Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278802
Bilal Arshad, J. Barthélemy, Elliott Pilton, P. Perez
Reliable, informative and up-to-date information regarding the location, mobility and behavioral patterns of animals enhances our ability to preserve biodiversity, manage invasive species and conduct research. The basis of which is an accurate count of the animals present in a specified region. In literature, previous studies have presented automated animal counting methods, usually relying on using single images. Thus, accuracy is challengeable due to several factors, including wildlife movement, light fluctuations, overlapping, occlusions and re-counting of the same animal reappearing in other images. In this paper, we present a novel approach of identification, introduction to tracking pipeline, and counting wildlife accurately. Having applied the techniques of deep convolutional neural network (CNN), edge computing, and online tracking in a field trial to determine the population density of deer in a given area. Our approach produced accurate and actionable results, thus there is viable commercial potential.
{"title":"Where is my Deer?-Wildlife Tracking And Counting via Edge Computing And Deep Learning","authors":"Bilal Arshad, J. Barthélemy, Elliott Pilton, P. Perez","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278802","url":null,"abstract":"Reliable, informative and up-to-date information regarding the location, mobility and behavioral patterns of animals enhances our ability to preserve biodiversity, manage invasive species and conduct research. The basis of which is an accurate count of the animals present in a specified region. In literature, previous studies have presented automated animal counting methods, usually relying on using single images. Thus, accuracy is challengeable due to several factors, including wildlife movement, light fluctuations, overlapping, occlusions and re-counting of the same animal reappearing in other images. In this paper, we present a novel approach of identification, introduction to tracking pipeline, and counting wildlife accurately. Having applied the techniques of deep convolutional neural network (CNN), edge computing, and online tracking in a field trial to determine the population density of deer in a given area. Our approach produced accurate and actionable results, thus there is viable commercial potential.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133883780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278603
P. Sommer, Anton Rigner, M. Zlatanski
Collaborative robots are intended to operate in close proximity to human co-workers to improve efficiency of industrial process systems. Safeguarding humans from potential accidents caused by collisions with robots or other dangerous machinery requires situational awareness to prevent close encounters. In this paper, we present a sensing and processing platform based on lidar and radar, as well as algorithms to detect and classify target objects in the proximity of the system. Our experimental evaluation of machine learning algorithms based on hand-crafted radar features as well as convolutional neural networks applied to radar range-Doppler signatures indicates that classification into human activities (standing/walking) and robots or machinery can be performed with an accuracy of up to 96%.
{"title":"Radar-based Situational Awareness for Industrial Safety Applications","authors":"P. Sommer, Anton Rigner, M. Zlatanski","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278603","url":null,"abstract":"Collaborative robots are intended to operate in close proximity to human co-workers to improve efficiency of industrial process systems. Safeguarding humans from potential accidents caused by collisions with robots or other dangerous machinery requires situational awareness to prevent close encounters. In this paper, we present a sensing and processing platform based on lidar and radar, as well as algorithms to detect and classify target objects in the proximity of the system. Our experimental evaluation of machine learning algorithms based on hand-crafted radar features as well as convolutional neural networks applied to radar range-Doppler signatures indicates that classification into human activities (standing/walking) and robots or machinery can be performed with an accuracy of up to 96%.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"405 2-3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134289189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278890
M. Sophocleous, Andreas Karkotis, J. Georgiou
This paper presents a low-cost, versatile, stand-alone, soil quality monitoring system for Precision Agriculture based on a screen-printed soil-sensing array. The electronic system consists of three main modules, the power module, the control-communications module and the sensor interface module. It is battery-powered, recharged through a solar panel or through an AC power supply. The electronic system entails a pH sensor, a conductivity sensor, a platinum resistance thermometer and a dissolved oxygen sensor. However, the system can accommodate other sensors based on the same operation, through simple software re-calibration. It is compatible with Bluetooth, WiFi and LoRa communication technologies.
{"title":"A versatile, stand-alone system for a screen-printed, soil-sensing array for Precision Agriculture","authors":"M. Sophocleous, Andreas Karkotis, J. Georgiou","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278890","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a low-cost, versatile, stand-alone, soil quality monitoring system for Precision Agriculture based on a screen-printed soil-sensing array. The electronic system consists of three main modules, the power module, the control-communications module and the sensor interface module. It is battery-powered, recharged through a solar panel or through an AC power supply. The electronic system entails a pH sensor, a conductivity sensor, a platinum resistance thermometer and a dissolved oxygen sensor. However, the system can accommodate other sensors based on the same operation, through simple software re-calibration. It is compatible with Bluetooth, WiFi and LoRa communication technologies.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131774817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278773
F. Esposito, L. Sansone, A. Srivastava, F. Baldini, S. Campopiano, F. Chiavaioli, M. Giordano, A. Giannetti, A. Iadicicco
Here, we have reported the development and testing of a label-free fiber optic biosensor, for the real-time detection in serum of an inflammatory marker, the C-reactive protein (CRP). It is based on a novel configuration involving a long period grating (LPG) in double cladding fiber, with specific refractive index profile. Optimization of the sensitivity by means of mode transition was obtained through slight chemical etching of the fiber surface. A thin layer of graphene oxide was deposited around the LPG portion, to provide functional groups for the covalent immobilization of the biological recognition element. A large working range of CRP concentrations of clinical relevance was covered and a low limit of detection of 1.1 ng/mL was obtained in serum. The development of biosensors able to guarantee simple and rapid in-situ monitoring approach is quite an actual topic: an example is the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
{"title":"Fiber optic biosensor for inflammatory markers based on long period grating","authors":"F. Esposito, L. Sansone, A. Srivastava, F. Baldini, S. Campopiano, F. Chiavaioli, M. Giordano, A. Giannetti, A. Iadicicco","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278773","url":null,"abstract":"Here, we have reported the development and testing of a label-free fiber optic biosensor, for the real-time detection in serum of an inflammatory marker, the C-reactive protein (CRP). It is based on a novel configuration involving a long period grating (LPG) in double cladding fiber, with specific refractive index profile. Optimization of the sensitivity by means of mode transition was obtained through slight chemical etching of the fiber surface. A thin layer of graphene oxide was deposited around the LPG portion, to provide functional groups for the covalent immobilization of the biological recognition element. A large working range of CRP concentrations of clinical relevance was covered and a low limit of detection of 1.1 ng/mL was obtained in serum. The development of biosensors able to guarantee simple and rapid in-situ monitoring approach is quite an actual topic: an example is the SARS-CoV-2 infection.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131817432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278772
Çağla Özsoy, A. Cossettini, P. Hager, S. Vostrikov, X. Deán‐Ben, L. Benini, D. Razansky
We demonstrate the feasibility of a compact real-time 3D optoacoustic (OA) imager employing a novel low-cost software-defined ultrasound digital acquisition platform. It supports simultaneous signal acquisition from up to 192 ultrasound channels and a direct optical link (2x 100G Ethernet) to the host-PC for high-frame-rate image acquisitions. Real-time 3D imaging experiments with light-absorbing phantoms and the wrist of a healthy volunteer are reported. These results pave the way toward a new generation of compact, affordable, and flexible hand-held OA scanners.
{"title":"Towards a compact, high-speed optical linkbased 3D optoacoustic imager","authors":"Çağla Özsoy, A. Cossettini, P. Hager, S. Vostrikov, X. Deán‐Ben, L. Benini, D. Razansky","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278772","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate the feasibility of a compact real-time 3D optoacoustic (OA) imager employing a novel low-cost software-defined ultrasound digital acquisition platform. It supports simultaneous signal acquisition from up to 192 ultrasound channels and a direct optical link (2x 100G Ethernet) to the host-PC for high-frame-rate image acquisitions. Real-time 3D imaging experiments with light-absorbing phantoms and the wrist of a healthy volunteer are reported. These results pave the way toward a new generation of compact, affordable, and flexible hand-held OA scanners.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130869986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278752
Giada Marchi, V. Mulloni, M. Manekiya, M. Donelli, L. Lorenzelli
A low-profile humidity sensor based on a frequency-domain chipless sensing technology is proposed in this study. The chipless microwave sensor is composed by a microstrip resonator gap-coupled with a 50Ω microstrip transmission line and loaded with a Nafion 117 sensitive material layer. The response of the sensor at fixed temperature (25°C) and for a relative humidity (RH) variation in the range 0% - 90% has been simulated and tested in experimental conditions. The preliminary results are promising and pave the way for a future in-depth characterization of the sensor and an analysis of the performance under real-world conditions.
{"title":"A Preliminary Microwave Frequency Characterization of a Nafion-Based Chipless Sensor for Humidity Monitoring","authors":"Giada Marchi, V. Mulloni, M. Manekiya, M. Donelli, L. Lorenzelli","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278752","url":null,"abstract":"A low-profile humidity sensor based on a frequency-domain chipless sensing technology is proposed in this study. The chipless microwave sensor is composed by a microstrip resonator gap-coupled with a 50Ω microstrip transmission line and loaded with a Nafion 117 sensitive material layer. The response of the sensor at fixed temperature (25°C) and for a relative humidity (RH) variation in the range 0% - 90% has been simulated and tested in experimental conditions. The preliminary results are promising and pave the way for a future in-depth characterization of the sensor and an analysis of the performance under real-world conditions.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133608974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278628
Hamid Farahani, R. Wagiran, G. Urban
In this research, ceramic-based capacitive humidity sensors based on the barium strontium titanate perovskite nanocomposite and doped with the various concentrations of magnesia nanoparticles were fabricated and investigated. The particle size of the sensing elements is varied from 56 nm to 35 nm per dopant surcharges. The interaction between bulk perovskites (pellet) and water vapor was studied by impedance spectroscopy. Presence of the ionic transport even at low RH values is observed from the bulk frequency-capacitance spectra. The EIS results of the bulk sample confirm that the proton transfer operates only by charge transfer kinetics and not diffusion process to metals (up to 90% RH). Among all the proposed sensors, the device contains of 3 mol% magnesia exhibits the most capacitance change (21 pF – 25200 pF) with the sensitivity of 335 pF/RH% in the range of 20–95% RH, and a maximum hysteresis of 5.2% RH at 60% RH. The impact of rest of dopant values on the main perovskite is negative.
{"title":"Capacitive Properties of Ceramic Humidity Sensors Made from Porous Perovskite Films","authors":"Hamid Farahani, R. Wagiran, G. Urban","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278628","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, ceramic-based capacitive humidity sensors based on the barium strontium titanate perovskite nanocomposite and doped with the various concentrations of magnesia nanoparticles were fabricated and investigated. The particle size of the sensing elements is varied from 56 nm to 35 nm per dopant surcharges. The interaction between bulk perovskites (pellet) and water vapor was studied by impedance spectroscopy. Presence of the ionic transport even at low RH values is observed from the bulk frequency-capacitance spectra. The EIS results of the bulk sample confirm that the proton transfer operates only by charge transfer kinetics and not diffusion process to metals (up to 90% RH). Among all the proposed sensors, the device contains of 3 mol% magnesia exhibits the most capacitance change (21 pF – 25200 pF) with the sensitivity of 335 pF/RH% in the range of 20–95% RH, and a maximum hysteresis of 5.2% RH at 60% RH. The impact of rest of dopant values on the main perovskite is negative.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131305547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278581
A. Somov, E. Kovalska, A. Baldycheva
We demonstrate a sensitive wearable temperature sensor integrated with graphene electrodes on a flexible polyvinyl chloride substrate. The polymer-assisted transfer method of graphene provides a facile and cost-effective way for sensor fabrication. The graphene-enabled temperature sensor demonstrates good performance and opportunity of extending its functionality with processing and wireless communication features. This assigned to the excellent flexibility, stability to the ambient conditions, and thermal sensitivity within the human body temperature range. The fabricated sensor is feasible for temperature monitoring in real-time and sending the measured data at 2.4 GHz over wireless network. Such wearable graphene-enabled sensor with processing and wireless communication capabilities is vital for the new generation healthcare control and human-machine interface systems.
{"title":"Wireless Graphene Temperature Sensor","authors":"A. Somov, E. Kovalska, A. Baldycheva","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278581","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate a sensitive wearable temperature sensor integrated with graphene electrodes on a flexible polyvinyl chloride substrate. The polymer-assisted transfer method of graphene provides a facile and cost-effective way for sensor fabrication. The graphene-enabled temperature sensor demonstrates good performance and opportunity of extending its functionality with processing and wireless communication features. This assigned to the excellent flexibility, stability to the ambient conditions, and thermal sensitivity within the human body temperature range. The fabricated sensor is feasible for temperature monitoring in real-time and sending the measured data at 2.4 GHz over wireless network. Such wearable graphene-enabled sensor with processing and wireless communication capabilities is vital for the new generation healthcare control and human-machine interface systems.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115520759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278850
A. Steijlen, J. Bastemeijer, K. Jansen, P. French, A. Bossche
Sweat sensor patches offer new opportunities for unobtrusive monitoring of an athlete’s physical status. This paper presents a novel sweat rate and sweat conductivity patch that is easy to prototype and can be made with common low-cost production techniques: laser cutting and standard printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing. The device consists of a patch made from hydrophilic PET foil, a double-sided adhesive and a thin PCB with gold electrodes. Two electrodes, which are continuously in contact with the inflowing fluid, measure the sweat conductivity and a separate system with interdigitated electrodes measures the filling process of the reservoirs. Impedance measurement results of both systems demonstrate the working of the concept.
{"title":"A novel sweat rate and conductivity sensor patch made with low-cost fabrication techniques","authors":"A. Steijlen, J. Bastemeijer, K. Jansen, P. French, A. Bossche","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278850","url":null,"abstract":"Sweat sensor patches offer new opportunities for unobtrusive monitoring of an athlete’s physical status. This paper presents a novel sweat rate and sweat conductivity patch that is easy to prototype and can be made with common low-cost production techniques: laser cutting and standard printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing. The device consists of a patch made from hydrophilic PET foil, a double-sided adhesive and a thin PCB with gold electrodes. Two electrodes, which are continuously in contact with the inflowing fluid, measure the sweat conductivity and a separate system with interdigitated electrodes measures the filling process of the reservoirs. Impedance measurement results of both systems demonstrate the working of the concept.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124268188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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