Khalifa Binkhamis, M. Barry, Mashel Alkahtani, Rakan Almetary, Dana Alrasheed, Abduljabbar Alyamani, Maha M Barakeh
Background: Health-care workers are at risk of contracting and transmitting infections. Few studies have assessed knowledge of transmission-based precautions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study is to estimate the students' knowledge and practice of airborne and droplet precautions as well as knowledge of COVID-19 measures among medical, dental, and nursing students at King Saud University (KSU) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Subjects and Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey-based study conducted from August 2020 to October 2020 at KSU. Students that met the inclusion criteria were contacted and given questionnaires through social media; a convenience sampling technique was implemented due to limitations of contact during the pandemic. Results: 435 students were included in the study. Most of them were females (61.4%), and the distribution was 31.7%, 25.5%, and 42.8% for medical, dentistry, and nursing students, respectively. The mean knowledge of airborne and droplet precautions was 56.6%. Nursing and dentistry students displayed significantly lower knowledge of isolation precautions compared to medical students (P < 0.001). Knowledge of isolation precautions had correlated significantly and positively with self-rated better hygienic practices, r = 0.340, P < 0.010. The students' average knowledge score about COVID-19 was 81.37%. Moreover, results showed that students' overall mean willingness to take the vaccine for COVID-19 was 81%. Students' mean self-rated willingness to undergo COVID-19 vaccination correlated significantly and positively with their knowledge of infection control (r = 0.162, P < 0.010). Conclusion: Based on our study, the overall mean knowledge and practice of KSU health students were satisfactory, and their willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 is acceptable. The study took place while students were learning online hence, we suggest future research to examine the practice of infection control measures after the pandemic.
背景:卫生保健工作者面临感染和传播感染的风险。很少有研究评估了COVID-19大流行期间基于传播的预防措施的知识。本研究的目的是估计在COVID-19大流行期间，沙特国王大学(KSU)医学、牙科和护理专业的学生对空气传播和飞沫预防措施的知识和实践，以及COVID-19措施的知识。对象和方法:这是一项基于横断面调查的研究，于2020年8月至2020年10月在KSU进行。通过社交媒体与符合入选标准的学生联系并发放问卷;由于大流行期间接触的限制，采用了一种方便的抽样技术。结果:435名学生被纳入研究。其中以女性居多(61.4%)，医学、牙科和护理专业学生的分布分别为31.7%、25.5%和42.8%。空气和飞沫预防知识平均知晓率为56.6%。护理和牙科专业的学生对隔离措施的了解程度明显低于医学生(P < 0.001)。隔离预防知识与自我评价的良好卫生习惯呈正相关，r = 0.340, P < 0.010。学生对新冠肺炎知识的平均得分为81.37%。此外，结果显示，学生接种COVID-19疫苗的总体平均意愿为81%。学生平均自我评价的新冠肺炎疫苗接种意愿与感染控制知识知晓程度呈显著正相关(r = 0.162, P < 0.010)。结论:根据我们的研究，KSU健康学生的总体平均知识和实践是令人满意的，他们接种COVID-19疫苗的意愿是可以接受的。该研究是在学生在线学习时进行的，因此，我们建议未来的研究检查大流行后感染控制措施的实践。
{"title":"Knowledge and practice of airborne and droplet precautions among healthcare students during COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Khalifa Binkhamis, M. Barry, Mashel Alkahtani, Rakan Almetary, Dana Alrasheed, Abduljabbar Alyamani, Maha M Barakeh","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_34_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_34_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Health-care workers are at risk of contracting and transmitting infections. Few studies have assessed knowledge of transmission-based precautions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study is to estimate the students' knowledge and practice of airborne and droplet precautions as well as knowledge of COVID-19 measures among medical, dental, and nursing students at King Saud University (KSU) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Subjects and Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey-based study conducted from August 2020 to October 2020 at KSU. Students that met the inclusion criteria were contacted and given questionnaires through social media; a convenience sampling technique was implemented due to limitations of contact during the pandemic. Results: 435 students were included in the study. Most of them were females (61.4%), and the distribution was 31.7%, 25.5%, and 42.8% for medical, dentistry, and nursing students, respectively. The mean knowledge of airborne and droplet precautions was 56.6%. Nursing and dentistry students displayed significantly lower knowledge of isolation precautions compared to medical students (P < 0.001). Knowledge of isolation precautions had correlated significantly and positively with self-rated better hygienic practices, r = 0.340, P < 0.010. The students' average knowledge score about COVID-19 was 81.37%. Moreover, results showed that students' overall mean willingness to take the vaccine for COVID-19 was 81%. Students' mean self-rated willingness to undergo COVID-19 vaccination correlated significantly and positively with their knowledge of infection control (r = 0.162, P < 0.010). Conclusion: Based on our study, the overall mean knowledge and practice of KSU health students were satisfactory, and their willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 is acceptable. The study took place while students were learning online hence, we suggest future research to examine the practice of infection control measures after the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"75 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42212394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_104_21
Muhammad Khan, S. Aga, Amro Noorwali, Mohammad Allaf, Waddah Althagafi, Adnan Bahashwan
Objectives: Shisha smoking in the middle east especially in Saudi Arabia is one of the traditional ways to consume tobacco which nowadays has transformed beyond just smoking tobacco and has become a style statement among youth across all generations and genders. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, awareness, and practice of public about the shisha smoking. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out among the public of all levels in Jeddah from September 2018 through March 2019. A predesigned and validated questionnaire about shisha smoking was adopted to achieve the purpose of the study. Results: A total of 500 public responded to this survey, of them, 284 (56.8%) were males, while 216 (43.2%) were female; in addition, 294 (58.8%) were single and 328 (66.4%) had bachelor's degree. Around 200 (41.2%) were regular cigarette smokers while 185 (47.1%) were shisha smokers and only 94 (19.2%) smoked both. Among shisha smoker's majority of 75 (59.5%) smoked with friends and 53 (50.0%) shared their hose. In addition, most of the public agreed to the addictive nature of smoking in both forms, however, only 78 (18.4%) believed that shisha to be more addictive than cigarettes. Significant differences were found in smoking status, income, and years of smoking in between genders (P < 0.05). In addition, higher income and higher educational status were significantly associated with the habit of shisha smoking. Conclusions: This study found out the prevalence of smoking to be higher among surveyed public, especially shisha in both males and females. However, around 57% of the participants identified the need to quit it.
{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding shisha smoking in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Muhammad Khan, S. Aga, Amro Noorwali, Mohammad Allaf, Waddah Althagafi, Adnan Bahashwan","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_104_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_104_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Shisha smoking in the middle east especially in Saudi Arabia is one of the traditional ways to consume tobacco which nowadays has transformed beyond just smoking tobacco and has become a style statement among youth across all generations and genders. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, awareness, and practice of public about the shisha smoking. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out among the public of all levels in Jeddah from September 2018 through March 2019. A predesigned and validated questionnaire about shisha smoking was adopted to achieve the purpose of the study. Results: A total of 500 public responded to this survey, of them, 284 (56.8%) were males, while 216 (43.2%) were female; in addition, 294 (58.8%) were single and 328 (66.4%) had bachelor's degree. Around 200 (41.2%) were regular cigarette smokers while 185 (47.1%) were shisha smokers and only 94 (19.2%) smoked both. Among shisha smoker's majority of 75 (59.5%) smoked with friends and 53 (50.0%) shared their hose. In addition, most of the public agreed to the addictive nature of smoking in both forms, however, only 78 (18.4%) believed that shisha to be more addictive than cigarettes. Significant differences were found in smoking status, income, and years of smoking in between genders (P < 0.05). In addition, higher income and higher educational status were significantly associated with the habit of shisha smoking. Conclusions: This study found out the prevalence of smoking to be higher among surveyed public, especially shisha in both males and females. However, around 57% of the participants identified the need to quit it.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"51 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49412665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammed Salahuddin, Dilshad Manzar, Aleem Unissa, S. Pandi‑Perumal, Ahmed S. Bahammam
Background: Implications from accumulated bodies of commentaries and media/social-media reports highlight the drug shortage during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this special report, the relation between drug shortage and response measures is discussed in the light of a preliminary data construct. Materials and Methods: Media reports and social media posts on public and national drug regulatory bodies' websites were searched between March 1, 2020, and August 11, 2020. The search's key terms were shortage, nonavailability, essential medicine, essential drug, imported medicine, imported drug, COVID-19, current pandemic, and corona. A qualitative and quantitative summary of drug-shortage response pages and trends of drug-shortage reports are presented. Results: In the developed countries, the drug regulatory bodies released drug-shortage response pages; such pages were not made available in the developing countries. There were reports of drug shortages from both the developing and developed countries. There were reports of drug shortage from as early as March 2020 when the lockdown was first implemented and continued until July 2020. The reported drug shortages varied from that of simple essential medicines to those needed in critical care. Conclusions: The study findings highlighted the spread (across the developing and developed countries), time trend of drug-shortage reports (started from the 1st week of the first round of lockdown and continued throughout the study duration), and nontermination of drug-shortage reports even after availability of drug-shortage response page.
{"title":"The global shortage of essential drugs during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence based on aggregated media and social media reports","authors":"Mohammed Salahuddin, Dilshad Manzar, Aleem Unissa, S. Pandi‑Perumal, Ahmed S. Bahammam","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_61_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_61_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Implications from accumulated bodies of commentaries and media/social-media reports highlight the drug shortage during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this special report, the relation between drug shortage and response measures is discussed in the light of a preliminary data construct. Materials and Methods: Media reports and social media posts on public and national drug regulatory bodies' websites were searched between March 1, 2020, and August 11, 2020. The search's key terms were shortage, nonavailability, essential medicine, essential drug, imported medicine, imported drug, COVID-19, current pandemic, and corona. A qualitative and quantitative summary of drug-shortage response pages and trends of drug-shortage reports are presented. Results: In the developed countries, the drug regulatory bodies released drug-shortage response pages; such pages were not made available in the developing countries. There were reports of drug shortages from both the developing and developed countries. There were reports of drug shortage from as early as March 2020 when the lockdown was first implemented and continued until July 2020. The reported drug shortages varied from that of simple essential medicines to those needed in critical care. Conclusions: The study findings highlighted the spread (across the developing and developed countries), time trend of drug-shortage reports (started from the 1st week of the first round of lockdown and continued throughout the study duration), and nontermination of drug-shortage reports even after availability of drug-shortage response page.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"23 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41848443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. AlHadi, Mohammad I Almutlaq, Mohammed Almohawes, A. Shadid, Abdulaziz S. Alangari
Background: Mental health workers face a lot of stressors in their jobs. This issue has been addressed widely by researchers as a major factor predisposing these professionals to many mental health disorders. However, there is limited research addressing the prevalence of these disorders and their treatment preferences among mental health professionals (MHPs) in Saudi Arabia. Aims: This study aims to assess the prevalence and treatment preference of depression, anxiety, and burnout among MHPs in Saudi Arabia. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, MHPs in Saudi Arabia were approached to participate in the study. A self-administered online survey was administered with questions on basic demographics, treatment preference, and three scales that assessed burnout (the Maslach Burnout Inventory), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7). SPSS version 22.0 was used to perform the analysis. Results: A total of 1,253 surveys were completed (59.8% by women); most respondents were psychologists (72.5%). Burnout was the most prevalent in our sample (42.7%), followed by depression (21%) and anxiety (19%). Psychiatrists were more likely to suffer from emotional exhaustion than other MHPs. Women were significantly more likely to develop anxiety and depression than men. For (37%) of the psychologists and similarly (36.65%) of the psychiatrists, making decisions about inpatient treatment was influenced by confidentiality or stigma. Conclusion: Burnout, depression, and anxiety are prevalent among MHPs. Implementing strategies to overcome these issues are vital to improve their well-being and maintain the provision of high-quality mental health care to their patients.
{"title":"Prevalence and treatment preference of burnout, depression, and anxiety among mental health professionals in Saudi Arabia","authors":"A. AlHadi, Mohammad I Almutlaq, Mohammed Almohawes, A. Shadid, Abdulaziz S. Alangari","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_93_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_93_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mental health workers face a lot of stressors in their jobs. This issue has been addressed widely by researchers as a major factor predisposing these professionals to many mental health disorders. However, there is limited research addressing the prevalence of these disorders and their treatment preferences among mental health professionals (MHPs) in Saudi Arabia. Aims: This study aims to assess the prevalence and treatment preference of depression, anxiety, and burnout among MHPs in Saudi Arabia. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, MHPs in Saudi Arabia were approached to participate in the study. A self-administered online survey was administered with questions on basic demographics, treatment preference, and three scales that assessed burnout (the Maslach Burnout Inventory), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7). SPSS version 22.0 was used to perform the analysis. Results: A total of 1,253 surveys were completed (59.8% by women); most respondents were psychologists (72.5%). Burnout was the most prevalent in our sample (42.7%), followed by depression (21%) and anxiety (19%). Psychiatrists were more likely to suffer from emotional exhaustion than other MHPs. Women were significantly more likely to develop anxiety and depression than men. For (37%) of the psychologists and similarly (36.65%) of the psychiatrists, making decisions about inpatient treatment was influenced by confidentiality or stigma. Conclusion: Burnout, depression, and anxiety are prevalent among MHPs. Implementing strategies to overcome these issues are vital to improve their well-being and maintain the provision of high-quality mental health care to their patients.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"57 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47255695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Body image perceptions and satisfaction are known to influence health behaviors; however, data on body image concerns in medical students, especially in the Middle East, are scarce, with no studies on the differences in body image perceptions and satisfaction across the years of medical training. Objectives: The objective was to study the body image concerns and weight control behaviors among medical students in a private medical college in Oman and analyze differences among various groups of medical students (premedical, preclinical, and clinical). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among students of a private medical college in Oman. Information regarding their body image perceptions, image satisfaction, and attempts to control weight was obtained through a self-administered questionnaire. Students' responses on self-reported body mass index (BMI), perceived body image, body image satisfaction, and weight control measures were collected, tabulated, analyzed, and interpreted. Results: A total of 351 medical students participated in the study (mean age of 21.56 ± 2.2 years, mean BMI of 22.7 ± 4.3 kg/m2, 87.7% females), of these 129 (36.8%), 112 (31.9%), and 110 (31.3%) students belonged to the premedical, preclinical, and clinical years, respectively. There were 226 (64.4%) students with normal BMI, 43 (12.3%) were underweight, and 82 (23.3%) overweight/obese. Incorrect image perceptions were observed in 204 (58.1%). One hundred and nine students (31.1%) were dissatisfied with their body image and 245 (69.5%) attempted to lose weight (earlier/currently). Perceived body image and body image satisfaction were significantly associated (P < 0.001); however, there was no association of body image perceptions/image dissatisfaction with self-reported BMI. Weight control measures such as exercise, calorie restriction, fasting, crash diet, and liquid diet were noted. Attempts to change weight were significantly related to students' perceived image (P < 0.001) and body image satisfaction (P = 0.011) but not to their self-reported BMI. No differences were found between students belonging to premedical, preclinical, and clinical years with respect to their body image perceptions, image satisfaction, BMI, attempts to change weight, and weight control methods (except fasting). Conclusions: Results indicate that body image misperceptions (58.1%) and image dissatisfaction (31.1%) exist among our medical students from Oman. Exposure to the knowledge of body image issues and eating disorders during their medical training did not positively impact their image perceptions/image satisfaction and weight control attempts across the years of study. This underlines the need to revise the medical curriculum through the introduction of awareness modules and psychoeducation sessions focusing on body image issues and healthy weight control behaviors.
{"title":"Body image concerns and weight control behaviors among medical students in Oman","authors":"C. Divecha, M. Simon","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_44_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_44_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Body image perceptions and satisfaction are known to influence health behaviors; however, data on body image concerns in medical students, especially in the Middle East, are scarce, with no studies on the differences in body image perceptions and satisfaction across the years of medical training. Objectives: The objective was to study the body image concerns and weight control behaviors among medical students in a private medical college in Oman and analyze differences among various groups of medical students (premedical, preclinical, and clinical). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among students of a private medical college in Oman. Information regarding their body image perceptions, image satisfaction, and attempts to control weight was obtained through a self-administered questionnaire. Students' responses on self-reported body mass index (BMI), perceived body image, body image satisfaction, and weight control measures were collected, tabulated, analyzed, and interpreted. Results: A total of 351 medical students participated in the study (mean age of 21.56 ± 2.2 years, mean BMI of 22.7 ± 4.3 kg/m2, 87.7% females), of these 129 (36.8%), 112 (31.9%), and 110 (31.3%) students belonged to the premedical, preclinical, and clinical years, respectively. There were 226 (64.4%) students with normal BMI, 43 (12.3%) were underweight, and 82 (23.3%) overweight/obese. Incorrect image perceptions were observed in 204 (58.1%). One hundred and nine students (31.1%) were dissatisfied with their body image and 245 (69.5%) attempted to lose weight (earlier/currently). Perceived body image and body image satisfaction were significantly associated (P < 0.001); however, there was no association of body image perceptions/image dissatisfaction with self-reported BMI. Weight control measures such as exercise, calorie restriction, fasting, crash diet, and liquid diet were noted. Attempts to change weight were significantly related to students' perceived image (P < 0.001) and body image satisfaction (P = 0.011) but not to their self-reported BMI. No differences were found between students belonging to premedical, preclinical, and clinical years with respect to their body image perceptions, image satisfaction, BMI, attempts to change weight, and weight control methods (except fasting). Conclusions: Results indicate that body image misperceptions (58.1%) and image dissatisfaction (31.1%) exist among our medical students from Oman. Exposure to the knowledge of body image issues and eating disorders during their medical training did not positively impact their image perceptions/image satisfaction and weight control attempts across the years of study. This underlines the need to revise the medical curriculum through the introduction of awareness modules and psychoeducation sessions focusing on body image issues and healthy weight control behaviors.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"29 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46295076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fahad Abdullah Dokhaikh, Mohammad A. Alzubaidi, Abdullah Saleh Alghamdi, Abdulaziz A Alghamdi, Thamer A. H. Alghamdi
Background: As a specialty, internal medicine's historical and philosophical roots lie in the German medical tradition of the second half of the 19th century. However, what uniquely defines the specialty of internal medicine is certainly not fully captured in its name. Objective: To assess the knowledge of Saudi population regarding the scope of internal medicine speciality, 2020. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that utilized an online questionnaire for data collection. All those who consent and can fill the Arabic online form were eligible to participate in the study. The only exclusion criteria were health-care workers and non-Arabic speakers. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS, version 26.0). Results: A total of 1692 responses were analyzed, of which 60.7% were females and (76.8%) had university education. The majority (77.5%) see that the term is clear. Of the total sample, only (35.8%) answered correctly when asked about the role of internal medicine doctor. When asked if the term (internal medicine) is clear, educational level and region were significantly associated (P = 0.004, 0.03), respectively. Conclusion: The Arabic contrast of the term (internal medicine) may not describe the true meaning or the job of internal medicine doctors as approximately only one third (35.8%) knew the role of medical internists. A variety of factors other than the Arabic synonymous of the term (internal medicine) can influence the understanding of the public to what is internal medicine.
{"title":"Saudi Population Perception about Medical Internists, 2020","authors":"Fahad Abdullah Dokhaikh, Mohammad A. Alzubaidi, Abdullah Saleh Alghamdi, Abdulaziz A Alghamdi, Thamer A. H. Alghamdi","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_42_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_42_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: As a specialty, internal medicine's historical and philosophical roots lie in the German medical tradition of the second half of the 19th century. However, what uniquely defines the specialty of internal medicine is certainly not fully captured in its name. Objective: To assess the knowledge of Saudi population regarding the scope of internal medicine speciality, 2020. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that utilized an online questionnaire for data collection. All those who consent and can fill the Arabic online form were eligible to participate in the study. The only exclusion criteria were health-care workers and non-Arabic speakers. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS, version 26.0). Results: A total of 1692 responses were analyzed, of which 60.7% were females and (76.8%) had university education. The majority (77.5%) see that the term is clear. Of the total sample, only (35.8%) answered correctly when asked about the role of internal medicine doctor. When asked if the term (internal medicine) is clear, educational level and region were significantly associated (P = 0.004, 0.03), respectively. Conclusion: The Arabic contrast of the term (internal medicine) may not describe the true meaning or the job of internal medicine doctors as approximately only one third (35.8%) knew the role of medical internists. A variety of factors other than the Arabic synonymous of the term (internal medicine) can influence the understanding of the public to what is internal medicine.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"36 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48784281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_143_20
A. Jamal, K. A. Al Ghamdi, Shabana Tharkar, Ibrahhem Al-Rabiah, M. Al-Shehri, Abdulmalik Al-Sahaf, Mohammed Al-Baz, Abdullah Al-Rowailey, Abdulrahman Al-Fowzan
Objectives: Medical photography is imperative for maintaining documentation of patient records and aiding in diagnosis and management, research, education, and training. Smartphones have replaced conventional photography due to their ease of availability, accessibility, and storage; however, their use raises privacy and ethical concerns. The objective of the present study was to determine the current trends in clinical photography and to assess the ethical issues involved in this field. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was used to interview physicians registered at the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties. Data collection was performed using the SurveyMonkey platform, and the final sample included complete responses from 210 participants. Results: A total of 147 physicians (70%) reported taking clinical photographs. Personal smartphones were the most common device used by 116 (79%) physicians, and 43 (29.3%) reported also using hospital cameras for photographing their patients. Patient visit follow-ups and medical education/training were the most popular reasons for clinical photography. Access to these devices was not well secured, with only 42 (28.6%) physicians reporting storing them in a separate folder with a password. Furthermore, no significant differences were observed in consent-taking practices between male and female patients and in the cross-analysis between physicians' and patients' genders. However, significant differences were obtained in the method of consent for identifiable and nonidentifiable photographs, with written consent preferred over verbal in identifiable photographs (P = 0.025). Common misuses included not obtaining proper consent before taking and while sharing the photographs, which raises serious privacy concerns. Patients' refusal to be photographed was the most common barrier reported by 55 (26.2%) physicians. Conclusions: Physicians mostly resorted to personal smartphones for capturing and storing patient photographs. This study identified a widespread prevalence of inadvertent practices related to inadequate consent, photograph sharing, and unsecured storage, which increases the risk of a breach of confidentiality. There is an urgent need to enforce standard guidelines and regulations addressing patients' privacy and ethical concerns involving digital photography in clinical practice.
{"title":"Contemporary trends and ethical concerns in clinical photography in Saudi Arabia: A preliminary study","authors":"A. Jamal, K. A. Al Ghamdi, Shabana Tharkar, Ibrahhem Al-Rabiah, M. Al-Shehri, Abdulmalik Al-Sahaf, Mohammed Al-Baz, Abdullah Al-Rowailey, Abdulrahman Al-Fowzan","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_143_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_143_20","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Medical photography is imperative for maintaining documentation of patient records and aiding in diagnosis and management, research, education, and training. Smartphones have replaced conventional photography due to their ease of availability, accessibility, and storage; however, their use raises privacy and ethical concerns. The objective of the present study was to determine the current trends in clinical photography and to assess the ethical issues involved in this field. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was used to interview physicians registered at the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties. Data collection was performed using the SurveyMonkey platform, and the final sample included complete responses from 210 participants. Results: A total of 147 physicians (70%) reported taking clinical photographs. Personal smartphones were the most common device used by 116 (79%) physicians, and 43 (29.3%) reported also using hospital cameras for photographing their patients. Patient visit follow-ups and medical education/training were the most popular reasons for clinical photography. Access to these devices was not well secured, with only 42 (28.6%) physicians reporting storing them in a separate folder with a password. Furthermore, no significant differences were observed in consent-taking practices between male and female patients and in the cross-analysis between physicians' and patients' genders. However, significant differences were obtained in the method of consent for identifiable and nonidentifiable photographs, with written consent preferred over verbal in identifiable photographs (P = 0.025). Common misuses included not obtaining proper consent before taking and while sharing the photographs, which raises serious privacy concerns. Patients' refusal to be photographed was the most common barrier reported by 55 (26.2%) physicians. Conclusions: Physicians mostly resorted to personal smartphones for capturing and storing patient photographs. This study identified a widespread prevalence of inadvertent practices related to inadequate consent, photograph sharing, and unsecured storage, which increases the risk of a breach of confidentiality. There is an urgent need to enforce standard guidelines and regulations addressing patients' privacy and ethical concerns involving digital photography in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"44 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43919929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_101_20
Hend Alotaibi, Raghad Alharthi, Hanadi M ALMutairi, Alanoud Alsuhibani, Rakan Alenezi, Abdulaziz A. Alodhayani
Background: The application of skin-whitening products to have fairer and lighter skin tone has now become common practice worldwide. Research supports that even skin distribution and fairer skin are the symbol of attractiveness and superiority. Objective: This study aims to determine the belief and awareness about the composition and hazardous effects of skin-whitening products among Saudi population. Design: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 395 respondents participated in the study. This was a cross-sectional survey study that was carried out in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The two-part questionnaire was filled by a convenience sample of 395 Saudi participants. The survey questions were related to whitening creams effectiveness, reasons of use, and the safety of the whitening products. The survey data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: The most representative age group who responded was 18–25 years (26%), 73% were female (n = 185), and 53.1% were married. Regarding the level of knowledge among respondents on skin-whitening cream-negative implications, it was found that there is an association between age and whitening cream side effects (<0.05). Ages between 18 and 25 (73.5% said yes) and between 31 and 35 (75.6%) suffer higher from side effects of whitening creams as compared to the other age groups. Conclusion: The analysis shows that cosmetic use of skin-whitening creams is more common among females. The people of all age groups were not aware of the deleterious effects of skin-whitening creams. From the study, it was found that people who suffer from the negative effects of creams were mostly of age less than 35.
{"title":"Use of skin-bleaching products among Saudi population: Are they aware of their hazards?","authors":"Hend Alotaibi, Raghad Alharthi, Hanadi M ALMutairi, Alanoud Alsuhibani, Rakan Alenezi, Abdulaziz A. Alodhayani","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_101_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_101_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The application of skin-whitening products to have fairer and lighter skin tone has now become common practice worldwide. Research supports that even skin distribution and fairer skin are the symbol of attractiveness and superiority. Objective: This study aims to determine the belief and awareness about the composition and hazardous effects of skin-whitening products among Saudi population. Design: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 395 respondents participated in the study. This was a cross-sectional survey study that was carried out in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The two-part questionnaire was filled by a convenience sample of 395 Saudi participants. The survey questions were related to whitening creams effectiveness, reasons of use, and the safety of the whitening products. The survey data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: The most representative age group who responded was 18–25 years (26%), 73% were female (n = 185), and 53.1% were married. Regarding the level of knowledge among respondents on skin-whitening cream-negative implications, it was found that there is an association between age and whitening cream side effects (<0.05). Ages between 18 and 25 (73.5% said yes) and between 31 and 35 (75.6%) suffer higher from side effects of whitening creams as compared to the other age groups. Conclusion: The analysis shows that cosmetic use of skin-whitening creams is more common among females. The people of all age groups were not aware of the deleterious effects of skin-whitening creams. From the study, it was found that people who suffer from the negative effects of creams were mostly of age less than 35.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"3 - 6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42099993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_138_20
F. Alzhrani, H. Alassiry, I. Alorainy, F. Albadr, Yassin Abdulsamad, Ahmad Aldhaferi
Objectives: Cochlear implantation provides significant benefits to patients with postmeningitis deafness; however, the prediction of the outcome is difficult. Therefore, the goal was to investigate whether there is a correlation between cochlear implantation outcome in postmeningitis deafness and the radiological grade of cochlear ossification. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January 2013 and December 2017, nine patients with 14 diseased ears were included. All patients with postmeningitis deafness who had cochlear ossification and underwent cochlear implantation were included. Patients' demographic data and postoperative audiological outcome were recorded. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were independently reviewed by two neuroradiologists and graded for cochlear ossification. The correlation between the preoperative radiological grade of cochlear ossification and postcochlear implant audiological outcome was examined. Results: The mean duration of deafness before implantation was 6.5 months, and the average PTA4k for all included ears was 28.9 dB. The average speech reception threshold was 22.5 dB. There was no significant difference in the audiological outcome between the different radiological degrees of cochlear ossification using either MRI or CT. Conclusion: The present study showed that the radiological degree of cochlear ossification postmeningitis is not a useful predictor of the audiological outcome postcochlear implant. However, the small sample size remains a major limitation of the current study.
{"title":"Effect of radiological grade of cochlear ossification on cochlear implant outcome in postmeningitis deafness","authors":"F. Alzhrani, H. Alassiry, I. Alorainy, F. Albadr, Yassin Abdulsamad, Ahmad Aldhaferi","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_138_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_138_20","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Cochlear implantation provides significant benefits to patients with postmeningitis deafness; however, the prediction of the outcome is difficult. Therefore, the goal was to investigate whether there is a correlation between cochlear implantation outcome in postmeningitis deafness and the radiological grade of cochlear ossification. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between January 2013 and December 2017, nine patients with 14 diseased ears were included. All patients with postmeningitis deafness who had cochlear ossification and underwent cochlear implantation were included. Patients' demographic data and postoperative audiological outcome were recorded. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were independently reviewed by two neuroradiologists and graded for cochlear ossification. The correlation between the preoperative radiological grade of cochlear ossification and postcochlear implant audiological outcome was examined. Results: The mean duration of deafness before implantation was 6.5 months, and the average PTA4k for all included ears was 28.9 dB. The average speech reception threshold was 22.5 dB. There was no significant difference in the audiological outcome between the different radiological degrees of cochlear ossification using either MRI or CT. Conclusion: The present study showed that the radiological degree of cochlear ossification postmeningitis is not a useful predictor of the audiological outcome postcochlear implant. However, the small sample size remains a major limitation of the current study.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"40 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48245352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_172_20
R. Alqarzai, LeenMajed Almaghyuli, Sharouq A Alolyan, F. Alharbi, Ebtehal Aljehani, Dalia Mohamed, M. Kamal
Introduction: Influenza viruses cause seasonal influenza which is an acute respiratory infection. The WHO reported that annually, there are about 290,000–650,000 deaths worldwide due to seasonal influenza. Vaccination is one of the most effective ways to prevent seasonal influenza and despite the high recommendation and the proven effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccines in children, still, there is hesitancy and refuse among children's parents. Objective: This study assesses the parents' knowledge, attitude, and practice toward children's seasonal influenza vaccines (knowledge, attitude and practices). In addition, it aims to figures out solutions to increase awareness toward seasonal influenza vaccines. Methods: This study targets the parents of primary school children aged from 7 to 12 years who live in Buraidah. On 800 sample size, we used cluster random sampling. Self-administer hard copy questionnaire has been distributed. Results: The result shows that there is a significant association between the gender and receiving of flu vaccine P = 0.006, and the most common barrier prevents patents to vaccinate their children was because of their thoughts about its potential side effects 20.2%. Furthermore, there is no relationship between the educational level and the knowledge about seasonal influenza vaccination benefits P = 0.483614. In addition, a great proportion of our participants trust the information given to them by the Saudi Ministry of health and by their doctors 95.5% and 94.2%, respectively. Conclusions: We suggest increasing the effort in awareness campaigns and find a solution to correct the misconception and limits the rumors to increase the number of influenza vaccine uptake.
{"title":"Parents' knowledge, attitude, and practice toward seasonal influenza vaccination of primary school children in Buraidah City, Qassim in 2018–2019","authors":"R. Alqarzai, LeenMajed Almaghyuli, Sharouq A Alolyan, F. Alharbi, Ebtehal Aljehani, Dalia Mohamed, M. Kamal","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_172_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_172_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Influenza viruses cause seasonal influenza which is an acute respiratory infection. The WHO reported that annually, there are about 290,000–650,000 deaths worldwide due to seasonal influenza. Vaccination is one of the most effective ways to prevent seasonal influenza and despite the high recommendation and the proven effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccines in children, still, there is hesitancy and refuse among children's parents. Objective: This study assesses the parents' knowledge, attitude, and practice toward children's seasonal influenza vaccines (knowledge, attitude and practices). In addition, it aims to figures out solutions to increase awareness toward seasonal influenza vaccines. Methods: This study targets the parents of primary school children aged from 7 to 12 years who live in Buraidah. On 800 sample size, we used cluster random sampling. Self-administer hard copy questionnaire has been distributed. Results: The result shows that there is a significant association between the gender and receiving of flu vaccine P = 0.006, and the most common barrier prevents patents to vaccinate their children was because of their thoughts about its potential side effects 20.2%. Furthermore, there is no relationship between the educational level and the knowledge about seasonal influenza vaccination benefits P = 0.483614. In addition, a great proportion of our participants trust the information given to them by the Saudi Ministry of health and by their doctors 95.5% and 94.2%, respectively. Conclusions: We suggest increasing the effort in awareness campaigns and find a solution to correct the misconception and limits the rumors to increase the number of influenza vaccine uptake.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"5 1","pages":"17 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49470751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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