Newly designed software products are frequently disseminated and installed in an open network environment. This paper proposes a blackboard-based human interface architecture for filtering these new software features. This architecture performs three-step filtering. First, the credibility-based selection mechanism selects features that trustworthy colleagues have recommended. Second, the context-sensitive selection mechanism selects features specific to the context of a user’s task execution. Finally, the context-sensitive disclosure mechanism discloses the selected features to the user dynamically and unobtrusively. This disclosure allows users to try out potentially useful features in their own task context and at the same time, helps users evaluate the real usefulness of the features. With this filtering mechanism, users can incorporate really useful features into their tasks with little effort.
{"title":"A blackboard-based architecture for filtering new software features","authors":"Masashi Uyama","doi":"10.1145/168555.168579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/168555.168579","url":null,"abstract":"Newly designed software products are frequently disseminated and installed in an open network environment. This paper proposes a blackboard-based human interface architecture for filtering these new software features. This architecture performs three-step filtering. First, the credibility-based selection mechanism selects features that trustworthy colleagues have recommended. Second, the context-sensitive selection mechanism selects features specific to the context of a user’s task execution. Finally, the context-sensitive disclosure mechanism discloses the selected features to the user dynamically and unobtrusively. This disclosure allows users to try out potentially useful features in their own task context and at the same time, helps users evaluate the real usefulness of the features. With this filtering mechanism, users can incorporate really useful features into their tasks with little effort.","PeriodicalId":338751,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Organizational Computing Systems","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122309916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Kato, Yasuo Kataoka, Yoshihiro Nakamura, Yutaka Mitsunaga
Subscriber cable network management systems have huge-scale relational databases. It is difficult to realize a user-friendly data display for theses ystems due to their nonobject data structure. Two techniques are proposed in order to overcome this problem which create dynamic data objects and provide multi-category views. The creation of dynamic data objects is successfully developed by using a special class which manages an array containing data elements of an arbitrary type. The multi-category view system is developed by realizing a multi-category view server which provides several view objects for client applications by object transportation. A complete prototype system based on these techniques is constructed and evaluated. It is confirmed experimentally that a total time of one second is required from the start of data reference to the completion of data object display on a map.
{"title":"Data object creation and display techniques for the huge database of subscriber cable networks","authors":"Y. Kato, Yasuo Kataoka, Yoshihiro Nakamura, Yutaka Mitsunaga","doi":"10.1145/168555.168575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/168555.168575","url":null,"abstract":"Subscriber cable network management systems have huge-scale relational databases. It is difficult to realize a user-friendly data display for theses ystems due to their nonobject data structure. Two techniques are proposed in order to overcome this problem which create dynamic data objects and provide multi-category views. The creation of dynamic data objects is successfully developed by using a special class which manages an array containing data elements of an arbitrary type. The multi-category view system is developed by realizing a multi-category view server which provides several view objects for client applications by object transportation. A complete prototype system based on these techniques is constructed and evaluated. It is confirmed experimentally that a total time of one second is required from the start of data reference to the completion of data object display on a map.","PeriodicalId":338751,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Organizational Computing Systems","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130523792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Assistant for Cooperative Work (ASCW) is a powerful system for the management of distributed work. It consists of the Task Manager, the organizational information system TOSCA and the video conferencing tool LIVE. With the Task Manager, common tasks may be shared and manipulated independently by a number of people. Users may organize cooperative tasks, monitor their progress, share documents and services, and exchange messages during task performance. TOSCA provides knowledge about the organizations and their resources which are relevant for the support of communication and cooperation, both for users and applications. Complementary to these two systems, LIVE supports in-house and wide area video conferencing based on the broadband telecommunication net of the German Telecom.
{"title":"ASCW: an assistant for cooperative work","authors":"T. Kreifelts, W. Prinz","doi":"10.1145/168555.168585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/168555.168585","url":null,"abstract":"The Assistant for Cooperative Work (ASCW) is a powerful system for the management of distributed work. It consists of the Task Manager, the organizational information system TOSCA and the video conferencing tool LIVE. With the Task Manager, common tasks may be shared and manipulated independently by a number of people. Users may organize cooperative tasks, monitor their progress, share documents and services, and exchange messages during task performance. TOSCA provides knowledge about the organizations and their resources which are relevant for the support of communication and cooperation, both for users and applications. Complementary to these two systems, LIVE supports in-house and wide area video conferencing based on the broadband telecommunication net of the German Telecom.","PeriodicalId":338751,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Organizational Computing Systems","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126687732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Bogia, William J. Tolone, S. Kaplan, Eric de la Tribouille
Real-life work requirements seldom result in tasks being truly independent. Instead, webs of interdependencies evolve among tasks in a fashion which is sometimes predictable, but often completely ad hoc. In this paper we are concerned with both uncovering a family of basic concepts and mechanisms that can be used to support the mixture of anticipated and ad hoc dependencies that can arise among tasks and describing the reification of these concepts through our Obligation System implemented within the prototype collaboration support environment ConversationBuilder.
{"title":"Supporting dynamic interdependencies among collaborative activities","authors":"D. Bogia, William J. Tolone, S. Kaplan, Eric de la Tribouille","doi":"10.1145/168555.168567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/168555.168567","url":null,"abstract":"Real-life work requirements seldom result in tasks being truly independent. Instead, webs of interdependencies evolve among tasks in a fashion which is sometimes predictable, but often completely ad hoc. In this paper we are concerned with both uncovering a family of basic concepts and mechanisms that can be used to support the mixture of anticipated and ad hoc dependencies that can arise among tasks and describing the reification of these concepts through our Obligation System implemented within the prototype collaboration support environment ConversationBuilder.","PeriodicalId":338751,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Organizational Computing Systems","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131170968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Information Centers (ICs) are an important strategic component in the overall End-user Computing strategies of many banks in Hong Kong, This paper presents the research tindings on the differences and similarities in perceptions of IC managers and IC users towards a list of Critical Success Factors (CSFS). Data was collected through a mail questionnaire survey conducted in late 1992. Nineteen banks participated in this research and sixteen matched pairs of data were used in the final analysis. Seven hypothesis were tested statistically on the perceptions of current level of importance, current level of satisfaction, and fiture level of importance by IC managers and IC users towards 28 CSFS. The results suggest that there is disagreement among IC managers and IC users as to the importance of different CSFS. Also, there is no direct relationship between importance and satisfaction perceived by IC managers and IC users towards different CSFS. The findings and recommendations in this study should provide some valuable inputs for managers in the planning and implementation of ICS. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for commercial advantage, the ACM copyright notice and the title of the publication and its date appear, and notice is given that copying is by permission of the Association for Computing Machinery. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires a fee and/or specific permission.
{"title":"Critical success factors for the implementation of information center in Hong Kong's banking industry","authors":"W. Yip, C. To, Louis C. K. Ma","doi":"10.1145/168555.168564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/168555.168564","url":null,"abstract":"Information Centers (ICs) are an important strategic component in the overall End-user Computing strategies of many banks in Hong Kong, This paper presents the research tindings on the differences and similarities in perceptions of IC managers and IC users towards a list of Critical Success Factors (CSFS). Data was collected through a mail questionnaire survey conducted in late 1992. Nineteen banks participated in this research and sixteen matched pairs of data were used in the final analysis. Seven hypothesis were tested statistically on the perceptions of current level of importance, current level of satisfaction, and fiture level of importance by IC managers and IC users towards 28 CSFS. The results suggest that there is disagreement among IC managers and IC users as to the importance of different CSFS. Also, there is no direct relationship between importance and satisfaction perceived by IC managers and IC users towards different CSFS. The findings and recommendations in this study should provide some valuable inputs for managers in the planning and implementation of ICS. Permission to copy without fee all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for commercial advantage, the ACM copyright notice and the title of the publication and its date appear, and notice is given that copying is by permission of the Association for Computing Machinery. To copy otherwise, or to republish, requires a fee and/or specific permission.","PeriodicalId":338751,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Organizational Computing Systems","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132686681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The user-centered approach was adopted to design multi-user interfaces for group ranking. Six groups of 4 mefnbers, four groups of 3 members, and one group of 6 members were videotaped while performing a ranking task. The videotapes were analyzed resulting in recommendations for the design of multi-user humancomputer interfaces for group ranking of items. The usefulness of the findings and the usefulness of the method are discussed.
{"title":"Multi-user interface for group ranking: user-centered analysis","authors":"Wai-Lan Luk, V. Rao","doi":"10.1145/168555.168557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/168555.168557","url":null,"abstract":"The user-centered approach was adopted to design multi-user interfaces for group ranking. Six groups of 4 mefnbers, four groups of 3 members, and one group of 6 members were videotaped while performing a ranking task. The videotapes were analyzed resulting in recommendations for the design of multi-user humancomputer interfaces for group ranking of items. The usefulness of the findings and the usefulness of the method are discussed.","PeriodicalId":338751,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Organizational Computing Systems","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132111510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The potential of loose-style support of collaboration is discussed. This kind of support does not directly control the way of doing jobs, but indirectly supports collaboration by helping workers to recognize the current situation of the project, to make decisions, to avoid mistakes, and so on. An example of a collaboration supporting system for large-scale software development is presented that adopts both loose-style and tight-style. In our implementation of the loose-style, the system extracts information during the tightly controlled collab or at ion processes and distributes it. This enables developers to share information flow.
{"title":"Supporting collaboration with loose relationship","authors":"Shin-ya Sato, Tatsuro Murakami","doi":"10.1145/168555.168561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/168555.168561","url":null,"abstract":"The potential of loose-style support of collaboration is discussed. This kind of support does not directly control the way of doing jobs, but indirectly supports collaboration by helping workers to recognize the current situation of the project, to make decisions, to avoid mistakes, and so on. An example of a collaboration supporting system for large-scale software development is presented that adopts both loose-style and tight-style. In our implementation of the loose-style, the system extracts information during the tightly controlled collab or at ion processes and distributes it. This enables developers to share information flow.","PeriodicalId":338751,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Organizational Computing Systems","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114228926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Information Tapestry is an experimental system that employs both collab orative filtering and content-based filtering, as well as automatic appraising and highlight ing, to tailor the delivery and presentation of information to each user's personal interests. This permits users to cope with large volumes of incoming documents, includ ing electronic mail, news wire stories and NetNews articles. This paper presents the facilities available to Tapestry users by way of a scenario depicting a day in the life of an active user.
{"title":"A tour through Tapestry","authors":"D. Terry","doi":"10.1145/168555.168558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/168555.168558","url":null,"abstract":"The Information Tapestry is an experimental system that employs both collab orative filtering and content-based filtering, as well as automatic appraising and highlight ing, to tailor the delivery and presentation of information to each user's personal interests. This permits users to cope with large volumes of incoming documents, includ ing electronic mail, news wire stories and NetNews articles. This paper presents the facilities available to Tapestry users by way of a scenario depicting a day in the life of an active user.","PeriodicalId":338751,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Organizational Computing Systems","volume":"4 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123650257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Agostini, G. Michelis, A. Grasso, Stefano Patriarca
Business Process Reengineering (BPR) has been proposed as a new approach to facing the challenge of improving the quality of a business process while reducing its costs. Workgroup computing systems can be considered as the best candidates for BPR, since they aim to improve the effectiveness of the group of people collaborating within a work process. In particular workflow management systems seem to offer the best support to a reengineered business process. In this paper we report on a case of BPR. It consists in the application to a real bank procedure of both a new approach to the analysis of work processes (allowing the evaluation of its transaction costs) and a prototype of a Workflow Management System (WMS), allowing an effective handling of procedure breakdowns without forcing the designers to take care of them.
{"title":"Reengineering a business process with an innovative workflow management system: a case study","authors":"A. Agostini, G. Michelis, A. Grasso, Stefano Patriarca","doi":"10.1145/168555.168571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/168555.168571","url":null,"abstract":"Business Process Reengineering (BPR) has been proposed as a new approach to facing the challenge of improving the quality of a business process while reducing its costs. Workgroup computing systems can be considered as the best candidates for BPR, since they aim to improve the effectiveness of the group of people collaborating within a work process. In particular workflow management systems seem to offer the best support to a reengineered business process. In this paper we report on a case of BPR. It consists in the application to a real bank procedure of both a new approach to the analysis of work processes (allowing the evaluation of its transaction costs) and a prototype of a Workflow Management System (WMS), allowing an effective handling of procedure breakdowns without forcing the designers to take care of them.","PeriodicalId":338751,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Organizational Computing Systems","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115732658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In developing information systems for use in an organization, one often needs to understand the reasons that underlie established work patterns and practices. Because organizational actors depend on each other for goals to be achieved, tasks to be performed, and resources to be furnished, reasons for work patterns can be revealed by examining the dependencies among actors. We present a model which characterizes a work organization in terms of the network of dependencies among organizational actors. Actor dependencies are taken to be intentional – they expand or restrict an actor’s ability to pursue goals. The network of actor dependencies constitutes the intentional structure of the organization. We use examples from business process reengineering to motivate and illustrate the model.
{"title":"An actor dependency model of organizational work: with application to business process reengineering","authors":"E. Yu, J. Mylopoulos","doi":"10.1145/168555.168584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/168555.168584","url":null,"abstract":"In developing information systems for use in an organization, one often needs to understand the reasons that underlie established work patterns and practices. Because organizational actors depend on each other for goals to be achieved, tasks to be performed, and resources to be furnished, reasons for work patterns can be revealed by examining the dependencies among actors. We present a model which characterizes a work organization in terms of the network of dependencies among organizational actors. Actor dependencies are taken to be intentional – they expand or restrict an actor’s ability to pursue goals. The network of actor dependencies constitutes the intentional structure of the organization. We use examples from business process reengineering to motivate and illustrate the model.","PeriodicalId":338751,"journal":{"name":"Conference on Organizational Computing Systems","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130000483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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