Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278767
Hiroyuki Nakamoto, Akiko Kaji
This paper aims the development of a nondestructive inspection system for illumination pillars. The system detects the corrosion of a pillar by a screening inspection with a guided wave. Corrosion mainly occurs in the root part of the pillar in the ground. Small corrosion scatters and attenuates the guided wave. The soil around the root part of the pillar also attenuates the guided wave. Accurate detection of the corrosion needs to estimate the attenuation of the guided wave by the soil. This paper derives an attenuation variable from a model of a pillar partially buried in the soil. Experiments using electromagnetic acoustic transducers demonstrate guided wave propagation. We verify the attenuation variable of T(0,1) and L(0,2) modes from the experimental data.
{"title":"Attenuation of Ultrasonic Guided Wave on Buried Illumination Pillar","authors":"Hiroyuki Nakamoto, Akiko Kaji","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278767","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims the development of a nondestructive inspection system for illumination pillars. The system detects the corrosion of a pillar by a screening inspection with a guided wave. Corrosion mainly occurs in the root part of the pillar in the ground. Small corrosion scatters and attenuates the guided wave. The soil around the root part of the pillar also attenuates the guided wave. Accurate detection of the corrosion needs to estimate the attenuation of the guided wave by the soil. This paper derives an attenuation variable from a model of a pillar partially buried in the soil. Experiments using electromagnetic acoustic transducers demonstrate guided wave propagation. We verify the attenuation variable of T(0,1) and L(0,2) modes from the experimental data.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127846247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278945
S. Bader, Xinyv Ma, B. Oelmann
Ambient light measurements and an understanding of light conditions are essential for the accurate estimation of available energy in indoor photovoltaic applications. Light conditions may vary with respect to illumination intensity, duration, and spectral composition. Although the importance of the light spectrum has been documented in laboratory studies, previous distributed measurement methods are limited to intensity as a measure for output power. In this paper, we propose and implement a system for distributed measurement of light conditions that includes spectral information with low overhead. Based on a prototype implementation, we demonstrate that the illumination intensity and spectrum varies considerably over time and space, which confirms the demand for the proposed solution. We, moreover, characterize the energy consumption of the prototype, demonstrating that long-term, unattended characterization of light conditions can be achieved.
{"title":"Distributed Measurement of Light Conditions for Indoor Photovoltaic Applications","authors":"S. Bader, Xinyv Ma, B. Oelmann","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278945","url":null,"abstract":"Ambient light measurements and an understanding of light conditions are essential for the accurate estimation of available energy in indoor photovoltaic applications. Light conditions may vary with respect to illumination intensity, duration, and spectral composition. Although the importance of the light spectrum has been documented in laboratory studies, previous distributed measurement methods are limited to intensity as a measure for output power. In this paper, we propose and implement a system for distributed measurement of light conditions that includes spectral information with low overhead. Based on a prototype implementation, we demonstrate that the illumination intensity and spectrum varies considerably over time and space, which confirms the demand for the proposed solution. We, moreover, characterize the energy consumption of the prototype, demonstrating that long-term, unattended characterization of light conditions can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"278 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132410695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278849
Kohei Tomioka, Toshio Yasue, R. Funatsu, Kodai Kikuchi, T. Matsubara, T. Yamashita, S. Kawahito
This paper describes the noise reduction effect of a folding-integration (FI) ADC applied to an 8K image sensor. To maximize the sampling number in correlated multiple sampling (CMS), we implement duplicated pixel source followers, which are operated alternately to reduce the time needed for them to settle. This architecture facilitates sampling numbers of 6, 14, and 30 at 120, 60, and 30 fps, respectively. To investigate the relationship between noise reduction effect and sampling number, the input referred noise of the readout circuit from the pixel-to-column ADC is estimated via theoretical calculations and compared with measurements. As a result, the random noise levels of 3.2, 2.0, and 1.5 e- were measured at sampling numbers of 6, 14, and 30, respectively, corresponding well with the calculated results. Furthermore, theoretical calculations revealed that the thermal noise component is dominant at higher frame rates while 1/f noise from the source follower becomes dominant at lower frame rates.
{"title":"Noise Reduction Effect of Folding-integration ADC in an 8K Image Sensor driven at Various Frame Rates","authors":"Kohei Tomioka, Toshio Yasue, R. Funatsu, Kodai Kikuchi, T. Matsubara, T. Yamashita, S. Kawahito","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278849","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the noise reduction effect of a folding-integration (FI) ADC applied to an 8K image sensor. To maximize the sampling number in correlated multiple sampling (CMS), we implement duplicated pixel source followers, which are operated alternately to reduce the time needed for them to settle. This architecture facilitates sampling numbers of 6, 14, and 30 at 120, 60, and 30 fps, respectively. To investigate the relationship between noise reduction effect and sampling number, the input referred noise of the readout circuit from the pixel-to-column ADC is estimated via theoretical calculations and compared with measurements. As a result, the random noise levels of 3.2, 2.0, and 1.5 e- were measured at sampling numbers of 6, 14, and 30, respectively, corresponding well with the calculated results. Furthermore, theoretical calculations revealed that the thermal noise component is dominant at higher frame rates while 1/f noise from the source follower becomes dominant at lower frame rates.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"446 1-3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132411905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278697
Babak Jamali, D. Ramalingam, A. Babakhani
Millimeter-wave radars offer a practical solution to distinguish objects made of different materials, shapes, and compositions. In this work, radar classification of various materials is demonstrated using a broadband millimeter-wave CMOS integrated receiver. The receiver is used to record the transmitted power through multiple solid materials at various distances from the receiver in the W-band (75–110 GHz). Three supervised machine learning tools are trained by the recorded data to classify these materials into different categories. The trained classifiers were used to predict material and thickness of objects with varying distances from the receiver with accuracy levels of higher than 96% in material classification and 88% in thickness classification.
{"title":"Intelligent Material Classification and Identification Using a Broadband Millimeter-Wave Frequency Comb Receiver","authors":"Babak Jamali, D. Ramalingam, A. Babakhani","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278697","url":null,"abstract":"Millimeter-wave radars offer a practical solution to distinguish objects made of different materials, shapes, and compositions. In this work, radar classification of various materials is demonstrated using a broadband millimeter-wave CMOS integrated receiver. The receiver is used to record the transmitted power through multiple solid materials at various distances from the receiver in the W-band (75–110 GHz). Three supervised machine learning tools are trained by the recorded data to classify these materials into different categories. The trained classifiers were used to predict material and thickness of objects with varying distances from the receiver with accuracy levels of higher than 96% in material classification and 88% in thickness classification.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114922063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278593
C. Ti, Atakan B. Ari, Ezgi Orhan, Miguel Gonzalez, C. Yanik, I. Kaya, M. Hanay, K. Ekinci
Electrical readout of nanomechanical motion in ambient pressure and temperature imposes an important challenge for emerging applications of nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Here, we optimize a metallic piezoresistive motion transducer for NEMS resonators in air. The nanomechanical motion of the NEMS resonator serves as a signal down-mixer and enables the detection of the motional signal by a low-frequency circuit. A balanced circuit in the detection loop reduces some of the unwanted background and allows for detection without significant losses. We explore the detection parameter space and use an optimized parameter set to detect the fundamental, second and third harmonic resonances of a NEMS doubly-clamped beam resonator. Our simple circuit model agrees with experimental observations and points the way for further optimization.
{"title":"Optimization of Piezoresistive Motion Detection for Ambient NEMS Applications","authors":"C. Ti, Atakan B. Ari, Ezgi Orhan, Miguel Gonzalez, C. Yanik, I. Kaya, M. Hanay, K. Ekinci","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278593","url":null,"abstract":"Electrical readout of nanomechanical motion in ambient pressure and temperature imposes an important challenge for emerging applications of nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS). Here, we optimize a metallic piezoresistive motion transducer for NEMS resonators in air. The nanomechanical motion of the NEMS resonator serves as a signal down-mixer and enables the detection of the motional signal by a low-frequency circuit. A balanced circuit in the detection loop reduces some of the unwanted background and allows for detection without significant losses. We explore the detection parameter space and use an optimized parameter set to detect the fundamental, second and third harmonic resonances of a NEMS doubly-clamped beam resonator. Our simple circuit model agrees with experimental observations and points the way for further optimization.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133565254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278857
J. Muñoz-Enano, Pau Casacuberta, L. Su, P. Vélez, M. Gil, F. Martín
This paper reports a detailed analysis of reflective-mode phase-variation sensors based on open-ended microstrip lines. These sensors are useful for measuring dielectric constants or other variables related to it (e.g., material or liquid composition). For that purpose, the so-called material under test (MUT) should be placed on top of the open-ended line, the sensing region. A change in the dielectric constant of the MUT modifies the electrical length and the characteristic impedance of the sensing line, thereby varying the phase of the reflection coefficient, the output variable. The analysis provides the optimum conditions for sensitivity optimization. It is concluded that either high-impedance 90° or low-impedance 180° sensing lines are needed in order to obtain a strong dependence of the phase of the reflection coefficient with the dielectric constant of the MUT. Such conclusions are validated by electromagnetic simulations and experiments.
{"title":"Open-Ended-Line Reflective-Mode Phase-Variation Sensors for Dielectric Constant Measurements","authors":"J. Muñoz-Enano, Pau Casacuberta, L. Su, P. Vélez, M. Gil, F. Martín","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278857","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports a detailed analysis of reflective-mode phase-variation sensors based on open-ended microstrip lines. These sensors are useful for measuring dielectric constants or other variables related to it (e.g., material or liquid composition). For that purpose, the so-called material under test (MUT) should be placed on top of the open-ended line, the sensing region. A change in the dielectric constant of the MUT modifies the electrical length and the characteristic impedance of the sensing line, thereby varying the phase of the reflection coefficient, the output variable. The analysis provides the optimum conditions for sensitivity optimization. It is concluded that either high-impedance 90° or low-impedance 180° sensing lines are needed in order to obtain a strong dependence of the phase of the reflection coefficient with the dielectric constant of the MUT. Such conclusions are validated by electromagnetic simulations and experiments.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133635572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278755
Chi-Shih Jao, Yusheng Wang, A. Shkel
In this paper, we propose a zero velocity detector, referred to as the Ultrasound-Aided Stance Hypothesis Optimal dEtection (UA-SHOE), for foot-mounted Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) aided by a downward-facing range sensor. The proposed detector is derived mathematically in a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) framework. We compare the effectiveness of the proposed UA-SHOE detector with two known and commonly used approaches, the Stance Hypothesis Optimal dEtection (SHOE) detector [1] and the Ultrasonic-only Stance Phase Detection (USPD) detector [2]. The Circular Error Probable (CEP) and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the navigation results are used to evaluate the three detectors. The experimental results of walking and running cases showed that the UA-SHOE detector improved errors by 27.5% and 11.3%, as compared to the USPD detector. The experimental results also illustrated that the RMSEs of the proposed UA-SHOE detector had a comparable accuracy to the commonly used SHOE detector in the walking case and outperformed the SHOE detector by more than 50% in the running experiments.
{"title":"A Zero Velocity Detector for Foot-mounted Inertial Navigation Systems Aided by Downward-facing Range Sensor","authors":"Chi-Shih Jao, Yusheng Wang, A. Shkel","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278755","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a zero velocity detector, referred to as the Ultrasound-Aided Stance Hypothesis Optimal dEtection (UA-SHOE), for foot-mounted Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) aided by a downward-facing range sensor. The proposed detector is derived mathematically in a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) framework. We compare the effectiveness of the proposed UA-SHOE detector with two known and commonly used approaches, the Stance Hypothesis Optimal dEtection (SHOE) detector [1] and the Ultrasonic-only Stance Phase Detection (USPD) detector [2]. The Circular Error Probable (CEP) and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of the navigation results are used to evaluate the three detectors. The experimental results of walking and running cases showed that the UA-SHOE detector improved errors by 27.5% and 11.3%, as compared to the USPD detector. The experimental results also illustrated that the RMSEs of the proposed UA-SHOE detector had a comparable accuracy to the commonly used SHOE detector in the walking case and outperformed the SHOE detector by more than 50% in the running experiments.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133662909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278633
Koji Yuhashi, M. Nishiyama, J. Ida, S. Kubodera, Kazuhiro Watanabe
In this paper, we proposed hetero-core optical fiber temperature sensors with an Au and TiO2 multilayer film formed by the sputtering and Layer-by-Layer (LbL) stacking technique. A TiO2 is known as a material with a relatively large temperature coefficient of refractive index. In our previous work, a hetero-core fiber optic temperature sensor based on surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) utilizing the Au and TiO2 formed by the sputtering has been proposed, which could measure the temperature less than 50 °C. The sensitivity of the temperature sensor improves with increasing thickness of the TiO2 film formed on the optical fiber. In order to improve the deposition rate of the TiO2 thin film, we tried to form the TiO2 film by the LbL technique. We experimentally confirmed that the sensitivities in the optical loss change of the hetero-core fiber SPR sensor with the Au/TiO2 multilayer film made by the sputtering and by the LbL method were 1.5 × 10-3 dB/°C and 2.9 × 10-3 dB/°C with ranging from 100 to 300 °C at the wavelength of 900 nm and 850 nm, respectively.
{"title":"Temperature characteristics of hetero-core optical fiber Au/TiO2 SPR sensors fabricated by sputtering and Layer-by-Layer stacking techniques","authors":"Koji Yuhashi, M. Nishiyama, J. Ida, S. Kubodera, Kazuhiro Watanabe","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278633","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we proposed hetero-core optical fiber temperature sensors with an Au and TiO2 multilayer film formed by the sputtering and Layer-by-Layer (LbL) stacking technique. A TiO2 is known as a material with a relatively large temperature coefficient of refractive index. In our previous work, a hetero-core fiber optic temperature sensor based on surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) utilizing the Au and TiO2 formed by the sputtering has been proposed, which could measure the temperature less than 50 °C. The sensitivity of the temperature sensor improves with increasing thickness of the TiO2 film formed on the optical fiber. In order to improve the deposition rate of the TiO2 thin film, we tried to form the TiO2 film by the LbL technique. We experimentally confirmed that the sensitivities in the optical loss change of the hetero-core fiber SPR sensor with the Au/TiO2 multilayer film made by the sputtering and by the LbL method were 1.5 × 10-3 dB/°C and 2.9 × 10-3 dB/°C with ranging from 100 to 300 °C at the wavelength of 900 nm and 850 nm, respectively.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130500924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278838
Asier Rodriguez-Garde, A. B. Socorro-Leránoz, Maria Elena Martinez, Javier Goicoechea Fernández, I. Matías
In this work, fiber-optic voltage sensors based on the deposition of gold nanocoatings, either in form of nanoparticles or planar thin-films are reported. A first optrode is manufactured by using in-situ synthesis of gold nanoparticles within a polymer matrix, leading to localized surface plasmon resonances. The second probe is manufactured by sputtering a planar gold thin-film onto the optical fiber. The obtained results confirm the possibility of detecting electrical events by means of plasmonic optical fiber sensors with sensitivities ranging from 0.05dB/V in the case of LSPRs to 0.12dB/V in the case of SPRs.
{"title":"Dynamic Response of Gold-coated Optical Fiber Sensors Subjected to Voltage Variations","authors":"Asier Rodriguez-Garde, A. B. Socorro-Leránoz, Maria Elena Martinez, Javier Goicoechea Fernández, I. Matías","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278838","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, fiber-optic voltage sensors based on the deposition of gold nanocoatings, either in form of nanoparticles or planar thin-films are reported. A first optrode is manufactured by using in-situ synthesis of gold nanoparticles within a polymer matrix, leading to localized surface plasmon resonances. The second probe is manufactured by sputtering a planar gold thin-film onto the optical fiber. The obtained results confirm the possibility of detecting electrical events by means of plasmonic optical fiber sensors with sensitivities ranging from 0.05dB/V in the case of LSPRs to 0.12dB/V in the case of SPRs.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130653766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-25DOI: 10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278677
Kuo Lu, Qingsong Li, D. Xiao, Xin Zhou, Kai Wu, Yi Xu, Jiangkun Sun, T. Zhao, Xuezhong Wu
In order to evaluate the impact of high frequency excitation signals, especially frequency-doubled signals, on the gyroscope’s performance, an analysis of the subharmonic excitation in a disk MEMS gyroscope is presented in this paper. Due to the existence of the quadratic nonlinearity, when subharmonic (double frequency) excitation signals are applied on electrodes, the gyroscope’s response converts to a mixed signal of the fundamental frequency and the double frequency. Based on the multi-scale method, the response of the disk gyroscope with quadratic nonlinearity is analyzed and tested under the subharmonic excitation. Compared with the primary excitation, the subharmonic response proves to have an additional time-varying response in addition to a steady-state response, indicating that it is a combination of different signals and depends on the oscillation time. The evolution of the periodic solution is closely related to the strength of the subharmonic excitation signal, which also determines the final manifestation of the gyroscope’s response after a long time. The work presented in this paper could help to better understand the subharmonic response of the MEMS gyroscope and analyze the impact of the high frequency noise.
{"title":"The Analysis of the Subharmonic Excitation in a Disk MEMS Gyroscope","authors":"Kuo Lu, Qingsong Li, D. Xiao, Xin Zhou, Kai Wu, Yi Xu, Jiangkun Sun, T. Zhao, Xuezhong Wu","doi":"10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS47125.2020.9278677","url":null,"abstract":"In order to evaluate the impact of high frequency excitation signals, especially frequency-doubled signals, on the gyroscope’s performance, an analysis of the subharmonic excitation in a disk MEMS gyroscope is presented in this paper. Due to the existence of the quadratic nonlinearity, when subharmonic (double frequency) excitation signals are applied on electrodes, the gyroscope’s response converts to a mixed signal of the fundamental frequency and the double frequency. Based on the multi-scale method, the response of the disk gyroscope with quadratic nonlinearity is analyzed and tested under the subharmonic excitation. Compared with the primary excitation, the subharmonic response proves to have an additional time-varying response in addition to a steady-state response, indicating that it is a combination of different signals and depends on the oscillation time. The evolution of the periodic solution is closely related to the strength of the subharmonic excitation signal, which also determines the final manifestation of the gyroscope’s response after a long time. The work presented in this paper could help to better understand the subharmonic response of the MEMS gyroscope and analyze the impact of the high frequency noise.","PeriodicalId":338240,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Sensors","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130978956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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