Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is a traditional medicinal plant with great potential for treating diabetes due to its ability to lower blood sugar level. The bitter taste of this plant is attributed to its high nutrient and antioxidants content. Meanwhile, one of the ways to reduce the bitterness and improve its taste is through a spontaneous fermentation process with the right salt concentration. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of different salt concentrations on the total lactic acid content of spontaneous bitter melon fermentation. This study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments used included salt of different concentrations, namely: 3, 6, 9, and 12%. The bitter melon was fermented for 7 days and the parameter measured was the total lactic acid content through titration process. Furthermore, data were analyzed by ANOVA with 5% significance and the Duncan test was also carried out. The results showed different salt concentrations had a significant effect on lactic acid contents (P <0.05), with the highest being 0.4413% produced by 3% salt concentration treatment. These results are expected to contribute to the development of bitter melon utilization, as well as provide solutions, therefore, it becomes more effective and efficient food processing. Key words: bitter melon; fermentation; lactic acid; salt; spontaneous.
{"title":"Analisis Total Kadar Asam Laktat Hasil Fermentasi Pare (Momordica charantia) Secara Spontan dengan Konsentrasi Garam Berbeda","authors":"Putri S. Noor, W. Wijanarka","doi":"10.31957/jbp.1642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1642","url":null,"abstract":"Bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is a traditional medicinal plant with great potential for treating diabetes due to its ability to lower blood sugar level. The bitter taste of this plant is attributed to its high nutrient and antioxidants content. Meanwhile, one of the ways to reduce the bitterness and improve its taste is through a spontaneous fermentation process with the right salt concentration. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of different salt concentrations on the total lactic acid content of spontaneous bitter melon fermentation. This study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments used included salt of different concentrations, namely: 3, 6, 9, and 12%. The bitter melon was fermented for 7 days and the parameter measured was the total lactic acid content through titration process. Furthermore, data were analyzed by ANOVA with 5% significance and the Duncan test was also carried out. The results showed different salt concentrations had a significant effect on lactic acid contents (P <0.05), with the highest being 0.4413% produced by 3% salt concentration treatment. These results are expected to contribute to the development of bitter melon utilization, as well as provide solutions, therefore, it becomes more effective and efficient food processing. Key words: bitter melon; fermentation; lactic acid; salt; spontaneous.","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127397325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urinary incotinensia is a disease that causes sufferers to experience urine without realizing it or is often referred to as bed-wetting. Urinary incotinence causes sufferers to experience difficulty or sleep disturbances, depression, isolation, lack of confidence, irritability, limiting social activities, and spending a lot of money on medication so that they really need a treatment solution. Urinary incontinence results from weakening of the smooth muscle in the bladder organs. One of the treatments that can be done to overcome urinary incontinence is using physiotherapy, namely by doing Kegel exercises. The purpose of this paper is to determine the role of physiotherapy interventions using Kegel exercises to overcome the failure of smooth muscle cells in urinary incontinence bladder disorders. This literature review will discuss four focus studies, namely: 1) the structure and function of the renal organ system, 2) the structure and working mechanism of smooth muscle cells, 3) cellular studies of urinary incontinence, and 4) treatment of urinary incontinence using physiotherapy interventions. Physiotherapy with Kegel exercises has the benefit of strengthening the work of the bladder sphincter and pelvic floor muscles. The mechanism is by increasing smooth muscle cell metabolism. The metabolic rate of the muscles will increase the strength of the smooth muscle and the nervous system to contract, so that the smooth muscle will get stronger. However, Kegel exercises do not completely cure urinary incontinence and only relieve the symptoms it causes.Key words: Physiotherapy; Urinary incontinence; Smooth muscles; Cells; Kegel exercises.
{"title":"Peranan Intervensi Fisioterapi Metode Senam Kegel Untuk Mengatasi Kegagalan Kerja Sel Otot Polos Pada Kelainan Kandung Kemih Inkontinensia Urin","authors":"Argorby Simanullang, Naomi Dwany, Ruth Y. Purba, Melany Djami, Wahyu Irawati","doi":"10.31957/jbp.1501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1501","url":null,"abstract":"Urinary incotinensia is a disease that causes sufferers to experience urine without realizing it or is often referred to as bed-wetting. Urinary incotinence causes sufferers to experience difficulty or sleep disturbances, depression, isolation, lack of confidence, irritability, limiting social activities, and spending a lot of money on medication so that they really need a treatment solution. Urinary incontinence results from weakening of the smooth muscle in the bladder organs. One of the treatments that can be done to overcome urinary incontinence is using physiotherapy, namely by doing Kegel exercises. The purpose of this paper is to determine the role of physiotherapy interventions using Kegel exercises to overcome the failure of smooth muscle cells in urinary incontinence bladder disorders. This literature review will discuss four focus studies, namely: 1) the structure and function of the renal organ system, 2) the structure and working mechanism of smooth muscle cells, 3) cellular studies of urinary incontinence, and 4) treatment of urinary incontinence using physiotherapy interventions. Physiotherapy with Kegel exercises has the benefit of strengthening the work of the bladder sphincter and pelvic floor muscles. The mechanism is by increasing smooth muscle cell metabolism. The metabolic rate of the muscles will increase the strength of the smooth muscle and the nervous system to contract, so that the smooth muscle will get stronger. However, Kegel exercises do not completely cure urinary incontinence and only relieve the symptoms it causes.Key words: Physiotherapy; Urinary incontinence; Smooth muscles; Cells; Kegel exercises.","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116312974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The increase of of cloves and sed nutmeg productions effects in its waste into the environment. However, the cloves and nutmeg shell could be use as mosquito repellent. The combination of essential oil extracted from cloves and nutmeg shell functions well as repellent for mosquitos. This research aims to identified the characteristics of essential oil extracted from these two spices by analysing its water, carbon aand ash concentrate. Therefore, we found that water level in U1 was 1.4573, and U2 was 1.6070, hence ash rate for U1 was 7,8674, U2 was 7,49224 and for carbon it was U1 24,4496 U2 23,5778. At the end we could say that for and ash it has already meet the SNI standard, while carbon hasn’t meet SNI standard yet. Key words: Herbal mosquito repellent; waste; nutmeg shell waste.
丁香和肉豆蔻产品的增加对其废物进入环境有影响。然而，丁香和肉豆蔻壳可以用作驱蚊剂。从丁香中提取的精油和肉豆蔻壳的组合有驱蚊的作用。本研究旨在通过分析从这两种香料中提取的精油的水、碳和灰分浓缩物来确定其特征。因此，我们发现U1的水位为1.4573,U2为1.6070，因此U1的灰分率为7,8674,U2为7,49224，碳的灰分率为U1 24,4496, U2 23,5778。最后我们可以说，对于和灰，它已经达到了SNI标准，而碳还没有达到SNI标准。关键词:草药驱蚊剂;浪费;肉豆蔻壳废料。
{"title":"Karakterisasi Obat Nyamuk Bakar Herbal Dengan Bahan Baku Limbah Gagang Cengkeh dan Tempurung Biji Pala","authors":"Pebrywati Watimury, R. F. Latukau","doi":"10.31957/jbp.1324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1324","url":null,"abstract":"The increase of of cloves and sed nutmeg productions effects in its waste into the environment. However, the cloves and nutmeg shell could be use as mosquito repellent. The combination of essential oil extracted from cloves and nutmeg shell functions well as repellent for mosquitos. This research aims to identified the characteristics of essential oil extracted from these two spices by analysing its water, carbon aand ash concentrate. Therefore, we found that water level in U1 was 1.4573, and U2 was 1.6070, hence ash rate for U1 was 7,8674, U2 was 7,49224 and for carbon it was U1 24,4496 U2 23,5778. At the end we could say that for and ash it has already meet the SNI standard, while carbon hasn’t meet SNI standard yet. Key words: Herbal mosquito repellent; waste; nutmeg shell waste.","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114284413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Papua has a high diversity of butterflies, especially in mainland areas. Most of the data on the diversity and distribution of Papilionoidea, such as the example of Papilio ulysses in the mainland of Papua, are well known. Butterfly research in Papua is mostly aimed at species richness and abundance. Based on the results of specimen collection at the Papua Insect Collection Laboratory (KSP) Br Henk van Mastrigt FMIPA UNCEN, it can be seen that there are differences in morphological characters between P. ulysses in several areas in Papua, especially in the highlands and lowlands. The purpose of this study was to analyze the phenotypic plasticity pattern of P. ulysses stored in the KSP Laboratory. This research method is descriptive quantitative. The research sample consisted of 58 specimens with perfect wing shapes. The specimens were collected from Jayapura, Sarmi, Mamberamo, Timika, Pegunungan Bintang, Waropen and Biak-Supiori. The samples were documented using a digital camera and observed for wing variations using the Adobe Photoshop CS5 and Image J free program. Based on the observations, it shows that there are significant differences in the shape and size of P. ulysses that are found on the mainland and on islands. The morphology of butterflies originating from large areas is bigger than those of butterflies on islands. This butterfly plasticity process is a form of morphological adaptation to the surrounding environment. Key words: plasticity; P. ulysses; butterfly; Papua.
{"title":"Analisis Plastisitas Fenotipe Kupu-Kupu Papilio ulysses Asal Papua","authors":"E. R. Ramandey, E. Warikar","doi":"10.31957/jbp.1340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1340","url":null,"abstract":"Papua has a high diversity of butterflies, especially in mainland areas. Most of the data on the diversity and distribution of Papilionoidea, such as the example of Papilio ulysses in the mainland of Papua, are well known. Butterfly research in Papua is mostly aimed at species richness and abundance. Based on the results of specimen collection at the Papua Insect Collection Laboratory (KSP) Br Henk van Mastrigt FMIPA UNCEN, it can be seen that there are differences in morphological characters between P. ulysses in several areas in Papua, especially in the highlands and lowlands. The purpose of this study was to analyze the phenotypic plasticity pattern of P. ulysses stored in the KSP Laboratory. This research method is descriptive quantitative. The research sample consisted of 58 specimens with perfect wing shapes. The specimens were collected from Jayapura, Sarmi, Mamberamo, Timika, Pegunungan Bintang, Waropen and Biak-Supiori. The samples were documented using a digital camera and observed for wing variations using the Adobe Photoshop CS5 and Image J free program. Based on the observations, it shows that there are significant differences in the shape and size of P. ulysses that are found on the mainland and on islands. The morphology of butterflies originating from large areas is bigger than those of butterflies on islands. This butterfly plasticity process is a form of morphological adaptation to the surrounding environment. Key words: plasticity; P. ulysses; butterfly; Papua.","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125227864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The high potential of medicinal plants in Sipituhuta Village can make it easier for people to use these plants for daily needs especially for traditional medicine. This study aims to determine the type of plants that have medicinal properties according to the Toba Batak ethnic in Sipituhuta Village. Methodology used for this study was observation and sample collectioned. Sample was collected based on the interview to local community. The data collected were analyzed descriptively. The results revealed that 40 species from 21 families of plants that contain medicinal properties. The most widely use parts were leaves (20 species or 49%), rhizomes (5 species or 12%); tubers, fruits, stems (3 species or 7% respectively); sap and seeds (1 species or 2%). Key words: medicinal plants; traditional medicine; Toba Batak.
{"title":"Kajian Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat Etnis Batak Toba di Desa Sipituhuta Kecamatan Pollung, Kabupaten Humbang Hasudutan, Sumatera Utara","authors":"Jamilah Nasution, R. Riyanto, M. L. Gaol","doi":"10.31957/jbp.1646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1646","url":null,"abstract":"The high potential of medicinal plants in Sipituhuta Village can make it easier for people to use these plants for daily needs especially for traditional medicine. This study aims to determine the type of plants that have medicinal properties according to the Toba Batak ethnic in Sipituhuta Village. Methodology used for this study was observation and sample collectioned. Sample was collected based on the interview to local community. The data collected were analyzed descriptively. The results revealed that 40 species from 21 families of plants that contain medicinal properties. The most widely use parts were leaves (20 species or 49%), rhizomes (5 species or 12%); tubers, fruits, stems (3 species or 7% respectively); sap and seeds (1 species or 2%). Key words: medicinal plants; traditional medicine; Toba Batak. ","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115580878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research aims to explain the kinship or phylogeny of grouper fish of the Serranidae family based on Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI). Analysis based on previous research obtained type of grouper fish inhabiting Indonesian waters. A total of 39 grouper fish were collected from local fishermen. January-April 2014. Lombok (n=12 samples) in January, Karimunjawa (n=11) in May, Lampung (n=4) in February, Kendari (n=3) in January, Madura (n=3) in April, Tanakeke (n=3) in February, and Numfor (n=3) in May. From the results of the analysis using MEGA X software obtained the level of kinship between species tested very closely, among others species Epinephelus areolatus, E. merra, E. fasciatus, E. longispines, E. coioides, E. ongus, and E. coeruleopunctatus. The genetic average distance of all species is 0.02. In general, the association of species found is that several species are found in the same location with almost the same morphology and food. Key words: phylogenetic analysis; Serranidae family; grouper fish; COI markers.
{"title":"Analisis Filogenetik Familia Ikan Kerapu Serranidae Berdasarkan Penandaan Chytocrome Oxydase I (COI) dari Pasar Ikan Lokal di Indonesia","authors":"Winda A. Fietri, Abd. Rajak, Ramadhan Sumarmin","doi":"10.31957/jbp.1471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1471","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to explain the kinship or phylogeny of grouper fish of the Serranidae family based on Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI). Analysis based on previous research obtained type of grouper fish inhabiting Indonesian waters. A total of 39 grouper fish were collected from local fishermen. January-April 2014. Lombok (n=12 samples) in January, Karimunjawa (n=11) in May, Lampung (n=4) in February, Kendari (n=3) in January, Madura (n=3) in April, Tanakeke (n=3) in February, and Numfor (n=3) in May. From the results of the analysis using MEGA X software obtained the level of kinship between species tested very closely, among others species Epinephelus areolatus, E. merra, E. fasciatus, E. longispines, E. coioides, E. ongus, and E. coeruleopunctatus. The genetic average distance of all species is 0.02. In general, the association of species found is that several species are found in the same location with almost the same morphology and food. Key words: phylogenetic analysis; Serranidae family; grouper fish; COI markers.","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125939451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Supeni Sufaati, V. Agustini, A. Maryuni, E. Simaremare
Orchid found as one of medicinal plant in some areas, especially Dendrobium. Some species were investigated its bioactive compound, and antibacterial activity, but the information about antibacterial activity of Papuan Dendrobium species is still limited. The aims of this research were to determine the phytochemical constituents and the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract and fraction of Dendrobium species from Papua against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. There were three species of Dendrobium namely: D. spectabile, D. violaceoflavens, and D. antennatum used in this study. Dried simplisia was macerated using ethanol, then tested for the phytochemical content. Total ethanolic extract was fractionated with three different solvents, ethanol, ethyl acetate and hexane. Disc diffusion assay was used to examine the antibacterial activities of the total extract and the fractions. Total extract were positive for flavonoid, alkaloid and tanin, except D. spectabile stem extract only alkaloid and tannin. No saponin was found in the plants. The ethyl acetate fraction of leaves of D. spectabile showed the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus with diameter of inhibition zone 20.54 + 1.47 mm (strong category). Other plant extract and fraction tested had moderate antibacterial activities against both E.coli and S aureus with diameter zone 6-9 mm. The present work indicates that the ethyl acetate fraction of D. spectabile leaves is potential to be developed in antibacterial drug design research. Key words: antibacterial activity; Papua; Dendrobium; E. coli; S. aureus.
{"title":"Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Dendrobium from Papua Against Eschericia coli and Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Supeni Sufaati, V. Agustini, A. Maryuni, E. Simaremare","doi":"10.31957/jbp.1645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1645","url":null,"abstract":"Orchid found as one of medicinal plant in some areas, especially Dendrobium. Some species were investigated its bioactive compound, and antibacterial activity, but the information about antibacterial activity of Papuan Dendrobium species is still limited. The aims of this research were to determine the phytochemical constituents and the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract and fraction of Dendrobium species from Papua against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. There were three species of Dendrobium namely: D. spectabile, D. violaceoflavens, and D. antennatum used in this study. Dried simplisia was macerated using ethanol, then tested for the phytochemical content. Total ethanolic extract was fractionated with three different solvents, ethanol, ethyl acetate and hexane. Disc diffusion assay was used to examine the antibacterial activities of the total extract and the fractions. Total extract were positive for flavonoid, alkaloid and tanin, except D. spectabile stem extract only alkaloid and tannin. No saponin was found in the plants. The ethyl acetate fraction of leaves of D. spectabile showed the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus with diameter of inhibition zone 20.54 + 1.47 mm (strong category). Other plant extract and fraction tested had moderate antibacterial activities against both E.coli and S aureus with diameter zone 6-9 mm. The present work indicates that the ethyl acetate fraction of D. spectabile leaves is potential to be developed in antibacterial drug design research. Key words: antibacterial activity; Papua; Dendrobium; E. coli; S. aureus. ","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126445068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sammaria J. Karma, Rosye H.R. Tanjung, Hendra K. Maury
Irier Protection Forest in Sewan Village has an area of 750 ha which is included in the Sarmi Lintas Mamberamo Raya KPHP area. This study aims to determine carbon stock value of the forest vegetation. The method to determine the location of the study using purposive sampling with line transect method to determine the density of vegetation. Furthermore, the method of calculation of the carbon stocks stored calculated using allometric equations. The results showed that the Irier Village Protected Forest Area has 21 trees belonging to 14 families with a total of 343 trees/ha. The value of biomass is 170.61 tons/ha and value of carbon stocks stored in timber stands is 80.18 tons/ha. Key words: Carbon stocks; Irier village protected forest; Sewan; vegetation
Sewan村的河流保护林面积为750公顷，包括在Sarmi Lintas Mamberamo Raya KPHP地区。本研究旨在确定森林植被的碳储量值。确定研究地点的方法采用有目的采样法，采用样线法确定植被密度。此外，利用异速生长方程计算了碳储量的计算方法。结果表明:河流村森林保护区共有树木21棵，隶属于14科，共343棵/公顷。林分生物量价值为170.61 t /ha，林分碳储量价值为80.18 t /ha。关键词:碳储量;河村防护林;Sewan;植被
{"title":"Pendugaan Cadangan Karbon Pada Tegakan Pohon di Kawasan Hutan Lindung Irier (HLI) Kampung Sewan, Distrik Sarmi Timur Kabupaten Sarmi, Papua","authors":"Sammaria J. Karma, Rosye H.R. Tanjung, Hendra K. Maury","doi":"10.31957/jbp.1739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1739","url":null,"abstract":"Irier Protection Forest in Sewan Village has an area of 750 ha which is included in the Sarmi Lintas Mamberamo Raya KPHP area. This study aims to determine carbon stock value of the forest vegetation. The method to determine the location of the study using purposive sampling with line transect method to determine the density of vegetation. Furthermore, the method of calculation of the carbon stocks stored calculated using allometric equations. The results showed that the Irier Village Protected Forest Area has 21 trees belonging to 14 families with a total of 343 trees/ha. The value of biomass is 170.61 tons/ha and value of carbon stocks stored in timber stands is 80.18 tons/ha. Key words: Carbon stocks; Irier village protected forest; Sewan; vegetation","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132008997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to determine the relationship of metabolite compounds in meliaceae plants to the preference of Hypsipyla sp. This research was conducted at the Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi State University, Manado BALITKA Laboratory, Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Gorontalo and sending samples to the Pharmacy Laboratory of Sendai Japan to see the NMR structure. This study was designed in a Latin square design with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The total number of plants in all treatments was 250 plants. The determination of secondary metabolites was carried out in five stages, namely: 1) sample collection and processing, 2) extraction, 3) purification, 4) phytochemical test, 5) identification of compounds using UV-Vis and IR spectrophotometers. The sample materials used were dry samples of langsat, duku, mindi, and mahogany leaves consisting of large mahogany and small mahogany. The results of phytochemical screening on samples of lansium, duku, chinaberry, large mahogany and small mahogany in the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water fractions showed positive results for flavonoids and steroids, while for alkaloids, terpenoids and saponins showed negative results. The results of the analysis showed that small mahogany plants contained high starch content of 43.72 g/mL, high fat content of small mahogany plants of 24.15% and high protein content of Langsat plants of 9.01 g/mL. The level of preference Hypsipyla sp prefers small mahogany plants compared to other plants. The number of mahogany stomata compared to other plants regulates the rate of evaporation in which will also release secondary metabolic compounds as attractants to attract insects to plants. The main flavonoid groups in mahogany are Quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside. Key words: phytochemicals; plant metabolites; quercetin; mahogany; Hypsipyla sp.
本研究旨在确定meliaceae植物中代谢物化合物与Hypsipyla sp偏好的关系。本研究在Sam Ratulangi州立大学数学与自然科学学院化学实验室，Manado BALITKA实验室，Gorontalo州立大学数学与自然科学学院化学实验室进行，并将样品送到日本仙台药物实验室查看核磁共振结构。本研究采用拉丁方设计，5个处理，5个重复。各处理植株总数均为250株。二级代谢物的测定分5个阶段进行，即:1)样品采集和处理，2)提取，3)纯化，4)植物化学试验，5)紫外-可见和红外分光光度计鉴定化合物。所使用的样品材料为干样，包括大红木和小红木，分别为langsat、duku、mindi和红木叶子。对lanum、duku、chinaberry、大红木和小红木样品的正己烷、乙酸乙酯和水馏分的植物化学筛选结果显示，黄酮类化合物和类固醇呈阳性，生物碱、萜类化合物和皂苷呈阴性。分析结果表明，小红木的淀粉含量高达43.72 g/mL，小红木的脂肪含量高达24.15%，Langsat的蛋白质含量高达9.01 g/mL。相较于其他植物，暗夜蛾对小型红木的偏好程度更高。与其他植物相比，红木气孔的数量调节了蒸发的速度，蒸发也会释放次生代谢化合物作为引诱剂，吸引昆虫到植物上。红木中主要的类黄酮基团为槲皮素3-O-β- d -半乳糖苷、槲皮素3-O-β- d -葡萄糖苷和槲皮素3-O-α- l -鼠李糖苷。关键词:植物化学物质;植物代谢产物;槲皮素;桃花心木;Hypsipyla sp。
{"title":"Hubungan Senyawa Metabolit Pada Tanaman Meliaceae Terhadap Tingkat Serangan Hypsipyla robusta","authors":"J. Sembiring","doi":"10.31957/jbp.1514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1514","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the relationship of metabolite compounds in meliaceae plants to the preference of Hypsipyla sp. This research was conducted at the Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi State University, Manado BALITKA Laboratory, Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Gorontalo and sending samples to the Pharmacy Laboratory of Sendai Japan to see the NMR structure. This study was designed in a Latin square design with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The total number of plants in all treatments was 250 plants. The determination of secondary metabolites was carried out in five stages, namely: 1) sample collection and processing, 2) extraction, 3) purification, 4) phytochemical test, 5) identification of compounds using UV-Vis and IR spectrophotometers. The sample materials used were dry samples of langsat, duku, mindi, and mahogany leaves consisting of large mahogany and small mahogany. The results of phytochemical screening on samples of lansium, duku, chinaberry, large mahogany and small mahogany in the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water fractions showed positive results for flavonoids and steroids, while for alkaloids, terpenoids and saponins showed negative results. The results of the analysis showed that small mahogany plants contained high starch content of 43.72 g/mL, high fat content of small mahogany plants of 24.15% and high protein content of Langsat plants of 9.01 g/mL. The level of preference Hypsipyla sp prefers small mahogany plants compared to other plants. The number of mahogany stomata compared to other plants regulates the rate of evaporation in which will also release secondary metabolic compounds as attractants to attract insects to plants. The main flavonoid groups in mahogany are Quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside. Key words: phytochemicals; plant metabolites; quercetin; mahogany; Hypsipyla sp.","PeriodicalId":338791,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131100594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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