Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703501
Vahid Darvishi, M. Navidbakhsh, S. Amanpour
Cancer is a disease that has no definite treatment yet, and its mortality rate is high. In recent years a new method called hyperthermia has been wide-spread in clinical investigations. In this method magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been injected into the cancerous tumor and warmed up to kill cancerous cells. It has been a promising method for cancer treatment but there is a lack of knowledge about temperature distribution after injection yet. In this article, the maximum temperature caused by hyperthermia with MNPs has been investigated by using a numerical method and information about MNPs distribution from recent experimental investigations done by authors. Changing the temperature’s boundary condition has also been studied to find how they can affect temperature distribution in tumor and maximum temperature. Finally, the ablation of cancerous tumors and surrounding healthy tissue has been calculated and achieving the best initial and boundary conditions for using this method to treat cancer has been discussed. Results show that the effect of hyperthermia on treatment can be increased and the time required for treatment can be reduced with the rise in body temperature before hyperthermia. Results show that the effect of hyperthermia on treatment can be increased and the time required for treatment can be reduced with the rise in body temperature before hyperthermia. Results also show by considering the heat flux in the boundary, the distribution of temperature and thus the distribution of tissue necrosis changes and the necrotized tissue reduces in some cases that the tumor is near to the body surface.
{"title":"Effects of temperature distribution in the tissue around the tumor on the quality of hyperthermia","authors":"Vahid Darvishi, M. Navidbakhsh, S. Amanpour","doi":"10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703501","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a disease that has no definite treatment yet, and its mortality rate is high. In recent years a new method called hyperthermia has been wide-spread in clinical investigations. In this method magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been injected into the cancerous tumor and warmed up to kill cancerous cells. It has been a promising method for cancer treatment but there is a lack of knowledge about temperature distribution after injection yet. In this article, the maximum temperature caused by hyperthermia with MNPs has been investigated by using a numerical method and information about MNPs distribution from recent experimental investigations done by authors. Changing the temperature’s boundary condition has also been studied to find how they can affect temperature distribution in tumor and maximum temperature. Finally, the ablation of cancerous tumors and surrounding healthy tissue has been calculated and achieving the best initial and boundary conditions for using this method to treat cancer has been discussed. Results show that the effect of hyperthermia on treatment can be increased and the time required for treatment can be reduced with the rise in body temperature before hyperthermia. Results show that the effect of hyperthermia on treatment can be increased and the time required for treatment can be reduced with the rise in body temperature before hyperthermia. Results also show by considering the heat flux in the boundary, the distribution of temperature and thus the distribution of tissue necrosis changes and the necrotized tissue reduces in some cases that the tumor is near to the body surface.","PeriodicalId":338286,"journal":{"name":"2018 25th National and 3rd International Iranian Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115459593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703495
Fahimeh Akbarian, S. Rahbar, Sajad Shafiekhani, A. Jafari, J. Hajati
The cooperation between biologists and mathematicians made the new field of research which is called biological modeling. In this study, we employed an agent-based model for modeling tumor-immune interactions. The parameters of the agent-based model are optimized so that the results of the model can follow the experimental data from the animal assay. The probabilities of the tumor-immune interactions are formulated from this model and used to design a mixed game between tumor and immune system. The payoffs and the values of this game are calculated for every time step. The results of the game are compatible with the steady state of the system in the scenario of tumor escaping the immune system. Specifically, evaluating the game value during the simulation time enables us to find the exact moment of changing strategies in favor of tumor to win this game. This game can be used to study the dynamics of the model and how tumor and immune cells select their behavioral strategies during the time and help to get a better understanding of tumor-immune system interactions.
{"title":"Modeling the strategies of interactions between melanoma tumor and CD8+ immune cells using game theory","authors":"Fahimeh Akbarian, S. Rahbar, Sajad Shafiekhani, A. Jafari, J. Hajati","doi":"10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703495","url":null,"abstract":"The cooperation between biologists and mathematicians made the new field of research which is called biological modeling. In this study, we employed an agent-based model for modeling tumor-immune interactions. The parameters of the agent-based model are optimized so that the results of the model can follow the experimental data from the animal assay. The probabilities of the tumor-immune interactions are formulated from this model and used to design a mixed game between tumor and immune system. The payoffs and the values of this game are calculated for every time step. The results of the game are compatible with the steady state of the system in the scenario of tumor escaping the immune system. Specifically, evaluating the game value during the simulation time enables us to find the exact moment of changing strategies in favor of tumor to win this game. This game can be used to study the dynamics of the model and how tumor and immune cells select their behavioral strategies during the time and help to get a better understanding of tumor-immune system interactions.","PeriodicalId":338286,"journal":{"name":"2018 25th National and 3rd International Iranian Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116910942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703503
Bahareh Ahkami, F. Ghassemi
Event-related potentials were investigated in this study while participants were performing a continuous performance task (CPT). A 21 electrode EEG signal was recorded in a 10-20 standard system from 50 healthy and ADHD adult subjects. After the basic pre-processing steps (band-pass and notch filtering, re-referencing and baseline rejection) Independent component analysis (ICA) was used to diminish the remaining EOG artifact. Then, event-related potentials were calculated using the time locked epochs of the cleaned signal. Afterwards, P300 morphological features such as peak amplitude and latency, were extracted and then the statistical process was carried out, to determine if the peak amplitudes and latencies have significant difference among healthy and ADHD subjects and in different inter-stimulus-intervals (ISIs). Our results show that as ISI gets longer, the difference in P300 latency between ADHD and healthy subjects gets bolder, statistical analysis and p-value confirm these results. Also, further statistic analysis is performed to figure out the effect of ISI variations in latency and peak amplitude of P300 in every subject; longer ISI leads to an increase in the latency of P300 in ADHD subjects.
{"title":"Studying the Effects of Different Inter-Stimulus-Intervals in ADHD Adults While Performing CPT","authors":"Bahareh Ahkami, F. Ghassemi","doi":"10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703503","url":null,"abstract":"Event-related potentials were investigated in this study while participants were performing a continuous performance task (CPT). A 21 electrode EEG signal was recorded in a 10-20 standard system from 50 healthy and ADHD adult subjects. After the basic pre-processing steps (band-pass and notch filtering, re-referencing and baseline rejection) Independent component analysis (ICA) was used to diminish the remaining EOG artifact. Then, event-related potentials were calculated using the time locked epochs of the cleaned signal. Afterwards, P300 morphological features such as peak amplitude and latency, were extracted and then the statistical process was carried out, to determine if the peak amplitudes and latencies have significant difference among healthy and ADHD subjects and in different inter-stimulus-intervals (ISIs). Our results show that as ISI gets longer, the difference in P300 latency between ADHD and healthy subjects gets bolder, statistical analysis and p-value confirm these results. Also, further statistic analysis is performed to figure out the effect of ISI variations in latency and peak amplitude of P300 in every subject; longer ISI leads to an increase in the latency of P300 in ADHD subjects.","PeriodicalId":338286,"journal":{"name":"2018 25th National and 3rd International Iranian Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127202856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703587
R. Sedghi, Marziye Gholami, Alireza Shaabani
Synthesis of quaternized tetramethyl urea thiosemicarbazone O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) as a new quaternized chitosan derivation and electrospinning of quaternized tetramethyl urea thiosemicarbazone CMC/poly (vinyl alcohol) blend solution was investigated. The chemical structure and morphology of the nanofibers were observed by Fourier transform infrared spectra analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that prepared nanofiber may be a new candidate for tissue engineering purposes.
{"title":"Synthesis, Characterization and Electrospinning of Novel Chitosan Derivative for Tissue Engineering Applications","authors":"R. Sedghi, Marziye Gholami, Alireza Shaabani","doi":"10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703587","url":null,"abstract":"Synthesis of quaternized tetramethyl urea thiosemicarbazone O-carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) as a new quaternized chitosan derivation and electrospinning of quaternized tetramethyl urea thiosemicarbazone CMC/poly (vinyl alcohol) blend solution was investigated. The chemical structure and morphology of the nanofibers were observed by Fourier transform infrared spectra analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that prepared nanofiber may be a new candidate for tissue engineering purposes.","PeriodicalId":338286,"journal":{"name":"2018 25th National and 3rd International Iranian Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME)","volume":"423 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115259390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703572
Saeed Solouki, F. Bahrami, M. Janahmadi
The optokinetic reflex (OKR) is a behavioral oculomotor response which serves to stabilize moving images on the retina. As the cerebellum is intimately involved in the adaptive control of such compensatory eye movement, the OKR has been turned to a favorable test bed for modeling and assessing cerebellar learning function. Learning process in the cerebellum consists of two distinct phases: 1) short-term learning, which is acquired by single session of behavioral training and disappears within 24 hours, and 2) long-term learning which is induced by repeating sessions and persists for days. On the other hand, emerging evidences from experimental studies indicates high level of coordination between olivary system activity and cerebellar learning. However, it is still unclear which phase of learning will be affected by olivary system disruption. In this paper, we proposed a simple model for learning adaptation and memory formation of the cerebellum. The model is capable to reproduce the OKR gain adaptation of eye movement in both long and short term phases. The simulation results were found to strongly agree with previously reported experimental data from wild type mice. As a second step, we explore the effects of irreversible olivary system lesion on the gain adaptability of OKR by cutting off the connection of climbing fiber, which originates from the inferior olive (IO) neuron. Thereafter, comparing to the normal case, the gain of OKR undergoes a significant decline in both short and long phases of learning. This suggests that the olivary system plays a critical role in both short-and long-term adaption of OKR.
{"title":"Effects of irreversible olivary system lesion on the gain adaptation of optokinetic response eye movement: a model based study","authors":"Saeed Solouki, F. Bahrami, M. Janahmadi","doi":"10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703572","url":null,"abstract":"The optokinetic reflex (OKR) is a behavioral oculomotor response which serves to stabilize moving images on the retina. As the cerebellum is intimately involved in the adaptive control of such compensatory eye movement, the OKR has been turned to a favorable test bed for modeling and assessing cerebellar learning function. Learning process in the cerebellum consists of two distinct phases: 1) short-term learning, which is acquired by single session of behavioral training and disappears within 24 hours, and 2) long-term learning which is induced by repeating sessions and persists for days. On the other hand, emerging evidences from experimental studies indicates high level of coordination between olivary system activity and cerebellar learning. However, it is still unclear which phase of learning will be affected by olivary system disruption. In this paper, we proposed a simple model for learning adaptation and memory formation of the cerebellum. The model is capable to reproduce the OKR gain adaptation of eye movement in both long and short term phases. The simulation results were found to strongly agree with previously reported experimental data from wild type mice. As a second step, we explore the effects of irreversible olivary system lesion on the gain adaptability of OKR by cutting off the connection of climbing fiber, which originates from the inferior olive (IO) neuron. Thereafter, comparing to the normal case, the gain of OKR undergoes a significant decline in both short and long phases of learning. This suggests that the olivary system plays a critical role in both short-and long-term adaption of OKR.","PeriodicalId":338286,"journal":{"name":"2018 25th National and 3rd International Iranian Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124670452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703582
S. Akhavan, S. Esmaeili, M. Kamarei, H. Soltanian-Zadeh
Independent component analysis (ICA) is a popular approach for retrieving the independent sources generating the biomedical signals such as electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Joint diagonalization (JD) of a set of target matrices, which are extracted from the biomedical signals, is one of the popular approaches for performing ICA. The main difference among the JD algorithms is the criterion which is defined to extract the demixing (diagonalizer) matrix. This paper provides a geometrical interpretation for JD helping us to propose a new set of criteria for JD which are robust against noise and quickly optimized. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed criteria relative to state-of-the-art JD criteria.
{"title":"Geometrical Interpretation of Joint Diagonalization","authors":"S. Akhavan, S. Esmaeili, M. Kamarei, H. Soltanian-Zadeh","doi":"10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703582","url":null,"abstract":"Independent component analysis (ICA) is a popular approach for retrieving the independent sources generating the biomedical signals such as electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Joint diagonalization (JD) of a set of target matrices, which are extracted from the biomedical signals, is one of the popular approaches for performing ICA. The main difference among the JD algorithms is the criterion which is defined to extract the demixing (diagonalizer) matrix. This paper provides a geometrical interpretation for JD helping us to propose a new set of criteria for JD which are robust against noise and quickly optimized. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed criteria relative to state-of-the-art JD criteria.","PeriodicalId":338286,"journal":{"name":"2018 25th National and 3rd International Iranian Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME)","volume":"91 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131218977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703595
Hosna Nasiriyan-Rad, A. Amirkhani, A. Naimi
In this paper, we provide a novel technique based on a high-order fuzzy cognitive map (HFCM) to predict autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). The basic features that are extracted by specialists are used as the input concepts of the HFCM model. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to enhance the capability and increase the efficiency of HFCM classification. In order to evaluate the performance, our method is applied to 216 patients. In this paper, we have also used the chaotic PSO (CPSO) algorithm; which, as extensions of PSO algorithm, improve the performance of PSO in terms of global optimality, reliability, convergence speed and solution accuracy. The results of applying different CPSOs are compared with classical PSO. The best results in this case, which are achieved by applying the CPSO, are 85.71%, 86.21% and 87.88% for the definite, probable and improbable classes, respectively. Therefore, the highest grading accuracies are achieved by using the combination of fourth order learned HFCM by CPSO.
{"title":"Diagnosis of Autoimmune Hepatitis with High-Order Fuzzy Cognitive Map","authors":"Hosna Nasiriyan-Rad, A. Amirkhani, A. Naimi","doi":"10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703595","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we provide a novel technique based on a high-order fuzzy cognitive map (HFCM) to predict autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). The basic features that are extracted by specialists are used as the input concepts of the HFCM model. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to enhance the capability and increase the efficiency of HFCM classification. In order to evaluate the performance, our method is applied to 216 patients. In this paper, we have also used the chaotic PSO (CPSO) algorithm; which, as extensions of PSO algorithm, improve the performance of PSO in terms of global optimality, reliability, convergence speed and solution accuracy. The results of applying different CPSOs are compared with classical PSO. The best results in this case, which are achieved by applying the CPSO, are 85.71%, 86.21% and 87.88% for the definite, probable and improbable classes, respectively. Therefore, the highest grading accuracies are achieved by using the combination of fourth order learned HFCM by CPSO.","PeriodicalId":338286,"journal":{"name":"2018 25th National and 3rd International Iranian Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130529542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703569
H. Barnamehei, Mohsen Alimadad, S. Alizadeh, Sedigheh Zarrabi Mofrad, F. Bagheri
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of an ankle-foot orthotic on lower limb neuromuscular activity during walking. Twenty-two participants were recruited. The muscle activity of six muscles of both legs was recorded: the Vastus Medialis (VM), the Tibialis Anterior (TA), the Biceps Femoris (BF), the Semitendinosus (ST), the Gastrocnemius Medial (GM) and the Vastus Lateralis (VL) via surface electrodes during gait. Two experimental conditions were assessed: (i) barefoot, (ii) an ankle-foot orthotic (AFO). Results presented significant differences for the peak amplitude and the time of peak amplitude for LST, LGM, LVL, and RVM when comparing the two experimental conditions (p < 0.05). Significant differences were found between the barefoot and orthotic conditions and with relatively minor effect for RBF, RST, and RGM. We discuss how these differences are most probably related with the knee-ankle-foot orthotics, the shape of the orthotics and weight of the orthotics. Future study is needed to evaluate differences between these conditions when participants walk or run for longer distances.
{"title":"Electromyographic activity of selective lower extremity muscles comparison between ankle-foot orthosis and barefoot gait","authors":"H. Barnamehei, Mohsen Alimadad, S. Alizadeh, Sedigheh Zarrabi Mofrad, F. Bagheri","doi":"10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703569","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to compare the effects of an ankle-foot orthotic on lower limb neuromuscular activity during walking. Twenty-two participants were recruited. The muscle activity of six muscles of both legs was recorded: the Vastus Medialis (VM), the Tibialis Anterior (TA), the Biceps Femoris (BF), the Semitendinosus (ST), the Gastrocnemius Medial (GM) and the Vastus Lateralis (VL) via surface electrodes during gait. Two experimental conditions were assessed: (i) barefoot, (ii) an ankle-foot orthotic (AFO). Results presented significant differences for the peak amplitude and the time of peak amplitude for LST, LGM, LVL, and RVM when comparing the two experimental conditions (p < 0.05). Significant differences were found between the barefoot and orthotic conditions and with relatively minor effect for RBF, RST, and RGM. We discuss how these differences are most probably related with the knee-ankle-foot orthotics, the shape of the orthotics and weight of the orthotics. Future study is needed to evaluate differences between these conditions when participants walk or run for longer distances.","PeriodicalId":338286,"journal":{"name":"2018 25th National and 3rd International Iranian Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133456133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703557
Rasoul Pakdel, H. F. Baghtash
In this paper an ultra-low power two-stage amplifier for EEG signal amplifying is presented. A BulkDriven Folded Cascode structure is used. To reduce the flicker noise, PMOS input transistors with large gate areas and operating in sub-threshold region are used. The circuit is designed and simulated using the 0.18µm process, in the Analog Design Environment of Cadence Virtuoso. The performance of the circuit is studied at all process corners, namely TT, FF, FS and SF, along with Monte Carlo analysis. The amplifier achieving an open loop dc gain of 83.58dB, 7.7pV2/Hz input referred noise at 10Hz and power consumption of 0.351µW with 0.5V supply voltage and 35nA current source.
{"title":"Design of a Low Noise Low Power Amplifier for Biomedical Applications","authors":"Rasoul Pakdel, H. F. Baghtash","doi":"10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703557","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper an ultra-low power two-stage amplifier for EEG signal amplifying is presented. A BulkDriven Folded Cascode structure is used. To reduce the flicker noise, PMOS input transistors with large gate areas and operating in sub-threshold region are used. The circuit is designed and simulated using the 0.18µm process, in the Analog Design Environment of Cadence Virtuoso. The performance of the circuit is studied at all process corners, namely TT, FF, FS and SF, along with Monte Carlo analysis. The amplifier achieving an open loop dc gain of 83.58dB, 7.7pV2/Hz input referred noise at 10Hz and power consumption of 0.351µW with 0.5V supply voltage and 35nA current source.","PeriodicalId":338286,"journal":{"name":"2018 25th National and 3rd International Iranian Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114620946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-01DOI: 10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703585
Yeganeh Dorri Nokoorani, A. Shamloo
Skin is the body's largest organ, the first layer protecting the internal organs of the body from external damages. Because of this, the skin is exposed to many injuries, which, if severe, will require external intervention for treatment. One of the methods for treating severe skin lesions is tissue engineering. In the present study, chitosan and gelatin in three different ratios are utilized to skin scaffold construction and the effect of EDC and two different percentages of Glutaraldehyde as cross-linkers on morphology and swelling ratio of the mentioned scaffolds has been investigated. The results indicate that in general, the pores in the samples cross-linked by Glutaraldehyde are more uniform than those cross-linked by EDC and the samples immersed in EDC solution, have a layered structure. Furthermore, it can be concluded that in the samples cross-linked by EDC, increasing the ratio of gelatin to chitosan, reduces the average pore size, the percentage of porosity, swelling ratio, and water uptake of them, which is reversed in the samples containing Glutaraldehyde. In addition, the results show that by increasing the percentage of Glutaraldehyde from 0.01% to 0.02%, the water uptake and swelling ratio of the samples increase.
{"title":"Comparison of the Effect of EDC and Glutaraldehyde as Cross-linkers on Morphology and Swelling Ratio of Gelatin/Chitosan Scaffolds for Use in Skin Tissue Engineering","authors":"Yeganeh Dorri Nokoorani, A. Shamloo","doi":"10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICBME.2018.8703585","url":null,"abstract":"Skin is the body's largest organ, the first layer protecting the internal organs of the body from external damages. Because of this, the skin is exposed to many injuries, which, if severe, will require external intervention for treatment. One of the methods for treating severe skin lesions is tissue engineering. In the present study, chitosan and gelatin in three different ratios are utilized to skin scaffold construction and the effect of EDC and two different percentages of Glutaraldehyde as cross-linkers on morphology and swelling ratio of the mentioned scaffolds has been investigated. The results indicate that in general, the pores in the samples cross-linked by Glutaraldehyde are more uniform than those cross-linked by EDC and the samples immersed in EDC solution, have a layered structure. Furthermore, it can be concluded that in the samples cross-linked by EDC, increasing the ratio of gelatin to chitosan, reduces the average pore size, the percentage of porosity, swelling ratio, and water uptake of them, which is reversed in the samples containing Glutaraldehyde. In addition, the results show that by increasing the percentage of Glutaraldehyde from 0.01% to 0.02%, the water uptake and swelling ratio of the samples increase.","PeriodicalId":338286,"journal":{"name":"2018 25th National and 3rd International Iranian Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICBME)","volume":"200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116158175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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