{"title":"The effect of twelve weeks aerobic training with supplementation of Rose flower extract on expression of Caspase 9 and Caspase 3 Soleus muscle in male rats","authors":"fatemeh ghased, J. Bashiri","doi":"10.52547/jmj.17.1.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jmj.17.1.42","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33852,"journal":{"name":"fSlnmh dnshgh `lwm pzshkhy jhrm","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46186385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
alleles was 79% and 21% in patient and 73% and 27% in control groups, respectively (p= 0.322). Evidence indicated the AA mutant gene does not increase the risk of recurrent abortion and there is no significant association (p= 0.472). But GA heterozygote relative to GG reference genotype decrease the risk of recurrent abortion (OR= 0.44, 95%CI: 0.22-1.90, P= 0.024). Conclusion: The results showed that rs1800790 FGB gene polymorphism did not increase the risk of recurrent abortion.
{"title":"The association of beta fibrinogen-455 G/A (rs1800790) gene polymorphism with recurrent abortion in Iranian women","authors":"Z. Heidari, M. Shokrzadeh, Abbas Mohammadpour","doi":"10.52547/jmj.17.1.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jmj.17.1.56","url":null,"abstract":"alleles was 79% and 21% in patient and 73% and 27% in control groups, respectively (p= 0.322). Evidence indicated the AA mutant gene does not increase the risk of recurrent abortion and there is no significant association (p= 0.472). But GA heterozygote relative to GG reference genotype decrease the risk of recurrent abortion (OR= 0.44, 95%CI: 0.22-1.90, P= 0.024). Conclusion: The results showed that rs1800790 FGB gene polymorphism did not increase the risk of recurrent abortion.","PeriodicalId":33852,"journal":{"name":"fSlnmh dnshgh `lwm pzshkhy jhrm","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44090021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saber Rezanejad, M. Kargarfard, E. Bambaeichi, R. Kelishadi
{"title":"The Interactive effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise and the intake of multivitamin minerals supplementation on men blood lead levels in the expose of urban polluted air","authors":"Saber Rezanejad, M. Kargarfard, E. Bambaeichi, R. Kelishadi","doi":"10.52547/jmj.17.1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jmj.17.1.25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33852,"journal":{"name":"fSlnmh dnshgh `lwm pzshkhy jhrm","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48878823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Jafari, Laila Ghasemi Kia, Mohammadi Mohsen, Hossein Alimadadi, Arash Abbasi, Abazar Pournajaf, Ramin Kafshgari, K. Borhani, M. Khodabandeh
Introduction: Fluoroquinolones are one of the most common antibiotics in the treatment of Shigella infections worldwide. The presence of plasmids carrying quinolone-resistance genes is one of the most important mechanisms for resistance to these drugs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the presence of quinolone resistance plasmid genes (qnr) in Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri isolated from pediatric diarrhea. Material and methods: In a 10-month period from the beginning of June to the end of March 2012, 91 isolates of Shigella were obtained from 358 non-repetitive diarrhea samples. After identification and confirmation of Shigella isolates, antibiotic susceptibility test was performed based on the CLSI instruction. The molecular PCR test was performed to amplify qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD and qnrS genes. Results: Slide agglutination test showed that the prevalence of Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri were 69.2% and 30.8%, respectively. The disc diffusion test showed that all Shigella flexneri were susceptible to levofloxacin. Most of the Shigella sonnei were resistant to Streptomycin. The frequency of qnrA, qnrB and qnrS genes were 26.4%, 74.7% and 46.2%, respectively. All strains were negative for the presence of qnrC and qnrD genes. Conclusions: The qnrB gene is the most common plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) in our treatment centers. Because of their plasmid origin, these genes have the ability to transfer and have high ability to spread to the other isolates. Since the change in pattern of antibiotic susceptibility is occurs, perform of antibiotic susceptibility test necessary.
{"title":"Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri isolated from pediatric diarrheal","authors":"M. Jafari, Laila Ghasemi Kia, Mohammadi Mohsen, Hossein Alimadadi, Arash Abbasi, Abazar Pournajaf, Ramin Kafshgari, K. Borhani, M. Khodabandeh","doi":"10.52547/jmj.17.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jmj.17.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Fluoroquinolones are one of the most common antibiotics in the treatment of Shigella infections worldwide. The presence of plasmids carrying quinolone-resistance genes is one of the most important mechanisms for resistance to these drugs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the presence of quinolone resistance plasmid genes (qnr) in Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri isolated from pediatric diarrhea. Material and methods: In a 10-month period from the beginning of June to the end of March 2012, 91 isolates of Shigella were obtained from 358 non-repetitive diarrhea samples. After identification and confirmation of Shigella isolates, antibiotic susceptibility test was performed based on the CLSI instruction. The molecular PCR test was performed to amplify qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD and qnrS genes. Results: Slide agglutination test showed that the prevalence of Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri were 69.2% and 30.8%, respectively. The disc diffusion test showed that all Shigella flexneri were susceptible to levofloxacin. Most of the Shigella sonnei were resistant to Streptomycin. The frequency of qnrA, qnrB and qnrS genes were 26.4%, 74.7% and 46.2%, respectively. All strains were negative for the presence of qnrC and qnrD genes. Conclusions: The qnrB gene is the most common plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) in our treatment centers. Because of their plasmid origin, these genes have the ability to transfer and have high ability to spread to the other isolates. Since the change in pattern of antibiotic susceptibility is occurs, perform of antibiotic susceptibility test necessary.","PeriodicalId":33852,"journal":{"name":"fSlnmh dnshgh `lwm pzshkhy jhrm","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41335133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
again were measured in four groups. For comparing the variables among the groups, one-way ANOVA and also for intra-group comparisons of Associate t-test was used. The significance level was considered to be P≤0.05. The results showed that plasma adiponectin level significantly increased in all three experimental groups, while insulin resistance, body weight and body mass index decreased (P <0.05). Meanwhile, these indices in the control group had not changed. Conclusion: It can be concluded that these exercises, along with the use of licorice to lower body weight and improve insulin resistance in obese women, can be used.
{"title":"Comparison the effects of 12 weeks increasing aerobic exercise & licorice consumption on adiponectin levels in obese women","authors":"M. Ghasemi, F. Taghian","doi":"10.52547/jmj.16.4.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jmj.16.4.30","url":null,"abstract":"again were measured in four groups. For comparing the variables among the groups, one-way ANOVA and also for intra-group comparisons of Associate t-test was used. The significance level was considered to be P≤0.05. The results showed that plasma adiponectin level significantly increased in all three experimental groups, while insulin resistance, body weight and body mass index decreased (P <0.05). Meanwhile, these indices in the control group had not changed. Conclusion: It can be concluded that these exercises, along with the use of licorice to lower body weight and improve insulin resistance in obese women, can be used.","PeriodicalId":33852,"journal":{"name":"fSlnmh dnshgh `lwm pzshkhy jhrm","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49173843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soleyman Ansari Kolachahi, Zahra Hojjati Zidashti, A. Elmieh, E. Bidabadi
only vitamin D supplementation improved vitamin D serum levels (p <0.05) and aquatic exercise intervention had no significant effect on vitamin D levels. Conclusion: Aquatic exercise and vitamin D supplementation, as low-cost therapies can reduce the level of hs-CRP and improve the serum level of vitamin D in children with ASD.
{"title":"Comparison of Aquatic Exercise Program and Vitamin D Supplementation on Vitamin D and hs-CRP Serum Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders","authors":"Soleyman Ansari Kolachahi, Zahra Hojjati Zidashti, A. Elmieh, E. Bidabadi","doi":"10.52547/jmj.16.4.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jmj.16.4.48","url":null,"abstract":"only vitamin D supplementation improved vitamin D serum levels (p <0.05) and aquatic exercise intervention had no significant effect on vitamin D levels. Conclusion: Aquatic exercise and vitamin D supplementation, as low-cost therapies can reduce the level of hs-CRP and improve the serum level of vitamin D in children with ASD.","PeriodicalId":33852,"journal":{"name":"fSlnmh dnshgh `lwm pzshkhy jhrm","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41880060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: PPAR-γ and PRDM16 proteins are key proteins in the adipose tissue regulation and the white tissue conversion to the brown and beige adipose tissue. Type 2 diabetes can interfere with the function of these two proteins and, functionally, leads to reduced activity of these proteins. The role of exercise on these two important proteins has not been studied yet in subcutaneous adipose tissue. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the level of PPAR-γ and PRDM16 proteins in adipose tissue in overweight type 2 diabetic male Sprague-Dawley rats with diabetes. Materials & Methods: In this study, 16 two-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats with a mean weight of 270±20 g were selected. After diabetic induction with STZ and Nicotinamide, rats were randomly assigned to two groups, training (8 heads) and control (8 heads). The training group trained for 4 days a week in accordance with the training program for 8 weeks, while the control group did not have any training program. The independent t-test was used to analyze the data of PPAR-γ and PRDM16 proteins. Results: There was a significant rise in PRDM16 protein content (p<0.001) in the training group compared to control, though this rise was not meaningful in PPAR-γ protein content (p=0.26). Conclusions: HIIT training has led to a significant increase in the content of the PRDM16 protein, which plays a vital role in the conversion of white to brown fat cells. Hence, it is expected that a new insight into the root, differentiation, and preservation of the white adipose tissue and its conversion into brown adipose tissue will be achieved.
{"title":"The Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on the Level of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and PR domain containing 16 Proteins in Adipose Tissue in Overweight Type 2 Diabetic Male Sprague-Dawley Rats with Diabetes","authors":"M. Shabani, M. Salesi, F. Daryanoosh","doi":"10.52547/jmj.16.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jmj.16.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: PPAR-γ and PRDM16 proteins are key proteins in the adipose tissue regulation and the white tissue conversion to the brown and beige adipose tissue. Type 2 diabetes can interfere with the function of these two proteins and, functionally, leads to reduced activity of these proteins. The role of exercise on these two important proteins has not been studied yet in subcutaneous adipose tissue. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the level of PPAR-γ and PRDM16 proteins in adipose tissue in overweight type 2 diabetic male Sprague-Dawley rats with diabetes. Materials & Methods: In this study, 16 two-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats with a mean weight of 270±20 g were selected. After diabetic induction with STZ and Nicotinamide, rats were randomly assigned to two groups, training (8 heads) and control (8 heads). The training group trained for 4 days a week in accordance with the training program for 8 weeks, while the control group did not have any training program. The independent t-test was used to analyze the data of PPAR-γ and PRDM16 proteins. Results: There was a significant rise in PRDM16 protein content (p<0.001) in the training group compared to control, though this rise was not meaningful in PPAR-γ protein content (p=0.26). Conclusions: HIIT training has led to a significant increase in the content of the PRDM16 protein, which plays a vital role in the conversion of white to brown fat cells. Hence, it is expected that a new insight into the root, differentiation, and preservation of the white adipose tissue and its conversion into brown adipose tissue will be achieved.","PeriodicalId":33852,"journal":{"name":"fSlnmh dnshgh `lwm pzshkhy jhrm","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47339478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
male Wistar classified into 5 equal groups in a completely randomized design. The control group did not receive any solvent or The control group received 1 ml distilled water per day as an intraperitoneal injection. Experimental groups received 1, 2 and 3 times daily, respectively, 250, 500 and 1000 mg / kg body weight saccharin intraperitoneal injection for 35 days, respectively. Blood samples were taken from animals after 35 days and testis tissue was isolated for histological examination. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 and one way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test. sperm in experimental groups have decreased significantly compared to the sham and control groups; but Sertoli and Leydig cells showed no any significant difference (P>0.05). Saccharin can have a harmful effects on the rate of hormone and cells, and the confirms the obtained hormonal results. Of course in this regard, the mode and dosage of using this common used artificial sweeter is very important.
{"title":"The effect of Saccharin on spermatogenes, testiscular tissue and pituitary –gonad hormones axis in rats","authors":"Reza Paknejad, V. H. Jahromi","doi":"10.52547/jmj.16.4.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jmj.16.4.19","url":null,"abstract":"male Wistar classified into 5 equal groups in a completely randomized design. The control group did not receive any solvent or The control group received 1 ml distilled water per day as an intraperitoneal injection. Experimental groups received 1, 2 and 3 times daily, respectively, 250, 500 and 1000 mg / kg body weight saccharin intraperitoneal injection for 35 days, respectively. Blood samples were taken from animals after 35 days and testis tissue was isolated for histological examination. The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 and one way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test. sperm in experimental groups have decreased significantly compared to the sham and control groups; but Sertoli and Leydig cells showed no any significant difference (P>0.05). Saccharin can have a harmful effects on the rate of hormone and cells, and the confirms the obtained hormonal results. Of course in this regard, the mode and dosage of using this common used artificial sweeter is very important.","PeriodicalId":33852,"journal":{"name":"fSlnmh dnshgh `lwm pzshkhy jhrm","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49133008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. H. Moghadam, M. Kordi, S. R. A. Hosseini, Taymaz Davaloo
these changes were not significant in the control group. Also The results showed there was a significant differences between the effects of different interventions in the TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP between groups with the control group (P ≤ 0/05). The results showed that regular aerobic exercise with Spirulina consumption can improve Serum levels of inflammatory markers in men with type 2 diabetes and prevent exercise-induced Inflammation stress and also diabetes
{"title":"Aerobic exercises and Supplement Spirulina reduce inflammation in diabetic men","authors":"B. H. Moghadam, M. Kordi, S. R. A. Hosseini, Taymaz Davaloo","doi":"10.52547/jmj.16.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jmj.16.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"these changes were not significant in the control group. Also The results showed there was a significant differences between the effects of different interventions in the TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP between groups with the control group (P ≤ 0/05). The results showed that regular aerobic exercise with Spirulina consumption can improve Serum levels of inflammatory markers in men with type 2 diabetes and prevent exercise-induced Inflammation stress and also diabetes","PeriodicalId":33852,"journal":{"name":"fSlnmh dnshgh `lwm pzshkhy jhrm","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47510353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
tayebeh ebrahimi, M. Setorki, nasrollah dastanpour
Introduction: Artemisia persica is an indigenous plant of Iran that has been traditionally used to relieve neurological and visceral pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effects of Artemisia persica essential oil on pain induced by hot plate and formalin in mice. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, male Balb/c mice were divided into 5 groups including normal saline, Artemisia persica essential oil (50, 75 and 100 mg/kg) and morphine (10 mg/kg). The hot plate test was performed at, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after the IP injection of drugs. In the formalin test, 30 minutes after the IP injection of drugs, 20 ml of 4% formalin was injected in the animal's paw and the frequency of paws licking, clopping and lifting were recorded at 0-5 (acute phase) and after injection (acute phase) and 15-30 (chronic phase) minutes. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 software. Results: Injection of Artemisia persica essential oil (75 and 100 mg/kg), 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes before the hot plate test, significantly decreased pain threshold compared to the control group (p< 0.05) Artemisia persica essential oil at a dose of 100 mg/kg significantly decreased the frequency of paws licking, clopping and lifting at the first and second phase of formalin test (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the effectiveness of Artemisia persica Boiss essential oil in relieving pain caused by chemical and thermal stimuli.
{"title":"Effect of Artemisia persica Boiss essential on pain caused by chemical and thermal stimuli in mice","authors":"tayebeh ebrahimi, M. Setorki, nasrollah dastanpour","doi":"10.52547/jmj.16.4.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52547/jmj.16.4.57","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Artemisia persica is an indigenous plant of Iran that has been traditionally used to relieve neurological and visceral pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effects of Artemisia persica essential oil on pain induced by hot plate and formalin in mice. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, male Balb/c mice were divided into 5 groups including normal saline, Artemisia persica essential oil (50, 75 and 100 mg/kg) and morphine (10 mg/kg). The hot plate test was performed at, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after the IP injection of drugs. In the formalin test, 30 minutes after the IP injection of drugs, 20 ml of 4% formalin was injected in the animal's paw and the frequency of paws licking, clopping and lifting were recorded at 0-5 (acute phase) and after injection (acute phase) and 15-30 (chronic phase) minutes. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 software. Results: Injection of Artemisia persica essential oil (75 and 100 mg/kg), 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes before the hot plate test, significantly decreased pain threshold compared to the control group (p< 0.05) Artemisia persica essential oil at a dose of 100 mg/kg significantly decreased the frequency of paws licking, clopping and lifting at the first and second phase of formalin test (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the effectiveness of Artemisia persica Boiss essential oil in relieving pain caused by chemical and thermal stimuli.","PeriodicalId":33852,"journal":{"name":"fSlnmh dnshgh `lwm pzshkhy jhrm","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41959032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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