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Can COVID-19 Reopening Plans Mitigate Cycles of Residential Displacement? 新冠肺炎重新开放计划能否缓解居民流离失所的周期?
Pub Date : 2021-11-29 DOI: 10.18060/25466
Shawnna L. Thomas-EL
This article uses interviews of long-standing neighborhood residents’ sentiments of university expansion into their community. These data provide persuasive empirical evidence for the need of urban anchor institutions to include as an integral component of their campus reopening efforts, intentional plans for reducing the disruption of housing patterns of permanent residents. The term COVID exposure has come to signify not only the potential to succumb to the virus, but it also implies the revealing of inequities in systems that impact the effects of the crisis within Black and Brown communities. Every sector of U.S. society has been impacted by COVID-19, and it has required a paradigm shift in our interactions with one another. Academic institutions are enacting robust de-densification efforts which will stimulate dramatic shifts in the off-campus housing needs for students, but they stand the chance of displacing or further disadvantaging the long-standing residents who reside outside of their campus border. Universities must use reopening plans as an instrument to change the trajectory of relationships they hope to cultivate with their long-standing neighbors, through renewed engagement efforts that integrate lessons from the past and that seek to build stronger neighborhoods by challenging housing inequity and housing inequality.
本文采用了对长期居住在社区的居民对大学扩展到他们社区的看法的访谈。这些数据提供了有说服力的经验证据,说明城市锚定机构需要将减少永久居民住房模式中断的有意计划作为其校园重新开放努力的组成部分。COVID暴露一词不仅意味着屈服于病毒的可能性,而且还意味着揭示了影响黑人和棕色社区危机影响的系统中的不公平现象。美国社会的各个领域都受到了新冠疫情的影响,这要求我们在相互交往中转变模式。学术机构正在制定强有力的去致密化措施,这将刺激学生校外住房需求的巨大变化,但它们有可能取代或进一步使长期居住在校园外的居民处于不利地位。大学必须把重新开放计划作为一种工具,改变它们希望与长期邻居培养的关系轨迹,通过新的接触努力,整合过去的经验教训,寻求通过挑战住房不平等和住房不平等来建立更强大的社区。
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引用次数: 0
Engagement of Hope 希望的介入
Pub Date : 2021-10-20 DOI: 10.18060/25527
Patrick M. Green, Daniel J. Bergen, Cynthia Stewart, Chris Nayve
Building upon the proposed concept of an engagement of hope (Green, Stewart, Bergen, & Nayve, 2020) emerging from the exploration of faith-based approaches to community engagement, the authors delve into collaborative inquiry and critical reflection to construct a framework and equity-centered theory of action for community engagement. Drawing from the work of faith-based community organizations and institutions of higher education, and through the lens of a practitioner-scholar framework, the authors present a scholarly approach to collaborative inquiry and exploration into an engagement of hope, responding to the current context of higher education. The development of the engagement of hope conceptual framework emerged with core approaches to community engagement, responding to the current context and seeking to move the field of community engagement to address this context. The five themes that scaffold the conceptual framework are explicated, including challenging unjust structures, the common good, collaborative courage, community-centered, and individual goodness. The implications of this framework and theory of change are discussed as well as a call to re-center relationships in the community engagement field.
基于对基于信仰的社区参与方法的探索中提出的希望参与概念(Green,Stewart,Bergen,&Nayve,2020),作者深入研究了合作探究和批判性反思,以构建一个以公平为中心的社区参与行动框架和理论。根据基于信仰的社区组织和高等教育机构的工作,并通过从业者-学者框架的视角,作者提出了一种学术方法,以合作探究和探索希望的参与,以应对当前的高等教育背景。希望参与概念框架的发展与社区参与的核心方法一起出现,以应对当前的背景,并寻求推动社区参与领域来应对这一背景。阐述了构建概念框架的五个主题,包括挑战不公正结构、共同利益、合作勇气、以社区为中心和个人善。讨论了这一框架和变革理论的含义,以及在社区参与领域重新定位关系的呼吁。
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引用次数: 1
Third Space Creates Collaborative Environments to Develop Pre-service Teachers 第三空间营造合作环境培养职前教师
Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.18060/24927
A. Steiner, J. Bell, Christina L Wilcoxen
In the fall of 2012, 11% (n=157) of clinical practice (i.e. student teaching) candidates at a metropolitan university were in jeopardy of not passing clinical practice. Public schools in the area began to voice their concerns, and placements of candidates became a challenge. As a result, the university re-envisioned the program, utilizing third space to facilitate discourse between local school districts and university faculty. The development of third space was based on program data, which led to the following shifts in the program: scaffolded coursework with increased time in the field; instructional coaching prior to clinical practice; and a system for collecting feedback to sustain partnerships. Collaboration between P-12 schools and the university was essential in preparing candidates to connect theory and apply it in practice. By spring 2016, the initiatives implemented led to a 12% decrease of candidates in jeopardy of not passing clinical practice. As the teacher preparation program continues to grow, one of the biggest challenges is continuing to build and sustain new partnerships. The authors provide a framework for how programs could adapt some of these initiatives to develop and sustain university and school partnerships. 
2012年秋季,一所大都市大学11%(n=157)的临床实践(即学生教学)考生面临无法通过临床实践的危险。该地区的公立学校开始表达他们的担忧,候选人的安置成为一个挑战。因此,该大学重新设想了该项目,利用第三空间促进当地学区和大学教职员工之间的对话。第三空间的开发是基于项目数据的,这导致了项目的以下转变:随着实地时间的增加,脚手架作业;临床实践前的指导性辅导;以及一个收集反馈意见以维持伙伴关系的系统。P-12学校和大学之间的合作对于培养候选人将理论联系起来并应用于实践至关重要。到2016年春季,实施的举措导致有可能无法通过临床实践的候选人减少了12%。随着教师准备计划的不断发展,最大的挑战之一是继续建立和维持新的伙伴关系。作者提供了一个框架,说明项目如何调整其中一些举措,以发展和维持大学和学校的合作关系。
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引用次数: 1
An Exploratory Study of the Community Impacts of Service-Learning 服务学习对社区影响的探索性研究
Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.18060/25482
K. Lau, Maureen Yin Lee Chan, Cynthia Lok Sum Yeung, R. Snell
Research on community impacts from service-learning has been scarce, yet this area is worth exploring in order to understand how and why service-learning can make a difference. The current research sought to validate a conceptual framework (Lau & Snell, 2020), which categorizes the impacts of service-learning on community partner organizations (CPOs) and on end-beneficiaries. Under the framework, impacts on end-beneficiaries can arise directly from service-learning interventions, but can also arise indirectly as a result of impacts on CPOs. For the research, semi-structured, one-to-one or focus group interviews were conducted with 13 CPO representatives, seeking their perceptions of positive and negative impacts of service-learning. Most described impacts were positive, including, for CPOs: achieving project goals to further the CPO’s mission; augmenting resources of the CPO; and gaining knowledge, insights, ideas and techniques. These positive impacts for CPOs appear to reflect three factors: alignment between service-learning project goals and the CPO’s mission; mutual recognition of students’ potential for transferring knowledge from universities to CPOs; and mutual understanding of students’ status as semi-outsiders, free to challenge existing practices or systems. Further studies can explore impacts from the end-beneficiary's perspective, and adopt longitudinal and action research approaches.
关于服务学习对社区影响的研究很少,但为了理解服务学习如何以及为什么会产生影响,这个领域值得探索。目前的研究试图验证一个概念框架(Lau & Snell, 2020),该框架将服务学习对社区合作伙伴组织(CPOs)和最终受益者的影响进行了分类。在该框架下,服务学习干预可以直接产生对最终受益者的影响,但也可以间接产生对cpo的影响。本研究采用半结构化、一对一或焦点小组访谈的方式,对13位服务学习代表进行访谈,以了解他们对服务学习的正面和负面影响的看法。大多数描述的影响是积极的,包括对CPO:实现项目目标,进一步推进CPO的使命;增加警务处的资源;并获得知识、见解、想法和技术。这些对CPO的积极影响似乎反映了三个因素:服务学习项目目标与CPO使命之间的一致性;相互认可学生有能力将知识从大学转移到社区服务组织;相互理解学生作为半局外人的地位,可以自由地挑战现有的做法或制度。进一步的研究可以从最终受益者的角度探讨影响,并采用纵向研究和行动研究的方法。
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引用次数: 3
Types of Anchor Institution Initiatives 锚定机构倡议的类型
Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.18060/25242
P. Garton
Interest in universities as anchor institutions within their communities and cities is growing as civic leaders search for ways to build local wealth. Systematic analysis of the effects of anchor institution initiatives remains difficult due to the disparate nature of anchor initiatives and a relative lack of a shared language describing the work. This article reviews the anchor literature to summarize current understandings of universities and economic development, then develops a typology of anchor institution initiatives based upon the literature. The typology is based upon the type of capital leveraged by initiatives: (a) financial, (b) physical, (c) intellectual, and (d) human. The author then uses the typology to categorize a number of initiatives found within the literature and through a rough sampling process. This typology offers a shared language for scholars to use to guide discussions around universities as anchor institutions, and, more importantly, the typology can frame analyses of the differential effects, costs, and benefits of different anchor strategies.
随着公民领袖寻找建立当地财富的方法,人们对大学作为社区和城市中的支柱机构的兴趣越来越大。由于锚定倡议的性质不同,而且相对缺乏描述工作的共同语言,因此对锚定机构倡议的影响进行系统分析仍然很困难。本文回顾了锚定文献,总结了当前对大学和经济发展的理解,然后在文献的基础上发展了锚定制度倡议的类型。该类型基于倡议所利用的资本类型:(a)金融、(b)物质、(c)智力和(d)人力。然后,作者使用类型学对文献中发现的一些举措进行分类,并通过粗略的抽样过程。这种类型学为学者们提供了一种共同的语言,可以用来指导围绕大学作为锚定机构的讨论,更重要的是,这种类型学可以对不同锚定策略的差异效应、成本和收益进行分析。
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引用次数: 3
Effects of Teaching in a Summer STEM Camp on the Mathematics Teaching Self-efficacy of Highly Qualified Preservice Secondary Mathematics Teachers STEM夏令营教学对高素质中学数学教师数学教学自我效能感的影响
Pub Date : 2021-08-16 DOI: 10.18060/25396
Bridget A. Franks, Sheryl Mcglamery
Educational opportunity gaps experienced by students of color living in poverty, with accompanying lower levels of mathematics achievement, remain a roadblock to their access to college-level training in STEM fields. To address this problem, secondary teachers must be confident in their ability to share mathematics content effectively with students from cultures different than their own. Bridging the opportunity gap is more likely with two elements in place: intellectually stimulating pre-college experiences and community partnerships that establish connections between underserved neighborhoods and resource-filled environments such as university campuses. This study explored the effects of teaching in a four-week STEM summer camp for ethnically diverse, high-needs middle school girls on the teaching self-efficacy of highly-qualified preservice secondary mathematics teachers, a group that has been less studied than preservice elementary teachers. Participants were scholarship students in a federally-funded teacher preparation scholarship program at an urban, metropolitan university. Teaching self-efficacy was measured by the Mathematics Teaching Efficacy Belief Instrument (MTEBI) and by follow-up qualitative analysis of questionnaire responses and focus groups. Participants’ gains on the MTEBI were significant for Personal Mathematics Teaching Efficacy, but not for Mathematics Teaching Outcome Expectancy. Qualitative analyses suggested that both instructional coaching and everyday interactions in a summer camp setting contributed strongly to the preservice teachers’ increased confidence about teaching mathematics to culturally diverse, high-needs learners.
生活在贫困中的有色人种学生所经历的教育机会差距,以及随之而来的较低的数学成绩,仍然是他们获得STEM领域大学水平培训的障碍。为了解决这个问题,中学教师必须有信心与来自不同文化的学生有效分享数学内容。弥合机会差距更有可能有两个因素:激发智力的大学前经历和在服务不足的社区和大学校园等资源丰富的环境之间建立联系的社区伙伴关系。本研究探讨了在为期四周的STEM夏令营中为种族多样、高需求的中学女生进行教学对高素质的职前中学数学教师教学自我效能感的影响,这一群体的研究比职前小学教师少。参与者是一所城市大学由联邦政府资助的教师准备奖学金项目的奖学金学生。采用数学教学效能信念量表(MTEBI)和问卷调查和焦点小组的后续定性分析来测量教学效能。参与者在MTEBI上的成绩对个人数学教学效能感有显著影响,但对数学教学结果预期没有显著影响。定性分析表明,夏令营环境中的教学辅导和日常互动都有助于职前教师增强对向文化多样、需求高的学习者教授数学的信心。
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引用次数: 1
Cultural Competency Activities 文化能力活动
Pub Date : 2021-08-09 DOI: 10.18060/24536
J. Coleman, D. Holloman, Melanie Turner-Harper, C. Wan
This study examines the impact of a cultural center on students’ views and perceptions of their own cultural competency learning and ability to manage their college experience at a large metropolitan university. This exploratory analysis highlights the views of ten students who frequently engaged with a cultural center. Emerging themes include: (a) how students at a metropolitan university defined cultural competence; (b) challenges, difficulties, and problems participants experienced interacting with people from other cultures (e.g. nationality, ethnicity); and (c) successful interactions participants experienced with people from other cultures. Findings and discussion from this study suggest: (a) identity, exposure, and critical awareness; (b) navigating and negotiating conflict; and (c) engaging cultural resources are the skills students develop, through experiences with a cultural center, that impact their ability to manage their college experience. This project studied a culturally mixed group of students using personal experiences, interviews, and focus group discussions to describe meaningful and defining moments. This study and its findings are noteworthy because there is little research in this subject area. All participants were frank, cooperative, and candid throughout the process. They offered insights and shared information regarding cultural competency at Metropolitan University (MU).
本研究考察了文化中心对学生在大型城市大学中对自身文化能力学习和管理大学经历能力的看法和看法的影响。这一探索性分析突出了10名经常参与文化中心的学生的观点。新兴主题包括:(a)城市大学的学生如何定义文化能力;(b)参与者与来自其他文化(如国籍、种族)的人互动时遇到的挑战、困难和问题;(c)参与者与来自其他文化的人的成功互动。本研究的发现和讨论表明:(a)身份、暴露和批判意识;(b)解决和协商冲突;(c)参与文化资源是指学生通过在文化中心的体验而培养的技能,这些技能会影响他们管理大学经历的能力。这个项目研究了一个文化混合的学生群体,使用个人经历、访谈和焦点小组讨论来描述有意义和决定性的时刻。这项研究及其发现值得注意,因为在这一主题领域的研究很少。在整个过程中,所有参与者都是坦率、合作和坦率的。他们就城市大学的文化竞争力提供了见解并分享了信息。
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引用次数: 0
Cultivating Innovation Capacity of Undergraduates in a Technology Commercialization Academy in Midwest America 美国中西部科技商业化学院大学生创新能力的培养
Pub Date : 2021-08-04 DOI: 10.18060/23931
A. Chlebowski, William Hawkins, Joshua McWilliams, Stephanie El Tawil
The Technology Commercialization Academy (TCA) was launched to promote the identification, assessment, and exploitation of economically viable innovations by undergraduates and retain those graduates in the southwest Indiana region. Further, as part of the I-69 Innovation Corridor initiative, the TCA was part of increasing the regional Innovation Index score 20% by 2025. Through the seven years of implementation, the program has determined that there is a crucial tool set that is necessary for new graduates entering industry, including instilling that innovation is a balance; innovation is agile; innovation must fail, pivot, and focus quickly; and lastly the program must realize its capabilities, be diverse in thought, and recognize that the personnel are key. By instilling these practices in the participants, using available programmatic information and surveys, 100% of job seekers post-graduation were employed within six months, 9% began their own startup from the program, and 64% of these high impact graduates stayed in southwest Indiana. Overall, the TCA program structure has shifted to demand side iterative processes that create long-tail value for the region and made the participants attractive hires who are keenly aware of practices to move from opportunity to execution.
技术商业化学院(TCA)的成立是为了促进本科生对经济上可行的创新的识别、评估和利用,并将这些毕业生留在印第安纳州西南部地区。此外,作为I-69创新走廊倡议的一部分,TCA是到2025年将区域创新指数提高20%的一部分。通过七年的实施,该计划已经确定了一套关键的工具是应届毕业生进入行业所必需的,包括灌输创新是一种平衡;创新是敏捷的;创新必须迅速失败、转向和聚焦;最后,计划必须实现其能力,思想多样化,并认识到人员是关键。通过向参与者灌输这些实践,利用现有的项目信息和调查,100%的求职者在毕业后六个月内找到了工作,9%的人在项目中开始了自己的创业,这些高影响力毕业生中有64%留在了印第安纳州西南部。总体而言,TCA项目结构已转向需求侧迭代流程,为该地区创造长尾价值,并使参与者具有吸引力,他们敏锐地意识到从机会转向执行的做法。
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引用次数: 0
Improving Workforce Readiness Skills Among Community College Adult Learners Through New Technologies: 通过新技术提高社区大学成人学习者的劳动力准备技能:
Pub Date : 2021-02-15 DOI: 10.18060/23884
S. Haviland, S. Robbins, Vinetha K. Belur, Gernissia Cherfrere, David Klieger
Employers report struggles to find work-ready candidates who possess a desired combination of job-specific technical, general math and reading, and social and behavioral skills. Community colleges are ideally situated to address these shortages, delivering a trained local labor force and often collaborating directly with employers and regional development boards to ensure the employability of their students and the economic vitality of their regions. One tactic to address these shortages is to introduce trainings geared directly toward soft and basic skill development. This paper presents case studies of two schools that use technology-enhanced trainings to incorporate work-readiness skill trainings in career technical education programs that are (1) flexible and learner-centric due to technology-enhanced delivery, and (2) use evidence-based assessment and intervention strategies to promote soft skill and literacy expectations. The trainings were provided by a non-profit education research and measurement company, which served as developer and research partner for the community colleges. Results demonstrate adult learner satisfaction and commitment with these blended learning and mobile technology solutions. Factors that facilitate training success, which include securing student buy-in and developing collaborative partnerships, are discussed.
雇主报告说,很难找到具备特定工作技能、一般数学和阅读能力以及社交和行为技能的求职者。社区学院的理想位置是解决这些短缺问题,提供训练有素的当地劳动力,并经常与雇主和地区发展委员会直接合作,以确保学生的就业能力和地区的经济活力。解决这些不足的一个策略是引入直接针对软技能和基本技能发展的培训。本文介绍了两所学校的案例研究,这两所学校使用技术增强培训将工作准备技能培训纳入职业技术教育计划,这些计划(1)由于技术增强的交付而灵活和以学习者为中心,(2)使用循证评估和干预策略来提高软技能和读写能力的期望。培训由一家非营利性教育研究和评估公司提供,该公司是社区学院的开发和研究合作伙伴。结果显示成人学习者对这些混合学习和移动技术解决方案的满意度和承诺。讨论了促进培训成功的因素,包括确保学生参与和发展合作伙伴关系。
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引用次数: 2
Engaging the Faith Community in Designing a Church-Based Mental Health Screening and Linkage to Care Intervention 参与宗教团体设计以教会为基础的心理健康筛检及与照护干预的连结
Pub Date : 2021-02-15 DOI: 10.18060/24059
J. Berkley-Patton, C. B. Thompson, Joah L. Williams, Kelsey Christensen, Cassandra Wainwright, Eric Williams, A. Bradley-Ewing, Alexandria G. Bauer, J. Allsworth
African Americans are disproportionately burdened by mental health issues (e.g., stress, chronic depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder). Upon review of mental health local/state/national data, a highly-engaged faith-based Community Action Board (CAB) raised concerns about the mental health needs of African Americans and addressed mental health as a priority health area in African American Kansas City churches. African Americans tend to experience barriers to mental health services (e.g., limited access, high cost, mental health-related stigma, non-culturally tailored mental health care). African American churches have many strengths that could increase reach, acceptability feasibility, and impact of mental health interventions tailored for African Americans. The CAB conducted a health needs assessment survey (N=463; 11 churches) to identify health concerns and potential strategies to inform the design of a church-based mental health intervention. Using a faith-community-engaged approach, the CAB developed the survey and used its findings to design a religiously-tailored, multilevel mental health intervention focused on prevention, screening, and linkage to care. The needs assessment identified intervention strategies (e.g., church-based screening, stress reduction/exercise programs, pastors promoting mental health) that were: (1) rated as highly important/feasible to implement, (2) included in the intervention design, and (3) successfully implemented in African American churches by faith leaders and university students and faculty.
非裔美国人承受着不成比例的心理健康问题负担(如压力、慢性抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍)。在审查了地方/州/国家的心理健康数据后,一个高度参与的基于信仰的社区行动委员会(CAB)对非裔美国人的心理健康需求表示担忧,并将心理健康作为非裔美国人堪萨斯城教堂的优先健康领域。非裔美国人往往在获得心理健康服务方面遇到障碍(例如,获取途径有限、成本高昂、与心理健康相关的污名化、非文化定制的心理健康护理)。非裔美国人教会有许多优势,可以增加针对非裔美国人的心理健康干预措施的覆盖面、可接受性、可行性和影响。CAB进行了一项健康需求评估调查(N=463;11个教堂),以确定健康问题和潜在策略,为基于教堂的心理健康干预设计提供信息。CAB采用信仰社区参与的方法开发了这项调查,并利用其调查结果设计了一种宗教定制的多层次心理健康干预措施,重点是预防、筛查和与护理的联系。需求评估确定了干预策略(例如,基于教堂的筛查、减压/锻炼计划、牧师促进心理健康),这些策略:(1)被评为非常重要/可行的实施策略,(2)被纳入干预设计,(3)由信仰领袖、大学生和教职员工在非裔美国人教堂成功实施。
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引用次数: 2
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Metropolitan Universities
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