Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278583
A. Cossettini, Denis Brandalise, P. Palestri, A. Bertacchini, M. Ramponi, F. Widdershoven, L. Benini, L. Selmi
We report unprecedented ultra high frequency capacitance spectroscopy measurements up to 500 MHz on a nanoelectrode array for biosensing applications, which extends considerably the previous 70 MHz limit. To achieve this goal, a high-frequency adapter board and measurement system are designed to drive the sensing nanoelectrodes of an existing biochip with appropriate clocks generated by an advanced high-speed pulser. Experimental results in dry and in electrolyte conditions are reported. The extended frequency range enables to overcome the Debye screening cut-off frequency of electrolytes at physiological salt concentrations, thus disclosing new perspectives for single molecule detection.
{"title":"Ultra-High Frequency (500 MHz) Capacitance Spectroscopy for Nanobiosensing","authors":"A. Cossettini, Denis Brandalise, P. Palestri, A. Bertacchini, M. Ramponi, F. Widdershoven, L. Benini, L. Selmi","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278583","url":null,"abstract":"We report unprecedented ultra high frequency capacitance spectroscopy measurements up to 500 MHz on a nanoelectrode array for biosensing applications, which extends considerably the previous 70 MHz limit. To achieve this goal, a high-frequency adapter board and measurement system are designed to drive the sensing nanoelectrodes of an existing biochip with appropriate clocks generated by an advanced high-speed pulser. Experimental results in dry and in electrolyte conditions are reported. The extended frequency range enables to overcome the Debye screening cut-off frequency of electrolytes at physiological salt concentrations, thus disclosing new perspectives for single molecule detection.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"AES-22 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120998294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278877
Navid Farhoudi, J. Magda, F. Solzbacher, C. Reiche
Smart hydrogel structures can be used as chemical sensing components to measure the changes in the environmental concentration of analytes of biomedical relevance. Sensing schemes using smart hydrogels rely on the transduction of the stimulated change of the hydrogels’ physical properties into a usable signal. Recently, we reported on such a sensing technique employing resonance absorption of ultrasound in smart hydrogel microresonator structures as well as in a hydrogel sheet using medical ultrasound imaging as the transduction method. However, the mold-based fabrication process limited the possible geometries of the hydrogel structures, which resulted in a constrained response time. In this publication, we present an improved fast and cost-efficient fabrication process to create arrays of free-standing stimuli-responsive hydrogel pillars that can be used to address this challenge along with first preliminary experimental results using these smart hydrogel structures for ionic strength sensing.
{"title":"Fabrication Process for Free-Standing Smart Hydrogel Pillars for Sensing Applications","authors":"Navid Farhoudi, J. Magda, F. Solzbacher, C. Reiche","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278877","url":null,"abstract":"Smart hydrogel structures can be used as chemical sensing components to measure the changes in the environmental concentration of analytes of biomedical relevance. Sensing schemes using smart hydrogels rely on the transduction of the stimulated change of the hydrogels’ physical properties into a usable signal. Recently, we reported on such a sensing technique employing resonance absorption of ultrasound in smart hydrogel microresonator structures as well as in a hydrogel sheet using medical ultrasound imaging as the transduction method. However, the mold-based fabrication process limited the possible geometries of the hydrogel structures, which resulted in a constrained response time. In this publication, we present an improved fast and cost-efficient fabrication process to create arrays of free-standing stimuli-responsive hydrogel pillars that can be used to address this challenge along with first preliminary experimental results using these smart hydrogel structures for ionic strength sensing.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121694644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278817
Xingzhe Zhang, D. Maddipatla, A. K. Bose, B. B. Narakathu, John D. Williams, Michael F. Mitchell, M. Atashbar
A printed flexible humidity sensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) composite was fabricated for humidity sensing applications. The electrical response (resistance and impedance) of the sensor was investigated as a function of excitation signal frequency for optimizing the sensor performance, in terms of sensitivity. The MWCNT/HEC composite was gravure printed as the sensing layer on a flexible polyimide substrate. Silver based interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) were then screen printed on top of the sensing layer. The resistance and impedance responses of the sensor was measured for varying relative humidity (RH) (20% RH to 60% RH, increased in steps of 10% RH)) and for different excitation signal frequencies ranging from 0.1 kHz to 80 kHz. It was observed that the overall sensitivity for resistance and impedance response decreased by 79% and 60%, as the excitation signal frequency was increased from 0.1 kHz to 80 kHz, respectively. In addition, variations in resistance and impedance response increased by 70% and 63% as the excitation signal frequency was increased from 0.1 kHz to 80 kHz, respectively. The results demonstrated that the 1 kHz excitation signal frequency was the optimum frequency for measuring the resistive and impedance responses of the humidity sensor to obtain high sensitivity with high repeatability.
{"title":"Effect of Excitation Signal Frequency on the Electrical Response of a MWCNT/HEC Composite Based Humidity Sensor","authors":"Xingzhe Zhang, D. Maddipatla, A. K. Bose, B. B. Narakathu, John D. Williams, Michael F. Mitchell, M. Atashbar","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278817","url":null,"abstract":"A printed flexible humidity sensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) composite was fabricated for humidity sensing applications. The electrical response (resistance and impedance) of the sensor was investigated as a function of excitation signal frequency for optimizing the sensor performance, in terms of sensitivity. The MWCNT/HEC composite was gravure printed as the sensing layer on a flexible polyimide substrate. Silver based interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) were then screen printed on top of the sensing layer. The resistance and impedance responses of the sensor was measured for varying relative humidity (RH) (20% RH to 60% RH, increased in steps of 10% RH)) and for different excitation signal frequencies ranging from 0.1 kHz to 80 kHz. It was observed that the overall sensitivity for resistance and impedance response decreased by 79% and 60%, as the excitation signal frequency was increased from 0.1 kHz to 80 kHz, respectively. In addition, variations in resistance and impedance response increased by 70% and 63% as the excitation signal frequency was increased from 0.1 kHz to 80 kHz, respectively. The results demonstrated that the 1 kHz excitation signal frequency was the optimum frequency for measuring the resistive and impedance responses of the humidity sensor to obtain high sensitivity with high repeatability.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"749 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123866910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278795
Jie Zhou, M. Dietrich, P. Walden, J. Kolb, M. Doppelbauer
This article introduces a new method to correct the nonorthogonality of an angle position sensor based on Atan2- function without determination of the phase shift. Furthermore, to compensate the nonorthogonality and amplitude mismatch a more accurate method is proposed by using principal component analysis. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of both methods are discussed, compared to the conventional methods.
{"title":"New Correction Methods for Nonorthogonality and Amplitude Mismatch of Angle Position Sensor by Using Atan2-Function","authors":"Jie Zhou, M. Dietrich, P. Walden, J. Kolb, M. Doppelbauer","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278795","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces a new method to correct the nonorthogonality of an angle position sensor based on Atan2- function without determination of the phase shift. Furthermore, to compensate the nonorthogonality and amplitude mismatch a more accurate method is proposed by using principal component analysis. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of both methods are discussed, compared to the conventional methods.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121454686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278829
D. H. Vieira, N. Badiei, J. Evans, N. Alves, J. Kettle, Lijie Li
β-Ga2O3 is a promising semiconductor for electronic devices. In the present work we have demonstrated a novel method for manufacturing a β-Ga2O3 Schottky diode, in which the same electrode material is used for both contacts. The device is tested it for its applicability in deep UV sensing. Devices were manufactured directly onto β-Ga2O3 (010) wafer material. From the perspective of diode performance, a high rectification ratio of 1.5x107 and high forward current of 17.58 mA/cm2 at −5 V bias was obtained. A responsivity of 12.5 mA/W was recorded when irradiated with light possessing a wavelength of 254 nm. Importantly, detailed analysis is conducted in order to evaluate the performance of the Schottky diode using Cheung’s and Norde’s methods allowing for accurate calculation of the Schottky barrier height in this device.
{"title":"Electrical characterisation of β-Ga2O3 Schottky diode for deep UV sensor applications","authors":"D. H. Vieira, N. Badiei, J. Evans, N. Alves, J. Kettle, Lijie Li","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278829","url":null,"abstract":"β-Ga2O3 is a promising semiconductor for electronic devices. In the present work we have demonstrated a novel method for manufacturing a β-Ga2O3 Schottky diode, in which the same electrode material is used for both contacts. The device is tested it for its applicability in deep UV sensing. Devices were manufactured directly onto β-Ga2O3 (010) wafer material. From the perspective of diode performance, a high rectification ratio of 1.5x107 and high forward current of 17.58 mA/cm2 at −5 V bias was obtained. A responsivity of 12.5 mA/W was recorded when irradiated with light possessing a wavelength of 254 nm. Importantly, detailed analysis is conducted in order to evaluate the performance of the Schottky diode using Cheung’s and Norde’s methods allowing for accurate calculation of the Schottky barrier height in this device.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125209381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278598
S. Muravyov, P. Baranov, L. I. Khudonogova, Minh Dai Ho
To increase the accuracy of measurements in navigation systems, data from several MEMS sensors of the same type are traditionally processed to obtain the single value with minimal possible uncertainty. In this paper, it is proposed a method for precise processing of output data from inertial micro sensors based on the interval fusion with preference aggregation (IF&PA). The measurement data acquired from MEMS gyroscopes were processed by the IF&PA method. The results have shown that the proposed method allows to obtain the resulting estimate of the value with significantly lower uncertainty in comparison with traditional method. Thus, the IF&PA provides an opportunity to reduce the equipment cost without sacrificing the quality of measurement results.
{"title":"Inertial MEMS Sensors Accuracy Improvement by Interval Fusion with Preference Aggregation","authors":"S. Muravyov, P. Baranov, L. I. Khudonogova, Minh Dai Ho","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278598","url":null,"abstract":"To increase the accuracy of measurements in navigation systems, data from several MEMS sensors of the same type are traditionally processed to obtain the single value with minimal possible uncertainty. In this paper, it is proposed a method for precise processing of output data from inertial micro sensors based on the interval fusion with preference aggregation (IF&PA). The measurement data acquired from MEMS gyroscopes were processed by the IF&PA method. The results have shown that the proposed method allows to obtain the resulting estimate of the value with significantly lower uncertainty in comparison with traditional method. Thus, the IF&PA provides an opportunity to reduce the equipment cost without sacrificing the quality of measurement results.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125636498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278790
A. Golparvar, M. Yapici
Several airplanes crashes throughout the past decades are linked to the failure of the airplane flow velocity sensor known as pitot device or pitot tube. The study of its behavior in blockage, either due to human errors or due to environmental factors, could be valuable in the development of safer, more sustainable, and robust velocity sensors with improved performance. This work aims to look into this widely used but not very widely studied sensor and presents a three-dimensional model of a pitot device along with its analysis when either one of its ports is blocked. Results show that in blockage condition pitot tubes can overestimate the velocity up to ~ %5.6.
{"title":"Analysis of Pitot tube Airflow Velocity Sensor Behavior in Blockage Situations","authors":"A. Golparvar, M. Yapici","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278790","url":null,"abstract":"Several airplanes crashes throughout the past decades are linked to the failure of the airplane flow velocity sensor known as pitot device or pitot tube. The study of its behavior in blockage, either due to human errors or due to environmental factors, could be valuable in the development of safer, more sustainable, and robust velocity sensors with improved performance. This work aims to look into this widely used but not very widely studied sensor and presents a three-dimensional model of a pitot device along with its analysis when either one of its ports is blocked. Results show that in blockage condition pitot tubes can overestimate the velocity up to ~ %5.6.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"2011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125639370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278670
Jin Wang, Masayoshi Tanaka, M. Okochi
In this study, quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor based on 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) recognition peptide functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for TNT explosive detection was developed. The SWCNTs were immobilized on the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) cysteamine modified QCM gold-chip surface. Through π-stacking interaction, the specific TNT recognition peptide (named TNTHCDR3) was anchored on the SWCNTs surface. The results revealed that the peptide-SWCNTs hybrid modified QCM sensor offered highly selective detection of TNT explosive.
{"title":"Quartz Crystal Microbalance Sensor Based on Peptide Anchored Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Highly Selective TNT Explosive Detection","authors":"Jin Wang, Masayoshi Tanaka, M. Okochi","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278670","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor based on 2, 4, 6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) recognition peptide functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) for TNT explosive detection was developed. The SWCNTs were immobilized on the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) cysteamine modified QCM gold-chip surface. Through π-stacking interaction, the specific TNT recognition peptide (named TNTHCDR3) was anchored on the SWCNTs surface. The results revealed that the peptide-SWCNTs hybrid modified QCM sensor offered highly selective detection of TNT explosive.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"17 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114006530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278913
Siavash Esfahani, Piers Rollins, Jan Peter Specht, M. Cole, J. Gardner
Indoor and outdoor air pollution is known to cause many health problems. In order to improve air quality it is essential to monitor relevant parameters and identify sources of pollutants. This paper presents the design and development of a low-cost, portable Internet of Things (IoT) Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) monitoring system with 30 hours of battery life. The unit is intended for the monitoring of total VOCs, CO2, PM2.5, PM10, temperature, humidity and illuminance. The system can be used for both real-time measurements as well as hourly and daily averaging, in low power modes, and interfaces with a custom Blynk smartphone app, developed for easy user engagement. The device calculates a qualitative air quality index from measurements taken in-situ, based on United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards. Environmental data is used by the system to provide recommendations, such as increasing ventilation or reducing activity levels, which can help users improve their air quality. This system can be used as a node to monitor air quality in large scale networks for Smart Cities.
{"title":"Smart City Battery Operated IoT Based Indoor Air Quality Monitoring System","authors":"Siavash Esfahani, Piers Rollins, Jan Peter Specht, M. Cole, J. Gardner","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278913","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor and outdoor air pollution is known to cause many health problems. In order to improve air quality it is essential to monitor relevant parameters and identify sources of pollutants. This paper presents the design and development of a low-cost, portable Internet of Things (IoT) Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) monitoring system with 30 hours of battery life. The unit is intended for the monitoring of total VOCs, CO2, PM2.5, PM10, temperature, humidity and illuminance. The system can be used for both real-time measurements as well as hourly and daily averaging, in low power modes, and interfaces with a custom Blynk smartphone app, developed for easy user engagement. The device calculates a qualitative air quality index from measurements taken in-situ, based on United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) standards. Environmental data is used by the system to provide recommendations, such as increasing ventilation or reducing activity levels, which can help users improve their air quality. This system can be used as a node to monitor air quality in large scale networks for Smart Cities.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131109766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278815
J. Claßen, Florian Kult, Dusan Radovic, Thomas Zebrowski, A. Jemili, Andrea Visconti, C. Ezekwe, A. Buhmann, M. Dietrich, A. Grosse, R. Maul, Carsten Geckeler, R. Eid
MEMS based Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) are being widely used in consumer electronic devices for a large variety of applications. We provide an overview of three generations of IMUs developed at Bosch in the past years. Significant progress of design and technology has been made in electronics, micromechanics, and system integration. We discuss some of the technical challenges and achievements leading to improvements in key parameters like package size, power consumption, and performance.
{"title":"Evolution of Bosch Inertial Measurement Units for Consumer Electronics","authors":"J. Claßen, Florian Kult, Dusan Radovic, Thomas Zebrowski, A. Jemili, Andrea Visconti, C. Ezekwe, A. Buhmann, M. Dietrich, A. Grosse, R. Maul, Carsten Geckeler, R. Eid","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278815","url":null,"abstract":"MEMS based Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) are being widely used in consumer electronic devices for a large variety of applications. We provide an overview of three generations of IMUs developed at Bosch in the past years. Significant progress of design and technology has been made in electronics, micromechanics, and system integration. We discuss some of the technical challenges and achievements leading to improvements in key parameters like package size, power consumption, and performance.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128125926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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