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A Critical Review of Historical Analysis of Social Change in Nigeria from the Pre-Colonial To the Post-Colonial Period 前殖民时期到后殖民时期尼日利亚社会变迁的历史分析述评
Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.56734/ijahss.v4n4a8
Suleiman Ari Maisule, J. Bamidele, Samson Olayemi Sennuga
Changes are inevitable in both civilization as a whole and in humans. The majority of the time, social change in a country is brought about on a global scale. The intentional and unintentional changes that occur in our culture are explained by a variety of theories. They include theories on conflict, evolution, and different agents of change like invention and finding. Our society, politics, family, and even our education have all been impacted by social change. Hence, the pre-colonial, colonial, military, and what might be referred to as the democratic eras are some of the stages that the Nigerian society has gone through. Although the society undergoes changes as a result of each step, this society's desire for change has not yet been fully satiated. There is a constant search for improved social reforms and conditions because change is a fact of life. Particularly in Nigeria, societal change has occurred over time and continues to occur. It is advised that Nigeria should preserve its native language because it has played a significant role in social change since the post-Colonial era. These changes can be attributed to a number of variables, including language education, technology, modernization, environment, population, etc. It does, however, demonstrate that there are additional variables at play.
无论是整个文明还是人类,变化都是不可避免的。大多数时候,一个国家的社会变革是在全球范围内发生的。在我们的文化中发生的有意和无意的变化可以用各种理论来解释。它们包括冲突理论、进化理论,以及发明和发现等不同的变革动因。我们的社会、政治、家庭,甚至我们的教育都受到了社会变革的影响。因此,前殖民时期,殖民时期,军事时期,以及所谓的民主时代是尼日利亚社会经历的一些阶段。虽然社会每一步都在发生变化,但这个社会对变化的渴望还没有得到充分的满足。人们不断寻求改善社会改革和条件,因为变化是生活的事实。特别是在尼日利亚,社会变革随着时间的推移而发生,并将继续发生。有人建议尼日利亚应该保留其母语,因为它在后殖民时代以来在社会变革中发挥了重要作用。这些变化可以归因于许多变量,包括语言教育、技术、现代化、环境、人口等。然而,它确实表明还有其他变量在起作用。
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引用次数: 1
Influences of Students’ Self-Directed Learning on Their Grades in English as a Foreign Language Subject at the University Of Social Science and Humanities Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City 胡志明市越南国立大学社会科学与人文学院学生自主学习对英语成绩的影响
Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.56734/ijahss.v4n4a4
Phan Hong Nguyen, Tuong Nguyen Van, Truong Phan Nguyen Dong
The research aimed to clarify the role of self-directed learning in the learning process of English learners at the University of Social Science and Humanities Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City. There were 539 students participating in this research. Within this research, the self-directed learning scale by Bhrati et al (2020) was administrated and the English grades were evaluated by participants. The results revealed that most of the students were at a good level in learning English according to their self-record. Self-directed learning explained 43.9% of changes in English learning grades, which means the higher students practice self-directed learning in learning English, the more chances their English learning grades could be changed. Especially, planning and deploying learning activities, a factor of self-directed learning, contribute mainly to changes in the English grades of students. As the results, the research suggests that lecturers and school managers should introduce and equip students with good planning and deploying learning activities skills to improve English grades and English learning outcomes in general. Moreover, the study also indicated that family social economic status could be a factor contributing to improving students’ self-directed learning and English learning grades. It could imply that social policymakers could reference for further consideration social impacts resulting in improving community education outcomes.
本研究旨在阐明自主学习在越南胡志明市社会科学与人文大学英语学习者学习过程中的作用。共有539名学生参与了这项研究。本研究采用Bhrati等人(2020)设计的自主学习量表,由参与者评估英语成绩。结果显示,根据学生的自我记录,大部分学生的英语学习水平都处于良好水平。自主学习解释了43.9%的英语学习成绩变化,这意味着学生在英语学习中进行自主学习的程度越高,他们的英语学习成绩改变的可能性越大。尤其是学习活动的策划和部署,作为自主学习的一个因素,对学生英语成绩的变化起着重要的作用。研究结果表明,教师和学校管理者应该向学生介绍并使学生具备良好的计划和部署学习活动的技能,以提高英语成绩和英语学习成果。此外,该研究还表明,家庭社会经济地位可能是提高学生自主学习和英语学习成绩的一个因素。这可能意味着社会决策者可以参考进一步考虑社会影响,从而改善社区教育成果。
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引用次数: 1
Factors That Promote the Academic Success of Disadvantaged Students 促进弱势学生学业成功的因素
Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.56734/ijahss.v4n4a1
Benjamin C Ngwudike, Tabitha N. Otieno
This paper discussed the factors that hinder academic achievement of African American males from disadvantaged backgrounds with emphasis on Mississippi. These factors are applicable to other disadvantaged students from the same backgrounds. The factors originate from homes, individuals, communities, and schools. In addition, the paper proffered what African American males from disadvantaged backgrounds can do to overcome home, individual, community, and school factors that increase the odds of dropping out of school. The paper concluded that the causes of disadvantaged African American males dropping out of school originate from many sources. Finger pointing can only exacerbate the problem. Therefore, all stakeholders should work together to minimize or eliminate the problem of dropout for disadvantaged African American males and others from similar backgrounds in the Unites States and other regions of the world.
本文以密西西比州为研究对象,探讨了影响弱势背景的非裔美国男性学业成绩的因素。这些因素同样适用于其他来自相同背景的弱势学生。这些因素来自家庭、个人、社区和学校。此外,该论文还提出了来自弱势背景的非裔美国男性可以做些什么来克服家庭、个人、社区和学校等增加辍学几率的因素。这篇论文的结论是,弱势非洲裔美国男性辍学的原因有很多。相互指责只会使问题恶化。因此,所有利益相关者应共同努力,尽量减少或消除美国和世界其他地区处于不利地位的非洲裔美国男性和其他具有类似背景的人的辍学问题。
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引用次数: 0
Using Learner Logs to Enhance Metacognition in Two Teacher Education Courses 利用学习者日志增强两门教师教育课程的元认知
Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.56734/ijahss.v4n4a2
Dr. Gwendoline Ayuninjam, Dr. Tashana Howse, Dr. Jamye Curry Savage
This paper shares reflections from an empirical study on the experience of using Pintrich et al.’s (1991) Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) and learner logs to strengthen metacognition and self-regulated learning in students enrolled in two education courses: a) an educational foundations course, which focuses on critical and contemporary issues in education, and b) a mathematics course for elementary education majors, which studies geometry. Student reactions as well as the qualitative benefits and drawbacks of these tools are also shared. In addition, important pointers are highlighted in the following areas: designing pre-class work, providing feedback on the MSLQ, and using the MSLQ results to generate learner log prompts.
本文分享了一项关于使用Pintrich等人(1991)的动机学习策略问卷(MSLQ)和学习者日志来加强两门教育课程的学生的元认知和自我调节学习的经验研究的感想:a)教育基础课程,侧重于教育中的关键和当代问题,b)基础教育专业的数学课程,研究几何。学生的反应以及这些工具在质量上的优点和缺点也被分享。此外,在以下方面强调了重要的指针:设计课前工作,提供关于MSLQ的反馈,以及使用MSLQ结果生成学习者日志提示。
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引用次数: 0
From Past to Present: The Position of Ancient History in Primary School History Teaching After the 2019 Croatian Education Reform 从过去到现在:2019年克罗地亚教育改革后古代史在小学历史教学中的地位
Pub Date : 2023-04-14 DOI: 10.56734/ijahss.v4n4a3
S. Filipović, Ivan Fremec
The paper analyzes the position of ancient history in primary school history teaching. Three program documents for history teaching, The Syllabus for Primary Schools from 2006, History Curriculum Proposal from 2016, and History Curriculum for Primary Schools and Gymnasiums from 2019, are compared and analyzed with respect to the prescribed teaching contents related to ancient history. The paper also analyzes history textbooks before and after the 2019 reform, comparing textbook topics and the number of pages dedicated to ancient history, as well as the relationship between the histories of the Ancient East and Egypt, ancient Greece, and ancient Rome.
本文分析了古代史在小学历史教学中的地位。对2006年《小学教学大纲》、2016年《历史课程建议》和2019年《中小学历史课程》三个历史教学规划文件中规定的古代史相关教学内容进行了比较分析。本文还分析了2019年改革前后的历史教科书,比较了教科书的主题和古代历史的页数,以及古代东方历史与埃及、古希腊和古罗马历史的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Women’s Rights, Education And The Appearance Of Women In The Field Of Literature During The Tanzimat And Second Constitutional Period Of Ottoman Empire 坦济马特与奥斯曼帝国第二次立宪时期的女性权利、教育与文学领域中的女性形象
Pub Date : 2023-03-11 DOI: 10.56734/ijahss.v4n3a7
Sibel Karadeniz Yağmur
This article uncovers women’s rights, education, and the appearance of women in the field of literature during the Tanzimat and Second Constitutional Period of Ottoman Empire in Turkiye and the contribution of several writers and women poets. Working with correspondence, institutional and Social Science Index, and Google scholar publications, I show how women were provided with educational opportunities, and what legal and social regulations were done for women to be seen in the field of literature during the Tanzimat and Second Constitutional periods. I argue the activities of Poets and writers like Namik Kemal, and Semsettin Sami and Women poets Makbule Lem’an Hanim, Yasar Nezihe Bukulmez, Nigar Hanim, Ihsan Raif Hanim, and Sukufe Nihal for women to be seen in the field of literature. This article concludes that during the Tanzimat and Second Constitutional periods, women’s liberation was experienced in all aspects of life. Women poets pioneered the beginning of women’s poetry.
本文揭示了土耳其奥斯曼帝国坦济马特和第二次立宪时期女性在文学领域的权利、教育和女性形象,以及几位作家和女诗人的贡献。通过信件、机构和社会科学索引以及谷歌学者出版物,我展示了妇女如何获得教育机会,以及在Tanzimat和第二次宪法时期,妇女在文学领域所看到的法律和社会法规。我认为像Namik Kemal和Semsettin Sami这样的诗人和作家的活动以及女性诗人Makbule Lem an Hanim, Yasar Nezihe Bukulmez, Nigar Hanim, Ihsan Raif Hanim和Sukufe Nihal在文学领域被看到。本文的结论是,在坦济马特和第二次宪法时期,妇女解放在生活的各个方面都经历了。女性诗人开创了女性诗歌的开端。
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引用次数: 0
The Cannibal’s Antidote For Resentment: Diffracting Ressentiment Through Decolonial Thought 食人族对怨恨的解药:通过非殖民化思想来驱散怨恨
Pub Date : 2023-03-11 DOI: 10.56734/ijahss.v4n3a8
Pedro Brea
The purpose of this essay is to diffract ressentiment through decolonial theory. I would like to see what sort of light this sheds on the psychological undercurrents that impose barriers on colonial and decolonial thought, as well as on the conceptual dynamism of ressentiment. This essay is split into two different experiments in thought. The first will be to diffract ressentiment through the works of Gloria Anzaldúa, Édouard Glissant, and Gilles Deleuze. To this end, I will begin by providing an analysis of ressentiment as developed by Nietzsche in On the Genealogy of Morals and then supplement this with Deleuze’s analysis of ressentiment in Nietzsche & Philosophy. I will create a bridge with decolonial thought by interpreting Anzaldúa’s concept of the nopal de castilla and mestiza consciousness through the interpretive lens of ressentiment to show the affinity that exists between the work of Anzaldúa and Nietzsche. I will finish the first experiment by looking at ressentiment through some of the concepts Glissant offers us in the Poetics of Relation. In particular, I will argue that ressentiment resists the creolization of identity and culture, and that Glissant’s demand for the right to opacity for all is the sign of a thinking that has overcome ressentiment. The second experiment is to diffract ressentiment through Eduardo Viveiros de Castro’s Cannibal Metaphysics, beginning with an analysis of the most relevant points of that text for our discussion then putting our diffracted version of ressentiment in conversation with Amerindian perspectivism. However, this does not mean that I am aiming at a synthesis of ressentiment with Amerindian perspectivism. Rather, in the spirit of the Brazilian author’s post-structural anthropology, this essay sees only a disjunctive synthesis of the two: a ressentiment-becoming-Amerindian perspectivism and an Amerindian perspectivism-becoming-ressentiment (we will focus on developing the former). I hope that, by the end of this experiment, we may have a richer conceptual understanding of ressentiment by offering this concept an image of itself that only our decolonial thinkers and an Amerindian perspective can reveal.
这篇文章的目的是通过非殖民化理论来消除怨恨。我想看看这对给殖民主义和非殖民主义思想设置障碍的心理暗流以及怨恨的概念动力有什么样的启示。这篇文章分为两个不同的思想实验。首先是通过格洛丽亚Anzaldúa、Édouard格利桑特和吉尔·德勒兹的作品来解读怨恨。为此,我将首先提供尼采在《道德谱系》中对怨恨情绪的分析,然后用德勒兹在《尼采与哲学》中对怨恨情绪的分析进行补充。我将通过解释Anzaldúa的nopal de castilla和mesestiza意识的概念,通过怨恨的解释镜头,建立一个非殖民思想的桥梁,来展示Anzaldúa和尼采作品之间存在的亲和力。我将通过Glissant在《关系诗学》中提供给我们的一些概念来观察怨恨,以此结束第一个实验。特别是,我将论证怨恨抵制身份和文化的克里奥尔化,而Glissant对所有人不透明权利的要求是一种克服怨恨的思想的标志。第二个实验是通过Eduardo Viveiros de Castro的《食人形而上学》来分析怨恨,首先分析文本中最相关的点,然后将我们的怨恨的衍射版本与美洲印第安人的视角主义进行对话。然而,这并不意味着我的目标是将怨恨与美洲印第安人的观点结合起来。相反,在这位巴西作家的后结构人类学精神中,本文只看到了两者的分离综合:一种怨恨变成了美洲印第安人的视角主义和一种美洲印第安人的视角主义变成了怨恨(我们将重点关注前者的发展)。我希望,在这个实验结束时,我们可能会对怨恨有一个更丰富的概念性理解,为这个概念提供一个只有我们的非殖民化思想家和美洲印第安人的视角才能揭示的形象。
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引用次数: 0
China-Us Militarized Interstate Disputes (2001-2022): The Escalation Of The Great Power Rivalry 中美军事化州际争端(2001-2022):大国竞争的升级
Pub Date : 2023-03-11 DOI: 10.56734/ijahss.v4n3a6
Anh Thi Van Vu
Since the late 1990s, studying great power rivalry based on the approach from militarized interstate disputes (MIDs) has become increasingly prevalent. Also since the beginning of the 21st century, the competitive relationship between the US and China, the two leading great powers in Indo-Pacific, has become a focal point of studies in international relations. The escalation of the conflict is apparent in the economic realm and expanding into the security realm. To prove the increase of MIDs in China-US relations is to shed light on the escalation of this great power rivalry. It is argued in this article that the two sides have obviously engaged in a great power strategic rivalry since Obama’s adjustment of policy priority towards Asia-Pacific. Militarized disputes become increasingly frequent, displaying forces is the regular way the two leading great powers compete with each other, and the South China Sea and Taiwan Strait are the two points of tension.
自20世纪90年代末以来,基于军事化国家间争端(MIDs)研究大国竞争的方法日益流行。进入21世纪以来,印太地区两大主要大国美国与中国的竞争关系成为国际关系研究的热点。冲突的升级在经济领域是明显的,并正在扩大到安全领域。证明中美关系中MIDs的增加,是为了揭示中美大国对抗的升级。本文认为,自奥巴马调整亚太政策重心以来,中美双方明显处于大国战略对抗状态。军事化争端日益频繁,展示武力是两个主要大国相互竞争的常规方式,南海和台湾海峡是两个紧张点。
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引用次数: 0
The German University In Cairo (GUC) 开罗德国大学(GUC)
Pub Date : 2023-03-11 DOI: 10.56734/ijahss.v4n3a5
D. Fritsch
This story tells the preparations for the foundation phase, the opening, and operation of the German University in Cairo (GUC), a private enterprise looking back on a success story of about twenty years. Early 2001 the decision was made to establish the GUC under the patronage of the two German public universities Stuttgart and Ulm, with full support of the Ministry of Higher Education and Arts (MWK), BadenWurttemberg, Germany. GUC was opened on 5. October 2003 for the first 900 students, through an EgyptianGerman state inauguration ceremony, by the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt Hosni Mubarak, and the German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder. Five years after the opening GUC became already the leading private university in Egypt. Actually, about 13,000 students are enrolled and more than 2,000 graduates (Bachelors, Masters and PhDs) have been educated by GUC and got excellent positions in Egypt and other countries – for the pleasure of themselves, their families and finally GUC. The GUC is the biggest and most successful project of transnational education of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) – in 2015 about 42% of all students in German Transnational Education Projects were enrolled in GUC.
这个故事讲述了开罗德国大学(GUC)的筹备阶段,开业和运营,这是一家私营企业,回顾了大约20年的成功故事。2001年初,决定在斯图加特和乌尔姆两所德国公立大学的赞助下建立GUC,并得到德国巴登符腾堡州高等教育和艺术部(MWK)的全力支持。GUC于5日开业。2003年10月,阿拉伯埃及共和国总统穆巴拉克和德国总理施罗德为首批900名学生举行了埃及-德国国家就职典礼。在成立五年后,古古大学已经成为埃及领先的私立大学。实际上,大约有13000名在校生,2000多名毕业生(学士、硕士和博士)在埃及和其他国家获得了优秀的职位——为了他们自己、他们的家人和GUC的快乐。GUC是德国学术交流中心(DAAD)最大、最成功的跨国教育项目,2015年约42%的德国跨国教育项目学生在GUC就读。
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引用次数: 2
Texas School Social Workers: Who And Where Are They? 德州学校社工:他们是谁,在哪里?
Pub Date : 2023-03-11 DOI: 10.56734/ijahss.v4n3a1
George Padilla, Velma D. Menchaca, Astrid Gandaria
School social workers have a long history in American education and much research is needed to better understand their role and impact in schools. Texas schools employ one of the highest numbers of school social workers in the country, but there is also little to no research related to their demographics, working conditions, or effectiveness. Only one recent study on Texas school social workers was found in the research literature. This report analyzes Texas state reports, available to the public on the internet or by specific request from the Texas Education Agency, to develop a descriptive and exploratory overview of school social work implementation in Texas. The purpose of the report is to support increased understanding of Texas school social workers and incite further and deeper research into their work and success.
学校社会工作者在美国教育中有着悠久的历史,为了更好地了解他们在学校中的作用和影响,需要进行大量的研究。德克萨斯州的学校雇佣的学校社工人数是全国最多的,但也几乎没有关于他们的人口统计、工作条件或效率的研究。在研究文献中只发现了最近一项关于德克萨斯州学校社会工作者的研究。本报告分析了德克萨斯州的州报告,这些报告可以在互联网上向公众提供,也可以根据德克萨斯州教育局的具体要求,对德克萨斯州的学校社会工作实施情况进行描述性和探索性的概述。该报告的目的是支持增加对德克萨斯州学校社会工作者的了解,并鼓励对他们的工作和成功进行进一步深入的研究。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Arts, Humanities & Social Science
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