Roberts Buks, Jeļena Malahova, V. Urbāne, Vladimirs Jemeļjanovs, I. Vilcane
Abstract The current article describes topics ranging from the respiratory physiology and the structure of compressed air breathing apparatus to the performance of practical training exercises in an unbreathable environment (hereinafter referred to as UE). The State Fire and Rescue Service (hereinafter referred to as SFRS) also carries out regular training studies in the UE, but these studies lack the methodology. The research results could be used as a basis for the implementation of theoretical and practical training methods/exercises when training the SFRS officers.
{"title":"Training Studies with Compressed Air Breathing Apparatus – Methodology, Exercises","authors":"Roberts Buks, Jeļena Malahova, V. Urbāne, Vladimirs Jemeļjanovs, I. Vilcane","doi":"10.1515/ste-2015-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ste-2015-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The current article describes topics ranging from the respiratory physiology and the structure of compressed air breathing apparatus to the performance of practical training exercises in an unbreathable environment (hereinafter referred to as UE). The State Fire and Rescue Service (hereinafter referred to as SFRS) also carries out regular training studies in the UE, but these studies lack the methodology. The research results could be used as a basis for the implementation of theoretical and practical training methods/exercises when training the SFRS officers.","PeriodicalId":339138,"journal":{"name":"Safety of Technogenic Environment","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128073195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The aim of this paper is to prove the application of multi-criteria analysis methods for optimisation of fire risk identification and assessment process. The object of this research is fire risk and risk assessment. The subject of the research is studying the application of analytic hierarchy process for modelling and influence assessment of various fire risk factors. Results of research conducted by the authors can be used by insurance companies to perform the detailed assessment of fire risks on the object and to calculate a risk extra charge to an insurance premium; by the state supervisory institutions to determine the compliance of a condition of object with requirements of regulations; by real state owners and investors to carry out actions for decrease in degree of fire risks and minimisation of possible losses.
{"title":"Applying Multi-Criteria Analysis Methods for Fire Risk Assessment","authors":"Julia Pushkina, V. Jansons, K. Didenko","doi":"10.1515/ste-2015-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ste-2015-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of this paper is to prove the application of multi-criteria analysis methods for optimisation of fire risk identification and assessment process. The object of this research is fire risk and risk assessment. The subject of the research is studying the application of analytic hierarchy process for modelling and influence assessment of various fire risk factors. Results of research conducted by the authors can be used by insurance companies to perform the detailed assessment of fire risks on the object and to calculate a risk extra charge to an insurance premium; by the state supervisory institutions to determine the compliance of a condition of object with requirements of regulations; by real state owners and investors to carry out actions for decrease in degree of fire risks and minimisation of possible losses.","PeriodicalId":339138,"journal":{"name":"Safety of Technogenic Environment","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123003407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karin Kuimet, M. Järvis, Anu Virovere, J. Hartšenko
Abstract This paper contributes to the development of the human resource management (HRM), organisational (safety) culture and knowledge management literature through developing the linkage and relationship among them. The article suggests that the HRM concepts and frameworks could play an important role in the safety knowledge exchange within the organisation. The research method includes exploratory case studies, interviews and evaluation questionnaires in order to clarify how HRM practices are adopted for safety management systems.
{"title":"Linking Human Resource Management and Knowledge Management via Commitment to Safety","authors":"Karin Kuimet, M. Järvis, Anu Virovere, J. Hartšenko","doi":"10.1515/ste-2015-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ste-2015-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper contributes to the development of the human resource management (HRM), organisational (safety) culture and knowledge management literature through developing the linkage and relationship among them. The article suggests that the HRM concepts and frameworks could play an important role in the safety knowledge exchange within the organisation. The research method includes exploratory case studies, interviews and evaluation questionnaires in order to clarify how HRM practices are adopted for safety management systems.","PeriodicalId":339138,"journal":{"name":"Safety of Technogenic Environment","volume":"8 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120880813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Pille, V. Tuulik, P. Tint, V. Tuulik, Aaro Hazak
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders have a high frequency of occurrence, and they often cause temporary or permanent disability of the neck, shoulders, arms and back and pain complaints with respect to other muscles. In the present study, we investigated 66 office workers, 18 industrial workers from wood and textile industries and 40 SPA service workers. The pain complaints were mapped with the 10-point scale. The localization of the pain was assessed with the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. 66 office workers and 18 industrial workers were investigated with the help of myometry. The latter method enables to determine the fatigue and elasticity of the muscles. The main aim was to identify the occupational risk factors – possible developers of MSDs in the early stage of disturbances, thus preventing the formation of the chronic diseases and disabilities.
{"title":"Office and Industrial Workers Complaint Detection and Prevention of Professional Upper Limb Overuse","authors":"V. Pille, V. Tuulik, P. Tint, V. Tuulik, Aaro Hazak","doi":"10.7250/STE.2014.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/STE.2014.011","url":null,"abstract":"Work-related musculoskeletal disorders have a high frequency of occurrence, and they often cause temporary or permanent disability of the neck, shoulders, arms and back and pain complaints with respect to other muscles. In the present study, we investigated 66 office workers, 18 industrial workers from wood and textile industries and 40 SPA service workers. The pain complaints were mapped with the 10-point scale. The localization of the pain was assessed with the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. 66 office workers and 18 industrial workers were investigated with the help of myometry. The latter method enables to determine the fatigue and elasticity of the muscles. The main aim was to identify the occupational risk factors – possible developers of MSDs in the early stage of disturbances, thus preventing the formation of the chronic diseases and disabilities.","PeriodicalId":339138,"journal":{"name":"Safety of Technogenic Environment","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124004421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The relevance of this study is determined by the rapid development in the portable computer and wireless data transmission technologies. Modern working and living environments have become abundant in radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. This article investigates the effectiveness of intervention measures to reduce laptop computer user’s exposure to the radiofrequency electromagnetic field from wireless networking. Different exposure reduction solutions using 2G, 3G, 4G wireless network modems are studied. Intervention measures include: 1) selecting an area with better wireless network reception and 2) placing the network modem away from the user at different distances. The results show the greatest reduction in exposure when the wireless modem was placed outside the workplace, away from the line of sight. The reception quality also played a determining role in the output power of the computer’s wireless modem. Therefore, the highest exposure levels were detected while the wireless modem was closest to the user’s body and under the poorest network reception conditions.
{"title":"Reducing Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields from Wireless Networking with Portable Computers","authors":"T. Koppel, I. Vilcane, M. Ahonen","doi":"10.7250/STE.2014.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/STE.2014.009","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of this study is determined by the rapid development in the portable computer and wireless data transmission technologies. Modern working and living environments have become abundant in radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. This article investigates the effectiveness of intervention measures to reduce laptop computer user’s exposure to the radiofrequency electromagnetic field from wireless networking. Different exposure reduction solutions using 2G, 3G, 4G wireless network modems are studied. Intervention measures include: 1) selecting an area with better wireless network reception and 2) placing the network modem away from the user at different distances. The results show the greatest reduction in exposure when the wireless modem was placed outside the workplace, away from the line of sight. The reception quality also played a determining role in the output power of the computer’s wireless modem. Therefore, the highest exposure levels were detected while the wireless modem was closest to the user’s body and under the poorest network reception conditions.","PeriodicalId":339138,"journal":{"name":"Safety of Technogenic Environment","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131100865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to increased risk and severity of the global economic and financial crisis, the evaluation of financial security is vital for the national security. Internationally recognized indicators, such as sovereign credit ratings, may overestimate the actual situation due to political reasons. This paper presents a consolidated indicator of the state financial security, which takes into account a number of the state economic and financial parameters. The calculated indicator correlates well with the sovereign ratings for low rating values, but gives more pessimistic estimation for high ratings.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Latvian Financial Security: Aspects of Government Debt Policy","authors":"Nadezhda Semjonova","doi":"10.7250/STE.2014.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/STE.2014.013","url":null,"abstract":"Due to increased risk and severity of the global economic and financial crisis, the evaluation of financial security is vital for the national security. Internationally recognized indicators, such as sovereign credit ratings, may overestimate the actual situation due to political reasons. This paper presents a consolidated indicator of the state financial security, which takes into account a number of the state economic and financial parameters. The calculated indicator correlates well with the sovereign ratings for low rating values, but gives more pessimistic estimation for high ratings.","PeriodicalId":339138,"journal":{"name":"Safety of Technogenic Environment","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130058704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Proper ordering and structuring help process large volumes of knowledge quickly, identify key trends and changes in design, and offer effective solutions of the current issues. Using term by term disjunction allows processing large amounts of knowledge, and representation of the predicate presented as a graph provides a clear visualization. The example of the application of the above-mentioned method while creating a new fire truck to fight forest fires is provided.
{"title":"Structuring of Information Base for Designing Fire Equipment","authors":"R. Zinko","doi":"10.7250/STE.2014.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/STE.2014.015","url":null,"abstract":"Proper ordering and structuring help process large volumes of knowledge quickly, identify key trends and changes in design, and offer effective solutions of the current issues. Using term by term disjunction allows processing large amounts of knowledge, and representation of the predicate presented as a graph provides a clear visualization. The example of the application of the above-mentioned method while creating a new fire truck to fight forest fires is provided.","PeriodicalId":339138,"journal":{"name":"Safety of Technogenic Environment","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127950535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Municipal waste management is an activity that decreases environmental hazard and impact on human health, on the other hand, it is still linked with possible technogenic risks during management processes. The paper is focused on the assessment of low potential risk with the high impact on technogenic safety – waste inflammation at different waste management stages. The paper performs an assessment of most common inflammation causes and offers a variety of activities to be undertaken to eliminate or decrease such risks. As one of the solutions in order to minimise possible inflammation risk, the authors advise improving sorting system so that the fractions that are exposed to inflammation are sorted out at the early stages and managed in the best possible way.
{"title":"Decrease of Household Waste Incineration Risks in Waste Collection, Transportation and Landfilling","authors":"Natālija Cudečka-Puriņa, V. Cudečkis","doi":"10.7250/STE.2014.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/STE.2014.008","url":null,"abstract":"Municipal waste management is an activity that decreases environmental hazard and impact on human health, on the other hand, it is still linked with possible technogenic risks during management processes. The paper is focused on the assessment of low potential risk with the high impact on technogenic safety – waste inflammation at different waste management stages. The paper performs an assessment of most common inflammation causes and offers a variety of activities to be undertaken to eliminate or decrease such risks. As one of the solutions in order to minimise possible inflammation risk, the authors advise improving sorting system so that the fractions that are exposed to inflammation are sorted out at the early stages and managed in the best possible way.","PeriodicalId":339138,"journal":{"name":"Safety of Technogenic Environment","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127924557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeļena Malahova, Kārlis Ketners, J. Ieviņš, Mihails Antonovs
The article proposes the rescue works in case of fire in tall buildings in Riga, the Republic of Latvia. The subject of the present study is a problem of tall buildings in the context of fire safety, fire extinguishing and performance of rescue works, while multi-storey residential houses have been chosen as the study object. The study presents the analysis of a multi-storey building with number of storeys over 10 (high-rise building) since just such buildings are characterized by increased fire hazard and more difficult fire extinguishing and rescue works. Within the framework of the performed study, one of tall buildings in Riga has been analyzed: multi-storey residential apartment building at 11 Lielirbes Street.
{"title":"Rescue Works in Case of Fire in Tall Buildings in Riga","authors":"Jeļena Malahova, Kārlis Ketners, J. Ieviņš, Mihails Antonovs","doi":"10.7250/STE.2014.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/STE.2014.010","url":null,"abstract":"The article proposes the rescue works in case of fire in tall buildings in Riga, the Republic of Latvia. The subject of the present study is a problem of tall buildings in the context of fire safety, fire extinguishing and performance of rescue works, while multi-storey residential houses have been chosen as the study object. The study presents the analysis of a multi-storey building with number of storeys over 10 (high-rise building) since just such buildings are characterized by increased fire hazard and more difficult fire extinguishing and rescue works. Within the framework of the performed study, one of tall buildings in Riga has been analyzed: multi-storey residential apartment building at 11 Lielirbes Street.","PeriodicalId":339138,"journal":{"name":"Safety of Technogenic Environment","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121502135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the main cause of occupational diseases in Estonia and Europe. The number of MSDs has increased with the increasing number of computer workers and the increasing workload overall. In the current paper, the survey of 295 workers in Estonian enterprises is carried out to clarify the reasons of occupational stress. The causes of occupational stress are non-ergonomically designed workplace, social and human factors. The main questionnaires used were KIVA and GPSnordic. The conclusion is that KIVA questionnaire alone is too mild to point out the risk factors. The comparison with other questionnaires has to be carried out.
{"title":"Health Risks to Computer Workers in Various Indoor Facilities","authors":"P. Tint, V. Tuulik, D. Karai, K. Meigas","doi":"10.7250/STE.2014.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7250/STE.2014.006","url":null,"abstract":"Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are the main cause of occupational diseases in Estonia and Europe. The number of MSDs has increased with the increasing number of computer workers and the increasing workload overall. In the current paper, the survey of 295 workers in Estonian enterprises is carried out to clarify the reasons of occupational stress. The causes of occupational stress are non-ergonomically designed workplace, social and human factors. The main questionnaires used were KIVA and GPSnordic. The conclusion is that KIVA questionnaire alone is too mild to point out the risk factors. The comparison with other questionnaires has to be carried out.","PeriodicalId":339138,"journal":{"name":"Safety of Technogenic Environment","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126793306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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