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The dynamics of meaning in mosque architecture: A case study of old and modern mosques in West Java Indonesia 清真寺建筑的动态意义:印度尼西亚西爪哇的旧清真寺和现代清真寺的案例研究
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.30822/arteks.v7i1.1457
Indri Astrina Wirakusumah
Humans are homo religiosus with a natural desire that there is an absolute power beyond reasoning which makes them "existent". This is observed from their religious behaviors as well as the continuous increase in their spirituality. Humans have a basic need to worship according to their religious orders and the construction of mosques is considered the fulfillment of the main needs of Muslims to conduct their prayers. The diversity of mosque forms in West Java showed that there is a mutually influencing relationship between the basic need for space to accommodate prayer rituals which tend to be dogmatic and the human desire to appreciate architectural elements of mosques as a form of contextual and dynamic spirituality enhancement. The comparison between the needs and desires in mosque architecture as indicated in previous studies was used as the main reference to understand the dynamics of the meaning in mosque architecture in order to produce new meaning reading diagrams. This was achieved through three main stages with the first being the re-description of the ideograms and typograms pairing in each mosque from the previous studies, the second is the identification of keywords that form the basis of thought for architects, users, and organizers as a series of triangulation processes to reveal new meanings and functions in the case study of mosques, and the third is the placement of the results of the analysis on the Function-Form-Meaning diagram to produce a new meaning reading diagram to identify the dynamics of meaning in mosque architecture in West Java. The contribution of this study is to enrich the theory and method of the meaning process in mosque architecture as well as to serve as a guide for architectural practitioners in designing mosques.
人类是“宗教人”,有一种自然的愿望,即有一种超越推理的绝对力量使他们“存在”。这可以从他们的宗教行为和灵性的不断提升中观察到。人类有按照自己的宗教秩序进行礼拜的基本需要,清真寺的建设被认为是满足穆斯林进行祈祷的主要需要。西爪哇清真寺形式的多样性表明,人们需要空间来容纳往往是教条式的祈祷仪式,而人类希望欣赏清真寺的建筑元素,将其作为一种背景和动态的精神增强形式,两者之间存在着相互影响的关系。将前人研究中清真寺建筑中需求与欲望的对比作为理解清真寺建筑意义动态的主要参考,从而产生新的意义解读图。这是通过三个主要阶段实现的,第一个阶段是重新描述之前研究中每个清真寺的表意文字和排版配对,第二个阶段是确定关键词,这些关键词构成了建筑师、用户和组织者的思想基础,作为一系列三角测量过程,揭示清真寺案例研究中的新含义和功能。三是对功能-形式-意义图的分析结果进行放置,生成新的意义解读图,以识别西爪哇清真寺建筑中的意义动态。本研究的贡献在于丰富清真寺建筑意义过程的理论和方法,并为建筑从业者设计清真寺提供指导。
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引用次数: 3
Universal design (UD) in indoor space: Symbiosis between disabled bodies and abled bodies 室内空间的通用设计:残体与健全人的共生
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.30822/arteks.v7i1.1185
Ying Ying Chuah, A. Bahauddin
Universal Design or ‘Accessibility for All’ is the design of a product or creation that meets the requirement and reaches the goals for people, which including disabled-bodies as well as the abled-bodies. Ergonomics is defined as a design to reduce human error, increase efficiency and improve safety and provides comfort in between people and the product. Universal design means segregation of special, separate designs with the normal design said that the majority of users can use them without feeling out of place. It is identified that some of the special groups all different kinds of designs would often make people feel different from others, the removal of which is essential in case of Universal Design. The major focus of this research is on the indoor spaces in providing measurement of operations and comfort in an indoor area such as the idea of research with respect to the ergonomics of Universal design which take into account within a qualitative research method of case study evaluation.
通用设计或“无障碍”是一种产品或创作的设计,满足人们的需求,达到人们的目标,包括残疾人和健全人。人体工程学被定义为一种设计,以减少人为错误,提高效率,提高安全性,并提供人与产品之间的舒适性。通用设计意味着将特殊的、独立的设计与正常设计隔离开来,这样大多数用户使用它们时不会感到格格不入。在通用设计的情况下,一些特殊的群体,各种不同的设计往往会让人感觉与他人不同,这是必要的。这项研究的主要重点是室内空间,在室内区域提供操作和舒适度的测量,例如关于通用设计的人体工程学的研究想法,在案例研究评估的定性研究方法中考虑到。
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引用次数: 0
Reimagining the image reconstruction of Candi Badut in Malang through geometry fractal 用几何分形重新想象玛琅坎迪巴督的图像重建
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.30822/arteks.v7i1.1246
Y. Yusran, Dhara Adyuta Sasikirana, Abraham Mohammad Ridjal
Badut Temple is the oldest temple on Java Island and a historical relic of the Kanjuruhan Kingdom that collapsed due to natural and human factors. Therefore, this study aims to determine the suitability of the Badut Temple design drawn by B. De Haan. Based on the vastu purusha mandala philosophy, this Hindu-style temple uses repeated divisions of squares to prove that the design of the head of the temple uses Fractal Geometry with the box-counting method. The results showed that the fractal dimension index on the foot, body, and head with a ratio of 1.878: 1.870: 1.872 or be rounded up to 1:1:1. This means that the B. De Haan sketch design is similar to the existing temple. Furthermore, the ratio of the height of the foot, body, and head was 2.35:4.88:6.94 which is simplified to 1:2:3. Therefore, the Badut Temple adheres to the Vastu Purusha Mandala philosophy.
巴杜寺是爪哇岛上最古老的寺庙,是因自然和人为因素而倒塌的坎珠鲁汗王国的历史遗迹。因此,本研究旨在确定B. De Haan所绘制的八都寺设计的适宜性。基于vastu purusha曼荼罗哲学,这座印度风格的寺庙使用重复的正方形划分来证明寺庙头部的设计使用了分形几何和计数法。结果表明:脚、身、头的分形维数指数为1.878:1.870:1.872,四舍五入为1:1:1;这意味着B. De Haan的草图设计与现有的寺庙相似。此外,脚、身、头的高度比例为2.35:4.88:6.94,简化为1:2:3。因此,八度寺坚持Vastu Purusha曼荼罗哲学。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of building shape and orientation on energy use at sloped sites in tropical climates using sefaira 采用sefaira的热带气候下斜坡场地的建筑形状和朝向对能源使用的影响
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.30822/arteks.v7i1.1397
Priyanka G. A. S. K. W. Notodipuro, A. Mandala
One of the biggest contributors to energy usage are built infrastructures (up to 40%). Minimizing energy usage efficiently could reduce cost and give a better impact on the environment in terms of sustainability. As a tropical country that experiences sun exposure throughout the year, designing a building in Indonesia needs to respond to the impact of solar radiation inside the room for comfort and energy-saving effort. In addition, the topography of the site is considered throughout the process of designing a building, in which the site is located on sloped terrain (with a slant of 15 degrees celsius) and may influence the orientation and shape as it affects access to sunlight and view. This paper aims to identify which building orientation and shape of a project have the least energy usage during its preliminary phase on sloped terrains in tropical climate areas. 3 different building orientations (west-east, combination, North-east – South-west) and shapes are analyzed through experimental method by utilizing Sefaira as a plugin to Sketchup software using ASHRAE 90.1 - 2019 (ZONE 2) as material standard for the analysis. This research focuses on how a sloped site, as well as climate, affects building efficiency and how the orientation and shape of the building affect the building’s energy consumption. Difference in characteristics of the land, preferably regarding flat or sloped terrain lands, does not guarantee whether the energy usage will change, but it shows that sloped terrain sites could benefit on reducing the cooling load of a building as well as daylighting.
能源消耗的最大贡献者之一是建筑基础设施(高达40%)。有效地减少能源使用可以降低成本,并在可持续性方面对环境产生更好的影响。作为一个热带国家,印度尼西亚全年都经历阳光照射,在设计建筑时需要对室内太阳辐射的影响做出反应,以达到舒适和节能的目的。此外,在整个建筑设计过程中都考虑了场地的地形,场地位于倾斜的地形上(倾斜15摄氏度),可能会影响朝向和形状,因为它会影响阳光和视野。本文旨在确定一个项目在热带气候地区的斜坡地形上,在其初步阶段,哪种建筑朝向和形状的能源使用最少。利用Sefaira作为Sketchup软件的插件,以ASHRAE 90.1 - 2019 (ZONE 2)作为材料标准,通过实验方法分析了3种不同的建筑朝向(东西、组合、东北-西南)和形状。这项研究的重点是一个倾斜的场地,以及气候,如何影响建筑的效率,以及建筑的方向和形状如何影响建筑的能源消耗。土地特征的不同,尤其是平坦或倾斜的土地,并不能保证能源使用是否会改变,但它表明,倾斜地形的地点可以在减少建筑物的冷负荷和采光方面受益。
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引用次数: 2
Visual accessibility of wayfinding signage in campus library for internationl student 校园图书馆国际学生导视标志的视觉可达性
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.30822/arteks.v7i1.1226
Mohd Akmal Harris Bin Zolkefil, R. Talib
A campus library is an educational environment that has a wide range of academic activities that are organized and arranged according to hierarchy and activity requirements. When activity in the campus library increases, so does the intensity of a movement that does not correspond to the availability of compelling and wayfinding signage within the library. In fact, on campus there must be international students who are not fluent in speaking and reading the local language. The purpose of the study is to investigate a wayfinding signage issue in interpreting the information through visual graphic for international student in campus library. In this issue, it will examine the importance of visual graphic design used in wayfinding signage for interpreting information and determined the require component which help the topic incorporate a greater user experience through visual qualities such as graphic, text, color and size. Therefore, the (TWO) 2 objectives of this research paper are 1) To identify the current graphic design of the wayfinding signage in the campus library and 2) To determine the graphic design in interpreting information in the wayfinding signage. It will use a qualitative method by John Creswell in collecting the data at several proposed case studies place.  
校园图书馆是一个具有广泛的学术活动的教育环境,这些活动是根据层次和活动要求组织和安排的。当校园图书馆的活动增加时,运动的强度也会增加,这与图书馆内引人注目的指路标志的可用性不相对应。事实上,在校园里一定有不流利地说、读当地语言的国际学生。本研究的目的在于探讨校园图书馆国际学生的导视标志如何透过视觉图形来诠释资讯。在这一期中,它将研究视觉图形设计在寻路标志中用于解释信息的重要性,并确定所需的组件,这些组件有助于通过图形、文本、颜色和大小等视觉质量结合更好的用户体验。因此,本研究论文的(TWO) 2个目标是:1)识别当前校园图书馆导视标志的平面设计;2)确定导视标志中信息解释的平面设计。它将使用John Creswell的定性方法在几个拟议的案例研究地点收集数据。
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引用次数: 0
Fragmentation of street space usage in Chinatown Village Semarang, Indonesia 印尼三宝垄唐人街村街道空间使用的碎片化
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.30822/arteks.v7i1.1181
Christin Purnamasari Nusaputra, Y. B. Dwisusanto
As a trade center, Semarang Chinatown contributes to developing the economic activities of the city. The expansion of the economic network creates various opportunities through informal activities. This is reflected in the inclusiveness of the local community, using roads as venues of economic activities, especially on Gang Baru Street in Semarang Chinatown. The street connects the neighborhood, accommodates informal activities, and serves as a traditional market. Furthermore, it has been privatized by trading activities from the shophouses and street vendors. The claim trend has commodified the formal use of the street as access infrastructure. Consequently, the differences in formal and informal activities cause the use of road space to be fragmented. Therefore, this study examines the fragmented use of Gang Baru street caused by the segmented informal activity interests. The qualitative method is used for a thorough bottom-up observation of the street’s activities. Various activities are classified based on the street user segmentation by organizational practices and spontaneous community behavior. This categorization is also based on the users’ participatory or antagonistic response to the street’s formal use. The result shows activity diversity portrays a dialectic interest representing the fragmented use of Gang Baru Street.
作为一个贸易中心,三宝垄唐人街为发展城市的经济活动做出了贡献。经济网络的扩大通过非正式活动创造了各种机会。这反映在当地社区的包容性,将道路作为经济活动的场所,特别是在三宝垄唐人街的Gang Baru街。这条街连接邻里,容纳非正式活动,并作为一个传统的市场。此外,它还因商店和街头小贩的贸易活动而私有化。这一趋势使得街道作为交通基础设施的正式用途变得商品化。因此,正式和非正式活动的差异导致道路空间的使用是碎片化的。因此,本研究考察了因非正式活动利益分割而导致的岗八楼街道碎片化使用。定性方法用于对街道活动进行彻底的自下而上的观察。基于组织实践和自发社区行为对街道用户的细分,对各种活动进行分类。这种分类也是基于使用者对街道正式使用的参与或对抗反应。结果表明,活动多样性描绘了一种辩证的兴趣,代表了刚巴鲁街的碎片化使用。
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引用次数: 2
The effect of acoustic quality on work productivity and psychosocial stress levels in the basement lobby area 地下室大堂区域声学质量对工作效率和心理社会压力水平的影响
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.30822/arteks.v7i1.954
Maria Christina Prasetya, F. B. Ola
The basement lobby area in Campus II of Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta was originally designed to function as a vehicle parking and laboratory space with noise-generating equipment, but it is currently being used as a place for students to do assignments. Meanwhile, it has been discovered that psychosocial stress can be caused by continuous exposure to noise, thereby, making it necessary to consider the quality factor of the indoor environment of this area for students use. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effect of the noise in the basement lobby area on student work productivity and psychosocial stress. This involved the use of a quantitative method by measuring the noise level using Phonic PAA3 per one point in the 4 segments of the corridor according to the provisions of SNI 7231:2009. Moreover, a qualitative approach was also applied by distributing online and offline questionnaires to determine the perception of noise, psychosocial stress, and its effect on work productivity. A total of 109 respondents consisting of 48 architecture, 40 civil engineering, and 21 techno-biology students using the lobby as a place to do assignments were used as the respondents. The data obtained were analyzed using a simple regression method in the SPSS25 program. It is important to note that the quantitative and qualitative measurements were not conducted simultaneously. The results showed that the study room does not fulfill the standard reference value of 45dB required for the noise level as indicated by the highest and lowest noise (Leq) values recorded to be 74.10dB and 64.34dB in segments B and A, respectively, as well as the overall average of 70.1dB. Furthermore, the combination of the qualitative and quantitative data showed that the noise affects students' psychosocial stress by 43% and productivity by 45%, hence, this means the noise reduced the student productivity. Therefore, the noise factor needs to be considered in planning a workspace or converting the function of space in order to ensure its purpose is achieved maximally.
Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta第二校区的地下大厅区域最初被设计为车辆停车场和带有噪音产生设备的实验室空间,但它目前被用作学生做作业的地方。同时,研究发现,持续接触噪音会造成心理社会压力,因此,有必要考虑该区域供学生使用的室内环境的质量因素。因此,本研究旨在探讨地下大堂噪音对学生工作效率及心理压力的影响。这涉及使用定量方法,根据SNI 7231:2009的规定,使用Phonic PAA3测量走廊4段中每个点的噪声水平。此外,还采用了定性方法,通过分发在线和离线问卷来确定噪音的感知,心理社会压力及其对工作效率的影响。共有109名受访者,包括48名建筑学学生,40名土木工程学生和21名技术生物学学生,他们将大厅作为做作业的地方作为受访者。用SPSS25程序对所得数据进行简单回归分析。必须指出的是,定量和定性的测量并不是同时进行的。结果表明,该自习室不符合噪声要求的45dB标准参考值,B段和A段记录的最高和最低噪声(Leq)值分别为74.10dB和64.34dB,整体平均值为70.1dB。此外,定性和定量数据的结合表明,噪音对学生心理社会压力的影响为43%,对生产力的影响为45%,因此,这意味着噪音降低了学生的生产力。因此,在规划工作空间或转换空间功能时,需要考虑噪声因素,以确保最大限度地实现其目的。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of blue space in the interior on mental health 室内蓝色空间对心理健康的影响
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.30822/arteks.v7i1.1186
Hiew Yoke Ting, A. Bahauddin
Human beings are connected inextricably with nature that can influence our mental and physical well-being. People nowadays working in the hustle and bustle city has a low connection with nature, resulted in humankind suffering from mental illness. Connection to nature is essential for human beings to keep a healthy mind. This study mainly concentrates on the impact of blue space in the interior on mental health. In this research, previous studies are analyzed to understand the theory behind the blue space on how water benefits humans. Moreover, the researcher identifies thirty pieces of literature about water and health. The literature review is categorized into sensual perception (visual, sound, or music and sense of water) and the impact of blue space (emotional benefits, stress relief, direct health benefits) to reveal the idea of how the blue space benefits people. This paper is carried out through qualitative methods. Research shows intervention evidence of the visuals, sounds, and sense of water impact our health in the interior. The findings indicate the function of blue space in the interior on mental health. These findings help in a better understanding of the impact of water sounds in the interior on mental health. 
人类与自然有着千丝万缕的联系,自然会影响我们的身心健康。如今在喧嚣的城市中工作的人们与自然的联系很低,导致人类遭受精神疾病的困扰。与自然的联系对于人类保持健康的心态是必不可少的。本研究主要关注室内蓝色空间对心理健康的影响。在这项研究中,分析了以前的研究,以了解蓝色空间背后关于水如何造福人类的理论。此外,研究人员还找出了30篇关于水和健康的文献。文献综述分为感官感知(视觉,声音或音乐和水的感觉)和蓝色空间的影响(情感益处,压力缓解,直接健康益处),以揭示蓝色空间如何使人们受益的想法。本文采用定性方法进行研究。研究表明,视觉、声音和水的感觉会影响我们内部的健康。研究结果表明,室内蓝色空间对心理健康的作用。这些发现有助于更好地理解室内水声对心理健康的影响。
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引用次数: 0
The spirit of place dynamics at GPIB Immanuel and the Pancaran Kasih in Depok 以马内利GPIB和德波的Pancaran Kasih的场所动态精神
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.30822/arteks.v7i1.1257
Riajeng Sinta Damayanti, Purnama Salura
This study discusses the spirit of place which is also known as the “genius loci” of two GPIB church buildings in Depok, Indonesia. It is important to note that the physical and spatial order of a structure theoretically has an expression usually interpreted according to the character and identity created by the observer or user. This means it is possible for buildings with the same function, liturgy, and space requirements but different physical arrangements to have the same spirit of place. The focus of this study is on the church of GPIB Immanuel and GPIB Pancaran Kasih in Depok and it was conducted qualitatively and descriptively through anatomical and phenomenological methods. The operational stage involves the emic steps which include field observations and structured or unstructured interviews for managers and informants doubling as the users of the buildings as well as ethical steps which are focused on the study of architectural theories. The results showed that the physical architectural order of the two churches creates a dynamic character and identity as well as a spirit of place even though they come from the same synod, order, and have the same liturgy and procession. This was discovered to be due to their similarities and differences.
本研究探讨了印度尼西亚Depok的两座GPIB教堂建筑的场所精神,也被称为“天才地点”。值得注意的是,从理论上讲,结构的物理和空间秩序具有一种通常根据观察者或使用者所创造的特征和身份来解释的表达。这意味着具有相同功能、礼仪和空间要求,但物理布置不同的建筑有可能具有相同的场所精神。本研究的重点是位于Depok的GPIB以马内利和GPIB Pancaran Kasih教堂,并通过解剖学和现象学方法进行定性和描述性研究。操作阶段包括主题步骤,其中包括实地观察和作为建筑物用户的管理人员和线人的结构化或非结构化访谈,以及专注于建筑理论研究的道德步骤。结果表明,两个教堂的物理建筑秩序创造了一种动态的特征和身份,以及一种地方精神,即使它们来自相同的教会、秩序,并具有相同的礼拜仪式和游行。人们发现这是由于它们的相似点和不同点。
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引用次数: 1
Allocation of thermal imaging camera: Promoting efficient movement in entrepreneur workplace 热像仪的配置:促进企业家工作场所的高效移动
Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.30822/arteks.v7i1.1215
Arran Chang Kien Guan, M. J. Mamat
The pandemic COVID-19 has been a disaster for all over the world. The significant changes caused by the pandemic has left a huge impact on every sector especially on business environment and caused a major economic shock. In this paper, the role of technology- Thermal Imaging Camera (TIC) has been explore and discuss in achieving a proposed studies to preventing and decreases the spreading of virus in efficient way. From this point of view, the proposed study has contributed to working environment –entrepreneur workplace. The working environment has been a high risk in virus spreading since it involved in people interaction’s place. Thus, TIC is important to prevent the virus spreading in workplace and community. The study of efficient movement and the issue regarded appropriate location of TIC in entrepreneur workplace has been carried in this paper. The objectives of this study are to identify the requirement of Thermal Imaging Camera (TIC) in entrepreneur workplace zoning, to determine the best location for Thermal Imaging Camera (TIC) in entrepreneur workplace zoning and to study the Thermal Imaging Camera (TIC) location in promoting efficient workplace movement. The literature review is carried out to determined the related issues: TIC, workplace zoning and efficient movement I entrepreneur workplace. the qualitative method by John Creswell is used in collecting data to identify the best position of TIC in entrepreneur workplace by using observation method. As conclusion, the study for practice of allocate the TIC in the best location in entrepreneur workplace promotes the efficient of movement which it gives a direct and indirect impact on workplace performance.
COVID-19大流行对全世界来说都是一场灾难。疫情带来的重大变化,对各行业特别是营商环境造成巨大影响,对经济造成重大冲击。本文探讨了热成像技术(TIC)在有效预防和减少病毒传播中的作用。从这个角度来看,本研究对工作环境-企业家工作场所做出了贡献。工作环境是人际交往的场所,是病毒传播的高危场所。因此,TIC对于防止病毒在工作场所和社区传播非常重要。本文对企业家工作场所中创新投资的有效流动和合理定位问题进行了研究。本研究的目的是确定热像仪(TIC)在企业家工作场所分区中的要求,确定热像仪(TIC)在企业家工作场所分区中的最佳位置,并研究热像仪(TIC)在促进高效工作场所运动中的位置。通过文献综述,确定了相关问题:TIC、工作场所分区和企业家工作场所的高效运动。采用John Creswell的定性方法收集数据,采用观察法确定TIC在企业家工作场所的最佳位置。综上所述,在企业家工作场所的最佳位置配置TIC的实践研究促进了运动效率,并对工作场所绩效产生了直接和间接的影响。
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引用次数: 0
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