, Dr. Shazia Ali, Dr. Shazadi Ambreen, Dr. Hira Ayaz, Dr. Sobia Waqas, Dr. Sidra Arshad
Background: Depression is a psychiatric illness that affects the overall life quality of an individual. In depression along with other symptoms, one of the features affecting the personal life of individuals is loss of libido which is influenced by the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis. This study was aimed to determine the serum levels of Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH) in depressed male patients. Methodology: This comparative cross sectional study was done at Islamic International Medical College and Armed Forces Institute of Mental Health, Military Hospital Rawalpindi after being approved by ethical review committee. After informed consent, 96 male individuals having 18 – 60 years of age participated in the current study. Participants were segregated into groups A and B. Gender and age-matched healthy subjects in a quantity of 24 were taken in group A whereas group B consisted of 72 male depressed patients. Serum gonadotropins levels of both groups were compared by using an independent student t-test in SPSS 21. Results: Serum FSH (2.66 ± 0.34 mIU/ml) and LH (2.67 ±0.18 mIU/ml) levels of Group A have shown no significant difference as compared to serum FSH (3.32 ± 0.43 mIU/ml) and LH (3.12 ± 0.19 mIU/ml) levels of Group B. Conclusion: It is concluded from the study that serum FSH and LH levels were not significantly decreased in individuals with depression. Keywords: Depression, Follicle stimulating hormone, Luteinizing hormone
{"title":"Effect of Depression on Serum Levels of Follicular Stimulating Hormone and Luteinizing Hormone in Male Population of Military Hospital, Rawalpindi","authors":"Dr. Nasar Abbas Shamsi, Dr. Shazia Ali, Dr. Shazadi Ambreen, Dr. Hira Ayaz, Dr. Sobia Waqas, Dr. Sidra Arshad","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.797","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Depression is a psychiatric illness that affects the overall life quality of an individual. In depression along with other symptoms, one of the features affecting the personal life of individuals is loss of libido which is influenced by the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis. This study was aimed to determine the serum levels of Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH) in depressed male patients. \u0000Methodology: This comparative cross sectional study was done at Islamic International Medical College and Armed Forces Institute of Mental Health, Military Hospital Rawalpindi after being approved by ethical review committee. After informed consent, 96 male individuals having 18 – 60 years of age participated in the current study. Participants were segregated into groups A and B. Gender and age-matched healthy subjects in a quantity of 24 were taken in group A whereas group B consisted of 72 male depressed patients. Serum gonadotropins levels of both groups were compared by using an independent student t-test in SPSS 21. \u0000Results: Serum FSH (2.66 ± 0.34 mIU/ml) and LH (2.67 ±0.18 mIU/ml) levels of Group A have shown no significant difference as compared to serum FSH (3.32 ± 0.43 mIU/ml) and LH (3.12 ± 0.19 mIU/ml) levels of Group B. \u0000Conclusion: It is concluded from the study that serum FSH and LH levels were not significantly decreased in individuals with depression. \u0000Keywords: Depression, Follicle stimulating hormone, Luteinizing hormone \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81899500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.875
Dr. Tariq Farhad, Dr. Muhammad Rahim Burghri, Dr. Muhammad Uzair Memon, Dr. Soha Fatima, Dr. Yasir Latif, Haji Abdullah Memon
Introduction: To evaluate the vascular complications and their correlation with different risk factors among type-2 diabetic patients in Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Methodology: Cross-sectional study was conducted at the department of medicine Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad from March to September 2021. Type 2 diabetics of either sex, between ages 20 and 70 years, on diabetic medication, were included in the study. While patients with type I diabetes, unconscious or with any mental health issues were excluded. A Non-random consecutive sampling technique was applied for the selection of participants. Socio-demographic, disease and medication information was collected using a written questionnaire while serum glucose level, albumin and lipid profile was analyzed. Results: Over half of the participants (51.72%) were females, while most (70.87%) of the participants were aged < 40 years. A total of 124(28.5%) patients showed symptoms of macro-vascular complications with most (16.78%) of them having coronary artery disease. A significant relation (p<0.05) was found between coronary artery disease and age, duration of diabetes, blood pressure, body mass index and serum triglycerides. Peripheral vascular disease was significantly related (p<0.05) to the duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure and serum triglyceride. While significant relation (p<0.05) between cerebrovascular disease with age, systolic and diastolic BP was there. Conclusion: Coronary artery disease seems to be the most common macro-vascular complication among type 2 diabetic patients, with a high prevalence of risk factors such as advanced age, duration of DM, male sex, hypertension, Body Mass Index, and serum triglycerides. Keywords: Coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus type 2, Macro-vascular complications, peripheral vascular disease.
{"title":"Vascular Complications and their Risk Factors in Patients of Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","authors":"Dr. Tariq Farhad, Dr. Muhammad Rahim Burghri, Dr. Muhammad Uzair Memon, Dr. Soha Fatima, Dr. Yasir Latif, Haji Abdullah Memon","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.875","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: To evaluate the vascular complications and their correlation with different risk factors among type-2 diabetic patients in Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. \u0000Methodology: Cross-sectional study was conducted at the department of medicine Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad from March to September 2021. Type 2 diabetics of either sex, between ages 20 and 70 years, on diabetic medication, were included in the study. While patients with type I diabetes, unconscious or with any mental health issues were excluded. A Non-random consecutive sampling technique was applied for the selection of participants. Socio-demographic, disease and medication information was collected using a written questionnaire while serum glucose level, albumin and lipid profile was analyzed. \u0000Results: Over half of the participants (51.72%) were females, while most (70.87%) of the participants were aged < 40 years. A total of 124(28.5%) patients showed symptoms of macro-vascular complications with most (16.78%) of them having coronary artery disease. A significant relation (p<0.05) was found between coronary artery disease and age, duration of diabetes, blood pressure, body mass index and serum triglycerides. Peripheral vascular disease was significantly related (p<0.05) to the duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure and serum triglyceride. While significant relation (p<0.05) between cerebrovascular disease with age, systolic and diastolic BP was there. \u0000Conclusion: Coronary artery disease seems to be the most common macro-vascular complication among type 2 diabetic patients, with a high prevalence of risk factors such as advanced age, duration of DM, male sex, hypertension, Body Mass Index, and serum triglycerides. \u0000Keywords: Coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus type 2, Macro-vascular complications, peripheral vascular disease.","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78822115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.760
Hassan Udin Hassan
Background: Tibial plateau fractures involve injuries affecting the major weight-bearing joint and result in functional impairment which can be prevented by implying competent treatment techniques including dual column plating, assisted reduction, internal fixation with plating and Ilizarov circular fixator. The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional outcome of Ilizarov technique in treating closed tibial plateau fractures. Methodology: A Quasi experimental study was conducted in the Orthopedic department of Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi from 30th July 2019 to 29th January 2020. A total of 100 patients with tibial plateau fractures of Schatzker type III to VI, 20 to 60 years of age of either gender were included. In all patients, Ilizarov technique was performed. Data were entered in SPSS 22. Descriptive analysis was done for quantitative variables and percentages were calculated for qualitative variables. Chi square test was applied to determine association of variables with functional outcome. Results: Mean age of patients was 37.42 ± 8.94 years. Out of 100 patients, 70% were males and 30% were females, 76% patients managed with Ilizarov technique in treating closed tibial plateau fracture had excellent functional outcome, 15% good outcome, 5% fair and 4% poor outcome. Functional outcome with respect to age, gender, BMI and DM showed statistically significant difference with p value 0.017, 0.016, 0.004 and 0.001 respectively. Conclusion: Functional outcome of Ilizarov technique in treating closed tibial plateau fracture is significantly better. Keywords: Ilizarov Technique, Orthopedic Fixation Devices, Tibial Fractures
背景:胫骨平台骨折涉及影响主要承重关节的损伤，并导致功能损害，可通过包括双柱钢板、辅助复位、钢板内固定和Ilizarov圆形固定器在内的有效治疗技术来预防。本研究的目的是评估Ilizarov技术治疗闭合性胫骨平台骨折的功能结果。方法:拟实验研究于2019年7月30日至2020年1月29日在拉瓦尔品第联合军队医院骨科进行。本研究共纳入100例Schatzker III ~ VI型胫骨平台骨折患者，年龄20 ~ 60岁，男女不限。所有患者均采用Ilizarov技术。数据在SPSS 22中输入。定量变量进行描述性分析，定性变量计算百分比。采用卡方检验确定变量与功能预后的相关性。结果:患者平均年龄37.42±8.94岁。100例患者中，男性占70%，女性占30%，采用Ilizarov技术治疗闭合性胫骨平台骨折的患者功能预后良好的占76%，良好的占15%，一般的占5%，不良的占4%。功能结局与年龄、性别、BMI、DM的差异有统计学意义，p值分别为0.017、0.016、0.004、0.001。结论:Ilizarov技术治疗闭合性胫骨平台骨折的功能效果明显较好。关键词:Ilizarov技术，骨科固定装置，胫骨骨折
{"title":"Functional Outcome of Ilizarov Technique in Managing Proximal Tibial Fracture in Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi","authors":"Hassan Udin Hassan","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.760","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tibial plateau fractures involve injuries affecting the major weight-bearing joint and result in functional impairment which can be prevented by implying competent treatment techniques including dual column plating, assisted reduction, internal fixation with plating and Ilizarov circular fixator. The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional outcome of Ilizarov technique in treating closed tibial plateau fractures. \u0000Methodology: A Quasi experimental study was conducted in the Orthopedic department of Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi from 30th July 2019 to 29th January 2020. A total of 100 patients with tibial plateau fractures of Schatzker type III to VI, 20 to 60 years of age of either gender were included. In all patients, Ilizarov technique was performed. Data were entered in SPSS 22. Descriptive analysis was done for quantitative variables and percentages were calculated for qualitative variables. Chi square test was applied to determine association of variables with functional outcome. \u0000Results: Mean age of patients was 37.42 ± 8.94 years. Out of 100 patients, 70% were males and 30% were females, 76% patients managed with Ilizarov technique in treating closed tibial plateau fracture had excellent functional outcome, 15% good outcome, 5% fair and 4% poor outcome. Functional outcome with respect to age, gender, BMI and DM showed statistically significant difference with p value 0.017, 0.016, 0.004 and 0.001 respectively. \u0000Conclusion: Functional outcome of Ilizarov technique in treating closed tibial plateau fracture is significantly better. \u0000Keywords: Ilizarov Technique, Orthopedic Fixation Devices, Tibial Fractures","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80002445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.741
A. Khan, Abdul Manan, Irfan Ahmad, T. Mahar, Muhammad Usman, Abdul Qadir
Background: Many clinical methods, scoring systems, radiological and laboratory investigations are used to diagnose and differentiate simple from complicated appendicitis. Proactive approach results in high rate of negative appendectomies and conservative approach results in increased rate of post-operative complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of CRP, TLC and Neutrophil percentage in the diagnosis and differentiation of simple and complicated appendicitis. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted at department of Surgery, Nishtar medical university/hospital, Multan from 1st November, 2019 to 30th April, 2021. Blood samples from patients were collected after admission, for CRP, TLC and Neutrophil percentage. Data were collected and analyzed through SPSS version 23. Results: A total of 320 patients more than 12 years of age, 168 (52.5%) male and 152 (47.5%) female with 1.10:1, were included in the study. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) of CRP were 90.6%, 80%, 96% and 61.5% for acute appendicitis and 96.7%, 80%, 98.3%, and 66.7% for perforated appendicitis respectively with p-value of <0.000. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of TLC were 87.5%, 80%, 95.9% and 54.5% for acute and 93.3%, 90%, 99.1% and 52.9% for perforated appendicitis with p= <0.000. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of Neutrophils, in acute and perforated appendicitis were 83.8%, 76.7%, 95%, and 46.9% versus 87.5%, 70%, 97.2%, 31.8% respectively with P-value < 0.000. Conclusion: Sensitivity, specificity and PPV of CRP, TLC and Neutrophils increased with the severity of appendicitis. Combining the results of the above three markers increased the diagnostic accuracy. Keywords: Acute appendicitis, CRP (C-reactive protein), TLC (Leukocyte count) and Neutrophils.
背景:许多临床方法、评分系统、放射学和实验室检查用于诊断和区分单纯性和复杂性阑尾炎。主动入路阴性阑尾发生率高，保守入路术后并发症发生率增高。本研究的目的是评价CRP、TLC和中性粒细胞百分比在单纯性和复杂性阑尾炎的诊断和鉴别中的作用。方法:本横断面研究于2019年11月1日至2021年4月30日在木尔坦尼什塔尔医科大学/医院外科进行。入院后采集患者血液，检测CRP、TLC、中性粒细胞百分比。数据的收集和分析采用SPSS version 23。结果:共纳入320例12岁以上患者，其中男性168例(52.5%)，女性152例(47.5%)，男女比例为1.10:1。急性阑尾炎CRP的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值(PPV)、阴性预测值(NPV)分别为90.6%、80%、96%、61.5%，穿孔阑尾炎CRP的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值(PPV)、阴性预测值(NPV)分别为96.7%、80%、98.3%、66.7%，p值均<0.000。TLC对急性阑尾炎的敏感性、特异性、PPV和NPV分别为87.5%、80%、95.9%和54.5%，对穿孔性阑尾炎的敏感性、特异性和PPV分别为93.3%、90%、99.1%和52.9%，p= <0.000。中性粒细胞在急性阑尾炎和穿孔阑尾炎中的敏感性、特异性、PPV和NPV分别为83.8%、76.7%、95%和46.9%，而p值分别为87.5%、70%、97.2%、31.8%。结论:随着阑尾炎的加重，CRP、TLC和中性粒细胞的敏感性、特异性和PPV均增高。结合以上三个指标的结果，提高了诊断的准确性。关键词:急性阑尾炎，c反应蛋白，白细胞计数，中性粒细胞。
{"title":"C -Reactive Protein, Leukocyte Count and Neutrophils: A Diagnostic Aid in Acute Appendicitis","authors":"A. Khan, Abdul Manan, Irfan Ahmad, T. Mahar, Muhammad Usman, Abdul Qadir","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.741","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Many clinical methods, scoring systems, radiological and laboratory investigations are used to diagnose and differentiate simple from complicated appendicitis. Proactive approach results in high rate of negative appendectomies and conservative approach results in increased rate of post-operative complications. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of CRP, TLC and Neutrophil percentage in the diagnosis and differentiation of simple and complicated appendicitis. \u0000Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted at department of Surgery, Nishtar medical university/hospital, Multan from 1st November, 2019 to 30th April, 2021. Blood samples from patients were collected after admission, for CRP, TLC and Neutrophil percentage. Data were collected and analyzed through SPSS version 23. \u0000Results: A total of 320 patients more than 12 years of age, 168 (52.5%) male and 152 (47.5%) female with 1.10:1, were included in the study. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) of CRP were 90.6%, 80%, 96% and 61.5% for acute appendicitis and 96.7%, 80%, 98.3%, and 66.7% for perforated appendicitis respectively with p-value of <0.000. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of TLC were 87.5%, 80%, 95.9% and 54.5% for acute and 93.3%, 90%, 99.1% and 52.9% for perforated appendicitis with p= <0.000. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of Neutrophils, in acute and perforated appendicitis were 83.8%, 76.7%, 95%, and 46.9% versus 87.5%, 70%, 97.2%, 31.8% respectively with P-value < 0.000. \u0000Conclusion: Sensitivity, specificity and PPV of CRP, TLC and Neutrophils increased with the severity of appendicitis. Combining the results of the above three markers increased the diagnostic accuracy. \u0000Keywords: Acute appendicitis, CRP (C-reactive protein), TLC (Leukocyte count) and Neutrophils.","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82371566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.901
Bilal Umair, Sohail saqib, Muhammad rashid husnain, Farhan, Raheel
Ectopic parathyroid adenomas can be a cause of recurrent and refractory hyperparathyroidism. Majority of parathyroid adenomas are located in the neck region, however in very few cases they are located within the mediastinum. In such cases excision via cervical approach is not possible and it becomes a diagnostic as well as surgical challenge. Excision via thoracoscopic approach is a preferred approach in this regard. Here we represent a case of ectopic parathyroid adenoma embedded within thymus gland which underwent surgical excision via thoracoscopic approach. Key words: Ectopic, Parathyroid adenoma, Thoracoscopy
{"title":"Ectopic Mediastinal Parathyroid Adenoma Excision via Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Approach: A Case Report","authors":"Bilal Umair, Sohail saqib, Muhammad rashid husnain, Farhan, Raheel","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.901","url":null,"abstract":"Ectopic parathyroid adenomas can be a cause of recurrent and refractory hyperparathyroidism. Majority of parathyroid adenomas are located in the neck region, however in very few cases they are located within the mediastinum. In such cases excision via cervical approach is not possible and it becomes a diagnostic as well as surgical challenge. Excision via thoracoscopic approach is a preferred approach in this regard. Here we represent a case of ectopic parathyroid adenoma embedded within thymus gland which underwent surgical excision via thoracoscopic approach. \u0000Key words: Ectopic, Parathyroid adenoma, Thoracoscopy","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74117093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.908
H. Shaheen, Nuzhat Yasmeen, Ruqayya Manzoor, Sumbal Saeed, Itrat Fatima, R. Tariq, Zehra Batool
Background: Malnutrition is known to be a poor prognostic factor affecting the outcome of pediatric cancers. The objective of this study was to assess the pre-existing malnutrition in newly diagnosed pediatric cancer patients presenting at the Pediatric Oncology Department, Children Hospital, PIMS and their number of hospital admissions due to causes other than chemotherapy. Methodology: Data of 44 newly diagnosed children with cancer was analyzed to find out the association of nutritional status according to z-score for weight and height for age, body mass index (BMI) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) with their number of hospital admissions for 6 months since their date of diagnosis. Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 4.25 ± 2.85 years, out of which 33(75%) were males and 11(25%) females. Most of the patients were diagnosed with leukemia or lymphoma. Nutritional status evaluation of thirty patients who got admitted was mild to moderate wasting in 24(80%) assessed by weight for age, mild to moderate stunting in 21 (70%) according to height for age and mild to severe malnutrition in 10 (33%) based on body mass index and mid upper arm circumference (MUAC). There was significant association between nutritional status of patients at the time of diagnosis with additional hospitalization with p value less than 0.05 Conclusion: Malnutrition at the time of diagnosis is significantly associated with an increase in the number of hospital admissions in pediatric cancer patients. Key words: Hospitalization, Malnutrition, Oncology, Pediatric
{"title":"C -Reactive Protein, Leukocyte Count and Neutrophils: A Diagnostic Aid in Acute Appendicitis","authors":"H. Shaheen, Nuzhat Yasmeen, Ruqayya Manzoor, Sumbal Saeed, Itrat Fatima, R. Tariq, Zehra Batool","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.908","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Malnutrition is known to be a poor prognostic factor affecting the outcome of pediatric cancers. The objective of this study was to assess the pre-existing malnutrition in newly diagnosed pediatric cancer patients presenting at the Pediatric Oncology Department, Children Hospital, PIMS and their number of hospital admissions due to causes other than chemotherapy. \u0000Methodology: Data of 44 newly diagnosed children with cancer was analyzed to find out the association of nutritional status according to z-score for weight and height for age, body mass index (BMI) and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) with their number of hospital admissions for 6 months since their date of diagnosis. \u0000Results: The mean age of the study subjects was 4.25 ± 2.85 years, out of which 33(75%) were males and 11(25%) females. Most of the patients were diagnosed with leukemia or lymphoma. Nutritional status evaluation of thirty patients who got admitted was mild to moderate wasting in 24(80%) assessed by weight for age, mild to moderate stunting in 21 (70%) according to height for age and mild to severe malnutrition in 10 (33%) based on body mass index and mid upper arm circumference (MUAC). There was significant association between nutritional status of patients at the time of diagnosis with additional hospitalization with p value less than 0.05 \u0000Conclusion: Malnutrition at the time of diagnosis is significantly associated with an increase in the number of hospital admissions in pediatric cancer patients. \u0000Key words: Hospitalization, Malnutrition, Oncology, Pediatric \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88105637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.794
Muhammad asif Zeb, Arsalan Waqas Ahmad Shah, Fawad Inayat, Aman Ullah, Amir Afzal Khan, Awal mir
Background: Transgenders, male to female, are exceptionally predominant in India-Pakistan, dreaded to be alarming for sexually transmitted diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of sexually transmitted diseases and their associated risk factors among transgenders. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst transgenders at Institute of Paramedical Sciences (IPMS), Khyber Medical University Peshawar from January to July,2021. About two ml of venous blood was collected in a gel tube under aseptic conditions among 100 individuals to check for HBsAg, anti-HCV, HIV and syphilis by ICT rapid strip method. Positive samples of HBsAg and anti-HCV were confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), while positive cases of syphilis were confirmed by Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination (TPHA). Chi-square test was applied to determine the association between sexually transmitted disease and associated risk factors. Results: Out of 100, seven (7%) samples were positive for HBsAg, five (5%) for anti-HCV and nine (9%) were positive for syphilis while there were no positive cases of HIV. HBV infection was significantly associated with blood transfusion, a drug injection history and some surgical procedure (p<0.05). For syphilis, the data were significantly associated with a history of blood transfusion and drug injection (p<0.05). Conclusion: Frequency of HBV, HCV and syphilis infections are high in transgenders with common associated risk factors to be sexual activities, drug injection, unsafe blood transfusion and surgical procedures. Keywords: Chromatography, Hepatitis B surface antigen, Hepatitis C Antibodies, HIV, Syphilis, Transgenders
{"title":"Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Associated Risk Factors Among Transgenders in Peshawar","authors":"Muhammad asif Zeb, Arsalan Waqas Ahmad Shah, Fawad Inayat, Aman Ullah, Amir Afzal Khan, Awal mir","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.794","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Transgenders, male to female, are exceptionally predominant in India-Pakistan, dreaded to be alarming for sexually transmitted diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of sexually transmitted diseases and their associated risk factors among transgenders. \u0000Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst transgenders at Institute of Paramedical Sciences (IPMS), Khyber Medical University Peshawar from January to July,2021. About two ml of venous blood was collected in a gel tube under aseptic conditions among 100 individuals to check for HBsAg, anti-HCV, HIV and syphilis by ICT rapid strip method. Positive samples of HBsAg and anti-HCV were confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), while positive cases of syphilis were confirmed by Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination (TPHA). Chi-square test was applied to determine the association between sexually transmitted disease and associated risk factors. \u0000 Results: Out of 100, seven (7%) samples were positive for HBsAg, five (5%) for anti-HCV and nine (9%) were positive for syphilis while there were no positive cases of HIV. HBV infection was significantly associated with blood transfusion, a drug injection history and some surgical procedure (p<0.05). For syphilis, the data were significantly associated with a history of blood transfusion and drug injection (p<0.05). \u0000Conclusion: Frequency of HBV, HCV and syphilis infections are high in transgenders with common associated risk factors to be sexual activities, drug injection, unsafe blood transfusion and surgical procedures. \u0000Keywords: Chromatography, Hepatitis B surface antigen, Hepatitis C Antibodies, HIV, Syphilis, Transgenders","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89550401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.799
Umer Farooq, Faraz Khan, Irfan Ahmad, Muhammad Nawaz, S. H. Changazi, Muhammad Imran
Background: Recurrence of urethral strictures is the most frequent and bothersome complication, with majority of stricturesrecurring after optical internal urethrotomy. The objective of this study was to establish the role of oral steroid therapy after direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) in minimizing recurrence of urethral stricture. Methodology: It was a randomized controlled trial carried out at Armed Forces Institute of Urology, Rawalpindi from January 2018 to March 2021. A total of 180 male patients with urethral stricture of ≤2 cm were included. Patients with traumatic stricture, post-anastomotic urethroplasty strictures, neurogenic bladder and history of steroid intake were excluded. Patients were randomly categorized into two groups i.e. Group A patients were given oral prednisolone (6 mg tablet twice daily for 4 weeks) while group B was control group. Patients were followed up to 12 months for recurrence of stricture. Results: The mean age of patients in group A was 44.38 ± 8.03 years while in group B was 46.64 ± 6.66 years. The mean length of stricture in group A was 0.93 ± 0.26 cm and in group B was 0.95 ± 0.27 cm. Recurrence of stricture was seen in 18 (20.0%) patients in group A (oral steroids group) and 42 (46.67%) patients in group B (no oral steroids) with p-value of 0.0001. Conclusion: Oral prednisolone therapy after internal urethrotomy waseffective in decreasing the rate of recurrence of urethral stricture. Keywords: Oral, Recurrence, Steroid, Urethral Stricture.
背景:尿道狭窄复发是最常见和最麻烦的并发症，大多数狭窄在光学内尿道切开术后复发。本研究的目的是确定直接视觉内尿道切开术(DVIU)后口服类固醇治疗在减少尿道狭窄复发中的作用。方法:这是一项随机对照试验，于2018年1月至2021年3月在拉瓦尔品第武装部队泌尿外科研究所进行。本组共纳入尿道狭窄≤2 cm男性患者180例。排除外伤性狭窄、吻合口尿道成形术后狭窄、神经源性膀胱和类固醇摄入史的患者。将患者随机分为两组，A组患者给予泼尼松龙口服(6 mg片，每日2次，连用4周)，B组为对照组。随访12个月，观察狭窄复发情况。结果:A组患者平均年龄44.38±8.03岁，B组患者平均年龄46.64±6.66岁。A组平均狭窄长度为0.93±0.26 cm, B组平均狭窄长度为0.95±0.27 cm。A组(口服类固醇组)狭窄复发18例(20.0%)，B组(不口服类固醇组)狭窄复发42例(46.67%)，p值为0.0001。结论:内尿道切开术后口服强的松龙治疗可有效降低尿道狭窄复发率。关键词:口服，复发，类固醇，尿道狭窄。
{"title":"Role of Steroids in Reducing Recurrence of Urethral Stricture after Direct Vision Internal Urethrotomy","authors":"Umer Farooq, Faraz Khan, Irfan Ahmad, Muhammad Nawaz, S. H. Changazi, Muhammad Imran","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.799","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recurrence of urethral strictures is the most frequent and bothersome complication, with majority of stricturesrecurring after optical internal urethrotomy. The objective of this study was to establish the role of oral steroid therapy after direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) in minimizing recurrence of urethral stricture. \u0000Methodology: It was a randomized controlled trial carried out at Armed Forces Institute of Urology, Rawalpindi from January 2018 to March 2021. A total of 180 male patients with urethral stricture of ≤2 cm were included. Patients with traumatic stricture, post-anastomotic urethroplasty strictures, neurogenic bladder and history of steroid intake were excluded. Patients were randomly categorized into two groups i.e. Group A patients were given oral prednisolone (6 mg tablet twice daily for 4 weeks) while group B was control group. Patients were followed up to 12 months for recurrence of stricture. \u0000Results: The mean age of patients in group A was 44.38 ± 8.03 years while in group B was 46.64 ± 6.66 years. The mean length of stricture in group A was 0.93 ± 0.26 cm and in group B was 0.95 ± 0.27 cm. Recurrence of stricture was seen in 18 (20.0%) patients in group A (oral steroids group) and 42 (46.67%) patients in group B (no oral steroids) with p-value of 0.0001. \u0000Conclusion: Oral prednisolone therapy after internal urethrotomy waseffective in decreasing the rate of recurrence of urethral stricture. \u0000Keywords: Oral, Recurrence, Steroid, Urethral Stricture.","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82150004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.936
Naghmi Asif, Khalid Hassan
{"title":"Challenges for Infection Prevention and Control Practices in Hospital","authors":"Naghmi Asif, Khalid Hassan","doi":"10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35787/jimdc.v11i4.936","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33701,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Islamabad Medical and Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87467675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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