RMZh Mat'' i ditia最新文献

{"title":"Some aspects of developing diets for children of different age groups","authors":"Y. Chernenkov, O. Gumenyuk, I. A. Glushakov, V. D. Glushakova","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-169-174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-169-174","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to analyze the frequency of eating and the range of products used as snacks and to assess the impact of snacking on the digestive tract of children of different ages. Patients and Methods: a questionnaire survey of 2250 parents of preschoolers (3-6 years old) and 2250 parents of schoolchildren in Saratov city and Saratov region was conducted. Outpatient medical records of 4500 children were analyzed to assess the findings of physical exam performed by gastroenterologist, child's life and medical history, and the results of laboratory and instrumental tests used for evaluating the gastrointestinal system. Results: an adequate dietary pattern (breakfast, second breakfast, lunch, midday meal, dinner) was followed by 64% of preschoolers and 36% of schoolchildren (р<0.05). The majority of preschool- and school-aged children missed the second breakfast. Most of them — 90% of preschoolers and 78% of schoolchildren had snacks 1–3 times a day. Most commonly both preschool- and school-aged children were eating sausage snacks: 35% and 40% of the interviewed individuals, respectively. Fruits (32%) and confectionery products (22%) were the second most popular snacks among the preschool- and school-aged children. Every 5th preschooler and every 3rd schoolchild consumed sausage products weekly. Children who were snacking with sweets and eating sausages daily had more gastrointestinal complaints and more frequently required regular medical check-ups (registered with Group “D”) by gastroenterologist with the diagnoses of gastritis, gastroduodenitis, biliary dyskinesia, and chronic constipation, and this difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: preschool- and school-aged children most commonly get sausage and confectionary products as additional meals which may cause multiple health problems in the future. For the rational development of additional diets for children of different ages it is necessary to regulate such meals and to introduce consensus documents on the rate of consumption and the optimal formulations of food products used as snacks. KEYWORDS: schoolchildren, preschoolers, snacking, nutrition, gastrointestinal disorders. FOR CITATION: Chernenkov Yu.V., Gumenyuk O.I., Glushakov I.A., Glushakova V.D. Some aspects of developing diets for children of different age groups. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):169–174 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-169-174.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69553123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotics and anti-infective resistance: modern concepts and new therapeutic possibilities","authors":"E. V. Kanner, A. Zaplatnikov, I. D. Kanner, I. Farber","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-184-191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-184-191","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, pediatricians and epidemiologists have noted the emergence of some unfavorable trends in the child population health, namely: an increase in the number of allergic pathologies, autoimmune diseases, obesity, chronic nonspecific bowel diseases. Among the risk factors, changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota occupy one of the first places. This review discusses numerous mechanisms to explain how gut bacteria can be interconnected with immunity or the development of concomitant diseases. The article describes in detail various strategies used to manage the gut microbiota for the prevention and treatment of diseases. The role of probiotic strains and their influence on various parts of the immune response are also described. Besides, the article presents the study data concerning the influence of probiotic drugs on the provision of immunological resistance in the human body. Understanding the mechanisms of interaction between the host and the microbiota and their regulation will allow us to determine individual therapeutic possibilities for the treatment of many diseases. The benefits of two strains — Lactobacillus plantarum CECT 7315 and CECT 7316 — which have a comprehensive effect on the intestinal microbiota and having well-expressed immunomodulatory properties are discussed. KEYWORDS: microbiota, gastrointestinal tract, innate immunity, commensals, probiotics, lactobacilli, vitamins. FOR CITATION: Kanner E.V., Zaplatnikov A.L., Kanner I.D., Farber I.M. Probiotics and anti-infective resistance: modern concepts and new therapeutic possibilities. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):184–191 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430- 2023-6-2-184-191.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69553414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-vaccination hyperthermia in children: a current view of the old problem","authors":"A. Zaplatnikov, A. Girina, I. V. Lepiseva, V. I. Svintsitskaya, M. Leshik, A.V. Fursova","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-192-198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-192-198","url":null,"abstract":"According to the World Health Organization, “immunization is recognized as a core component of the human right to health.” However, the successes of vaccine prophylaxis could be nullified by the currently common vaccine hesitancy. The reasons behind immunization refusal encompass misconceptions related to a high rate of vaccination complications and a considerable overestimation of the role of vaccine adverse events in the development of various pathological conditions. In this context, particular concerns are caused by the potential occurrence of fever in children after an immunization and the risk of febrile seizures that may develop under such circumstances. The article is focused on the prevention and treatment of hyperthermia occurring after an immunization. However, based on the analysis of research findings a conclusion has been made that the administration of antipyretic analgesics (acetaminophen, ibuprofen) before vaccination does not prevent the onset of febrile seizures. At the same time, the use of mentioned drugs during the developed post-vaccination hyperthermia is justified and characterized by a high therapeutic efficacy. As emphasized, the early administration of antipyretic analgesics to control fever after vaccination could be recommended to children with febrile seizures in the medical history. The authors present the latest data of scientific literature demonstrating that the prophylactic antipyretic administration before an immunization may affect the vaccine-induced immunity and should not be recommended for a common use. KEYWORDS: antipyretics, acetaminophen, vaccine adverse events, vaccination, children, ibuprofen, immunization, paracetamol, post- vaccination hyperthermia, febrile seizures. FOR CITATION: Zaplatnikov A.L., Girina A.A., Lepiseva I.V. et al. Post-vaccination hyperthermia in children: a current view of the old problem. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):192–198 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-192-198.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69553453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monoclonal antibodies for coronavirus infection in pregnant and puerperal women","authors":"O.V. Polikarpova, Yu.E. Dobrokhotova, N.A. Shevchenko, V.M. Grabovskiy, M.A. Lysenko","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-4","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to compare the efficacy of monoclonal antibodies for novel coronavirus infection treatment in pregnant women. Patients and Methods: a retrospective analysis of medical reports of 502 pregnant and puerperal women aged 18–49 years with mild-to- moderate novel coronavirus infection who received monoclonal antibodies was performed. Women were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 108 women who received sotrovimab. Group 2 included 394 women who received bamlanivimab plus etesevimab. The condition was evaluated over 14 days after administering drug(s) based on the data of the general condition survey and laboratory and instrumental tests on days 1, 3, and 7 of follow-up. Lung damage was detected using ultrasound. Results: the maximum number of patients with lung damage grades 1a and 2a was identified on day 3 after starting therapy, i.e., 34.6% in the sotrovimab group and 71.8% in the bamlanivimab plus etesevimab group. On day 14 after starting therapy, most women recovered. When comparing the efficacy of two treatments, sotrovimab was superior to bamlanivimab plus etesevimab (recovery was reported in 96% and 89%, respectively). No adverse events after sotrovimab administration were reported. No therapy-associated clinically significant events were detected using ultrasound during pregnancy and the postnatal period on days 3 and 7 after drug administration. Conclusion: treatment for mild-to-moderate novel coronavirus infection with monoclonal antibodies in pregnant women is effective and reduces the number of hospital admissions, complications, and maternal and perinatal mortality. KEYWORDS: COVID-19, pregnancy, monoclonal antibodies, obstetric risk, efficacy. FOR CITATION: Polikarpova O.V., Dobrokhotova Yu.E., Shevchenko N.A., Grabovskiy V.M., Lysenko M.A. Monoclonal antibodies for coronavirus infection in pregnant and puerperal women. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(3):241–246 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-4","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135010054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring the puerperium microbiota is a necessary condition for diagnosing newborn infections in the early neonatal period","authors":"L. Boronina, E. V. Samatova, A. G. Asnovskaya, S. Panova, S. S. Ustyugova, K.V. Zakharchuk","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-13-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-13-19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: maternal and child healthcare is considered a priority area of the public health services in all countries. Aim: to assess the birth canal microbiota in pregnant women and puerperia for diagnosing potential infections of newborn infants in the early neonatal period. Patients and Methods: this retrospective study analyses the results of microbiological examination of the samples taken from various loci of 1915 pregnant women and/or puerperia and newborn infants in the period of February 1, 2020, to February 28, 2022. The biological material samples for microbiological examination were obtained from the following locations: 1) in the pregnant women and/or puerperia: the posterior vaginal vault, cervical canal, afterbirth, and the uterine cavity; 2) in the newborn infants: the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, tracheal secretions, and the catheter Results: in 38.1% of puerperia, the caesarean section was performed to deliver a baby. In 513 (26.8%) women in labor and their newborns, microbiological tests were not carried out, as they did not have clinical manifestations of infectious diseases. Based on the monitoring of the results of microbiological examination of the biomaterial samples taken from various loci, the following three groups were formed: group 1 — the samples were taken only from the newborns (n=458); group 2 — the samples were taken only from the mothers (n=294); group 3 — the samples were taken both from the mothers and newborns (n=650). Then, group 3 was divided into the following subgroups: the growth of microorganisms was not detected or the normal flora was found (n=459); the potential causative agents of infectious and inflammatory diseases were found in the mother, but not in the newborn (n=161); the same potential causative agents of infectious and inflammatory diseases were detected in the newborn and the mother (n=19); different potential causative agents of infectious and inflammatory diseases were found in the newborn and the mother (n=6); potential causative agents of infectious and inflammatory diseases were detected in the newborns, but not in the mothers (n=5). Escherichia coli (31.6%) and Streptococcus agalactiae (15.7%) were the most prevalent microorganisms in the birth canal of the pregnant women and puerperia. In the newborns, the same agents were most frequently found in the blood or the tracheal secretions. Conclusion: the microbiological monitoring of the birth canal of pregnant women and puerperia, as well as of newborn infants is necessary for a timely prevention or treatment of infectious diseases. KEYWORDS: monitoring, microbiota, puerperia, newborns, infection, bacterial carriage. FOR CITATION: Boronina L.G., Samatova E.V., Asnovskaya A.G. et al. Monitoring the puerperium microbiota is a necessary condition for diagnosing newborn infections in the early neonatal period. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(1):13–19 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-1-13-19.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69551470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between the tendency of the head circumference growth trajectory in neonates (1 month) and the psychomotor development of extremely preterm infants at the age of 3 years","authors":"V. P. Shcherbakova, L. I. Mozzhukhina, L. E. Stroyeva, S.E. Kalgina, O. V. Kiselnikova","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-157-163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-157-163","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to study the association of the head circumference (HC) growth trajectory in extremely preterm neonates (1 month) with the outcomes of psychomotor development by the age of 3 years. Patients and Methods: a retrospective cohort study included 140 children with extremely low birth weight in the Yaroslavl region in the period from 2012 to 2018 and observed up to the age of 3 in the outpatient department for infants of the Regional Perinatal Center. The HC growth trajectory was determined based on the tendency of indicators from the birth to the age of 1 month, expressed as a percentage. The Clinical Adaptive Test / Clinical Linguistic and Auditory Milestone Scale (CAT/CLAMS) was used to assess psychomotor development. The outcomes of psychomotor development were defined as the norm, development dissociation (differences in indicators of the CAT/CLAMS and motor skills) and delayed development. Results: the tendency of the HC growth in neonates (1 month) was characterized by three trajectories: slow growth (n=37; 26.4%), catch-up growth (n=69; 49.3%) and rapid catch-up growth (n=34; 24.3%) with significant differences in indicators of psychomotor development at the age of 3 years (p<0.001). More than half (52.9%) of extremely preterm infants with rapid catch-up growth of HC had normal psychomotor development, while in the group with HC delayed growth — only 24.3%. The HC growth trajectory in neonates (1 month) and the outcomes of psychomotor development of children by the age of 3 were influenced by the following: gestational age, birth weight, HC at birth, ventilator length of stay, the presence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, hemodynamically significant persistent ductus arteriosus, postnatal growth retardation and the method of feeding. Conclusion: extremely preterm neonates (1 month) with HC slow growth are subject to a delay in psychomotor development by the age of 3 years. KEYWORDS: children, preterm infants, head circumference, head circumference growth trajectory, psychomotor development, CAT/CLAMS. FOR CITATION: Shcherbakova V.P., Mozzhukhina L.I., Stroyeva L.E. et al. The association between the tendency of the head circumference growth trajectory in neonates (1 month) and the psychomotor development of extremely preterm infants at the age of 3 years. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):157–163 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-157-163.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69552697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abdominal pain masqueraders in preschool and primary-school-age children","authors":"E. A. Medvedeva, A. Khavkin","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-175-183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-175-183","url":null,"abstract":"Abdominal pain, one of the most common complaints of patients visiting pediatrician and gastroenterologist, is a multifactorial syndrome. Thus, physicians often need to generate challenging differential diagnoses. Thorough gathering of the medical history and physical examination are the best tools for making diagnosis. However, in some cases it is necessary to use laboratory tests and instrumental methods. In some cases, the search for effective treatment of abdominal pain becomes a difficult task requiring a multidisciplinary approach for developing symptom management strategies. The article presents a literature review focused on the issues of acute and chronic abdominal pain in children and summarizes the latest trends in performing patient examination and making differential diagnosis. Emphasis is made on the differential diagnosis of conditions considered as the most common causes of abdominal pain and functional gastrointestinal disorders classified according to Rome IV Criteria. The article elucidates the latest therapeutic approaches to the management of pain abdominal syndrome and considers mechanisms that may be involved in its pathogenesis. KEYWORDS: children, acute abdominal pain, chronic abdominal pain, functional gastrointestinal disorders, irritable bowel syndrome, functional dyspepsia, abdominal migraine, Rome IV Criteria, trimebutine. FOR CITATION: Medvedeva E.A., Khavkin A.I. Abdominal pain masqueraders in preschool and primary-school-age children. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(2):175–183 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-175-183.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69553376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the efficacy and compliance with Vojea ® in women during the pregravid preparation and the early stages of pregnancy","authors":"I. N. Kononova, E. Kareva, E.V. Stebenyaeva, N. Shmakova, I.V. Graban, T. Ogurtsova, Y. Dobrokhotova, S. Orlova","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-95-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-2-95-104","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: to assess the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of Vojea® in the prevention of iron-deficiency anemia and folic acid deficiency in women during the preconception (pregravid) period and early stages of pregnancy, as well as to evaluate patient compliance with this product. Patients and Methods: this prospective multi-center observational study was performed in 2022 in four medical centers and women's health clinics of Ekaterinburg. The study included 87 women with latent iron deficiency (mean ferritin level below 15 ng/ml). The first group consisted of 37 women during the pregravid preparation period, and the second group consisted of 50 pregnant patients with up to 12 weeks of pregnancy. Patients received the Vojea® once daily for three months. Clinical and laboratory efficacy (the absence of objective anemia signs and the changes in hemoglobin level, folate and ferritin blood tests over time), as well as tolerability (the rate of adverse events, tolerability of the taken product evaluated using the visual analog scale) was assessed at days 30, 60 and 90 after the beginning of treatment. Results: beginning from the first month of treatment with the studied complex, some positive changes in clinical symptoms and laboratory findings were reported in both groups. By the third month of therapy, the increment of hemoglobin level in the pregravid preparation group was 17 (13.9%) units, the level of ferritin increased by 6.3 times (clinically significant after two months of the product intake), and the level of blood serum folates increased by 4.6 times. In group 2, the increment of hemoglobin level, as pregnancy was progressing, in three months of the product intake reached 19 units (17%), the level of ferritin increased by 5.9 times (clinically significant after two months of treatment), and the level of blood serum folates increased by 3.9 times. In group 1, adverse events were reported only in 2/37 (5.4%) patients who had dark stool color on the 2nd month of follow-up. In group 2, such adverse events as nausea were reported in 3/50 (6%) patients during the 1st month of product intake. All patients informed that the product was well tolerated which ensured high patient compliance. Conclusion: maintaining iron and folic acid homeostasis by oral intake of the Vojea® complex during three months in the preconception period and early stages of pregnancy is a feasible option based on its high efficacy and good tolerability with the minimal risk of side effects, encouraging high patient compliance. KEYWORDS: ferric pyrophosphate, folic acid, pregravid preparation, pregnancy, active metabolite of folic acid, methyltetrahydrofolate, glucosamine salt, Quatrefolic, micronized microencapsulated ferric iron, Vojea, compliance. FOR CITATION: Kononova I.N., Kareva E.N., Stebenyaeva E.V. et al. Assessment of the efficacy and compliance with Vojea® in women during the pregravid preparation and the early stages of pregnancy. Russian Journal of Woman and ","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69553923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promising immunomodulatory effects of bacterial lysates in the prevention and treatment of acute and recurrent respiratory infections in children","authors":"A.L. Zaplatnikov, E.V. Kanner, I.D. Kanner, A.A. Girina, I.M. Farber, M.L. Maximov","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-12","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of influenza and acute respiratory infections (ARI) continues to grow, including due to limited opportunities for immunoprophylaxis of the most common respiratory infections, in particular, acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI). Attempts are being made to reduce the children susceptibility to respiratory pathogens through the rational use of nonspecific immunoprophylactic agents, among which bacterial lysates (BL) occupy a special place. BL key patterns, contributing to the prevention of viral infections, are innate immune response activation, excessive inflammatory response prevention, adaptive immune response stimulation. BL contain fragments of inactivated various pathogenic bacteria strains that are important in the ARI etiology. Obtaining lysates of bacterial strains is possible by mechanical or chemical lysis. The article discusses the results of preclinical and clinical studies on BL, as well as suggests the expediency of further study concerning the BL pharmacodynamic effects within the modern concept of trained immunity. The authors conclude that BL as a trained immunity inducer according to the rationally selected regimen can contribute to the respiratory infections' prevention both during COVID-19 pandemic and post-pandemic period. KEYWORDS: acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections, influenza, trained immunity, immunoprophylaxis, bacterial lysate. FOR CITATION: Zaplatnikov A.L., Kanner E.V., Kanner I.D., Girina A.A., Farber I.M., Maximov M.L. Promising immunomodulatory effects of bacterial lysates in the prevention and treatment of acute and recurrent respiratory infections in children. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(3):290–297 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-12.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135008585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined oral contraceptives as a treatment method for female patients of reproductive age with heavy menstrual bleeding","authors":"I.B. Manukhin, E.I. Manukhina, I.R. Safaryan, M.A. Ovakimyan","doi":"10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is one of the unsolved problems in gynecological practice. The frequency of HMB is exactly unknown, which can be most likely related to an individually perceived blood loss volume. Patients with HMB are at high risk of iron deficiency and anemia. The main problem remains the lack of a single treatment algorithm for the HMB in female patients of reproductive age. Medical specialists should actively and, at the same time, effectively solve this clinical problem. Aim: to evaluate the efficacy of combined oral contraceptive (COC) containing 0.03 mg of ethinylestradiol and 2 mg of chlormadinone acetate in patients of reproductive age with HMB. Patients and Methods: the study involved 87 female patients aged 22–43 y.o. with complaints of HMB. After a complete clinical and laboratory examination, all patients were prescribed COC (0.03 mg ethinylestradiol and 2 mg chlormadinone acetate) for 6 months with subsequent efficacy evaluation. The following parameters were evaluated: menstruation duration, RBC, hemoglobin and ferritin count. Results: initially, hemoglobin count was 78.4±0.5 g /L, RBC count — 2.9×1012/L, and ferritin count — less than 29 mg/dL in the setting of normal hemoglobin count were observed in 31 (35.6%) female patients. COCs prescription demonstrated efficacy in blood loss volume decrease during menstruation, which was noted by 85 (97.7%) female patients. Thus, it contributed to the iron content normalization in 29 (93.5%) of 31 patients. The frequency of side effects, which were manifested by discomfort in the mammary glands, nausea, headache, did not exceed 17%. All manifestations associated with drug intake did not require its cancellation or additional treatment. Conclusion: COC containing 0.03 mg of ethinylestradiol and 2 mg of chlormadinone acetate is an effective drug for the treatment of HMB in female patients of reproductive age, allowing to reduce the frequency of latent iron deficiency forms. KEYWORDS: combined oral contraceptives, heavy menstrual bleeding, ethinylestradiol, chlormadinone acetate, iron deficiency anemia, menstrual cycle control, hormonal contraception. FOR CITATION: Manukhin I.B., Manukhina E.I., Safaryan I.R., Ovakimyan M.A. Combined oral contraceptives as a treatment method for female patients of reproductive age with heavy menstrual bleeding. Russian Journal of Woman and Child Health. 2023;6(3):253–257 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2618-8430-2023-6-3-6.","PeriodicalId":34075,"journal":{"name":"RMZh Mat'' i ditia","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135008874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}