Hendra K. Maury, M. A. Purwadi, E. R. Ramandey, John R. Bisai, Bruce H.R. Mauri
Jayapura Regency is one of the regions that considerable potential for economic growth from non-timber forest products. In the development of non-timber forest products in the form of products produced by insects, silk yarn is one of the commodity that has a high demand. The domestic demand for silk yarn is 900 tons/year, while only 19.05 tons/year were produced in 2012. Jayapura Regency has a great potential to supply the shortage of cocoon for the domestic market and the wide open international market. Related to this challenge, this study conducted basic research on the diversity of moths from the Bombicoidea superfamily in the natural forest of Kampung Soaib, Jayapura Regency. Sampling using light traps, four species of moths from the Saturnidae family were obtained, Syntherata apicalis, Opodiphtera intermedia, Opodiphtera papuana, and Coscinocera hercules. The cocoon of Coscinocera hercules is very potential as a silk thread producer because it is large and consists of two layers with brown color and has fiber characteristics similar to the cocoon of Attacus atlas which has been developed as a wild silk producer. These results indicate that the lowland forests of Jayapura Regency as a habitat for wild silkworm species has potential to be developed as non-timber forest products.Key words: Superfamily Bombicoidea; silkworm; cocoon; Jayapura regency
查亚普拉县是非木材林产品经济增长潜力巨大的地区之一。在以昆虫生产的产品形式发展的非木材林产品中，丝纱是需求量较大的商品之一。国内丝纱需求量为900吨/年，而2012年仅生产19.05吨/年。Jayapura Regency有很大的潜力为国内市场和广阔的国际市场提供短缺的蚕茧。针对这一挑战，本研究对Jayapura Regency Kampung Soaib天然林中Bombicoidea超科飞蛾的多样性进行了基础研究。利用灯诱法采集到土蝇科4种蛾类，分别为尖合翅、中足翅、黄足翅和大腹足翅。大力神茧体积大，由两层组成，呈褐色，纤维特征与野生产丝昆虫阿特拉斯(Attacus atlas)蚕茧相似，具有很大的产丝潜力。这些结果表明，查亚普拉县的低地森林作为野生桑蚕的栖息地具有发展为非木材林产品的潜力。关键词:蜂科;蚕;茧;查亚普拉摄政
{"title":"Keanekaragaman Ngengat Superfamily Bombicoidea: Eksplorasi Potensi Ulat Sutera di Dataran Rendah Kabupaten Jayapura","authors":"Hendra K. Maury, M. A. Purwadi, E. R. Ramandey, John R. Bisai, Bruce H.R. Mauri","doi":"10.31957/jbp.2352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.2352","url":null,"abstract":"Jayapura Regency is one of the regions that considerable potential for economic growth from non-timber forest products. In the development of non-timber forest products in the form of products produced by insects, silk yarn is one of the commodity that has a high demand. The domestic demand for silk yarn is 900 tons/year, while only 19.05 tons/year were produced in 2012. Jayapura Regency has a great potential to supply the shortage of cocoon for the domestic market and the wide open international market. Related to this challenge, this study conducted basic research on the diversity of moths from the Bombicoidea superfamily in the natural forest of Kampung Soaib, Jayapura Regency. Sampling using light traps, four species of moths from the Saturnidae family were obtained, Syntherata apicalis, Opodiphtera intermedia, Opodiphtera papuana, and Coscinocera hercules. The cocoon of Coscinocera hercules is very potential as a silk thread producer because it is large and consists of two layers with brown color and has fiber characteristics similar to the cocoon of Attacus atlas which has been developed as a wild silk producer. These results indicate that the lowland forests of Jayapura Regency as a habitat for wild silkworm species has potential to be developed as non-timber forest products.Key words: Superfamily Bombicoidea; silkworm; cocoon; Jayapura regency","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"44 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133357024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of medicinal plants as natural medicine is increasingly trend and developing rapidly to prevent and treat disease, also maintain human health. Spruce plants belong to Casuarinaceae family and Magnoliophyta, generally contain of secondary metabolite compounds such as: alkaloid, saponin, polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin that can be efficacious to cure diseases in human. The purpose of this study was to analyze the secondary metabolites compound of Casuarina equisetifolia L. and Casuarina junghuhniana Mig. using the Fransworth phytochemical screening method of bark ethanol extracts. The analysis of phytochemical screening of spruce bark shows flavonoid, saponin and tannin activity, while the montain spruce shows alkaloid, steroid, saponin and tannin activity. Further research is needed to investigate the ethnopharmaceutical information on the use of the spruce plants as a traditional medicine.Key words: Spruce plants; screening; extract; analysis; phytochemical; secondary metabolite
{"title":"Analisis Golongan Metabolit Sekunder Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Cemara Laut (Casuarina equisetifolia L.) dan Cemara Gunung (Casuarina junghuhniana Mig.)","authors":"Ike G. Siregar, Daniel Lantang, L. Y. Chrystomo","doi":"10.31957/jbp.1687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1687","url":null,"abstract":"The use of medicinal plants as natural medicine is increasingly trend and developing rapidly to prevent and treat disease, also maintain human health. Spruce plants belong to Casuarinaceae family and Magnoliophyta, generally contain of secondary metabolite compounds such as: alkaloid, saponin, polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin that can be efficacious to cure diseases in human. The purpose of this study was to analyze the secondary metabolites compound of Casuarina equisetifolia L. and Casuarina junghuhniana Mig. using the Fransworth phytochemical screening method of bark ethanol extracts. The analysis of phytochemical screening of spruce bark shows flavonoid, saponin and tannin activity, while the montain spruce shows alkaloid, steroid, saponin and tannin activity. Further research is needed to investigate the ethnopharmaceutical information on the use of the spruce plants as a traditional medicine.Key words: Spruce plants; screening; extract; analysis; phytochemical; secondary metabolite ","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126758009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The availability of superior sugarcane varieties is one of the causes of the low national sugarcane production. The results of mutations from Bululawang sugarcane (BL) variety obtained three genotypes that have the potential to have high yields. Sugarcane plants can be cultivated in all locations because sugarcane can be grown in tropical and subtropical areas with the main problem of water availability being either shortage (drought) or excess (poor drainage). Increases and differences in sugarcane yields can be caused by fertilization, good water distribution throughout the sugarcane growth cycle, crop management, climate and different varieties. if the plant does not experience a lack of water, its production can reach 123 ton/ha/year, but if the plant is under moderate stress (4-5 weeks without rain) then the production will drop to 108 Ton/ha/year. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study to determine the potential of each mutant sugarcane at different locations. This research uses direct observation method to each location. Then the data obtained was analyzed descriptively analytically to provide an overview of the object under study through the data that has been collected as it is without analyzing and making conclusions that apply to the public. The results of the research that the M1 mutant sugarcane had the age of emergence of tillers, the highest number of tillers and was able to adapt very well at an altitude of ± 512 meters above sea level. The M1 mutant sugarcane has the highest plant height, the highest number of segments and is able to adapt very well at an altitude of ±62 meters above sea level. The M2 mutant sugarcane has the highest internode length and is able to adapt very well at an altitude of ±62 meters above sea level. Sugarcane M3 has the stem diameter, the highest internode length and is able to adapt very well to an altitude of ± 512 m asl.Key words: sugarcane; production; mutation; different varieties
{"title":"Pertumbuhan Tanaman Tebu Hasil Mutasi Pada Ketinggian Lokasi Berbeda","authors":"Abdul Jalil, Sri Hartatik, Sholeh Avivi","doi":"10.31957/jbp.2295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.2295","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of superior sugarcane varieties is one of the causes of the low national sugarcane production. The results of mutations from Bululawang sugarcane (BL) variety obtained three genotypes that have the potential to have high yields. Sugarcane plants can be cultivated in all locations because sugarcane can be grown in tropical and subtropical areas with the main problem of water availability being either shortage (drought) or excess (poor drainage). Increases and differences in sugarcane yields can be caused by fertilization, good water distribution throughout the sugarcane growth cycle, crop management, climate and different varieties. if the plant does not experience a lack of water, its production can reach 123 ton/ha/year, but if the plant is under moderate stress (4-5 weeks without rain) then the production will drop to 108 Ton/ha/year. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a study to determine the potential of each mutant sugarcane at different locations. This research uses direct observation method to each location. Then the data obtained was analyzed descriptively analytically to provide an overview of the object under study through the data that has been collected as it is without analyzing and making conclusions that apply to the public. The results of the research that the M1 mutant sugarcane had the age of emergence of tillers, the highest number of tillers and was able to adapt very well at an altitude of ± 512 meters above sea level. The M1 mutant sugarcane has the highest plant height, the highest number of segments and is able to adapt very well at an altitude of ±62 meters above sea level. The M2 mutant sugarcane has the highest internode length and is able to adapt very well at an altitude of ±62 meters above sea level. Sugarcane M3 has the stem diameter, the highest internode length and is able to adapt very well to an altitude of ± 512 m asl.Key words: sugarcane; production; mutation; different varieties","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122715517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Holthuisana is a freshwater crab member of the family Gecarcinucidae which has a distribution in eastern Indonesia to Australia. This study was aimed to determine the variations in the shape of carapace and chelae within genus Holthuisana collected from Sentani Lake, Papua using analysis of geometric morphometric. The morphological characters confirmed the specimen examined belong to genus Holthuisana. The results showed that male crabs had slightly larger carapace length and width than females. The length and width of the large chelae in male crabs are greater than that of females. The ratio of carapace length and width to male is 6:5, and female is 5:4. The ratio of the length and width of the chelae (propodus) in male crabs is 9:5, and in females 2:1. Based on the 16 landmarks of carapace, there are no significant different between male and female crabs. Thus, based on 12 landmarks of chelae, the large right cheliped shows different variations between males and females. The large right cheliped of the males shows more convex on polex and propodus compare to the females. The large left cheliped shows variations that are not much different.Key words: freshwater crab; geometric morphometrics; morphological characters; New Guinea
{"title":"Morfologi dan Geometri Morfometri Holthuisana sp. (Crustacea, Decapoda, Gecarcinucidae) dari Danau Sentani, Papua","authors":"Rury Eprilurahman, Burhan Amirudien, Trijoko Trijoko","doi":"10.31957/jbp.1722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1722","url":null,"abstract":"Holthuisana is a freshwater crab member of the family Gecarcinucidae which has a distribution in eastern Indonesia to Australia. This study was aimed to determine the variations in the shape of carapace and chelae within genus Holthuisana collected from Sentani Lake, Papua using analysis of geometric morphometric. The morphological characters confirmed the specimen examined belong to genus Holthuisana. The results showed that male crabs had slightly larger carapace length and width than females. The length and width of the large chelae in male crabs are greater than that of females. The ratio of carapace length and width to male is 6:5, and female is 5:4. The ratio of the length and width of the chelae (propodus) in male crabs is 9:5, and in females 2:1. Based on the 16 landmarks of carapace, there are no significant different between male and female crabs. Thus, based on 12 landmarks of chelae, the large right cheliped shows different variations between males and females. The large right cheliped of the males shows more convex on polex and propodus compare to the females. The large left cheliped shows variations that are not much different.Key words: freshwater crab; geometric morphometrics; morphological characters; New Guinea","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129229166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suriani Br Surbakti, Leonardo A. Numberi, Roma M. Manalu
Community structure of bivalvia and gastropods nearby water vegetation in Sentani Lake, Papua. Line’s transect and plot methods were used to determining the structure of mollusks and vegetation by using index, diversity, and dominance as parameters. Intentional measurement were carried out on several biological parameters of the waters at 10 sampling points. From the observation and measurments, we obtained seven types of mollusk with 5644 individuals, where six types are belong to gastropods and one type is a member of bivalves. The highest level of mollusk diversity was in Kwadeware, the highest at the inlet of the lake, and were dominated by Melanoides tuberculata and Pomacea canaliculata. In addition, vegetation found in the area observation were water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica), apu wood (Pistia stratiotes), genjer (Limnocharis flava), Hydrilla verticillata, seagrass (Potomogeton malainus), Nymphaea alba, Ceratophyllum demersum, and Nymphoides indica.Key words: gastropods; molluscs; vegetation; Sentani lake
{"title":"Struktur Komunitas Moluska: Gastropoda dan Bivalvia di Vegetasi Perairan Danau Sentani Papua","authors":"Suriani Br Surbakti, Leonardo A. Numberi, Roma M. Manalu","doi":"10.31957/jbp.1346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1346","url":null,"abstract":"Community structure of bivalvia and gastropods nearby water vegetation in Sentani Lake, Papua. Line’s transect and plot methods were used to determining the structure of mollusks and vegetation by using index, diversity, and dominance as parameters. Intentional measurement were carried out on several biological parameters of the waters at 10 sampling points. From the observation and measurments, we obtained seven types of mollusk with 5644 individuals, where six types are belong to gastropods and one type is a member of bivalves. The highest level of mollusk diversity was in Kwadeware, the highest at the inlet of the lake, and were dominated by Melanoides tuberculata and Pomacea canaliculata. In addition, vegetation found in the area observation were water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica), apu wood (Pistia stratiotes), genjer (Limnocharis flava), Hydrilla verticillata, seagrass (Potomogeton malainus), Nymphaea alba, Ceratophyllum demersum, and Nymphoides indica.Key words: gastropods; molluscs; vegetation; Sentani lake","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121706256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wahyu Irawati, Vania A.C. Timotius, Ruben P. Adhiwijaya, E. B. Marvella
The development of the textile industry in Indonesia is increasing the amount of dye waste produced. Copper is often a component of dyes, both of which harm aquatic ecosystems because they cannot be degraded. These problems can be overcome by bioremediation using bacteria isolated from polluted waters, called indigenous bacteria. It is hoped that indigenous bacteria can degrade textile waste and reduce copper toxicity in waters. This study aims to characterize, test resistance, and test the decolorization of the Indonesian indigenous bacterial isolate CN5 to dye and copper. There are 12 kinds of dyes used, namely: methylene blue, malachite green, congo red, mordant orange, reactive black, direct yellow, basic fuchsin, reactive orange, disperse orange, remasol red, wantex yellow, and wantex red. Resistance and decolorization tests on solid medium were carried out by growing bacterial cultures into luria bertani agar medium, each of which added a different type of dye. The dye concentrations tested were 100 ppm and 500 ppm. The ability to decolorize is known from the presence of a clear zone around the bacterial colony. The percentage of decolorization was tested using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 300-900 nanometers. Bacterial identification was carried out by 16S-rRNA sequencing. The results showed that CN5 isolates had a base similarity of 100% with Escherichia coli, so hereinafter referred to as E. coli strain CN5 could grow at 200 ppm and 500 ppm methylene blue, malachite green, congo red, mordant orange, reactive black, direct yellow, reactive orange, disperse orange, red remasol, yellow wantex, and red wantex but did not grow on fuchsin basic dye. Colonies of E. coli strain CN5 were only able to decolorize methylene blue with a concentration of 200 ppm and 500 ppm seen from the clear zone formed around the colony. The decolorization of methylene blue that occurred was 92.47%. The addition of copper reduced the decolorization ability to 75.59%. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the E. coli strain CN5 has the potential to be used as a bioremediation agent for textile waste containing copper and methylene blue.Key words: dye; E. coli; copper; decolorization; resistant
{"title":"Karakterisasi Resistensi dan Dekolorisasi Berbagai Pewarna Oleh Bakteri Indigen Indonesia Escherichia coli Strain CN5","authors":"Wahyu Irawati, Vania A.C. Timotius, Ruben P. Adhiwijaya, E. B. Marvella","doi":"10.31957/jbp.2202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.2202","url":null,"abstract":"The development of the textile industry in Indonesia is increasing the amount of dye waste produced. Copper is often a component of dyes, both of which harm aquatic ecosystems because they cannot be degraded. These problems can be overcome by bioremediation using bacteria isolated from polluted waters, called indigenous bacteria. It is hoped that indigenous bacteria can degrade textile waste and reduce copper toxicity in waters. This study aims to characterize, test resistance, and test the decolorization of the Indonesian indigenous bacterial isolate CN5 to dye and copper. There are 12 kinds of dyes used, namely: methylene blue, malachite green, congo red, mordant orange, reactive black, direct yellow, basic fuchsin, reactive orange, disperse orange, remasol red, wantex yellow, and wantex red. Resistance and decolorization tests on solid medium were carried out by growing bacterial cultures into luria bertani agar medium, each of which added a different type of dye. The dye concentrations tested were 100 ppm and 500 ppm. The ability to decolorize is known from the presence of a clear zone around the bacterial colony. The percentage of decolorization was tested using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 300-900 nanometers. Bacterial identification was carried out by 16S-rRNA sequencing. The results showed that CN5 isolates had a base similarity of 100% with Escherichia coli, so hereinafter referred to as E. coli strain CN5 could grow at 200 ppm and 500 ppm methylene blue, malachite green, congo red, mordant orange, reactive black, direct yellow, reactive orange, disperse orange, red remasol, yellow wantex, and red wantex but did not grow on fuchsin basic dye. Colonies of E. coli strain CN5 were only able to decolorize methylene blue with a concentration of 200 ppm and 500 ppm seen from the clear zone formed around the colony. The decolorization of methylene blue that occurred was 92.47%. The addition of copper reduced the decolorization ability to 75.59%. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the E. coli strain CN5 has the potential to be used as a bioremediation agent for textile waste containing copper and methylene blue.Key words: dye; E. coli; copper; decolorization; resistant","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129515397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ega F.S. Bina, B. Irawan, Wawan A. Setiawan, C. N. Ekowati
The growth of a plant is influenced by the availability of nutrients. To meet these nutritional needs, chemical fertilizers are still widely used. In addition to nutritional needs, the growth of a plant is also influenced by pathogenic microorganisms that cause disease. The emergence of diseases in plants causes chemical pesticides to be increasingly used. The continuous use of chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides can make living organisms susceptible to high toxicity of chemical compounds. In addition, the impact has an impact on improper management of agricultural waste as well as polluting the environment when it has been burned or discharged into water bodies. One alternative to overcome these problems is the application of biological control using Trichoderma spp. Trichoderma spp inoculum application can significantly regulate the rate of plant growth and suppress the growth of plant pathogenic microorganisms. Trichoderma spp. including plant growth promoting microbes that have the ability to colonize plant roots so as to provide benefits to their host, modulate phytohormonal production, increase soil nutrient availability, stimulate plant growth and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and resistance to pathogens. Inoculum of Trichoderma spp. can be applied to plants through seeds, leaves, roots of seedlings, and soil. Based on literature review, it is known that the application of Trichoderma spp. inoculum showed a significant effect on plant growth and suppress the growth of pathogenic microorganisms.Key words: Trichoderma spp.; inoculum; fungi; biofertilizer; biofungicide.
{"title":"Artikel Review: Aplikasi Inokulum Fungi Trichoderma spp. Untuk Pertumbuhan dan Penekan Fitopatogen","authors":"Ega F.S. Bina, B. Irawan, Wawan A. Setiawan, C. N. Ekowati","doi":"10.31957/jbp.2377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.2377","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of a plant is influenced by the availability of nutrients. To meet these nutritional needs, chemical fertilizers are still widely used. In addition to nutritional needs, the growth of a plant is also influenced by pathogenic microorganisms that cause disease. The emergence of diseases in plants causes chemical pesticides to be increasingly used. The continuous use of chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides can make living organisms susceptible to high toxicity of chemical compounds. In addition, the impact has an impact on improper management of agricultural waste as well as polluting the environment when it has been burned or discharged into water bodies. One alternative to overcome these problems is the application of biological control using Trichoderma spp. Trichoderma spp inoculum application can significantly regulate the rate of plant growth and suppress the growth of plant pathogenic microorganisms. Trichoderma spp. including plant growth promoting microbes that have the ability to colonize plant roots so as to provide benefits to their host, modulate phytohormonal production, increase soil nutrient availability, stimulate plant growth and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and resistance to pathogens. Inoculum of Trichoderma spp. can be applied to plants through seeds, leaves, roots of seedlings, and soil. Based on literature review, it is known that the application of Trichoderma spp. inoculum showed a significant effect on plant growth and suppress the growth of pathogenic microorganisms.Key words: Trichoderma spp.; inoculum; fungi; biofertilizer; biofungicide.","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115218902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elsye Gunawan, Aris A.L. Toruan, Rusnaeni Rusnaeni, F. E. Appa
The stem of the snakewood plant (Strychnos lucida) has been used empirically as a malaria drug, relieves fever, treats stomach pain, hemorrhoids, rheumatism, stroke symptoms, and improves blood circulation. Tannins as one of the secondary metabolites of snakewood stems contain gallic acid compounds which are known to thin the blood. The purpose of this study was to determine the anticoagulant activity of the ethanolic extract of snakewood stems on blood group samples, namely A, B, AB, and O. The method used for extraction was maceration, for testing anticoagulants used method modified Lee-White and blood smears, as well as for data analysis carried out descriptively. The results obtained by the Lee-White modification method on blood group samples were visually not clotting. For anticoagulant activity by blood smear method, it was shown that microscopically snakewood bark extract prevented the presence of blood clots which could be observed with unrelated blood cells, intact and separated from each other.Key words: S. lucida; Lee-White modification; blood smear; anticoagulants
{"title":"Aktivitas Antikoagulan dari Tumbuhan Kayu Ular (Strychnos lucida R.Br.)","authors":"Elsye Gunawan, Aris A.L. Toruan, Rusnaeni Rusnaeni, F. E. Appa","doi":"10.31957/jbp.1494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1494","url":null,"abstract":"The stem of the snakewood plant (Strychnos lucida) has been used empirically as a malaria drug, relieves fever, treats stomach pain, hemorrhoids, rheumatism, stroke symptoms, and improves blood circulation. Tannins as one of the secondary metabolites of snakewood stems contain gallic acid compounds which are known to thin the blood. The purpose of this study was to determine the anticoagulant activity of the ethanolic extract of snakewood stems on blood group samples, namely A, B, AB, and O. The method used for extraction was maceration, for testing anticoagulants used method modified Lee-White and blood smears, as well as for data analysis carried out descriptively. The results obtained by the Lee-White modification method on blood group samples were visually not clotting. For anticoagulant activity by blood smear method, it was shown that microscopically snakewood bark extract prevented the presence of blood clots which could be observed with unrelated blood cells, intact and separated from each other.Key words: S. lucida; Lee-White modification; blood smear; anticoagulants","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117095888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gergonius Fallo, Lukas Pardosi, Anjelina M. Da Cruz
Indonesia has a wealth of various types of plants that are useful as traditional medicinal plants. One of the medicinal plants that are often used by Indonesian people, especially on the island of Timor, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province, is betel plant (Piper betle L.). Isolation of endophytic bacteria using the scratch method and the scatter method. The results of the isolation obtained 9 isolates. The results of the characterization of 9 isolates had round colonies, small, medium, large, flat elevation, and clear white color. The results of the bacterial test showed that 3 isolates had the potential as antibacterial, namely: SDE01, SAE03 and SBE04 isolates. Of the three isolates, SBE04 isolates had inhibition zone diameters of 1.7 and 1.35 mm against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Key words: antibacterial; endophytic bacteria; characterization; P. betle.
{"title":"Karakterisasi Bakteri Endofit Tanaman Sirih Timor (Piper betle L.) Penghasil Antibakteri","authors":"Gergonius Fallo, Lukas Pardosi, Anjelina M. Da Cruz","doi":"10.31957/jbp.2366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.2366","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia has a wealth of various types of plants that are useful as traditional medicinal plants. One of the medicinal plants that are often used by Indonesian people, especially on the island of Timor, East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province, is betel plant (Piper betle L.). Isolation of endophytic bacteria using the scratch method and the scatter method. The results of the isolation obtained 9 isolates. The results of the characterization of 9 isolates had round colonies, small, medium, large, flat elevation, and clear white color. The results of the bacterial test showed that 3 isolates had the potential as antibacterial, namely: SDE01, SAE03 and SBE04 isolates. Of the three isolates, SBE04 isolates had inhibition zone diameters of 1.7 and 1.35 mm against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Key words: antibacterial; endophytic bacteria; characterization; P. betle.","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128531643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Noken is a typical Papuan bag or container made from plant organs such as bark, roots, etc. The purpose of this study was to determine the plant species used as raw materials for noken making in District of Abenaho, Yalimo Regency, Papua. The research conducted during the period of January–April 2021. The methods used were field surveys and interview. Observations were made in Hulhule Village, Abenaho District, and involving 60 respondents. The results showed that there were 8 types of plant species used as raw materials for making noken. Those were Boehmeria nivea, B. platylla, B. penduliflora, Boehmeria sp., and Pipturus dentatus, while three (3) other types used as natural dyes were: Merei (Bixa orellana), Turmeric (Curcuma domestica) and Senggani (Melastoma polyanthum). Noken processing in Hulhule Village is done by weaving/knitting and spun manually by hand. The spinning process is carried out after the coloring process.Key words: plant; fiber; noken; Yalimo
Noken是一种典型的巴布亚袋或容器，由树皮、根等植物器官制成。本研究的目的是确定在巴布亚Yalimo Regency的Abenaho地区作为noken制造原料的植物种类。该研究在2021年1月至4月期间进行。研究方法为实地调查和访谈。在Abenaho区的Hulhule村进行了观察，涉及60名回答者。结果表明，可作为制毒原料的植物种类有8种。这些天然染料分别是牛毛Boehmeria nivea, B. platylla, B. penduliflora, B. Boehmeria sp.和Pipturus dentatus，其他3种类型的天然染料分别是Merei (Bixa orellana)，姜黄(Curcuma domestica)和sengani (Melastoma polyanthum)。呼呼乐村的诺肯加工是通过编织和手工纺纱完成的。纺纱工序在上色工序后进行。关键词:植物;纤维;noken;Yalimo
{"title":"Etnobiologi Tumbuhan Sebagai Bahan Baku Tas Noken Oleh Suku Yali di Distrik Abenaho Kabupaten Yalimo, Papua","authors":"Yemeus Helakombo, Rosye H.R. Tanjung, Suharno Suharno","doi":"10.31957/jbp.2291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.2291","url":null,"abstract":"Noken is a typical Papuan bag or container made from plant organs such as bark, roots, etc. The purpose of this study was to determine the plant species used as raw materials for noken making in District of Abenaho, Yalimo Regency, Papua. The research conducted during the period of January–April 2021. The methods used were field surveys and interview. Observations were made in Hulhule Village, Abenaho District, and involving 60 respondents. The results showed that there were 8 types of plant species used as raw materials for making noken. Those were Boehmeria nivea, B. platylla, B. penduliflora, Boehmeria sp., and Pipturus dentatus, while three (3) other types used as natural dyes were: Merei (Bixa orellana), Turmeric (Curcuma domestica) and Senggani (Melastoma polyanthum). Noken processing in Hulhule Village is done by weaving/knitting and spun manually by hand. The spinning process is carried out after the coloring process.Key words: plant; fiber; noken; Yalimo","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116856507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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