Pub Date : 2022-01-12DOI: 10.1387/clio-crimen.23225
A. Rivera
La ley de amnistía de octubre de 1977 fue un hito fundacional de la democracia española. La ampliación de sus beneficios a los responsables políticos y policiales de la represión de la dictadura es hoy motivo de discusión. El texto analiza s causas y las dimensiones políticas, sociales e historiográficas del debate. La lógica del presente trasladada al pasado genera problemas.
{"title":"La amnistía de 1977 y los debates sobre el pasado","authors":"A. Rivera","doi":"10.1387/clio-crimen.23225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1387/clio-crimen.23225","url":null,"abstract":"La ley de amnistía de octubre de 1977 fue un hito fundacional de la democracia española. La ampliación de sus beneficios a los responsables políticos y policiales de la represión de la dictadura es hoy motivo de discusión. El texto analiza s causas y las dimensiones políticas, sociales e historiográficas del debate. La lógica del presente trasladada al pasado genera problemas.","PeriodicalId":33895,"journal":{"name":"Crimen Beograd","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86030057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-12DOI: 10.1387/clio-crimen.23295
Eduardo Godoy Yáñez
En el presente estudio se busca arrojar luz sobre el modo en que se desarrollaron las súplicas de indulto en el Chile decimonónico a partir de unaprimera aproximación al caso de los veteranos de la Guerra del Pacífico (1879-1884) y las peticiones que elevaron ante el Consejo de Estado porcausas civiles, militares y criminales entre 1882 y 1888. Metodológicamente se realiza una prosopografía del proceso suplicativo a través de la identificación de los documentos elaborados en el marco de la pro- pia solicitud, así como de sus trayectorias en el proceso, lo que revela la morfologíade una compleja red de agenciamiento social en la que las formas de reconocimiento social jugaron un papel fundamental.
{"title":"\"En nombre de los que firmamos, pedimos…\". Una prosopografía de las prácticas de agenciamiento y reconocimiento social en los procesos suplicativos de soldados y veteranos de la Guerra del Pacífico, 1882-1888","authors":"Eduardo Godoy Yáñez","doi":"10.1387/clio-crimen.23295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1387/clio-crimen.23295","url":null,"abstract":"En el presente estudio se busca arrojar luz sobre el modo en que se desarrollaron las súplicas de indulto en el Chile decimonónico a partir de unaprimera aproximación al caso de los veteranos de la Guerra del Pacífico (1879-1884) y las peticiones que elevaron ante el Consejo de Estado porcausas civiles, militares y criminales entre 1882 y 1888. Metodológicamente se realiza una prosopografía del proceso suplicativo a través de la identificación de los documentos elaborados en el marco de la pro- pia solicitud, así como de sus trayectorias en el proceso, lo que revela la morfologíade una compleja red de agenciamiento social en la que las formas de reconocimiento social jugaron un papel fundamental.","PeriodicalId":33895,"journal":{"name":"Crimen Beograd","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91114097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-12DOI: 10.1387/clio-crimen.23294
Mariana Moranchel Pocaterra
Para lograr la construcción del Estado nacional mexicano el indulto se convirtió en un mecanismo para desac- tivar, a favor de determinada causapolítica, los efectos de las constantes sublevaciones, asonadas y pronunciamientos militares. El objetivo de este trabajo se enfoca en explorar la formaen la que se creó un andamiaje jurídico con el fin de regular ese recurso, cuya puesta en marcha no fue fácil en razón, de la exigencia que tuvo el poderejecutivo de negociar con diferentes actores.
{"title":"Andamiaje jurídico y práctica política en torno al indulto en el México pos-independiente","authors":"Mariana Moranchel Pocaterra","doi":"10.1387/clio-crimen.23294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1387/clio-crimen.23294","url":null,"abstract":"Para lograr la construcción del Estado nacional mexicano el indulto se convirtió en un mecanismo para desac- tivar, a favor de determinada causapolítica, los efectos de las constantes sublevaciones, asonadas y pronunciamientos militares. El objetivo de este trabajo se enfoca en explorar la formaen la que se creó un andamiaje jurídico con el fin de regular ese recurso, cuya puesta en marcha no fue fácil en razón, de la exigencia que tuvo el poderejecutivo de negociar con diferentes actores.","PeriodicalId":33895,"journal":{"name":"Crimen Beograd","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86195573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-12DOI: 10.1387/clio-crimen.23291
Andrea Grande Pascual
En la sociedad europea de Antiguo Régimen era habitual resolver todo tipo de conflictos, incluso los criminales, fuera de los tribunales. A través delestudio de varios procesos judiciales en los que la parte ofendida otorgó su perdón a cambio de cier- tas indemnizaciones se expondrán las principalescaracterísticas de estas prácticas infrajudiciales.
{"title":"El perdón de la parte ofendida como mecanismo para la resolución de crímenes violentos en la Bizkaia de fines del Antiguo Régimen (1766-1841)","authors":"Andrea Grande Pascual","doi":"10.1387/clio-crimen.23291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1387/clio-crimen.23291","url":null,"abstract":"En la sociedad europea de Antiguo Régimen era habitual resolver todo tipo de conflictos, incluso los criminales, fuera de los tribunales. A través delestudio de varios procesos judiciales en los que la parte ofendida otorgó su perdón a cambio de cier- tas indemnizaciones se expondrán las principalescaracterísticas de estas prácticas infrajudiciales.","PeriodicalId":33895,"journal":{"name":"Crimen Beograd","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82245331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-12DOI: 10.1387/clio-crimen.23290
Óscar López Gómez
A partir de documentación de archivo en gran parte inédita, en este trabajo se reflexiona sobre la problemática existente en torno a las distintasvaloraciones del perdón del rey al gran noble, y se analizan sus cláusulas y condicionantes, partiendo del hecho de que en la Castilla bajomedieval laalta nobleza era un grupo con una idiosincrasia muy específica, dado su enorme poderío político y económico, que le permitía incluso sostener a ejércitos privados.
{"title":"El perdón del rey a los grandes nobles en la Castilla del siglo XV. Problemática y elementos definitorios","authors":"Óscar López Gómez","doi":"10.1387/clio-crimen.23290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1387/clio-crimen.23290","url":null,"abstract":"A partir de documentación de archivo en gran parte inédita, en este trabajo se reflexiona sobre la problemática existente en torno a las distintasvaloraciones del perdón del rey al gran noble, y se analizan sus cláusulas y condicionantes, partiendo del hecho de que en la Castilla bajomedieval laalta nobleza era un grupo con una idiosincrasia muy específica, dado su enorme poderío político y económico, que le permitía incluso sostener a ejércitos privados.","PeriodicalId":33895,"journal":{"name":"Crimen Beograd","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83961698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-12DOI: 10.1387/clio-crimen.23296
Eduardo Parra Iñesta
La amnistía se convirtió en una de las principales demandas de la oposición política al Franquismo durante la Transición Española. El gobierno deAdolfo Suárez llevó a cabo dos grandes amnistías en 1976 y 1977 que bajaron drásticamente el número de presos políticos en las cárceles españolas. Eneste artículo pretendemos profundizar en otras dos amnistías que han quedado oscurecidas en este periodo: los extrañamientos de presos vascos y lapropuesta de amnistía para los presos sociales.
{"title":"Las \"otras amnistías\" de la Transición española: extrañados y amnistía a presos sociales. Historias de éxito y fracaso","authors":"Eduardo Parra Iñesta","doi":"10.1387/clio-crimen.23296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1387/clio-crimen.23296","url":null,"abstract":"La amnistía se convirtió en una de las principales demandas de la oposición política al Franquismo durante la Transición Española. El gobierno deAdolfo Suárez llevó a cabo dos grandes amnistías en 1976 y 1977 que bajaron drásticamente el número de presos políticos en las cárceles españolas. Eneste artículo pretendemos profundizar en otras dos amnistías que han quedado oscurecidas en este periodo: los extrañamientos de presos vascos y lapropuesta de amnistía para los presos sociales.","PeriodicalId":33895,"journal":{"name":"Crimen Beograd","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91257859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we analyze the features of modern imprisonment. The author, first of all, starts by pointing out the trend of penal populism which imposes a series of negative consequences for the entire social system and then evaluates five main theses related to criticism of the criminal sanctions which were indeed raised by Foucault with an aim to determine whether ultimately, today, something has been altered in the era of global integrations, self-proclaimed democratic societies and increasingly loud proclamations for the protection of human rights and freedoms. The following part of the study is committed to contemplating the positive and negative consequences of life imprisonment, as of latterly initiated punishment in the system of criminal sanctions of the Republic of Serbia, with an allusion to sole comparative law solutions.
{"title":"Prison sentence in the 21st century","authors":"Milica Đurđević","doi":"10.5937/crimen2203304d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/crimen2203304d","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we analyze the features of modern imprisonment. The author, first of all, starts by pointing out the trend of penal populism which imposes a series of negative consequences for the entire social system and then evaluates five main theses related to criticism of the criminal sanctions which were indeed raised by Foucault with an aim to determine whether ultimately, today, something has been altered in the era of global integrations, self-proclaimed democratic societies and increasingly loud proclamations for the protection of human rights and freedoms. The following part of the study is committed to contemplating the positive and negative consequences of life imprisonment, as of latterly initiated punishment in the system of criminal sanctions of the Republic of Serbia, with an allusion to sole comparative law solutions.","PeriodicalId":33895,"journal":{"name":"Crimen Beograd","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71209413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main conclusion of the paper is that the issue of the legitimacy of extreme necessity as a basis for excluding unlawfulnesss has not been satisfactorily resolved. When it comes to the solution in the criminal law of Serbia, there is a serious deficit in terms of the legitimacy of the extreme necessity as a basis for the exclusion of unlawfulness, especially in the case when the threatened good and the one sacrificed are of the same value. Therefore, the prevailing interest theory cannot justify the existing solution. On the other hand, requiring the condition that the person invoking the extreme necessity did not cause danger (which is the specificity of that solution in CC of Serbia), to some extent facilitates solving the complex problem of justifying extreme necessity as a basis for excluding unlawfulnesss unlawfulnesss. Discussing the issue of justification, one should start from two approaches that dominate the theory of criminal law: the principle of predominant interest and the principle of solidarity. Those two principles are not so different that they could not be considered as one principle. Moreover, the principle of solidarity if it is based on the principle of predominant interest provides additional justification and persuasiveness. However, solidarity in a situation of extreme necessity must be of a limited nature, and therefore one can speak of the principle of limited solidarity, which is based on the principle of predominant interest. First of all, solidarity must be limited by the value of goods, ie. it can be expected from individuals (or imposed on them through legal norms) only when one sacrifices one's own good of lesser value in order to save someone else's good of greater value (by no means of the same value). Nor can it be expected that someone will sacrifice his own life, even if it would remove the danger from the lives of several people. The scope of solidarity, no matter how it is understood, cannot reach those limits. Furthermore, it is also limited by the fact that solidarity cannot be expected by the one who is responsible for creating the danger, so in this respect the solution from the CC of Serbia is in accordance with the principle of limited solidarity. Solidarity can justify the sacrifice of the goods of others, which legally narrows the limits of their free action. Nevertheless, it still remains an open question whether solidarity means that others voluntarily accept to sacrifice their goods (of lesser value) in order to save one's good (voluntariness could be based not only on altruism, but also on the expectation that the same will be done for apply to them if they find themselves in a situation of danger), or is it a legally imposed solidarity. Problems related to the legitimacy of extreme necessity as a basis for excluding unlawfulness are also significant for the interpretation of certain conditions for its application. The absence of a convincing justification of extreme necessity as a basis for e
{"title":"Justification and limits of the necessity in criminal law","authors":"Z. Stojanović","doi":"10.5937/crimen2202134s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/crimen2202134s","url":null,"abstract":"The main conclusion of the paper is that the issue of the legitimacy of extreme necessity as a basis for excluding unlawfulnesss has not been satisfactorily resolved. When it comes to the solution in the criminal law of Serbia, there is a serious deficit in terms of the legitimacy of the extreme necessity as a basis for the exclusion of unlawfulness, especially in the case when the threatened good and the one sacrificed are of the same value. Therefore, the prevailing interest theory cannot justify the existing solution. On the other hand, requiring the condition that the person invoking the extreme necessity did not cause danger (which is the specificity of that solution in CC of Serbia), to some extent facilitates solving the complex problem of justifying extreme necessity as a basis for excluding unlawfulnesss unlawfulnesss. Discussing the issue of justification, one should start from two approaches that dominate the theory of criminal law: the principle of predominant interest and the principle of solidarity. Those two principles are not so different that they could not be considered as one principle. Moreover, the principle of solidarity if it is based on the principle of predominant interest provides additional justification and persuasiveness. However, solidarity in a situation of extreme necessity must be of a limited nature, and therefore one can speak of the principle of limited solidarity, which is based on the principle of predominant interest. First of all, solidarity must be limited by the value of goods, ie. it can be expected from individuals (or imposed on them through legal norms) only when one sacrifices one's own good of lesser value in order to save someone else's good of greater value (by no means of the same value). Nor can it be expected that someone will sacrifice his own life, even if it would remove the danger from the lives of several people. The scope of solidarity, no matter how it is understood, cannot reach those limits. Furthermore, it is also limited by the fact that solidarity cannot be expected by the one who is responsible for creating the danger, so in this respect the solution from the CC of Serbia is in accordance with the principle of limited solidarity. Solidarity can justify the sacrifice of the goods of others, which legally narrows the limits of their free action. Nevertheless, it still remains an open question whether solidarity means that others voluntarily accept to sacrifice their goods (of lesser value) in order to save one's good (voluntariness could be based not only on altruism, but also on the expectation that the same will be done for apply to them if they find themselves in a situation of danger), or is it a legally imposed solidarity. Problems related to the legitimacy of extreme necessity as a basis for excluding unlawfulness are also significant for the interpretation of certain conditions for its application. The absence of a convincing justification of extreme necessity as a basis for e","PeriodicalId":33895,"journal":{"name":"Crimen Beograd","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71209864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aggravated murder in a cruel manner is a form of murder which is prescribed in Article 114, paragraph 1, item 1 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Serbia. The article emphasizes the meaning of the notion of cruelty as a determining feature of this crime. It is a complex concept that has its objective, but also subjective aspects. Namely, cruelty on the one hand means depriving the victim of life in a way that inflicts excessive pain and suffering, while, on the other hand, it is necessary for the perpetrator to demonstrate a specific emotional relationship towards these pains and sufferings (in the form of pleasure, enjoyment, lack of pity, etc.). Furthermore, the issue of guilt in this crime was analyzed, especially the possibility of its existence in the case of insanity and significantly reduced sanity. Although the case law rules that in these cases, aggravated murder in a cruel way is not possible, the article argues the opposite thesis. In the end, the issues with attempting and preparing a aggravated murder in a cruel way were discussed. The latter institute may be interesting since the amendments to the Criminal Code from 2019 criminalize the preparation of aggravated murder (it is a so-called delicta preparata), with the provision that the article argues that this provision cannot be applied to aggravated murder in a cruel way.
{"title":"Aggravated murder in a cruel manner","authors":"Emir A. Ćorović","doi":"10.5937/crimen2201028c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/crimen2201028c","url":null,"abstract":"Aggravated murder in a cruel manner is a form of murder which is prescribed in Article 114, paragraph 1, item 1 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Serbia. The article emphasizes the meaning of the notion of cruelty as a determining feature of this crime. It is a complex concept that has its objective, but also subjective aspects. Namely, cruelty on the one hand means depriving the victim of life in a way that inflicts excessive pain and suffering, while, on the other hand, it is necessary for the perpetrator to demonstrate a specific emotional relationship towards these pains and sufferings (in the form of pleasure, enjoyment, lack of pity, etc.). Furthermore, the issue of guilt in this crime was analyzed, especially the possibility of its existence in the case of insanity and significantly reduced sanity. Although the case law rules that in these cases, aggravated murder in a cruel way is not possible, the article argues the opposite thesis. In the end, the issues with attempting and preparing a aggravated murder in a cruel way were discussed. The latter institute may be interesting since the amendments to the Criminal Code from 2019 criminalize the preparation of aggravated murder (it is a so-called delicta preparata), with the provision that the article argues that this provision cannot be applied to aggravated murder in a cruel way.","PeriodicalId":33895,"journal":{"name":"Crimen Beograd","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71209684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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