Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_148_20
Ahmad Alroqi, Leen O. Alothaim, Shoag Albugami, Noura Alothaim, Almaha A. Alqabbani, Saud Alromaih, Samaher Alharbi, Fatima Alangari, Danyah Saja, Sarah AlMutawa
Objectives: Recently, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic, and since then, many studies have examined its symptomatology. In this study, we aimed to focus on Saudi patients with COVID-19 who also experienced smell dysfunction. We hypothesized that there would be a high percentage of COVID-19 patients with smell dysfunction in the Saudi population. Methodology: A quantitative, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in August 2020 and was designed to assess anosmia and hyposmia in Saudi patients with a positive COVID-19 test. Only Saudi adults with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled in the study. We distributed an electronic, self-administered questionnaire through social media platforms, and personal contact to query the patients who had a positive COVID-19 test. Results: The study included 1005 patients, of whom 63.5% were female. More than three quarters (76.7%) were between the ages of 18 and 38 years. Most of them (74.1%) were healthy, while some of them (25%) reported associated comorbidities. Overall, approximately three-quarters (72%) of the participants developed smell dysfunction during the infection period, with (17.3%) experiencing a partial loss of smell (hyposmia), and (54%) experiencing a complete loss of smell (anosmia). Conclusions: Our study revealed that approximately three-quarters (72%) of the participants with COVID-19 developed smell dysfunction during the infection period, which supports our hypothesis.
{"title":"Smell disturbance among Saudi COVID-19 Patients","authors":"Ahmad Alroqi, Leen O. Alothaim, Shoag Albugami, Noura Alothaim, Almaha A. Alqabbani, Saud Alromaih, Samaher Alharbi, Fatima Alangari, Danyah Saja, Sarah AlMutawa","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_148_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_148_20","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Recently, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic, and since then, many studies have examined its symptomatology. In this study, we aimed to focus on Saudi patients with COVID-19 who also experienced smell dysfunction. We hypothesized that there would be a high percentage of COVID-19 patients with smell dysfunction in the Saudi population. Methodology: A quantitative, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in August 2020 and was designed to assess anosmia and hyposmia in Saudi patients with a positive COVID-19 test. Only Saudi adults with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled in the study. We distributed an electronic, self-administered questionnaire through social media platforms, and personal contact to query the patients who had a positive COVID-19 test. Results: The study included 1005 patients, of whom 63.5% were female. More than three quarters (76.7%) were between the ages of 18 and 38 years. Most of them (74.1%) were healthy, while some of them (25%) reported associated comorbidities. Overall, approximately three-quarters (72%) of the participants developed smell dysfunction during the infection period, with (17.3%) experiencing a partial loss of smell (hyposmia), and (54%) experiencing a complete loss of smell (anosmia). Conclusions: Our study revealed that approximately three-quarters (72%) of the participants with COVID-19 developed smell dysfunction during the infection period, which supports our hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"348 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48086176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphoid system that typically presents in nodal tissues. Involvement of extranodal sites is less common and has been shown to be associated with worst outcomes. The site of the initial diagnosis could give an idea about the accessibility of diagnostic tissue, disease presentation, behavior, and maybe associated with prognostic significance. Methodology: We retrospectively reviewed all adult lymphoma cases diagnosed with lymphoma in our center from 2008 to 2018 and studied the association between extranodal site of biopsy and overall survival (OS). Logrank method was used to calculate P value, and cox proportional hazard was used for age-adjusted survival analysis. Results: A total of 433 patients were included. Median age was 48 years, 183 (42%) were female, and 143 patients (33%) were diagnosed from extranodal sites. The most common site of extranodal involvement was gastrointestinal tract with 69 cases (16%), followed by lung 16 (4%) then central nervous system 11 (2.5%). The most common pathologic diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 182 (42%), followed by classical Hodgkin lymphoma 139 (32%) and then follicular lymphoma 31 (7%). Patients who were diagnosed from a biopsy obtained from extranodal site had a worst OS as compared to patients diagnosed from nodal sites with a significant P value in univariate analysis 0.049 and P = 0.05 after adjusting for age. Conclusion: Patients diagnosed with lymphoma from an extranodal site have a worst OS even after adjusting for age as compared to those diagnosed from nodal sites.
{"title":"Age-adjusted survival analysis of lymphoma patients diagnosed from extranodal sites","authors":"M. Alzahrani","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_29_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_29_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphoid system that typically presents in nodal tissues. Involvement of extranodal sites is less common and has been shown to be associated with worst outcomes. The site of the initial diagnosis could give an idea about the accessibility of diagnostic tissue, disease presentation, behavior, and maybe associated with prognostic significance. Methodology: We retrospectively reviewed all adult lymphoma cases diagnosed with lymphoma in our center from 2008 to 2018 and studied the association between extranodal site of biopsy and overall survival (OS). Logrank method was used to calculate P value, and cox proportional hazard was used for age-adjusted survival analysis. Results: A total of 433 patients were included. Median age was 48 years, 183 (42%) were female, and 143 patients (33%) were diagnosed from extranodal sites. The most common site of extranodal involvement was gastrointestinal tract with 69 cases (16%), followed by lung 16 (4%) then central nervous system 11 (2.5%). The most common pathologic diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 182 (42%), followed by classical Hodgkin lymphoma 139 (32%) and then follicular lymphoma 31 (7%). Patients who were diagnosed from a biopsy obtained from extranodal site had a worst OS as compared to patients diagnosed from nodal sites with a significant P value in univariate analysis 0.049 and P = 0.05 after adjusting for age. Conclusion: Patients diagnosed with lymphoma from an extranodal site have a worst OS even after adjusting for age as compared to those diagnosed from nodal sites.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"324 - 327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45772152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_158_20
Himel Mondal, Shaikat Mondal, Sharada Swain
Background: During the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, learning activity via the digital medium has suddenly increased. Medical teachers quickly adapted with synchronous (i.e., online classes), and asynchronous (i.e., video-and other materials-based learning) method of delivering the content to the students. Aim: We aimed to explore the comparative preference of face-to-face lecture, synchronous, and asynchronous learning among Indian undergraduate medical students. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional nation-wide online survey in July–August 2020 with a snowball sampling technique. We collected response from undergraduate medical students who had attended both online classes and video-and other materials-based learning. Preference on the three modes of learning (namely, face-to-face lecture, online synchronous, and asynchronous) was recorded in a 10 point Likert-type scale. Obtained responses were statistically compared by analysis of variance with a P < 0.05 to be statistically significant. Results: A total of 695 (female = 304 (43.74%), male = 391 (56.26%)) entries were analyzed. Overall, traditional face-to-face lecture class was the most preferred method (8.68 ± 1.49) followed by asynchronous (6.33 ± 2.22) learning and then online classes (5.22 ± 2.55, P < 0.0001). Perceived attention, interest, scope of learning, and possibility of interaction with the teachers were highest in face-to-face lecture. The scope of taking notes from all three modes was equal but the scope of formative assessment was highest with synchronous learning. The distraction was highest with asynchronous learning. Conclusion: Undergraduate medical students in India prefer to learn by face-to-face lecture while compared with distance delivery via the digital media. Postpandemic blended learning may be planned with the following sequence of importance: Face-to-face lecture >asynchronous >synchronous learning.
{"title":"A nationwide online survey on comparative preference of face-to-face lecture, online synchronous, and asynchronous learning in indian undergraduate medical students","authors":"Himel Mondal, Shaikat Mondal, Sharada Swain","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_158_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_158_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: During the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, learning activity via the digital medium has suddenly increased. Medical teachers quickly adapted with synchronous (i.e., online classes), and asynchronous (i.e., video-and other materials-based learning) method of delivering the content to the students. Aim: We aimed to explore the comparative preference of face-to-face lecture, synchronous, and asynchronous learning among Indian undergraduate medical students. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional nation-wide online survey in July–August 2020 with a snowball sampling technique. We collected response from undergraduate medical students who had attended both online classes and video-and other materials-based learning. Preference on the three modes of learning (namely, face-to-face lecture, online synchronous, and asynchronous) was recorded in a 10 point Likert-type scale. Obtained responses were statistically compared by analysis of variance with a P < 0.05 to be statistically significant. Results: A total of 695 (female = 304 (43.74%), male = 391 (56.26%)) entries were analyzed. Overall, traditional face-to-face lecture class was the most preferred method (8.68 ± 1.49) followed by asynchronous (6.33 ± 2.22) learning and then online classes (5.22 ± 2.55, P < 0.0001). Perceived attention, interest, scope of learning, and possibility of interaction with the teachers were highest in face-to-face lecture. The scope of taking notes from all three modes was equal but the scope of formative assessment was highest with synchronous learning. The distraction was highest with asynchronous learning. Conclusion: Undergraduate medical students in India prefer to learn by face-to-face lecture while compared with distance delivery via the digital media. Postpandemic blended learning may be planned with the following sequence of importance: Face-to-face lecture >asynchronous >synchronous learning.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"288 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43079393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_174_20
S. Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava
Massive open online courses (MOOCs) commonly refer to a group of courses that are offered on a wide range of interesting topics on the online platform and are generally open for all. An extensive search of materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine and relevant research articles published in the period 2016–2019 were included in the review. Amid the ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, an exponential rise in the demand for online courses has been reported owing to the reduction in the possibility of conventional face-to-face teaching. These courses help the medical students to become self-directed and lifelong learners and eventually play a significant role in meeting the vision of a competent Indian Medical Graduate. In fact, the Medical Council of India recognized the utility of such courses and has made it mandatory for all the postgraduates and even for teaching staff to enroll in the basic course in Biomedical research as a part of enhancing their exposure to research. In conclusion, the enrollment of medical students in MOOC courses can prove to be extremely useful for them in refining their professional skills. However, it is essential to guide the students to opt for the right course out of the available wide range of courses, so that they take a well-informed decision and get benefited from job perspective as well.
{"title":"Encouraging enrollment of medical students in massive open online courses","authors":"S. Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_174_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_174_20","url":null,"abstract":"Massive open online courses (MOOCs) commonly refer to a group of courses that are offered on a wide range of interesting topics on the online platform and are generally open for all. An extensive search of materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine and relevant research articles published in the period 2016–2019 were included in the review. Amid the ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, an exponential rise in the demand for online courses has been reported owing to the reduction in the possibility of conventional face-to-face teaching. These courses help the medical students to become self-directed and lifelong learners and eventually play a significant role in meeting the vision of a competent Indian Medical Graduate. In fact, the Medical Council of India recognized the utility of such courses and has made it mandatory for all the postgraduates and even for teaching staff to enroll in the basic course in Biomedical research as a part of enhancing their exposure to research. In conclusion, the enrollment of medical students in MOOC courses can prove to be extremely useful for them in refining their professional skills. However, it is essential to guide the students to opt for the right course out of the available wide range of courses, so that they take a well-informed decision and get benefited from job perspective as well.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"309 - 311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44625658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_168_20
C. Ndukwe, C. Ukah
Introduction: There have been numerous studies on hydatidiform mole (HM) in Nigeria, but some lacked histological diagnosis, and others did not differentiate complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) from partial hydatidiform mole (PHM). In addition, none of these studies involved immunohistochemical (IHC) diagnosis or assessed the accuracy of morphologic diagnosis of CHM. The objective of this study is to determine the epidemiology and accuracy of morphologic diagnosis of CHM using p57KIP2 IHC stain. Materials and Methods: The paraffin blocks of histologically diagnosed cases of CHM and PHM seen at two histopathology laboratories in Nnewi, South-East Nigeria, were retrieved from the archives. IHC staining for p57KIP2 was done. Results: In this study, we reviewed and reclassified 54 cases of routinely stained HMs as 15 (27.8%) CHMs and 39 (72.2%) PHMs. However, following IHC staining, we further reclassified them as 21 (38.9%) CHMs and 33 (61.1%) PHMs. Discordant histopathological diagnosis between routine staining with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) and IHC staining with p57KIP2 was identified in eight cases (which constitutes 14.8% of the studied cases): one case was a false-positive diagnosis, while the remaining seven cases were false-negative diagnosis. Thus, the sensitivity and specificity of histopathological diagnosed cases of CHM by H and E were 66.7% and 97%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 93.3%, negative predictive value of 82.1%, and total accuracy of 85.2%. Conclusions: Morphology alone is suboptimal for accurate diagnosis of CHM. We therefore strongly recommend the routine use of p57KIP2 immunostain in all suspected cases of HM.
{"title":"Epidemiological aspects and diagnostic accuracy of morphological diagnosis of hydatidiform mole using p57kip2 immunostain in Nnewi, South-East Nigeria – A multicenter study","authors":"C. Ndukwe, C. Ukah","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_168_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_168_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There have been numerous studies on hydatidiform mole (HM) in Nigeria, but some lacked histological diagnosis, and others did not differentiate complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) from partial hydatidiform mole (PHM). In addition, none of these studies involved immunohistochemical (IHC) diagnosis or assessed the accuracy of morphologic diagnosis of CHM. The objective of this study is to determine the epidemiology and accuracy of morphologic diagnosis of CHM using p57KIP2 IHC stain. Materials and Methods: The paraffin blocks of histologically diagnosed cases of CHM and PHM seen at two histopathology laboratories in Nnewi, South-East Nigeria, were retrieved from the archives. IHC staining for p57KIP2 was done. Results: In this study, we reviewed and reclassified 54 cases of routinely stained HMs as 15 (27.8%) CHMs and 39 (72.2%) PHMs. However, following IHC staining, we further reclassified them as 21 (38.9%) CHMs and 33 (61.1%) PHMs. Discordant histopathological diagnosis between routine staining with hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) and IHC staining with p57KIP2 was identified in eight cases (which constitutes 14.8% of the studied cases): one case was a false-positive diagnosis, while the remaining seven cases were false-negative diagnosis. Thus, the sensitivity and specificity of histopathological diagnosed cases of CHM by H and E were 66.7% and 97%, respectively, with a positive predictive value of 93.3%, negative predictive value of 82.1%, and total accuracy of 85.2%. Conclusions: Morphology alone is suboptimal for accurate diagnosis of CHM. We therefore strongly recommend the routine use of p57KIP2 immunostain in all suspected cases of HM.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"47 1","pages":"281 - 287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70809761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_147_20
Turky H. Almigbal
Context: Driving distance to health-care facilities has been associated with suboptimal glycemic control in patients with diabetes. The data pertaining to the driving burden on patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia is lacking. Aims: This study aims to assess the driving distance to healthcare facilities and the glycemic control of patients with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus (ITDM) in Saudi Arabia. Setting and Design: This study is part of the diabetes and driving study–a cross-sectional project conducted on individuals with ITDM in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: Data collection was performed from August 2016 to February 2017 from the designated clinics every alternate day, for 4-h intervals. We included men aged more than 18 years, with at least 1 year of follow-up with the clinic, and using a car as the main mode of transportation. Results: A total of 429 individuals were included in the study, they were mostly from Riyadh (95.3%, n = 409) with an average age of 49.54 ± 15.20 years. The distance driven was on average 32.09 ± 115.23 km. The average duration of diabetes was 14.36 ± 8.44 years. Most (80.4%; n = 345) had uncontrolled diabetes and were almost equally distributed between those driving <10 km (55.48% n = 238) and more. We found statistically significant associations between driving for more than 10 km to access healthcare (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47; confidence interval [CI] 1.127–1.92); P = 0.004) and lower age (OR = 0.97; CI = 0.949, 1.00; P = 0.029) with uncontrolled diabetes. Conclusion: Patients with ITDM in Saudi Arabia have a driving burden if the healthcare facilities located far, which also might be associated with poor glycemic control. A thorough study of healthcare facilities and location of diabetes centers needs to be implemented on a national level.
{"title":"Driving distance and glycemic control in patients with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus: Results from the diabetes and driving study","authors":"Turky H. Almigbal","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_147_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_147_20","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Driving distance to health-care facilities has been associated with suboptimal glycemic control in patients with diabetes. The data pertaining to the driving burden on patients with diabetes in Saudi Arabia is lacking. Aims: This study aims to assess the driving distance to healthcare facilities and the glycemic control of patients with insulin-treated diabetes mellitus (ITDM) in Saudi Arabia. Setting and Design: This study is part of the diabetes and driving study–a cross-sectional project conducted on individuals with ITDM in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: Data collection was performed from August 2016 to February 2017 from the designated clinics every alternate day, for 4-h intervals. We included men aged more than 18 years, with at least 1 year of follow-up with the clinic, and using a car as the main mode of transportation. Results: A total of 429 individuals were included in the study, they were mostly from Riyadh (95.3%, n = 409) with an average age of 49.54 ± 15.20 years. The distance driven was on average 32.09 ± 115.23 km. The average duration of diabetes was 14.36 ± 8.44 years. Most (80.4%; n = 345) had uncontrolled diabetes and were almost equally distributed between those driving <10 km (55.48% n = 238) and more. We found statistically significant associations between driving for more than 10 km to access healthcare (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47; confidence interval [CI] 1.127–1.92); P = 0.004) and lower age (OR = 0.97; CI = 0.949, 1.00; P = 0.029) with uncontrolled diabetes. Conclusion: Patients with ITDM in Saudi Arabia have a driving burden if the healthcare facilities located far, which also might be associated with poor glycemic control. A thorough study of healthcare facilities and location of diabetes centers needs to be implemented on a national level.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"244 - 249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41968378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: To evaluate the tools used during online education and examination of undergraduate medical students from students and medical instructors' experience and means to improve students' and instructors' online education experience in future. Materials and Methods: Two surveys were deployed online through social media (WhatsApp, LinkedIn, and Twitter) to medical students and instructors from all medical colleges in Saudi Arabia. The surveys include demographic data, tools used in the education process during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, tools used in students' examination, and both groups' opinions about these tools. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the items included in the survey. Responses were presented as frequencies and percentages. Results: Responses from medical colleges in Saudi Arabia were collected and analyzed with a response rate of 72.2%. Data from 518 students and medical instructors showed that online education transformation had a positive feedback from both students and instructors for theoretical sessions teaching with limitations in the practical and clinical sessions. Conclusion: Online education in medical schools is new in Saudi Arabia. This mandatory shift to online teaching made us aware of the importance of restructuring and implementing the medical curriculum to support virtual education, especially in practical and clinical sessions learning.
{"title":"The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on undergraduate medical teaching: An experience of Saudi Arabia medical colleges","authors":"S. Al-Mazidi","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_2_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_2_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To evaluate the tools used during online education and examination of undergraduate medical students from students and medical instructors' experience and means to improve students' and instructors' online education experience in future. Materials and Methods: Two surveys were deployed online through social media (WhatsApp, LinkedIn, and Twitter) to medical students and instructors from all medical colleges in Saudi Arabia. The surveys include demographic data, tools used in the education process during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, tools used in students' examination, and both groups' opinions about these tools. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the items included in the survey. Responses were presented as frequencies and percentages. Results: Responses from medical colleges in Saudi Arabia were collected and analyzed with a response rate of 72.2%. Data from 518 students and medical instructors showed that online education transformation had a positive feedback from both students and instructors for theoretical sessions teaching with limitations in the practical and clinical sessions. Conclusion: Online education in medical schools is new in Saudi Arabia. This mandatory shift to online teaching made us aware of the importance of restructuring and implementing the medical curriculum to support virtual education, especially in practical and clinical sessions learning.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"220 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44441303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_126_20
Abdulrahman Alfawzan, Moeber M. Mahzari, S. Agha, A. Omair, Omar Alfawzan, R. Alessa, A. Alturki, Kholoud Alshiha
Background: Research in academia suggests that types of school may have an impact on learning styles. The study is aimed to examine the learning styles of students from medical institutions using different types of curriculum. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the three largest public-sector medical colleges using conventional, hybrid, and a problem-based learning-based curriculum in Saudi Arabia. By using convenient sampling, we collected 316 responses. The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic data and index of learning style instrument. The categorical data were presented as percentages and descriptive data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Value of P < 0.05 level was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 316 participants, the male-to-female ratio was 1:1. Gender was associated with a significant difference in the visual/verbal dimension (P = 0.034). Irrespective of college, most of the participants are primarily balanced in active/reflective (67.2%), visual (51.1%), and sequential (68.8%) with slight shift toward sensing (47.6%). Significant differences between colleges were found in sensing/intuitive (P = 0.005) and sequential/global (P = 0.012) dimensions. There was no significant association between academic years with learning styles in the three medical colleges from public sector universities. Conclusion: Irrespective of college, most of the participants' preferred style was visual illustrations supported by hands-on teaching in a stepwise process. Although, medical students in different universities possessed different learning styles. It has also been shown that students in a single university tend to develop the same learning styles as they advance through the years. The collaboration between institutions using different types of the curriculum may increase the quality of education by developing effective teaching and learning methods that correspond with the learning styles of students.
{"title":"An assessment of learning styles of undergraduate medical students in three different types of curriculum","authors":"Abdulrahman Alfawzan, Moeber M. Mahzari, S. Agha, A. Omair, Omar Alfawzan, R. Alessa, A. Alturki, Kholoud Alshiha","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_126_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_126_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Research in academia suggests that types of school may have an impact on learning styles. The study is aimed to examine the learning styles of students from medical institutions using different types of curriculum. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the three largest public-sector medical colleges using conventional, hybrid, and a problem-based learning-based curriculum in Saudi Arabia. By using convenient sampling, we collected 316 responses. The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic data and index of learning style instrument. The categorical data were presented as percentages and descriptive data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Value of P < 0.05 level was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the 316 participants, the male-to-female ratio was 1:1. Gender was associated with a significant difference in the visual/verbal dimension (P = 0.034). Irrespective of college, most of the participants are primarily balanced in active/reflective (67.2%), visual (51.1%), and sequential (68.8%) with slight shift toward sensing (47.6%). Significant differences between colleges were found in sensing/intuitive (P = 0.005) and sequential/global (P = 0.012) dimensions. There was no significant association between academic years with learning styles in the three medical colleges from public sector universities. Conclusion: Irrespective of college, most of the participants' preferred style was visual illustrations supported by hands-on teaching in a stepwise process. Although, medical students in different universities possessed different learning styles. It has also been shown that students in a single university tend to develop the same learning styles as they advance through the years. The collaboration between institutions using different types of the curriculum may increase the quality of education by developing effective teaching and learning methods that correspond with the learning styles of students.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"267 - 273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48007913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_135_20
Neeraj Agarwal, S. Pandey, A. Mishra, B. Biswas, Pallavi Lohani
Purpose: In response to ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 pandemic, flu clinics were set by most of the hospitals all over India to screen patients for the disease. The study aimed to find out treatment outcome of patients attending a flu clinic at a tertiary health-care facility. Methods: It is an observational study, cross-sectional in design. The study used data routinely collected at the flu clinic of a selected tertiary health-care facility of a selected state of India. Data collected between March 22, 2020, and May 31, 2020 were used for the study. Results: Among 3873 study participants, 364 (9.4%) required admission in COVID-19 isolation ward for testing, while 1536 (39.6%) were referred for further management and the rest being symptomatically managed or home quarantined. In multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis, females, lockdown phases, symptomatic, severe acute respiratory illness patients, those with contact history with a COVID-19 case, chronic comorbidities, and health worker had significantly higher odds of being admitted in COVID-19 isolation ward compared to others. Those who belonged to the age group of 16–30 years had significantly lower odds of admission. On the other hand, age, sex, lockdown phases, native district COVID-19 risk category, symptom status, chronic comorbidity, contact history, travel history. and profession were significant predictors of referral for further management. Conclusion: Half of the study participants were home quarantined or symptomatically managed. Age, sex, symptom status, contact history, travel history, chronic comorbidity, and profession were significant predictors for their treatment outcome.
{"title":"Clinical outcomes of patients attending a flu clinic at a tertiary health-care facility in india during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Neeraj Agarwal, S. Pandey, A. Mishra, B. Biswas, Pallavi Lohani","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_135_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_135_20","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: In response to ongoing coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 pandemic, flu clinics were set by most of the hospitals all over India to screen patients for the disease. The study aimed to find out treatment outcome of patients attending a flu clinic at a tertiary health-care facility. Methods: It is an observational study, cross-sectional in design. The study used data routinely collected at the flu clinic of a selected tertiary health-care facility of a selected state of India. Data collected between March 22, 2020, and May 31, 2020 were used for the study. Results: Among 3873 study participants, 364 (9.4%) required admission in COVID-19 isolation ward for testing, while 1536 (39.6%) were referred for further management and the rest being symptomatically managed or home quarantined. In multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis, females, lockdown phases, symptomatic, severe acute respiratory illness patients, those with contact history with a COVID-19 case, chronic comorbidities, and health worker had significantly higher odds of being admitted in COVID-19 isolation ward compared to others. Those who belonged to the age group of 16–30 years had significantly lower odds of admission. On the other hand, age, sex, lockdown phases, native district COVID-19 risk category, symptom status, chronic comorbidity, contact history, travel history. and profession were significant predictors of referral for further management. Conclusion: Half of the study participants were home quarantined or symptomatically managed. Age, sex, symptom status, contact history, travel history, chronic comorbidity, and profession were significant predictors for their treatment outcome.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"258 - 266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43656458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_167_20
Lara Alsaleem, Nada Alyousef, Z. Alkaff, Lujane Alzaid, Reema Alotaibi, S. Shaik
Objectives: Our objectives are to estimate the prevalence of self-esteem and imposter syndrome, to compare their prevalence between genders and different academic years, and to determine their associated factors among King Saud University (KSU) medical students. Methods: Our study is a quantitative analytical cross-sectional study. Data were collected on the KSU campus. Participants in this research are KSU medical students including males and females from 1st to 5th year, with a sample size of 502. A stratified random sampling design was used. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire that includes the Young imposter scale, Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and sociodemographic factors. Results: The prevalence of low self-esteem and positive imposter syndrome is 23.6% and 42.1% (n = 573), respectively. There is a positive correlation between low self-esteem and positive imposter syndrome. There is a significant association between self-esteem and gender, mother's education, and Grade Point Average (GPA). Imposter syndrome is significantly associated with gender. Conclusion: Low self-esteem and positive imposter syndrome are prevalent among medical students, especially in the first few years and particularly in female students. These issues affect the mental health of medical students and thus need to be addressed to possibly improve the educational system.
{"title":"Prevalence of self-esteem and imposter syndrome and their associated factors among king saud university medical students","authors":"Lara Alsaleem, Nada Alyousef, Z. Alkaff, Lujane Alzaid, Reema Alotaibi, S. Shaik","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_167_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_167_20","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Our objectives are to estimate the prevalence of self-esteem and imposter syndrome, to compare their prevalence between genders and different academic years, and to determine their associated factors among King Saud University (KSU) medical students. Methods: Our study is a quantitative analytical cross-sectional study. Data were collected on the KSU campus. Participants in this research are KSU medical students including males and females from 1st to 5th year, with a sample size of 502. A stratified random sampling design was used. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire that includes the Young imposter scale, Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and sociodemographic factors. Results: The prevalence of low self-esteem and positive imposter syndrome is 23.6% and 42.1% (n = 573), respectively. There is a positive correlation between low self-esteem and positive imposter syndrome. There is a significant association between self-esteem and gender, mother's education, and Grade Point Average (GPA). Imposter syndrome is significantly associated with gender. Conclusion: Low self-esteem and positive imposter syndrome are prevalent among medical students, especially in the first few years and particularly in female students. These issues affect the mental health of medical students and thus need to be addressed to possibly improve the educational system.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"226 - 231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42539669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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