Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.363.372
E. S. Khokhar, A. Shakeel, M. Maqbool, M. Anwar, Zoraiz Tanveer, M. Irfan
{"title":"Genetic Study of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Genotypes for Different Agronomic, Yield and Quality Traits","authors":"E. S. Khokhar, A. Shakeel, M. Maqbool, M. Anwar, Zoraiz Tanveer, M. Irfan","doi":"10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.363.372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.363.372","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":338801,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123084130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.338.345
M. Anas, A. Jabbar, M. Sarwar, R. Ullah, Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar, I. Ahmad, Sohail Latif
{"title":"Intercropping Sunflower with Mungbean for Improved Productivity and net Economic Return under Irrigated Conditions","authors":"M. Anas, A. Jabbar, M. Sarwar, R. Ullah, Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar, I. Ahmad, Sohail Latif","doi":"10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.338.345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.338.345","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":338801,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134182455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-01DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjar/2017/30.4.399.402
Tahir Kamal, Saeed-ul-Hassan Khan, Amir Zahoor, K. Naeem, M. Riaz, Siddra Tayyab Akhtar, G. Ali
{"title":"Standardization of Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (Rt-Lamp) Diagnostic Test for Rapid Detection of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus","authors":"Tahir Kamal, Saeed-ul-Hassan Khan, Amir Zahoor, K. Naeem, M. Riaz, Siddra Tayyab Akhtar, G. Ali","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjar/2017/30.4.399.402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjar/2017/30.4.399.402","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":338801,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115197378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjar/2017/30.4.310.315
M. Hussain, Safdar Ali, M. Tahir, G. A. Shah, I. Ahmad, M. Sarwar, Sohail Latif
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Soil Weed Seed Bank Determination in Pothwar Region by using Different Methodologies","authors":"M. Hussain, Safdar Ali, M. Tahir, G. A. Shah, I. Ahmad, M. Sarwar, Sohail Latif","doi":"10.17582/journal.pjar/2017/30.4.310.315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjar/2017/30.4.310.315","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":338801,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114663975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.323.328
M. Q. Nawaz
T is a great deficit in the current demand and supply of green fodder to feed rapidly expanding livestock industry in Pakistan. This dearth can be partially bridged by utilization of marginal lands through strengthening research and development activities in salt affected soils. Salinity drastically reduced the yield of nearly every conventional crop; so introducing non-conventional salt tolerant fodder crops might be a suitable option in salt affected soil. Cultivation of oats in winter season is worthwhile as it can provide green fodder for 60-70 days during lean periods when availability of fodder is scrimpy or negligible. Oat fodder is soft, palatable and rich in crude protein (10-12%). According to Younis and Azam (2003), oat mixed with Berseem provides a balanced feed to milch animals. Furthermore, efficient nutrients management of oat crop might be helpful to improve the potential for producing high quality fodder (Mohr et al., 2004). The present scenario urged the agronomists to develop a comprehensive site specific agro technology to boost up fodder yield of oat in salt affected soils by improving some basic components of the prevailing oat production technology in Pakistan. Among various agro management factors, optimum level of nitrogen and sowing methods are of great importance to recognize maximum potential of oat in saline-sodic field. Nitrogen application assumes greater importance regarding the yield and quality of fodder (Fageria and Moreira, 2011). It is one of the most yield limiting plant nutrients under most Abstract | Scarcity of the feed and fodder availability in winter season has been considered as the foremost bottleneck in harnessing the potential of the livestock sector in Pakistan. In this perspective a field study was conducted for three consecutive years (2013 to 2015) at Soil Salinity Research Institute, PindiBhattian, Hafizabad, Pakistan to evaluate different nitrogen levels and the cost-effective sowing technique for oat forage production under salt affected conditions. Two sowing methods i.e. broad cast and drill sowing with 30 cm apart rows and four nitrogen levels (75,100,125 and 150 % of N recommended dose i.e. 150kg ha-) were tested. Recommended dose of PK fertilizer (85-60 PK kg ha-1) was used uniformly with experimental N rates. Data on plant height (132.00 cm), number of plants (91.33 m-2), number of tillers (146.00 m-2), number of leaves tillers-1 (5.66), total dry matter (17.70 t ha-1) and fodder yield (60.90 t ha-1) showed that nitrogen application @ 150 % N of recommended dose with drill sowing proved to be the most cost effective technique for fodder oat production in salt affected soil as compared to other treatments. Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz
目前巴基斯坦快速发展的畜牧业对绿色饲料的需求和供应严重不足。通过加强对受盐影响土壤的研究和发展活动，利用边际土地可以部分弥补这种缺乏。盐碱化大大降低了几乎所有传统作物的产量;因此，在盐渍化土壤中引入非常规耐盐饲料作物可能是一种合适的选择。冬季种植燕麦是值得的，因为在饲料贫乏或可忽略不计的贫瘠时期，它可以提供60-70天的绿色饲料。燕麦饲料柔软可口，富含粗蛋白质(10-12%)。根据Younis和Azam(2003)，燕麦与Berseem混合为哺乳动物提供了均衡的饲料。此外，对燕麦作物进行有效的营养管理可能有助于提高生产优质饲料的潜力(Mohr et al.， 2004)。目前的情况敦促农学家开发一种综合的特定地点农业技术，通过改进巴基斯坦流行的燕麦生产技术的一些基本组成部分，提高受盐影响土壤中燕麦的饲料产量。在各种农业管理因素中，最佳氮肥水平和播种方式是识别盐碱地最大潜力的重要因素。氮肥施用对饲料的产量和质量更为重要(Fageria和Moreira, 2011)。在大多数Abstract bbb条件下，它是最限制产量的植物营养物质之一。冬季饲料和饲料供应的短缺被认为是巴基斯坦利用畜牧业潜力的首要瓶颈。为此，本研究在巴基斯坦Hafizabad PindiBhattian土壤盐分研究所进行了连续三年(2013 - 2015)的实地研究，以评估盐影响条件下不同氮水平和成本效益的燕麦饲料生产播种技术。试验了两种播种方法，即宽播和钻播，每行间隔30 cm, 4种施氮水平(施氮量为推荐施氮量的75,100,125和150%，即150kg ha-)。钾肥推荐用量(85 ~ 60 PK kg hm -1)与试验施氮量一致。株高(132.00 cm)、株数(91.33 m-2)、分蘖数(146.00 m-2)、叶片分蘖数(5.66)、总干物质(17.70 t hm -1)和饲料产量(60.90 t hm -1)的数据表明，与其他处理相比，施氮150%推荐施氮量的钻播是盐害土壤中饲料燕麦生产最具成本效益的技术。穆罕默德·凯萨尔·纳瓦兹
{"title":"Effect of Different Sowing Methods and Nitrogen Levels on Fodder Yield of Oat in Salt Affected Soil","authors":"M. Q. Nawaz","doi":"10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.323.328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.323.328","url":null,"abstract":"T is a great deficit in the current demand and supply of green fodder to feed rapidly expanding livestock industry in Pakistan. This dearth can be partially bridged by utilization of marginal lands through strengthening research and development activities in salt affected soils. Salinity drastically reduced the yield of nearly every conventional crop; so introducing non-conventional salt tolerant fodder crops might be a suitable option in salt affected soil. Cultivation of oats in winter season is worthwhile as it can provide green fodder for 60-70 days during lean periods when availability of fodder is scrimpy or negligible. Oat fodder is soft, palatable and rich in crude protein (10-12%). According to Younis and Azam (2003), oat mixed with Berseem provides a balanced feed to milch animals. Furthermore, efficient nutrients management of oat crop might be helpful to improve the potential for producing high quality fodder (Mohr et al., 2004). The present scenario urged the agronomists to develop a comprehensive site specific agro technology to boost up fodder yield of oat in salt affected soils by improving some basic components of the prevailing oat production technology in Pakistan. Among various agro management factors, optimum level of nitrogen and sowing methods are of great importance to recognize maximum potential of oat in saline-sodic field. Nitrogen application assumes greater importance regarding the yield and quality of fodder (Fageria and Moreira, 2011). It is one of the most yield limiting plant nutrients under most Abstract | Scarcity of the feed and fodder availability in winter season has been considered as the foremost bottleneck in harnessing the potential of the livestock sector in Pakistan. In this perspective a field study was conducted for three consecutive years (2013 to 2015) at Soil Salinity Research Institute, PindiBhattian, Hafizabad, Pakistan to evaluate different nitrogen levels and the cost-effective sowing technique for oat forage production under salt affected conditions. Two sowing methods i.e. broad cast and drill sowing with 30 cm apart rows and four nitrogen levels (75,100,125 and 150 % of N recommended dose i.e. 150kg ha-) were tested. Recommended dose of PK fertilizer (85-60 PK kg ha-1) was used uniformly with experimental N rates. Data on plant height (132.00 cm), number of plants (91.33 m-2), number of tillers (146.00 m-2), number of leaves tillers-1 (5.66), total dry matter (17.70 t ha-1) and fodder yield (60.90 t ha-1) showed that nitrogen application @ 150 % N of recommended dose with drill sowing proved to be the most cost effective technique for fodder oat production in salt affected soil as compared to other treatments. Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz","PeriodicalId":338801,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130822824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.315.322
Tahira Tahira, Muhammad Arshad, M. A. Khan, M. Khan
{"title":"Cluster Analysis, Association and Path Coefficient Analysis for Seed Yield Improvement in Rapeseed","authors":"Tahira Tahira, Muhammad Arshad, M. A. Khan, M. Khan","doi":"10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.315.322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.315.322","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":338801,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132656734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-01DOI: 10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.329.337
Muhammad Imran Mahmood, M. Zubair
{"title":"Resilience of Tree Species to Floods and Rehabilitation Strategy for the Flood Affected Indus Basin","authors":"Muhammad Imran Mahmood, M. Zubair","doi":"10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.329.337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017/30.4.329.337","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":338801,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131209923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-01DOI: 10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017.30.3.258.265
Aqsa Qayyum, Masooma Munir, S. Raza, Mussarat Gillani, S. Kanwal, Nouman Rashid, Amer Mumtaz, N. Safdar, Zarmina Gillani
W is a staple food as it constitutes 60% of daily diet of a common man in Pakistan. The population of Pakistan is increasing so there is a need to share the burden of wheat by developing composite flour. Composite flour is defined as a mixture of flour from starch based-tubers, protein enriched legumes and from other cereals flour in combination with or without wheat flour. Research have been carried out on the utilization of various food items like cassava, yam, sweet potato, maize, rice, sorghum, millet, soya, chick pea, cow pea and peanuts as a substitute of wheat flour (Begum et al., 2013; Ohimain, 2014). Composite flour utilization in development of various food products is an attractive approach to meet the global challenge of protein-calorie malnutrition. To overcome the problem of protein calorie malnutrition and to increase intake of dietary protein in to the diet, the combination of cereal-based products with legumes is of considerable importance. Pulses or legumes are an important source of dietary vegetable protein containing twice the protein content compared to cereal grains. Cereals are deficient in lysine but contain sufficient amount of sulphur containing amino acids. In contrast, legumes contain sufficient lysine but lacking sulphur containing amino acids. Therefore, to overcome the problem of protein Abstract | The present study aimed to develop composite flour by substituting wheat flour with pea flour at different levels and to check its suitability in biscuits through its rheological and qualitative study. Results indicated rheological parameters including water absorption, dough development time, dough stability, gluten content and falling no. values differed significantly (p < 0.01) among all the treatments of composite flour. Wet and dry gluten content decreased from 22.16 ± 1.58 % (T0) to 16.43 ± 1.32 % (T3) and 7.46 ± 0.47 % (T0) to 5.03 ± 0.38 % (T3) respectively. With increasing percent of pea flour in biscuits, moisture, carbohydrates and caloric value decreased from (1.84% 1.33%), (62.87% 54.57%), (525.64 Kcal /100 g to 502.84 Kcal /100 g) respectively while ash, fat, fiber, protein, iron, zinc, magnesium and manganese contents increased significantly (p < 0.01). There was a non-significant (p > 0.05) effect on the color, flavor, taste and texture of biscuits. So, it is concluded that replacement of wheat flour with pea flour up to a level of 20% improved the nutritional potential of biscuits without affecting the consumer acceptability score. Aqsa Qayyum1*, Masooma Munir1, Saeeda Raza1, Mussarat Gillani1, Saima Kanwal1, Nouman Rashid1, Amer Mumtaz1, Naeem Safdar1, Zarmina Gillani2
{"title":"Rheological and Qualitative Assessment of Wheat-Pea Composite Flour and its Utilization in Biscuits","authors":"Aqsa Qayyum, Masooma Munir, S. Raza, Mussarat Gillani, S. Kanwal, Nouman Rashid, Amer Mumtaz, N. Safdar, Zarmina Gillani","doi":"10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017.30.3.258.265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017.30.3.258.265","url":null,"abstract":"W is a staple food as it constitutes 60% of daily diet of a common man in Pakistan. The population of Pakistan is increasing so there is a need to share the burden of wheat by developing composite flour. Composite flour is defined as a mixture of flour from starch based-tubers, protein enriched legumes and from other cereals flour in combination with or without wheat flour. Research have been carried out on the utilization of various food items like cassava, yam, sweet potato, maize, rice, sorghum, millet, soya, chick pea, cow pea and peanuts as a substitute of wheat flour (Begum et al., 2013; Ohimain, 2014). Composite flour utilization in development of various food products is an attractive approach to meet the global challenge of protein-calorie malnutrition. To overcome the problem of protein calorie malnutrition and to increase intake of dietary protein in to the diet, the combination of cereal-based products with legumes is of considerable importance. Pulses or legumes are an important source of dietary vegetable protein containing twice the protein content compared to cereal grains. Cereals are deficient in lysine but contain sufficient amount of sulphur containing amino acids. In contrast, legumes contain sufficient lysine but lacking sulphur containing amino acids. Therefore, to overcome the problem of protein Abstract | The present study aimed to develop composite flour by substituting wheat flour with pea flour at different levels and to check its suitability in biscuits through its rheological and qualitative study. Results indicated rheological parameters including water absorption, dough development time, dough stability, gluten content and falling no. values differed significantly (p < 0.01) among all the treatments of composite flour. Wet and dry gluten content decreased from 22.16 ± 1.58 % (T0) to 16.43 ± 1.32 % (T3) and 7.46 ± 0.47 % (T0) to 5.03 ± 0.38 % (T3) respectively. With increasing percent of pea flour in biscuits, moisture, carbohydrates and caloric value decreased from (1.84% 1.33%), (62.87% 54.57%), (525.64 Kcal /100 g to 502.84 Kcal /100 g) respectively while ash, fat, fiber, protein, iron, zinc, magnesium and manganese contents increased significantly (p < 0.01). There was a non-significant (p > 0.05) effect on the color, flavor, taste and texture of biscuits. So, it is concluded that replacement of wheat flour with pea flour up to a level of 20% improved the nutritional potential of biscuits without affecting the consumer acceptability score. Aqsa Qayyum1*, Masooma Munir1, Saeeda Raza1, Mussarat Gillani1, Saima Kanwal1, Nouman Rashid1, Amer Mumtaz1, Naeem Safdar1, Zarmina Gillani2","PeriodicalId":338801,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123659650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-01DOI: 10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017.30.3.272.286
N. Bano, K. Qureshi
{"title":"Responses of Strawberry Plant to Pre-Harvest Application of Salicylic Acid in Drought Conditions","authors":"N. Bano, K. Qureshi","doi":"10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017.30.3.272.286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17582/JOURNAL.PJAR/2017.30.3.272.286","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":338801,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127477407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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