Pub Date : 1989-07-01DOI: 10.1177/107906328900200301
K. Zucker, Helen Torkos
Androgyny as a sex-role type has been studied extensively in adults but hardly at all in children. In the present study, children in Kindergarten through Grade 2 were administered a sex-role preference test in such a way that masculine and feminine scores could be derived independently. As a test of concurrent validity, the children's masculine and feminine preference scores were correlated with a parent-report measure of sex-typing. Both the child and parent measures showed strong sex differences in the types of stimuli preferred. Significant correlations were found between the parent and child measures for girls, but not for boys. Based on their masculine and feminine scores, children were classified as androgynous, masculine, feminine, or undifferentiated. The "absolute midpoint" method of sex-role classification placed the majority of boys in the masculine category (83%) and the majority of girls in the feminine category (79%); 9% of the boys and 18% of the girls were classified as androgynous. This method of classification yielded results similar to the more commonly used "between-sex" median split procedure, but differed sharply from the "within-sex" median split method, which yielded a more even distribution of children across the four sex-role types. The results were discussed with respect to a number of methodological issues in the measurement of androgyny in children.
{"title":"Assessment of androgyny in children","authors":"K. Zucker, Helen Torkos","doi":"10.1177/107906328900200301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107906328900200301","url":null,"abstract":"Androgyny as a sex-role type has been studied extensively in adults but hardly at all in children. In the present study, children in Kindergarten through Grade 2 were administered a sex-role preference test in such a way that masculine and feminine scores could be derived independently. As a test of concurrent validity, the children's masculine and feminine preference scores were correlated with a parent-report measure of sex-typing. Both the child and parent measures showed strong sex differences in the types of stimuli preferred. Significant correlations were found between the parent and child measures for girls, but not for boys. Based on their masculine and feminine scores, children were classified as androgynous, masculine, feminine, or undifferentiated. The \"absolute midpoint\" method of sex-role classification placed the majority of boys in the masculine category (83%) and the majority of girls in the feminine category (79%); 9% of the boys and 18% of the girls were classified as androgynous. This method of classification yielded results similar to the more commonly used \"between-sex\" median split procedure, but differed sharply from the \"within-sex\" median split method, which yielded a more even distribution of children across the four sex-role types. The results were discussed with respect to a number of methodological issues in the measurement of androgyny in children.","PeriodicalId":340989,"journal":{"name":"Annals of sex research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123341421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-07-01DOI: 10.1177/107906328900200304
R. Frenzel, R. Lang
Twenty-seven erotic and sexually neutral movie clips were shown to 191 men, consisting of 62 heterosexual intrafamilial child sexual abusers, 57 heterosexual and 25 homosexual extrafamilial child sexual abusers and 47 community controls. The stimuli depicted males and females from ages 6 to 25 years. Maximum penile volume changes were recorded during the 30 second stimulus presentations. Analyses showed that the phallometric test had high internal consistency (alpha=0.93) and revealed the expected erotic preference profiles for controls and extrafamilial offender groups. The homosexual group reacted most to 13–15 year old boys which made them more easily discriminated from the other groups. The intrafamilial offenders, however, overlapped considerably with controls and only 10% showed a pattern of penile responses expected for the ‘classical pedophile’, i.e., largest responses to female children. The pattern of results supported the accumulating evidence that child sexual abusers are heterogeneous in terms of their sexual preference profiles.
{"title":"Identifying sexual preferences in intrafamilial and extrafamilial child sexual abusers","authors":"R. Frenzel, R. Lang","doi":"10.1177/107906328900200304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107906328900200304","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty-seven erotic and sexually neutral movie clips were shown to 191 men, consisting of 62 heterosexual intrafamilial child sexual abusers, 57 heterosexual and 25 homosexual extrafamilial child sexual abusers and 47 community controls. The stimuli depicted males and females from ages 6 to 25 years. Maximum penile volume changes were recorded during the 30 second stimulus presentations. Analyses showed that the phallometric test had high internal consistency (alpha=0.93) and revealed the expected erotic preference profiles for controls and extrafamilial offender groups. The homosexual group reacted most to 13–15 year old boys which made them more easily discriminated from the other groups. The intrafamilial offenders, however, overlapped considerably with controls and only 10% showed a pattern of penile responses expected for the ‘classical pedophile’, i.e., largest responses to female children. The pattern of results supported the accumulating evidence that child sexual abusers are heterogeneous in terms of their sexual preference profiles.","PeriodicalId":340989,"journal":{"name":"Annals of sex research","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117321651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-04-01DOI: 10.1177/107906328900200202
G. Abel, David K. Gore, C. L. Holland, Nancy Camps, J. V. Becker, Jerry Rathner
Two hundred and forty child molester paraphiliacs, 48 non-child molesting paraphiliacs and 86 non-paraphiliacs were administered a 29 item Likert scale of statements designed to determine: 1) if cognitive distortions concerning child molestation exist among child molesters and (2) if child molesters can be discriminated from non-child molesters by assessing their cognitive distortions. Factor analysis yielded six factors covering the general area of child molestation being harmful to the child. The factors were reliable and successfully separated child molesters from non-child molesters. Results confirmed that child molesters not only vary from non-child molesters by their behavior with children, but also by their cognitions or beliefs about the consequence of their child molestation behavior on the child.
{"title":"The measurment of the cognitive distortions of child molesters","authors":"G. Abel, David K. Gore, C. L. Holland, Nancy Camps, J. V. Becker, Jerry Rathner","doi":"10.1177/107906328900200202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107906328900200202","url":null,"abstract":"Two hundred and forty child molester paraphiliacs, 48 non-child molesting paraphiliacs and 86 non-paraphiliacs were administered a 29 item Likert scale of statements designed to determine: 1) if cognitive distortions concerning child molestation exist among child molesters and (2) if child molesters can be discriminated from non-child molesters by assessing their cognitive distortions. Factor analysis yielded six factors covering the general area of child molestation being harmful to the child. The factors were reliable and successfully separated child molesters from non-child molesters. Results confirmed that child molesters not only vary from non-child molesters by their behavior with children, but also by their cognitions or beliefs about the consequence of their child molestation behavior on the child.","PeriodicalId":340989,"journal":{"name":"Annals of sex research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116656852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-04-01DOI: 10.1177/107906328900200204
R. Langevin, G. Wortzman, P. Wright, L. Handy
Pedophiles, sexual aggressives and incest offenders were examined for brain damage and dysfunction using computer tomography (CT) scans, the Halstead-Reitan (HR) Neuropsychological Test Battery, including the Weschsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R), the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS), and the Space Relations Test (SRT) of the Differential Aptitude Test. Results suggest that the groups of sex offenders examined did not suffer from memory or spatial (imaging) deficits. Subgroups of pedophiles, however, showed different patterns of neuropsychological deficits. Heterosexual and homosexual pedophiles showed verbal deficits and apparent left hemispheric brain dysfunction whereas bisexual pedophiles did not but rather showed right hemispheric visual-spatial deficits. An examination of problems surrounding typology of sex offenders and measurement issues in studying brain damage and dysfunction are discussed.
{"title":"Studies of brain damage and dysfunction in sex offenders","authors":"R. Langevin, G. Wortzman, P. Wright, L. Handy","doi":"10.1177/107906328900200204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107906328900200204","url":null,"abstract":"Pedophiles, sexual aggressives and incest offenders were examined for brain damage and dysfunction using computer tomography (CT) scans, the Halstead-Reitan (HR) Neuropsychological Test Battery, including the Weschsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R), the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS), and the Space Relations Test (SRT) of the Differential Aptitude Test. Results suggest that the groups of sex offenders examined did not suffer from memory or spatial (imaging) deficits. Subgroups of pedophiles, however, showed different patterns of neuropsychological deficits. Heterosexual and homosexual pedophiles showed verbal deficits and apparent left hemispheric brain dysfunction whereas bisexual pedophiles did not but rather showed right hemispheric visual-spatial deficits. An examination of problems surrounding typology of sex offenders and measurement issues in studying brain damage and dysfunction are discussed.","PeriodicalId":340989,"journal":{"name":"Annals of sex research","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124992626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-04-01DOI: 10.1177/107906328900200201
R. Wille, K. Beier
The medical and legal application of castration, including the forced castration of sexual offenders in Germany during the Nazi period from 1934 – 1945, is discussed in a cultural-historical introduction. A contemporary sample of 104 voluntary castrates (70% pedophiles, 25% aggressive sexual offenders, 3% exhibitionists, and 2% homosexuals) was examined. The survey was based on a representative follow-up investigation (response rate of 95%), covering approximately 20–25% of all orchidectomized sexual offenders between 1970 and 1980 in the Federal Republic of Germany. The results are contrasted with a comparison group who applied for castration during the same period but ultimately did not have the surgery.Sexual interest, libido, erection, and ejaculation generally decreased in 75% of the cases within 6 months. Approximately 10% remained sexually active for years on a slightly diminsihed level, whereas 15% reported sexual outlets over a longer period of time, but they required more intensive stimulation for sexual release.The post-operative recidivism rate for sexual crimes was 3% maximum, compared to 46% maximum for non-castrated applicants. Similar results between both samples were obtained in a special recidivism index which examined deprivation of liberty following approval of castration surgery. The social adjustment of the castrates, also seemed to be more favorable than that of the non-castrates. Of the castrates, approximately 70% were satisfied with the intervention, 20% were ambivalent and 10% were not satisfied.
{"title":"Castration in Germany","authors":"R. Wille, K. Beier","doi":"10.1177/107906328900200201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107906328900200201","url":null,"abstract":"The medical and legal application of castration, including the forced castration of sexual offenders in Germany during the Nazi period from 1934 – 1945, is discussed in a cultural-historical introduction. A contemporary sample of 104 voluntary castrates (70% pedophiles, 25% aggressive sexual offenders, 3% exhibitionists, and 2% homosexuals) was examined. The survey was based on a representative follow-up investigation (response rate of 95%), covering approximately 20–25% of all orchidectomized sexual offenders between 1970 and 1980 in the Federal Republic of Germany. The results are contrasted with a comparison group who applied for castration during the same period but ultimately did not have the surgery.Sexual interest, libido, erection, and ejaculation generally decreased in 75% of the cases within 6 months. Approximately 10% remained sexually active for years on a slightly diminsihed level, whereas 15% reported sexual outlets over a longer period of time, but they required more intensive stimulation for sexual release.The post-operative recidivism rate for sexual crimes was 3% maximum, compared to 46% maximum for non-castrated applicants. Similar results between both samples were obtained in a special recidivism index which examined deprivation of liberty following approval of castration surgery. The social adjustment of the castrates, also seemed to be more favorable than that of the non-castrates. Of the castrates, approximately 70% were satisfied with the intervention, 20% were ambivalent and 10% were not satisfied.","PeriodicalId":340989,"journal":{"name":"Annals of sex research","volume":"595 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123324386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-04-01DOI: 10.1177/107906328900200203
L. Stermac, Kathryn S. K. Hall
The criminal histories of 50 sexual offenders, admitted consecutively to the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, were evaluated in terms of pattern of offending and clinical and demographic variables. Current and past sexual offences were rated for severity and resulted in the classification of offenders as escalators (N=16), non-escalators (N=16), and first-time offenders (N=18). Escalators committed serious sexual assaults against strangers and were younger men who more often had a previous psychiatric history. Results are discussed in terms of prediction of patterns in sexual offending and implications for intervention.
{"title":"Escalation in sexual offending: Fact or fiction?","authors":"L. Stermac, Kathryn S. K. Hall","doi":"10.1177/107906328900200203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107906328900200203","url":null,"abstract":"The criminal histories of 50 sexual offenders, admitted consecutively to the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry, were evaluated in terms of pattern of offending and clinical and demographic variables. Current and past sexual offences were rated for severity and resulted in the classification of offenders as escalators (N=16), non-escalators (N=16), and first-time offenders (N=18). Escalators committed serious sexual assaults against strangers and were younger men who more often had a previous psychiatric history. Results are discussed in terms of prediction of patterns in sexual offending and implications for intervention.","PeriodicalId":340989,"journal":{"name":"Annals of sex research","volume":"27 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114132798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.1177/107906328900200101
C. Earls, H. David
The literature on male and female prostitution includes research from such diverse areas as law, medicine, psychology, sociology, and women's studies. However, one of the major efforts throughout this interdisciplinary area of study has been to describe the psychosocial characteristics of prostitutes. The assumption underlying these efforts is that such descriptions will lead to a better understanding of the general phenomenon of prostitution. The present review suggests that conclusions based on the currently available literature are limited by major methodological and conceptual problems such as: a) the failure to operationalize or to agree on the criteria for defining subtypes of prostitutes; b) faulty subject selection methods; c) the absence of appropriate comparison groups; and, d) an almost complete separation of research and theory according to the sex of the prostitutes studied. Nevertheless, there appears to be a number of variables that differentiate between prostitutes and nonprostitutes. Each of these factors is discussed and some suggestions for future research are outlined.
{"title":"Male and female prostitution: A review","authors":"C. Earls, H. David","doi":"10.1177/107906328900200101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107906328900200101","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on male and female prostitution includes research from such diverse areas as law, medicine, psychology, sociology, and women's studies. However, one of the major efforts throughout this interdisciplinary area of study has been to describe the psychosocial characteristics of prostitutes. The assumption underlying these efforts is that such descriptions will lead to a better understanding of the general phenomenon of prostitution. The present review suggests that conclusions based on the currently available literature are limited by major methodological and conceptual problems such as: a) the failure to operationalize or to agree on the criteria for defining subtypes of prostitutes; b) faulty subject selection methods; c) the absence of appropriate comparison groups; and, d) an almost complete separation of research and theory according to the sex of the prostitutes studied. Nevertheless, there appears to be a number of variables that differentiate between prostitutes and nonprostitutes. Each of these factors is discussed and some suggestions for future research are outlined.","PeriodicalId":340989,"journal":{"name":"Annals of sex research","volume":"191 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126744704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.1177/107906328900200105
R. Langevin, R. Lang, G. Wortzman, R. Frenzel, P. Wright
Fifteen male exhibitionists were compared to 36 nonviolent, nonsex offender controls on CT brain scans, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-R), and the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery (HR). The exhibitionists differed from controls only on HR subtests Tactual Performance Total Time, Trail Making Test A, and Aphasia Screening Test. Global differences between the two groups in structural brain damage and functional impairment were not found. Contrasting results of brain damage in exhibitionists and other sex offender groups are discussed.
{"title":"An examination of brain damage and dysfunction in genital exhibitionists","authors":"R. Langevin, R. Lang, G. Wortzman, R. Frenzel, P. Wright","doi":"10.1177/107906328900200105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107906328900200105","url":null,"abstract":"Fifteen male exhibitionists were compared to 36 nonviolent, nonsex offender controls on CT brain scans, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-R), and the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery (HR). The exhibitionists differed from controls only on HR subtests Tactual Performance Total Time, Trail Making Test A, and Aphasia Screening Test. Global differences between the two groups in structural brain damage and functional impairment were not found. Contrasting results of brain damage in exhibitionists and other sex offender groups are discussed.","PeriodicalId":340989,"journal":{"name":"Annals of sex research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116759807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.1177/107906328900200102
Antonietta Caffaro-Rouget, R. Lang, Virginia Santen
Two hundred and forty sexual abuse victims under 18 years of age were compared to 57 nonabused children on indices reflecting school, social, and behavioral adjustment, sexual conduct, and family dynamics. The average victim age was 8.47 years; most were female (91%). The majority of perpetrators were family members (65%). Only 8.7 percent of child sexual abusers were total strangers. A 35% rise in behavioral symptomatology was noted for the sexually abused children following the onset of their abuse. Forty-nine percent of the abused children showed no evident sign of emotional or mental trauma on pediatric examination. However, the longer the duration of abuse, the greater the likelihood of negative effects in the form of emotional and behavioral trauma and school problems in the child victims. When the children were forced into adult, and perhaps intimate pseudo-romantic behavior, e.g., passionate kissing and vulvar or vaginal intercourse, the more likely a manifest problem would appear. Violence, in this study, played a minor role in predicting behavior problems. Implications for prevention of child abuse are discussed.
{"title":"The impact of child sexual abuse on victims' adjustment","authors":"Antonietta Caffaro-Rouget, R. Lang, Virginia Santen","doi":"10.1177/107906328900200102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107906328900200102","url":null,"abstract":"Two hundred and forty sexual abuse victims under 18 years of age were compared to 57 nonabused children on indices reflecting school, social, and behavioral adjustment, sexual conduct, and family dynamics. The average victim age was 8.47 years; most were female (91%). The majority of perpetrators were family members (65%). Only 8.7 percent of child sexual abusers were total strangers. A 35% rise in behavioral symptomatology was noted for the sexually abused children following the onset of their abuse. Forty-nine percent of the abused children showed no evident sign of emotional or mental trauma on pediatric examination. However, the longer the duration of abuse, the greater the likelihood of negative effects in the form of emotional and behavioral trauma and school problems in the child victims. When the children were forced into adult, and perhaps intimate pseudo-romantic behavior, e.g., passionate kissing and vulvar or vaginal intercourse, the more likely a manifest problem would appear. Violence, in this study, played a minor role in predicting behavior problems. Implications for prevention of child abuse are discussed.","PeriodicalId":340989,"journal":{"name":"Annals of sex research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127836359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1989-01-01DOI: 10.1177/107906328900200104
R. Lang, R. Langevin, J. Bain, R. Frenzel, P. Wright
Sixteen male genital exhibitionists were compared to nonviolent nonsex offender controls with respect to 9 serum hormones: cortisol, prolactin, dehydroepiandrosterone, estradiol, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, androstenedione, testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, and two indices of free testosterone. There were group differences in estradiol, total testosterone and percent free testosterone. Exhibitionists had lower estradiol and testosterone but higher overall free testosterone. The results were unrelated to substance abuse, age, or education. Sex hormone abnormalities in exhibitionists and in other sex offender groups are discussed.
{"title":"Sex hormone profiles in genital exhibitionists","authors":"R. Lang, R. Langevin, J. Bain, R. Frenzel, P. Wright","doi":"10.1177/107906328900200104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/107906328900200104","url":null,"abstract":"Sixteen male genital exhibitionists were compared to nonviolent nonsex offender controls with respect to 9 serum hormones: cortisol, prolactin, dehydroepiandrosterone, estradiol, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, androstenedione, testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, and two indices of free testosterone. There were group differences in estradiol, total testosterone and percent free testosterone. Exhibitionists had lower estradiol and testosterone but higher overall free testosterone. The results were unrelated to substance abuse, age, or education. Sex hormone abnormalities in exhibitionists and in other sex offender groups are discussed.","PeriodicalId":340989,"journal":{"name":"Annals of sex research","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128391135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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