Pub Date : 2023-09-02DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8959
Shasoto Biswas, Prof. Dr. Engr. Muhibul Haque Bhuyan, Md. Kamrul Hassan
Aims: The objective of this research work is to design and develop an IoT-based automated solar panel cleaning and real-time monitoring system using a microcontroller to improve the output and efficiency of a solar module at a low cost. Study Design: Most of the time, dust over solar panels creates a barrier that obstructs the sun’s radiation and reduces their performance. As such, it is necessary to keep the solar panel clean to improve output power levels. We integrated the IoT technology along with a range of components, including a microcontroller, a NodeMCU, a servo motor, a DC motor-driven submersible pump, a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR), an LCD with driver IC, etc. to design the system. We developed the assembly language program for the microcontroller. Place and Duration of Study: The work was conducted individually under the supervisor of a faculty member as a part of the final project work of the Master of Engineering degree in Electrical and Electronic Engineering at American International University Bangladesh (AIUB), Dhaka, Bangladesh. The student conducted his research work at AIUB for two consecutive semesters from September 2022 to May 2023. Methodology: An LDR sensor detects the solar panel’s dirtiness and triggers the cleaning process through the microcontroller. The system monitors this continuously and real-time vital data is accessible to have some performance metrics, empowering timely maintenance actions to be triggered by the system and hence ensuring the maximum power output. The automated cleaning mechanism, driven by servo motors and mini submersible DC motor pumps, effectively removes dust and dirt from solar panels. An application was used to get real-time data through the internet to the user’s smartphone. Results: The server data is accessed to observe the system performance. The cost analysis shows that this system offers a cost-effective and sustainable solution for maintaining clean solar panels and optimizing power output. Conclusion: Such an automation system can contribute meaningfully to the progression of renewable power generation by significantly improving the efficiency and longevity of solar panels. Thus, we can have sustainable and efficient energy systems in the country by integrating IoT-based automation systems.
{"title":"IoT-Based Automated Solar Panel Cleaning and Monitoring Technique","authors":"Shasoto Biswas, Prof. Dr. Engr. Muhibul Haque Bhuyan, Md. Kamrul Hassan","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8959","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The objective of this research work is to design and develop an IoT-based automated solar panel cleaning and real-time monitoring system using a microcontroller to improve the output and efficiency of a solar module at a low cost. \u0000Study Design: Most of the time, dust over solar panels creates a barrier that obstructs the sun’s radiation and reduces their performance. As such, it is necessary to keep the solar panel clean to improve output power levels. We integrated the IoT technology along with a range of components, including a microcontroller, a NodeMCU, a servo motor, a DC motor-driven submersible pump, a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR), an LCD with driver IC, etc. to design the system. We developed the assembly language program for the microcontroller. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The work was conducted individually under the supervisor of a faculty member as a part of the final project work of the Master of Engineering degree in Electrical and Electronic Engineering at American International University Bangladesh (AIUB), Dhaka, Bangladesh. The student conducted his research work at AIUB for two consecutive semesters from September 2022 to May 2023. \u0000Methodology: An LDR sensor detects the solar panel’s dirtiness and triggers the cleaning process through the microcontroller. The system monitors this continuously and real-time vital data is accessible to have some performance metrics, empowering timely maintenance actions to be triggered by the system and hence ensuring the maximum power output. The automated cleaning mechanism, driven by servo motors and mini submersible DC motor pumps, effectively removes dust and dirt from solar panels. An application was used to get real-time data through the internet to the user’s smartphone. \u0000Results: The server data is accessed to observe the system performance. The cost analysis shows that this system offers a cost-effective and sustainable solution for maintaining clean solar panels and optimizing power output. \u0000Conclusion: Such an automation system can contribute meaningfully to the progression of renewable power generation by significantly improving the efficiency and longevity of solar panels. Thus, we can have sustainable and efficient energy systems in the country by integrating IoT-based automation systems.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127900291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8956
M. Bello, M. H. Bichi
The research is to develop a mathematical model for the decay of residual chlorine at the nodes and compare with results from Epanet 2.0. All the influencing parameters of initial chlorine Ccl(init(o)), bulk decay (Kb), wall decay (KW) and travel time (t), were well represented and the equation is developed applying the differential form of the first order chlorine decay model, describing reactions occurring in the bulk fluid and at the pipe wall, which was transformed in to chlorine concentration-based integral expression Ccl (t) =Ccl (o).e-kt , is the free chlorine (HOCL) concentration (mg/l) at time (t), which is also called the residual chlorine. is the chlorine concentration at time zero, which is the initial chlorine concentration in the entire water distribution systems. KW is the pipe wall decay coefficient of the particular water distribution pipe network directly affected by initial concentration. K is expressed in the study as the decay due to the quality of water, known as bulk decay coefficient (kb), per unit hour (t=1) at any particular node per hour. he developed mathematical model was a reflection of the reality in the study area Rcl (n)=Ccl (init). KW. е-Kb . The results of the model at nodes 31, 12, 13, 14, 18, 10, 17, 15, 20 and 21 are 0.18 mg/l, 0.19 mg/l, 0.19 mg/l, 0.19 mg/l, 0.19 mg/l, 0.19 mg/l, 0.20 mg/l, 0.19 mg/l, 0.20 mg/l, 0.19mg/l, respectively. Epanet 2.0 results for the same nodes were determine to be 0.17 mg/l, 0.21 mg/l, 0.22 mg/l, 0.20 mg/l, 0.21 mg/l, 0.21 mg/l, 0.25 mg/l, 0.24 mg/l, 0.20 mg/l, 0.20 mg/l, 0.18 mg/l. The correlation between the developed mathematical model residual chlorine results and Epanet 2.0 results gives moderate correlation of 0.561, signifying 60% pearson correlation and 0.01, 2-tailed significance level at 99%.
{"title":"Model Development for Residual Chlorine","authors":"M. Bello, M. H. Bichi","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8956","url":null,"abstract":"The research is to develop a mathematical model for the decay of residual chlorine at the nodes and compare with results from Epanet 2.0. All the influencing parameters of initial chlorine Ccl(init(o)), bulk decay (Kb), wall decay (KW) and travel time (t), were well represented and the equation is developed applying the differential form of the first order chlorine decay model, describing reactions occurring in the bulk fluid and at the pipe wall, which was transformed in to chlorine concentration-based integral expression Ccl (t) =Ccl (o).e-kt , is the free chlorine (HOCL) concentration (mg/l) at time (t), which is also called the residual chlorine. is the chlorine concentration at time zero, which is the initial chlorine concentration in the entire water distribution systems. KW is the pipe wall decay coefficient of the particular water distribution pipe network directly affected by initial concentration. K is expressed in the study as the decay due to the quality of water, known as bulk decay coefficient (kb), per unit hour (t=1) at any particular node per hour. he developed mathematical model was a reflection of the reality in the study area Rcl (n)=Ccl (init). KW. е-Kb . The results of the model at nodes 31, 12, 13, 14, 18, 10, 17, 15, 20 and 21 are 0.18 mg/l, 0.19 mg/l, 0.19 mg/l, 0.19 mg/l, 0.19 mg/l, 0.19 mg/l, 0.20 mg/l, 0.19 mg/l, 0.20 mg/l, 0.19mg/l, respectively. Epanet 2.0 results for the same nodes were determine to be 0.17 mg/l, 0.21 mg/l, 0.22 mg/l, 0.20 mg/l, 0.21 mg/l, 0.21 mg/l, 0.25 mg/l, 0.24 mg/l, 0.20 mg/l, 0.20 mg/l, 0.18 mg/l. The correlation between the developed mathematical model residual chlorine results and Epanet 2.0 results gives moderate correlation of 0.561, signifying 60% pearson correlation and 0.01, 2-tailed significance level at 99%.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115076610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-31DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8958
Olatunde Fatai Badmus
Effective program management is crucial in ensuring the successful execution of complex projects and initiatives in today's continuously changing corporate environment. Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology into program management procedures provides a viable path for improving decision-making, resource allocation, risk assessment, and overall project results. This article explores the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technology to program management, outlining its possible advantages, problems, and execution techniques. This study intends to give insights into the transformational effect of AI in improving Program management techniques by evaluating real-world examples and case studies.
{"title":"Application of AI Technology in Program Management","authors":"Olatunde Fatai Badmus","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8958","url":null,"abstract":"Effective program management is crucial in ensuring the successful execution of complex projects and initiatives in today's continuously changing corporate environment. Using Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology into program management procedures provides a viable path for improving decision-making, resource allocation, risk assessment, and overall project results. This article explores the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technology to program management, outlining its possible advantages, problems, and execution techniques. This study intends to give insights into the transformational effect of AI in improving Program management techniques by evaluating real-world examples and case studies.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133430706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8955
Teo Rong Xuan, Stephanie Ness
Artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain are two disruptive technologies that have emerged from the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4.0) and have brought about significant transformations in the industry. The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) with blockchain technology presents significant opportunities for the development of novel business models facilitated by digitalization. The current body of research pertaining to the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with blockchain technology is available, although there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the practicality and effectiveness of this integration within the business context. In order to bridge this existing knowledge gap, the primary objective of this research endeavor is to comprehensively analyze and delineate the various applications and advantages of integrated artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain platforms within diverse sectors of the business industry.
{"title":"Integration of Blockchain and AI: Exploring Application in the Digital Business","authors":"Teo Rong Xuan, Stephanie Ness","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8955","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain are two disruptive technologies that have emerged from the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4.0) and have brought about significant transformations in the industry. The convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) with blockchain technology presents significant opportunities for the development of novel business models facilitated by digitalization. The current body of research pertaining to the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with blockchain technology is available, although there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the practicality and effectiveness of this integration within the business context. In order to bridge this existing knowledge gap, the primary objective of this research endeavor is to comprehensively analyze and delineate the various applications and advantages of integrated artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain platforms within diverse sectors of the business industry.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"285 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122164538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8954
O. I. Peter, Aderotimi Oluwasesan Adeoti
This research focused on the evaluation of total quality management on the organizational performance of Ondo state wire and cable manufacturing Industries. A case study of Denki Wire and Cable Nigeria Limited, Akure, Ondo State. The issue of poor quality of products is a major problem in the wire and cable manufacturing industries in Nigeria which can be averted by genuine quality management for enhancing product quality. The study aimed to evaluate the extent to which the principles of total quality management implemented and the impact of total quality management principles on organizational performance. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The study relied on primary data generated by administering a structured questionnaire. The study population comprised forty-five (45) respondents from Denki Wire and Cable Nigeria Limited, Akure..The entire population was used for the study, hence, sampling was not employed. Three experts validated the instruments and a reliability of 0.86 was obtained using mean and standard deviation in answering the two research questions. The hypotheses were also tested using a t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled: “Total Quality Management on Organizational Performance Questionnaire” (TQMOPQ) developed by the researchers. The study relied on primary data which was generated through the administration of a structured questionnaire. The population of the study comprised of forty five (45) respondents from Denki wire and cable Nigeria limited. The result of the study shows that implementation of total quality management practices play an important role in enhancing organizational performance. In light of these findings, the following recommended were made all the total quality management principles must be implemented in order to achieve organization goal target, organization should see total quality management principle as a continuous project which should not be ignored, all staffs should join hand in the implementation of total quality management principle in the organization in order to achieve their goal target and satisfy its customers and management should engage in frequent training of employee in order to foster its quality attainment.
{"title":"Evaluation of Total Quality Management Practices on Organizational Performance of Wires and Cables Manufacturing Industries in Ondo State, Nigeria","authors":"O. I. Peter, Aderotimi Oluwasesan Adeoti","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8954","url":null,"abstract":"This research focused on the evaluation of total quality management on the organizational performance of Ondo state wire and cable manufacturing Industries. A case study of Denki Wire and Cable Nigeria Limited, Akure, Ondo State. The issue of poor quality of products is a major problem in the wire and cable manufacturing industries in Nigeria which can be averted by genuine quality management for enhancing product quality. The study aimed to evaluate the extent to which the principles of total quality management implemented and the impact of total quality management principles on organizational performance. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The study relied on primary data generated by administering a structured questionnaire. The study population comprised forty-five (45) respondents from Denki Wire and Cable Nigeria Limited, Akure..The entire population was used for the study, hence, sampling was not employed. Three experts validated the instruments and a reliability of 0.86 was obtained using mean and standard deviation in answering the two research questions. The hypotheses were also tested using a t-test at 0.05 level of significance. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire titled: “Total Quality Management on Organizational Performance Questionnaire” (TQMOPQ) developed by the researchers. The study relied on primary data which was generated through the administration of a structured questionnaire. The population of the study comprised of forty five (45) respondents from Denki wire and cable Nigeria limited. The result of the study shows that implementation of total quality management practices play an important role in enhancing organizational performance. In light of these findings, the following recommended were made all the total quality management principles must be implemented in order to achieve organization goal target, organization should see total quality management principle as a continuous project which should not be ignored, all staffs should join hand in the implementation of total quality management principle in the organization in order to achieve their goal target and satisfy its customers and management should engage in frequent training of employee in order to foster its quality attainment.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134309495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-26DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8953
Seun Akinfoluwe Babatunde, M. Onugba, F. Olutoge
The increased demand for infrastructure due to global population growth has resulted in the depletion of natural aggregate sources and the escalation in the cost of building materials. There is also the problem of environmental pollution as a result of wastes generated from agricultural activities. This has led to various studies aimed at investigating the use of waste materials as substitutes for natural aggregates in concrete. In this research, sawdust (SD) And coconut shell (CS) were used as partial replacements for fine and coarse aggregates respectively in concrete. Concrete cubes, cylinders and prisms were cast and tested for compressive, split-tensile and flexural strengths at 0% (control), 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% replacement of sand and granite by weight with SD and CS respectively, after curing in water for 7, 14 and 28 days. The results showed that as SD and CS increased in the matrix, the concrete's compressive, split-tensile and flexural strengths decreased. The modified mixes can however be used as economic alternatives for lightweight concrete production as the production cost reduces with an increase in the SD and CS in the matrix. An optimum of 10% substitution by weight of fine and coarse aggregates with SD and CS respectively is recommended for concrete production.
{"title":"Effect of Sawdust and Coconut Shell on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete","authors":"Seun Akinfoluwe Babatunde, M. Onugba, F. Olutoge","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i8953","url":null,"abstract":"The increased demand for infrastructure due to global population growth has resulted in the depletion of natural aggregate sources and the escalation in the cost of building materials. There is also the problem of environmental pollution as a result of wastes generated from agricultural activities. This has led to various studies aimed at investigating the use of waste materials as substitutes for natural aggregates in concrete. In this research, sawdust (SD) And coconut shell (CS) were used as partial replacements for fine and coarse aggregates respectively in concrete. Concrete cubes, cylinders and prisms were cast and tested for compressive, split-tensile and flexural strengths at 0% (control), 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% replacement of sand and granite by weight with SD and CS respectively, after curing in water for 7, 14 and 28 days. The results showed that as SD and CS increased in the matrix, the concrete's compressive, split-tensile and flexural strengths decreased. The modified mixes can however be used as economic alternatives for lightweight concrete production as the production cost reduces with an increase in the SD and CS in the matrix. An optimum of 10% substitution by weight of fine and coarse aggregates with SD and CS respectively is recommended for concrete production.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124007461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i7952
S. Nasnodkar, Burak Cinar, Stephanie Ness
Methods that utilize machine learning and artificial intelligence have transformed a wide variety of fields, including the field of toxicology. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling for toxicity prediction, adverse outcome pathway analysis, high-throughput screening, toxicogenomics, big data, and toxicological databases are just some of the areas that are covered in this review. By leveraging machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches, it is now possible to develop PBPK models for hundreds of chemicals in an efficient manner, to create in silico models to predict toxicity for a large number of chemicals with similar accuracies compared with In vivo animal experiments, and to analyze a large amount of data of various types (toxicogenomics, high-content image data, etc.) to generate new insights into toxicity mechanisms rapidly, which was previously impossible. This is an improvement over the previous situation The field of toxicological sciences faces a number of challenges that must be overcome before it can make further progress. These challenges include the following: (1) not all machine learning models are equally useful for a particular type of toxicology data; therefore, it is important to test different methods to determine the optimal approach; (2) the current toxicity prediction is primarily based on bioactivity classification (yes/no); therefore, additional studies are required to predict the intensity of effect or dose-response relationship.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Toxicology and Pharmacology","authors":"S. Nasnodkar, Burak Cinar, Stephanie Ness","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i7952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i7952","url":null,"abstract":"Methods that utilize machine learning and artificial intelligence have transformed a wide variety of fields, including the field of toxicology. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling for toxicity prediction, adverse outcome pathway analysis, high-throughput screening, toxicogenomics, big data, and toxicological databases are just some of the areas that are covered in this review. By leveraging machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches, it is now possible to develop PBPK models for hundreds of chemicals in an efficient manner, to create in silico models to predict toxicity for a large number of chemicals with similar accuracies compared with In vivo animal experiments, and to analyze a large amount of data of various types (toxicogenomics, high-content image data, etc.) to generate new insights into toxicity mechanisms rapidly, which was previously impossible. This is an improvement over the previous situation The field of toxicological sciences faces a number of challenges that must be overcome before it can make further progress. These challenges include the following: (1) not all machine learning models are equally useful for a particular type of toxicology data; therefore, it is important to test different methods to determine the optimal approach; (2) the current toxicity prediction is primarily based on bioactivity classification (yes/no); therefore, additional studies are required to predict the intensity of effect or dose-response relationship.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"488 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132305243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-21DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i7951
Winfred Adjardjah, Franklin Kummasah, Dawood Mohammed Abdallah, J. Addor
The use of technology has impacted on communication in so many ways. The advent of voice over internet protocols (VoIP) has made the world a global village where one can reach out to any part of the universe. But a challenge exists as to how to make communication and data transmission faster, the volume of traffic, bandwidth and latency in networks, that has to be transmitted between the sender and the receiver. The overall customer experience can be improved by the use of technology, which also makes it simpler to collect client information. Data packets are addressed and routed by the Internet Protocol (IP). This research aimed at deploying jitter, throughput, network traffic delay and bandwidth (JiTTraB) as a performance metrics to measure voice over internet protocols (VoIP) to measure the Quality of Service (QoS) of networks. This method prioritizes network traffic going through a router and providing acceptable service to most users in a quest to address VoIP concerns. In comparison to an existing university campus network (UCN), JiTTraB has a higher throughput, more data transmission at a given time with a minimal delay of about 0.001 seconds. However, UCN queues data with a high rate of delay before transmission. Data seem to crash considerably on the UCN due to network overload above its throughput margin and growth capacity. Thus, the proposed network design based on JiTTraB outperforms UCN in terms of transmission rate, throughput, bandwidth, delay and jitter. In addition, the JiTTraB communication network enhances QoS by performing better in close-quarters conversations than in far-quarters conversations. With an expansion reserve of 30%, the JiTTraB can handle up to 350 conversations securely while maintaining VoIP QoS standards without degrading the functionality of other network services or applications.
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of VoIP Analysis and Simulation","authors":"Winfred Adjardjah, Franklin Kummasah, Dawood Mohammed Abdallah, J. Addor","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i7951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i7951","url":null,"abstract":"The use of technology has impacted on communication in so many ways. The advent of voice over internet protocols (VoIP) has made the world a global village where one can reach out to any part of the universe. But a challenge exists as to how to make communication and data transmission faster, the volume of traffic, bandwidth and latency in networks, that has to be transmitted between the sender and the receiver. The overall customer experience can be improved by the use of technology, which also makes it simpler to collect client information. Data packets are addressed and routed by the Internet Protocol (IP). This research aimed at deploying jitter, throughput, network traffic delay and bandwidth (JiTTraB) as a performance metrics to measure voice over internet protocols (VoIP) to measure the Quality of Service (QoS) of networks. This method prioritizes network traffic going through a router and providing acceptable service to most users in a quest to address VoIP concerns. In comparison to an existing university campus network (UCN), JiTTraB has a higher throughput, more data transmission at a given time with a minimal delay of about 0.001 seconds. However, UCN queues data with a high rate of delay before transmission. Data seem to crash considerably on the UCN due to network overload above its throughput margin and growth capacity. Thus, the proposed network design based on JiTTraB outperforms UCN in terms of transmission rate, throughput, bandwidth, delay and jitter. In addition, the JiTTraB communication network enhances QoS by performing better in close-quarters conversations than in far-quarters conversations. With an expansion reserve of 30%, the JiTTraB can handle up to 350 conversations securely while maintaining VoIP QoS standards without degrading the functionality of other network services or applications.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128958403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-16DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i7950
K. Dozie, Stephen O. Ihekuna
This article examines decomposition with the additive model. The procedure of decomposition has involved the four basic components and requires a method that can adequately estimate and investigate the trend parameters, seasonal indices and residual component of the series. This article also consider test for seasonality in the additive model with exponential trend curve. The test is applied to the row and overall sample variances of the Buys-Ballot table to detect the presence of seasonal indices in time series.
{"title":"Decomposition with the Additive Model with Exponential Trend Curve and Detection of Seasonal Effect in Descriptive Time Series","authors":"K. Dozie, Stephen O. Ihekuna","doi":"10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i7950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i7950","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines decomposition with the additive model. The procedure of decomposition has involved the four basic components and requires a method that can adequately estimate and investigate the trend parameters, seasonal indices and residual component of the series. This article also consider test for seasonality in the additive model with exponential trend curve. The test is applied to the row and overall sample variances of the Buys-Ballot table to detect the presence of seasonal indices in time series.","PeriodicalId":340494,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Research and Reports","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133572182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i7948
K. Dölle, S. Lex, Nathaniel Button
Today energy and clean water is a requirement in all societies worldwide to run productive processes. This affects the natural environment negatively and requires establishing more environmentally sustainable processes to decrease dependency and preserve the natural environment. In this research approach a laboratory anaerobic aerobic effluent treatment system was designed, built, and started up with wastewater. After start-up the system was operated with prepared milk waste, liquid cow manure and wastewater at a hydraulic retention time of 3 days and 6 days. The laboratory anaerobic aerobic system was able to degrade the chemical oxygen demand, total solids and total suspended solids of all three influent liquids up to 95% and 98% for the 3-day and 6-day hydraulic retention time. Maximum total solids removal was 87.89% and 92.43% for the 3-day and 6-day hydraulic retention time. Total suspended solids removal yielded a maximum of 99.87 and 99.93% for the 3-day and 6-day hydraulic retention time. The anaerobic sludge blanket reactor of the system operated at a temperature of 38°C and a pH between 7.5 and 8.2 achieved a biogas CH4 content of 65% ± 5% and a maximum total biogas production of 2.23 ml/h for the milk waste at a 3-day hydraulic retention time and a minimum biogas production of 1.36 ml/h for the waste water the 3-day and 6-day HRT respectively. The operation of the designed laboratory anaerobic aerobic effluent treatment system showed that it is capable of reducing the effluent loading of a variety of waste streams as well as producing biogas that can be converted into bio-energy.
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