Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-215-222
Y. Chebotareva, Yu. A. Petrov, M. A. Rodina
Precocious puberty (PP) remains a challenging issue for pediatrics, particularly pediatric endocrinology, gynecology, and neurology due to its clinical and pathogenetic heterogeneity. And PP-associated psychosocial development of the girls also plays an important role. The article presents three case studies of pre-school age girls with precocious puberty amid organic brain syndrome, McCune-Albright syndrome, and pituitary cyst. In all cases thelarche was the main reason for contacting the doctor. The patient with organic brain syndrome had such a specific clinical feature as overweight and the patient with McCune-Albright syndrome — café-au-lait skin spots on the face, buttocks, and the left hand. These case studies demonstrate that for identifying girls with PP a multidisciplinary approach is needed. It will enable to examine a patient properly, make the correct diagnosis as early as possible, detect potential comorbidities and prescribe effective treatment, as well as to provide follow-up care including the assessment of physical and sexual development. Also, it is required to analyze hormonal profile and to perform pelvic ultrasound examination. The relationship between genetic and epigenetic factors in the development of these pathological conditions is discussed. KEYWORDS: precocious puberty, girls, thelarche, adrenarche, pituitary-hypothalamic-ovarian axis, epiphyseal tumor. FOR CITATION: Chebotareva Yu.Yu., Petrov Yu.A., Rodina M.A. Some aspects of precocious puberty in preschool-age girls. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(3):215–222 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-215-222.
{"title":"Some aspects of precocious puberty in preschool-age girls","authors":"Y. Chebotareva, Yu. A. Petrov, M. A. Rodina","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-215-222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-215-222","url":null,"abstract":"Precocious puberty (PP) remains a challenging issue for pediatrics, particularly pediatric endocrinology, gynecology, and neurology due to its clinical and pathogenetic heterogeneity. And PP-associated psychosocial development of the girls also plays an important role. The article presents three case studies of pre-school age girls with precocious puberty amid organic brain syndrome, McCune-Albright syndrome, and pituitary cyst. In all cases thelarche was the main reason for contacting the doctor. The patient with organic brain syndrome had such a specific clinical feature as overweight and the patient with McCune-Albright syndrome — café-au-lait skin spots on the face, buttocks, and the left hand. These case studies demonstrate that for identifying girls with PP a multidisciplinary approach is needed. It will enable to examine a patient properly, make the correct diagnosis as early as possible, detect potential comorbidities and prescribe effective treatment, as well as to provide follow-up care including the assessment of physical and sexual development. Also, it is required to analyze hormonal profile and to perform pelvic ultrasound examination. The relationship between genetic and epigenetic factors in the development of these pathological conditions is discussed. KEYWORDS: precocious puberty, girls, thelarche, adrenarche, pituitary-hypothalamic-ovarian axis, epiphyseal tumor. FOR CITATION: Chebotareva Yu.Yu., Petrov Yu.A., Rodina M.A. Some aspects of precocious puberty in preschool-age girls. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(3):215–222 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-215-222.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69550239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-253-261
I. Zakharova, I. Berezhnaya, E. Skorobogatova
Nowadays, rational, balanced nutrition and fortified foods are becoming increasingly popular among physicians of different specialties who have medical practice settings throughout the world. Even earlier, these food shave been recommended for the prevention of multiple disorders, including such socially significant diseases as myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, obesity, cancer, and allergy. Trends of the past few decades have demonstrated that functional nutrition will provide most benefits if it is started from early childhood. As elsewhere in the world, novel probiotics are regularly developed in Russia as targeted therapies. The use of fermented milk-based products fortified by probiotics like S. Thermophilus FD DVS nutrish® La-5® (Lactobacillus acidophilus), Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis ВВ-12 in baby formulae helps to achieve a balanced diet, develop positive nutritional behavior and to reduce the rate and severity of infectious and allergic diseases in children. The National program for optimizing nutrition of children in the Russian Federation serves as guide for doctors and parents allowing them to select the best products available on the market of commercially produced foods for infants and children. The article provides a definition of functional nutrition and characteristics of fermented foods in children’s diet. It also describes effects of various probiotic strains in the line of functional baby food. KEYWORDS: probiotics, S. Thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, functional baby food, fermented milk products for complementary feeding, biolact. FOR CITATION: Zakharova I.N., Berezhnaya I.V., Skorobogatova E.V. Fermented milk-based baby drinks fortified by prebiotics and probiotics: impact on the health of infants and young children. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(3):253–261 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-253-261.
{"title":"Fermented milk-based baby drinks fortified by prebiotics and probiotics: impact on the health of infants and young children","authors":"I. Zakharova, I. Berezhnaya, E. Skorobogatova","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-253-261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-253-261","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, rational, balanced nutrition and fortified foods are becoming increasingly popular among physicians of different specialties who have medical practice settings throughout the world. Even earlier, these food shave been recommended for the prevention of multiple disorders, including such socially significant diseases as myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, obesity, cancer, and allergy. Trends of the past few decades have demonstrated that functional nutrition will provide most benefits if it is started from early childhood. As elsewhere in the world, novel probiotics are regularly developed in Russia as targeted therapies. The use of fermented milk-based products fortified by probiotics like S. Thermophilus FD DVS nutrish® La-5® (Lactobacillus acidophilus), Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis ВВ-12 in baby formulae helps to achieve a balanced diet, develop positive nutritional behavior and to reduce the rate and severity of infectious and allergic diseases in children. The National program for optimizing nutrition of children in the Russian Federation serves as guide for doctors and parents allowing them to select the best products available on the market of commercially produced foods for infants and children. The article provides a definition of functional nutrition and characteristics of fermented foods in children’s diet. It also describes effects of various probiotic strains in the line of functional baby food. KEYWORDS: probiotics, S. Thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, functional baby food, fermented milk products for complementary feeding, biolact. FOR CITATION: Zakharova I.N., Berezhnaya I.V., Skorobogatova E.V. Fermented milk-based baby drinks fortified by prebiotics and probiotics: impact on the health of infants and young children. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(3):253–261 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-253-261.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69550454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-262-269
G. S. Karpovich, A. Shestakov, E. Krasnova
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a potentially fatal disease affecting multiple organs and systems which is induced by the dysregulation of the immune response due to mutations in the genes controlling cytolytic function. This leads to the abnormal activation of cytotoxic T cells, monocytes/macrophages, and the development of a systemic inflammatory response. In some cases, patients with HLH require emergency therapy in intensive care or resuscitation units. The article highlights the issues of HLH etiopathogenesis, its clinical, diagnostic and treatment aspects. As association was found between secondary HLH and infections caused by the herpesvirus group. The diagnosis of this condition is challenging because of its nonspecific symptoms, especially in early stages of the disease, which leads to an uncertain prognosis. The authors present case reports of two pediatric patients with secondary HLH induced by herpesvirus mixed infection. The clinical cases were characterized by the manifestations of acute dual infection with Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus, and HLH symptoms that were consistent with the diagnostic criteria of the disease described in the article. For selecting an adequate therapy, it is necessary to conduct high-quality comprehensive diagnostic testing with the involvement of hematologists, rheumatologists. and oncologists. KEYWORDS: hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, infectious diseases, herpes virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, hematology, mixed infection. FOR CITATION: Karpovich G.S., Shestakov A.E., Krasnova E.I. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with herpes infection. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(3):262–269 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-262-269.
{"title":"Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with herpes infection","authors":"G. S. Karpovich, A. Shestakov, E. Krasnova","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-262-269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-262-269","url":null,"abstract":"Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a potentially fatal disease affecting multiple organs and systems which is induced by the dysregulation of the immune response due to mutations in the genes controlling cytolytic function. This leads to the abnormal activation of cytotoxic T cells, monocytes/macrophages, and the development of a systemic inflammatory response. In some cases, patients with HLH require emergency therapy in intensive care or resuscitation units. The article highlights the issues of HLH etiopathogenesis, its clinical, diagnostic and treatment aspects. As association was found between secondary HLH and infections caused by the herpesvirus group. The diagnosis of this condition is challenging because of its nonspecific symptoms, especially in early stages of the disease, which leads to an uncertain prognosis. The authors present case reports of two pediatric patients with secondary HLH induced by herpesvirus mixed infection. The clinical cases were characterized by the manifestations of acute dual infection with Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus, and HLH symptoms that were consistent with the diagnostic criteria of the disease described in the article. For selecting an adequate therapy, it is necessary to conduct high-quality comprehensive diagnostic testing with the involvement of hematologists, rheumatologists. and oncologists. KEYWORDS: hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, infectious diseases, herpes virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, hematology, mixed infection. FOR CITATION: Karpovich G.S., Shestakov A.E., Krasnova E.I. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with herpes infection. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(3):262–269 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-262-269.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69550464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-309-319
Y. Dobrokhotova, O. Gromova, A. Dukhanin, Z. Kumykova, E. Sheremetyeva, G. Tabeeva
Alterations in reproductive functions are associated with metabolic disorders, eating habits and lifestyle. In this context, a growing body of research is currently focused on the use of various vitamins and vitamin-like substances, such as inositol, in female patients with alterations in reproductive functions and metabolic disorders. Co-administration of inositol with pathogenetic therapy can be recommended to women of reproductive age with metabolic syndrome, as an additional option for preserving fertility and activating ovarian functions in young female patients with diminished ovarian reserve. Myoinositol and D-chiroinositol are inositol stereoisomers demonstrating the highest metabolic activity. The beneficial ratio of Myoinositol (MI) to D-chiroinositol (DCI) ensures the healthy state of organs and tissues, while a misbalance or depletion of inositol levels can cause various diseases. Combination of MI and DCI in a 5:1 ratio with manganese and folic acid is an original non-hormonal formula designed to improve functional state of the female reproductive system as well as carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. In addition, this combination should be considered as a promising alternative for the management of metabolic disorders in perimenopausal women KEYWORDS: reproductive function, metabolism, inositol, myoinositol, D-chiroinositol, polycystic ovary syndrome, ovarian reserve, menopause, metabolic syndrome, manganese, folic acid. FOR CITATION: Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Gromova O.A., Dukhanin A.S. et al. Inositols: pharmacology and findings of clinical trials. Current evidence and prospects. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(4):309–319 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5- 4-309-319.
{"title":"Inositols: pharmacology and findings of clinical trials. Current evidence and prospects","authors":"Y. Dobrokhotova, O. Gromova, A. Dukhanin, Z. Kumykova, E. Sheremetyeva, G. Tabeeva","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-309-319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-309-319","url":null,"abstract":"Alterations in reproductive functions are associated with metabolic disorders, eating habits and lifestyle. In this context, a growing body of research is currently focused on the use of various vitamins and vitamin-like substances, such as inositol, in female patients with alterations in reproductive functions and metabolic disorders. Co-administration of inositol with pathogenetic therapy can be recommended to women of reproductive age with metabolic syndrome, as an additional option for preserving fertility and activating ovarian functions in young female patients with diminished ovarian reserve. Myoinositol and D-chiroinositol are inositol stereoisomers demonstrating the highest metabolic activity. The beneficial ratio of Myoinositol (MI) to D-chiroinositol (DCI) ensures the healthy state of organs and tissues, while a misbalance or depletion of inositol levels can cause various diseases. Combination of MI and DCI in a 5:1 ratio with manganese and folic acid is an original non-hormonal formula designed to improve functional state of the female reproductive system as well as carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. In addition, this combination should be considered as a promising alternative for the management of metabolic disorders in perimenopausal women KEYWORDS: reproductive function, metabolism, inositol, myoinositol, D-chiroinositol, polycystic ovary syndrome, ovarian reserve, menopause, metabolic syndrome, manganese, folic acid. FOR CITATION: Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Gromova O.A., Dukhanin A.S. et al. Inositols: pharmacology and findings of clinical trials. Current evidence and prospects. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(4):309–319 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5- 4-309-319.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69550623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-358-365
A. Zaplatnikov, M.N. Podzolkova, M.A. Ponimanskaya, Yulia V. Denisova, A. V. Dmitriev, A.A. Dement’ev, Z. Chabaidze, D.N. Smirnov
Congenital anemia is one of the major interdisciplinary problems of modern medicine. The aim of this publication is to outline the current concepts of early diagnosis of congenital anemia for their introduction in obstetric care practices. As a result, it will be possible to improve the disease prognosis and, in general, to reduce perinatal losses. Congenital anemias include those developed in the ante- and/or intranatal period. The main causes of congenital anemia comprise fetal blood loss, severe forms of intrauterine infections and hemolytic disease of the fetus. It is specified that the most common cause of congenital anemia is fetal blood loss. Prenatal fetal blood loss can be categorized as transplacental (fetal-maternal), intraplacental, retroplacental, fetal-fetal (in case of multifetal monochorionic pregnancy) and iatrogenic (rare complications of the invasive methods of patient examination and treatment). Fetal blood loss during delivery may be caused by various damages and/or disorders of the umbilical cord (rupture, hematoma) and/or the placenta (placental presentation or abruption, chorioangioma, etc.), as well as hemorrhages and bleedings (intracranial, into internal organs, etc.) of the fetus in case of abnormal labor and/or severe hypoxia. The article highlights the current verification criteria of congenital anemia and an algorithm of its diagnosis KEYWORDS: anemia, immune hydrops fetalis, intrauterine infections, congenital anemia, complete blood count, fetal blood loss, non-immune hydrops fetalis, newborn infant, posthemorrhagic anemia. FOR CITATION: Zaplatnikov A.L., Podzolkova M.N., Ponimanskaya M.A. et al. Congenital anemia: a diagnostic algorithm. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(4):358–365 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-358-365.
{"title":"Congenital anemia: a diagnostic algorithm","authors":"A. Zaplatnikov, M.N. Podzolkova, M.A. Ponimanskaya, Yulia V. Denisova, A. V. Dmitriev, A.A. Dement’ev, Z. Chabaidze, D.N. Smirnov","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-358-365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-358-365","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital anemia is one of the major interdisciplinary problems of modern medicine. The aim of this publication is to outline the current concepts of early diagnosis of congenital anemia for their introduction in obstetric care practices. As a result, it will be possible to improve the disease prognosis and, in general, to reduce perinatal losses. Congenital anemias include those developed in the ante- and/or intranatal period. The main causes of congenital anemia comprise fetal blood loss, severe forms of intrauterine infections and hemolytic disease of the fetus. It is specified that the most common cause of congenital anemia is fetal blood loss. Prenatal fetal blood loss can be categorized as transplacental (fetal-maternal), intraplacental, retroplacental, fetal-fetal (in case of multifetal monochorionic pregnancy) and iatrogenic (rare complications of the invasive methods of patient examination and treatment). Fetal blood loss during delivery may be caused by various damages and/or disorders of the umbilical cord (rupture, hematoma) and/or the placenta (placental presentation or abruption, chorioangioma, etc.), as well as hemorrhages and bleedings (intracranial, into internal organs, etc.) of the fetus in case of abnormal labor and/or severe hypoxia. The article highlights the current verification criteria of congenital anemia and an algorithm of its diagnosis KEYWORDS: anemia, immune hydrops fetalis, intrauterine infections, congenital anemia, complete blood count, fetal blood loss, non-immune hydrops fetalis, newborn infant, posthemorrhagic anemia. FOR CITATION: Zaplatnikov A.L., Podzolkova M.N., Ponimanskaya M.A. et al. Congenital anemia: a diagnostic algorithm. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(4):358–365 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-358-365.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69551080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-332-339
A. Levina, I. Babachenko, N. Skripchenko, T. A. Chebotareva, O. Demina
Background: therapy for frequently ill children (FIC) with chronic herpesvirus infection includes antivirals and immunomodulators as these patients are considered immunocompromised. According to our data based on the prevalence of diseases and the viral replication activity, therapy may fail in 22% of cases. Aim: to identify a spectrum of rare genetic variants associated with primary immunodeficiency (PID) detected in FIC with stable, active persistence of herpesvirus infections that were resistant to repeat courses of antiviral and immunotropic therapy Patients and Methods: DNA samples of 33 frequently ill children with chronic herpesvirus infection who did not respond to therapy were analyzed using targeted high-throughput multigene sequencing to identify mutations in PID-associated genes. Results: pathogenic variants matching the potential diagnosis of PID were identified in two (6.1%) children. Rare genetic variants associated with the development of autoinflammatory diseases were found in 54.5% of cases. The p.Gln705Lys NLRP3 gene variant was the most common finding — it was detected in 5 (15.2%) children. Rare variants of the MEFV gene (MEFV p.Thr767Ile and MEFV p.Lys695Arg) were found in three (9.2%) children. In seven (21.2%) children rare variants of the NOD2 gene were identified, in four of them (12.2%) it was NOD2 p.Leu1007fs. Conclusions: the inefficiency of therapy in frequently ill children with chronic herpesvirus infection could be associated with characteristics of the innate immune system. Such children should be referred to immunology consultant and undergo molecular genetic testing. The detection of rare genetic variants associated with autoinflammatory diseases in more than half of the patients indicates that frequent (occurring every month) diseases with fever may mimic hidden or sometimes typical autoinflammatory diseases, despite the detection of the markers of viral and bacterial agents in a child KEYWORDS: frequently ill children, chronic herpesvirus infection, rare genetic variants, primary immunodeficiency. FOR CITATION: Levina A.S., Babachenko I.V., Skripchenko N.V. et al. Therapy of chronic herpesvirus infection in frequently ill children. Possible causes of inefficiency. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(4):332–339 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430- 2022-5-4-332-339.
{"title":"Therapy of chronic herpesvirus infection in frequently ill children. Possible causes of inefficiency","authors":"A. Levina, I. Babachenko, N. Skripchenko, T. A. Chebotareva, O. Demina","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-332-339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-4-332-339","url":null,"abstract":"Background: therapy for frequently ill children (FIC) with chronic herpesvirus infection includes antivirals and immunomodulators as these patients are considered immunocompromised. According to our data based on the prevalence of diseases and the viral replication activity, therapy may fail in 22% of cases. Aim: to identify a spectrum of rare genetic variants associated with primary immunodeficiency (PID) detected in FIC with stable, active persistence of herpesvirus infections that were resistant to repeat courses of antiviral and immunotropic therapy Patients and Methods: DNA samples of 33 frequently ill children with chronic herpesvirus infection who did not respond to therapy were analyzed using targeted high-throughput multigene sequencing to identify mutations in PID-associated genes. Results: pathogenic variants matching the potential diagnosis of PID were identified in two (6.1%) children. Rare genetic variants associated with the development of autoinflammatory diseases were found in 54.5% of cases. The p.Gln705Lys NLRP3 gene variant was the most common finding — it was detected in 5 (15.2%) children. Rare variants of the MEFV gene (MEFV p.Thr767Ile and MEFV p.Lys695Arg) were found in three (9.2%) children. In seven (21.2%) children rare variants of the NOD2 gene were identified, in four of them (12.2%) it was NOD2 p.Leu1007fs. Conclusions: the inefficiency of therapy in frequently ill children with chronic herpesvirus infection could be associated with characteristics of the innate immune system. Such children should be referred to immunology consultant and undergo molecular genetic testing. The detection of rare genetic variants associated with autoinflammatory diseases in more than half of the patients indicates that frequent (occurring every month) diseases with fever may mimic hidden or sometimes typical autoinflammatory diseases, despite the detection of the markers of viral and bacterial agents in a child KEYWORDS: frequently ill children, chronic herpesvirus infection, rare genetic variants, primary immunodeficiency. FOR CITATION: Levina A.S., Babachenko I.V., Skripchenko N.V. et al. Therapy of chronic herpesvirus infection in frequently ill children. Possible causes of inefficiency. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(4):332–339 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430- 2022-5-4-332-339.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69551106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-46-50
I. B. Manukhin, E. I. Manukhina, I. R. Safaryan, M. Ovakimyan
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) ranks first among gynecological disorders. Establishing intimate health prevents inflammatory diseases of the female reproductive system. Obstetricians and gynecologists are significantly responsible for maintaining intimate health and developing personal hygiene practices. This paper highlights intimate female health. The authors describe personal hygiene practices and intimate ethics in women of reproductive age. These habits are essential for preventing vaginal infections. Patient education contributes to the development of hygiene practices and helps take responsibility for reproductive health. Intimate hygiene maintains the healthy mucosal barrier required for normal reproductive function and prevents vaginal infections. Specific products maintaining normal pH and natural vaginal microflora (e.g., natural lactic acid-based) are recommended for intimate hygiene. Lactic acid favors the growth of Lactobacilli so that its gel can be used to prevent vaginal dysbiosis. The balanced composition provides effective hygiene of the intimate area and prevents vaginal infections. Daily use of gel is the key to intimate female health. KEYWORDS: female health, intimate hygiene, vaginal infections, vaginal microflora, lactic acid, vaginal pH, chlorohexidin, intimate hygiene gel. FOR CITATION: Manukhin I.B., Manukhina E.I., Safaryan I.R., Ovakimyan M.A. Female intimate hygiene is a relevant addition to prevent vulvovaginitis. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(1):46–50 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-46-50.
{"title":"Female intimate hygiene is a relevant addition to prevent vulvovaginitis","authors":"I. B. Manukhin, E. I. Manukhina, I. R. Safaryan, M. Ovakimyan","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-46-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-46-50","url":null,"abstract":"Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) ranks first among gynecological disorders. Establishing intimate health prevents inflammatory diseases of the female reproductive system. Obstetricians and gynecologists are significantly responsible for maintaining intimate health and developing personal hygiene practices. This paper highlights intimate female health. The authors describe personal hygiene practices and intimate ethics in women of reproductive age. These habits are essential for preventing vaginal infections. Patient education contributes to the development of hygiene practices and helps take responsibility for reproductive health. Intimate hygiene maintains the healthy mucosal barrier required for normal reproductive function and prevents vaginal infections. Specific products maintaining normal pH and natural vaginal microflora (e.g., natural lactic acid-based) are recommended for intimate hygiene. Lactic acid favors the growth of Lactobacilli so that its gel can be used to prevent vaginal dysbiosis. The balanced composition provides effective hygiene of the intimate area and prevents vaginal infections. Daily use of gel is the key to intimate female health. KEYWORDS: female health, intimate hygiene, vaginal infections, vaginal microflora, lactic acid, vaginal pH, chlorohexidin, intimate hygiene gel. FOR CITATION: Manukhin I.B., Manukhina E.I., Safaryan I.R., Ovakimyan M.A. Female intimate hygiene is a relevant addition to prevent vulvovaginitis. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(1):46–50 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-46-50.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69548100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-63-71
G. Santalova, P. A. Lebedev, A. Garanin, A. Lyamin, M. E. Kuzin
Infection caused by group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) is characterized by significant diversity of clinical presentations accounted for by different GABHS strains and individual patients’ predisposition to immune inflammation. This paper reviews current data on streptococcal infection and poststreptococcal cardiac and non-cardiac complications and describes early diagnostic tools. Superficial infections are the most common forms (particularly in pediatrics) manifested as pharyngitis, tonsillitis, otitis, or sinusitis. Invasive infections (pneumonia, necrotizing fasciitis) are potentially lethal conditions accompanied by bacteremia and generalized inflammation. Strains producing exotoxins (GABHS superantigens) provoke scarlet fever and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. The primary burden of cardiac complications of GABHS infections is still chronic rheumatic heart disease resulting from undiagnosed and untreated acute rheumatic fever. Valvulitis underlying cardiac complications have a subclinical course, requiring echocardiography to establish the diagnosis. Antibacterial treatment with β-lactam antibiotics as a first-line treatment for GABHS infection and prevention of cardiac and non-cardiac complications increase the relevance of early etiological diagnosis. These tools are clinical syndrome scale, culture, and rapid diagnostic tests based on streptococcal DNA and antigen detection. KEYWORDS: group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus, manifestations and complications of streptococcal infections, acute rheumatic fever, chronic rheumatic heart disease. FOR CITATION: Santalova G.V., Lebedev P.A., Garanin A.A. et al. Cardiac and non-cardiac manifestations of infection caused bygroup A β-hemolytic Streptococcus. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(1):63–71 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-63-71.
{"title":"Cardiac and non-cardiac manifestations of infection caused by group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus","authors":"G. Santalova, P. A. Lebedev, A. Garanin, A. Lyamin, M. E. Kuzin","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-63-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-63-71","url":null,"abstract":"Infection caused by group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS) is characterized by significant diversity of clinical presentations accounted for by different GABHS strains and individual patients’ predisposition to immune inflammation. This paper reviews current data on streptococcal infection and poststreptococcal cardiac and non-cardiac complications and describes early diagnostic tools. Superficial infections are the most common forms (particularly in pediatrics) manifested as pharyngitis, tonsillitis, otitis, or sinusitis. Invasive infections (pneumonia, necrotizing fasciitis) are potentially lethal conditions accompanied by bacteremia and generalized inflammation. Strains producing exotoxins (GABHS superantigens) provoke scarlet fever and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. The primary burden of cardiac complications of GABHS infections is still chronic rheumatic heart disease resulting from undiagnosed and untreated acute rheumatic fever. Valvulitis underlying cardiac complications have a subclinical course, requiring echocardiography to establish the diagnosis. Antibacterial treatment with β-lactam antibiotics as a first-line treatment for GABHS infection and prevention of cardiac and non-cardiac complications increase the relevance of early etiological diagnosis. These tools are clinical syndrome scale, culture, and rapid diagnostic tests based on streptococcal DNA and antigen detection. KEYWORDS: group A β-hemolytic Streptococcus, manifestations and complications of streptococcal infections, acute rheumatic fever, chronic rheumatic heart disease. FOR CITATION: Santalova G.V., Lebedev P.A., Garanin A.A. et al. Cardiac and non-cardiac manifestations of infection caused bygroup A β-hemolytic Streptococcus. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(1):63–71 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-63-71.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69548897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-72-77
S. V. Nikolaeva, E. V. Kanner, E. K. Shushakova, A. Ploskireva
Probiotics are living organisms that favor human health if administered in adequate amounts. In recent years, mechanisms of action of probiotics have been described. Moreover, strong evidence of their efficacy for preventing intestinal and respiratory infections, managing allergic and gastrointestinal disorders, and other pathologic conditions in children of different years was retrieved. Complex, physiological effects probiotics (if microbial strains are to be carefully selected and monitored for safety) contributed to the emergence of many probiotic preparations on the market. Lactobacillus reuteri, a well-known species of Lactobacillus, modulates immune response modulation, prevents infections and diseases, and is beneficial to human health. This paper addresses critical evidence of the efficacy of L. reuteri in children. Numerous clinical studies established its safety and tolerability. L. reuteri is effective for preventing and treating many diseases, including infantile colic, diarrhea, functional abdominal pain, atopic dermatitis, and allergy. L. reuteri is considered one of the available and effective medications for colic and other functional gastrointestinal disorders in children. KEYWORDS: children, probiotics, Lactobacillus reuteri, infantile colic, diarrhea, atopic dermatitis, allergy. FOR CITATION: Nikolaeva S.V., Kanner E.V., Shushakova E.K., Ploskireva A.A. One strain of L. reuteri implies many options. Important issues in pediatrics. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(1):72–77 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-72-77.
{"title":"One strain of L. reuteri implies many options. Important issues in pediatrics","authors":"S. V. Nikolaeva, E. V. Kanner, E. K. Shushakova, A. Ploskireva","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-72-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-72-77","url":null,"abstract":"Probiotics are living organisms that favor human health if administered in adequate amounts. In recent years, mechanisms of action of probiotics have been described. Moreover, strong evidence of their efficacy for preventing intestinal and respiratory infections, managing allergic and gastrointestinal disorders, and other pathologic conditions in children of different years was retrieved. Complex, physiological effects probiotics (if microbial strains are to be carefully selected and monitored for safety) contributed to the emergence of many probiotic preparations on the market. Lactobacillus reuteri, a well-known species of Lactobacillus, modulates immune response modulation, prevents infections and diseases, and is beneficial to human health. This paper addresses critical evidence of the efficacy of L. reuteri in children. Numerous clinical studies established its safety and tolerability. L. reuteri is effective for preventing and treating many diseases, including infantile colic, diarrhea, functional abdominal pain, atopic dermatitis, and allergy. L. reuteri is considered one of the available and effective medications for colic and other functional gastrointestinal disorders in children. KEYWORDS: children, probiotics, Lactobacillus reuteri, infantile colic, diarrhea, atopic dermatitis, allergy. FOR CITATION: Nikolaeva S.V., Kanner E.V., Shushakova E.K., Ploskireva A.A. One strain of L. reuteri implies many options. Important issues in pediatrics. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(1):72–77 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-1-72-77.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"304 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69549356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-182-187
E. Kudinova
Aim: to identify the content of vitamins and micronutrients in the blood of young female patients. Patients and Methods: a prospective single-center study included young female patients aged 18–24 years with complaints of menstrual disorders (MD) or manifestations of androgen-dependent dermopathy (acne, seborrhea, alopecia). Clinical, anamnestic and anthropometric parameters, hormonal profile involved in the realization of reproductive function, a number of biochemical blood parameters, and pelvic ultrasound data were evaluated. Results: the study included 133 female patients divided into 4 groups. Group 1 (n=53) consisted of female patients with MD, group 2 (n=44) — women with manifestations of hyperandrogenism (HA; acne and post-acne, alopecia, seborrhea) and MD, group 3 (n=9) — female patients with HA manifestations without MD, group 4 (n=27) — female patients without HA and MD (conditionally healthy). 41% of female patients of the 1st and 2nd groups and 44% of the 3rd group showed signs of an increase in the ovarian volume and changes in their structure (multifollicular or polycystic ovaries). Echographic signs of anovulation were detected in 26.1, 32.3 and 35.0% of female patients in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Comparison of the androgenic steroid level in the groups did not reveal statistically significant differences, however, there were borderline cortisol levels and higher values of plasma 17-OH progesterone (vs the group 1) in groups 2 and 3. Values of gonadotropins did not differ significantly, but the LH/FSH ratio was higher in group 2, although unreliable. Hyperprolactinemia was detected in every fourth female patient of groups 1, 2, 3 (value range from 737 to 1079 mIU/L). 25(OH)D content was reduced in all three groups, amounting to 16.4±8.4, 24.7±13.2 and 11.4±4.5 ng/mL, respectively. Although homocysteine levels were borderline (11.5±2.9, 9.7±2.8 and 9.4±2.7 μmol/L), they differed statistically significantly (p<0.0002) in the groups. Besides, borderline low levels of folic acid, vitamin B12 and serum ferritin were found in groups 1, 2 and 3. Conclusion: the disorders detected in women with MD and HA should be taken into account when forming the treatment tactics. KEYWORDS: menstrual disorders, hyperandrogenism, homocysteine, ferritin, vitamin D, B vitamins. FOR CITATION: Kudinova E.G. Deficiency of vitamins and micronutrients and reproductive health in women. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(3):182–187 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-182-187.
{"title":"Deficiency of vitamins and micronutrients and reproductive health in women","authors":"E. Kudinova","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-182-187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-182-187","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to identify the content of vitamins and micronutrients in the blood of young female patients. Patients and Methods: a prospective single-center study included young female patients aged 18–24 years with complaints of menstrual disorders (MD) or manifestations of androgen-dependent dermopathy (acne, seborrhea, alopecia). Clinical, anamnestic and anthropometric parameters, hormonal profile involved in the realization of reproductive function, a number of biochemical blood parameters, and pelvic ultrasound data were evaluated. Results: the study included 133 female patients divided into 4 groups. Group 1 (n=53) consisted of female patients with MD, group 2 (n=44) — women with manifestations of hyperandrogenism (HA; acne and post-acne, alopecia, seborrhea) and MD, group 3 (n=9) — female patients with HA manifestations without MD, group 4 (n=27) — female patients without HA and MD (conditionally healthy). 41% of female patients of the 1st and 2nd groups and 44% of the 3rd group showed signs of an increase in the ovarian volume and changes in their structure (multifollicular or polycystic ovaries). Echographic signs of anovulation were detected in 26.1, 32.3 and 35.0% of female patients in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Comparison of the androgenic steroid level in the groups did not reveal statistically significant differences, however, there were borderline cortisol levels and higher values of plasma 17-OH progesterone (vs the group 1) in groups 2 and 3. Values of gonadotropins did not differ significantly, but the LH/FSH ratio was higher in group 2, although unreliable. Hyperprolactinemia was detected in every fourth female patient of groups 1, 2, 3 (value range from 737 to 1079 mIU/L). 25(OH)D content was reduced in all three groups, amounting to 16.4±8.4, 24.7±13.2 and 11.4±4.5 ng/mL, respectively. Although homocysteine levels were borderline (11.5±2.9, 9.7±2.8 and 9.4±2.7 μmol/L), they differed statistically significantly (p<0.0002) in the groups. Besides, borderline low levels of folic acid, vitamin B12 and serum ferritin were found in groups 1, 2 and 3. Conclusion: the disorders detected in women with MD and HA should be taken into account when forming the treatment tactics. KEYWORDS: menstrual disorders, hyperandrogenism, homocysteine, ferritin, vitamin D, B vitamins. FOR CITATION: Kudinova E.G. Deficiency of vitamins and micronutrients and reproductive health in women. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2022;5(3):182–187 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2022-5-3-182-187.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69549678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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