Open Respiratory Archives最新文献_第9页

Pulmonary Hypertension Associated With Lung Disease: Is a Jar Half Full or Half Empty? 肺动脉高压与肺部疾病相关：罐子是半满还是半空？

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100499

Lucilla Piccari , Diego A. Rodríguez-Chiaradía , Alberto García-Ortega

引用次数: 0

Trends and Characteristics of Retracted Articles in the Smoking Field: An Observational Study 吸烟领域撤回文章的趋势和特征：一项观察性研究

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100496

José Ignacio de Granda-Orive , Carlos A. Jiménez-Ruiz , Rafael Aleixandre-Benavent , Daniel López-Padilla , Carlos Rábade-Castedo , Miguel Jiménez-Gómez , Adolfo Alonso-Arroyo

Objective

The aim was to examine reasons for retraction and rates of article retraction in the field of smoking.

Material and methods

We conducted an observational study and searched the largest database of articles that have been retracted.

Results

We found 83 papers that were retracted from 1988 to 2024. According to the type of document (documents typologies), the majority were original articles (74 papers). The 83 documents have been retracted in 65 different journals. The retracted papers’ citation counts were examined by searching Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus, and we have observed that a quarter (26.5%) of the 68 articles available in the WoS database had increased their citations, despite the fact that they were retracted works. The reasons for retraction were unreliable, inconsistent, erroneous, or missing data or an incorrect conclusion; duplication of previously published articles; duplication of images into the articles or in previous articles; conflicts of interest; the ethical/plagiarism policy and authorship issues concerns; fake peer reviews; data falsification/data error; articles retracted at the authors’ request; and unknown causes of retraction and journal publisher's error.

Conclusions

Unreliable, inconsistent, inaccurate, or missing data; an incorrect conclusion; or duplication/already published articles; duplication of images; and conflicts of interest are the main causes of retractions. Retracted articles have been increasing in number over the years, and additionally, the amount of time that passes between an article's publication and retraction is getting shorter. We verify that retracted articles indeed continue to gain citations after the retraction, some even more than before.

目的探讨吸烟相关文献的撤稿原因及撤稿率。材料和方法我们进行了一项观察性研究，并检索了最大的已撤稿文章数据库。结果从1988年到2024年共发现83篇被撤稿的论文。根据文献类型（文献类型学），以原创文章居多（74篇）。这83份文件已经在65个不同的期刊上被撤回。通过检索Web of Science （WoS）和Scopus对撤稿论文的引用计数进行了检查，我们观察到，在WoS数据库中可用的68篇文章中，有四分之一（26.5%）的引用增加了，尽管它们是撤稿作品。撤回的原因是不可靠的、不一致的、错误的、缺失的数据或不正确的结论；重复以前发表的文章；在文章或以前的文章中复制图像；利益冲突；伦理/抄袭政策和作者身份问题；伪造同行评议；数据伪造/数据错误；应作者要求撤回的文章；以及未知的撤稿原因和期刊出版商的错误。结论：数据不可靠、不一致、不准确或缺失；错误的结论；或重复/已发表的文章；影像复制；利益冲突是撤稿的主要原因。近年来，撤稿文章的数量一直在增加，此外，文章发表和撤稿之间的时间也越来越短。我们证实撤回的文章确实在撤回后继续获得引用，有些甚至比之前更多。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding the Interaction Between Premature Ageing in HIV and COPD Using Epigenetic Clocks: A Case–Control Study Protocol 利用表观遗传时钟了解HIV早衰与COPD之间的相互作用：一项病例对照研究方案

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100489

Meritxell Gavalda , Rebecca Rowena Pena , Francisco Fanjul , Jose Luisa Valera , Borja G. Cosio , Ernest Sala , Marta Gonzalez-Freire , Melchor Riera

Objectives

Our project aims to study premature ageing in people living with HIV and COPD. We hypothesize that the chronic inflammation associated with both conditions accelerates the ageing process. HIV infection has undergone a significant paradigm shift in recent years, transitioning from a rapidly fatal disease to a chronic condition. People living with HIV experience more comorbidities (cardiovascular events, osteoporosis, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, …) at a younger age. This phenomenon, often referred to as ‘premature ageing,’ is associated with chronic inflammation and epigenetic changes. Epigenetic clocks, composite markers based on DNA methylation alterations, have emerged as valuable tools for predicting biological age as they predict mortality better than chronological age. These alterations are described both systemically and at the pulmonary level and are related to a higher prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and worsened respiratory function.

Material and methods

To achieve this, we will perform a case–control study analysing epigenetic clocks and comparing four different groups: healthy control subjects, patients living with HIV without COPD, COPD patients without HIV, and patients with both HIV and COPD.

Conclusions

We hypothesise that patients with both COPD and HIV will exceed the cumulative ageing effect of each condition separately, which suggests a multiplicative effect of ageing between HIV and COPD. Should our hypothesis be supported, it could justify a re-evaluation and potential modification of current screening protocols for COPD in HIV patients or the implementation of case-finding strategies.

我们的项目旨在研究艾滋病毒和慢性阻塞性肺病患者的过早衰老。我们假设与这两种情况相关的慢性炎症加速了衰老过程。近年来，艾滋病毒感染经历了重大的模式转变，从一种迅速致命的疾病转变为一种慢性疾病。艾滋病毒感染者在更年轻的时候会经历更多的合并症（心血管事件、骨质疏松症、癌症、神经退行性疾病等）。这种现象通常被称为“早衰”，与慢性炎症和表观遗传变化有关。表观遗传时钟，基于DNA甲基化改变的复合标记，已经成为预测生物年龄的有价值的工具，因为它们比实足年龄更能预测死亡率。这些改变在系统和肺水平上都有描述，并且与慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的较高患病率和呼吸功能恶化有关。为了实现这一目标，我们将进行一项病例对照研究，分析表观遗传时钟，并比较四种不同的组：健康对照受试者、无COPD的HIV患者、无HIV的COPD患者和同时患有HIV和COPD的患者。结论我们假设同时患有COPD和HIV的患者将分别超过每种疾病的累积衰老效应，这表明HIV和COPD之间存在衰老的乘法效应。如果我们的假设得到支持，它可以证明重新评估和潜在修改当前HIV患者COPD筛查方案或实施病例发现策略是合理的。

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引用次数: 0

Therapeutic Bronchoscopic Intratumoral Injection in Lung Cancer: Current Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities for Resource-Limited Settings 支气管镜下肿瘤内注射治疗肺癌：资源有限环境下的当前进展、挑战和机遇

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100490

Dimas Bayu Firdaus , Oea Khairsyaf , Russilawati

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with a high burden in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. Conventional treatments, including surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic chemotherapy, are often limited by patient factors such as multifocal disease, poor pulmonary reserve, or central airway obstruction. This review explores bronchoscopic intratumoral injection as a novel, localized therapeutic strategy and assesses its feasibility in resource-limited settings. We conducted a narrative synthesis of recent literature on bronchoscopic intratumoral injection techniques, therapeutic agents, clinical outcomes, and implementation challenges. Additional focus was placed on the Indonesian healthcare context, particularly the infrastructure in West Sumatra. Bronchoscopic intratumoral injection delivers chemotherapeutic, immunologic, or gene-based agents directly into tumors using flexible bronchoscopy, including transbronchial needle injection, endobronchial ultrasound-guided injection, and cone-beam computed tomography. This approach achieves high local drug concentrations with minimal systemic toxicity, shifting the paradigm toward immune modulation and durable tumor control. Clinical outcomes include improved airway patency, lung function, symptom relief, and survival in patients ineligible for standard therapies. Feasibility in Indonesia is supported by existing clinical resources and agent availability. Despite challenges, such as limited access to advanced imaging, specialized equipment, and skilled personnel, bronchoscopic intratumoral injection may represent a promising investigational strategy in selected cases. Further research is warranted before routine clinical implementation can be contemplated. Strategies such as structured training and regional collaboration can bridge implementation gaps, aligning innovation with equitable lung cancer care in developing countries.

肺癌仍然是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因，在包括印度尼西亚在内的东南亚负担沉重。传统的治疗方法，包括手术、放疗和全身化疗，往往受到患者因素的限制，如多灶性疾病、肺储备不良或中央气道阻塞。这篇综述探讨了支气管镜下肿瘤内注射作为一种新的局部治疗策略，并评估了其在资源有限的情况下的可行性。我们对最近关于支气管镜下肿瘤内注射技术、治疗药物、临床结果和实施挑战的文献进行了叙述综合。另外还重点关注印度尼西亚的保健情况，特别是西苏门答腊的基础设施。支气管镜下肿瘤内注射使用柔性支气管镜将化疗、免疫或基于基因的药物直接注入肿瘤，包括经支气管针注射、支气管超声引导注射和锥束计算机断层扫描。这种方法实现了高局部药物浓度和最小的全身毒性，将范式转向免疫调节和持久的肿瘤控制。临床结果包括改善气道通畅、肺功能、症状缓解和不适合标准治疗的患者的生存。印度尼西亚的可行性得到了现有临床资源和药物可用性的支持。尽管存在挑战，如先进的成像设备、专门的设备和熟练的人员有限，支气管镜下肿瘤内注射可能是一种有前途的研究策略。在考虑常规临床应用之前，需要进一步的研究。结构化培训和区域合作等战略可以弥合实施差距，使创新与发展中国家的公平肺癌治疗相结合。

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引用次数: 0

ALAT-SEPAR Consensus on the Definition and Classification of Asthma Exacerbations by Severity: A Move Toward International Standardization ALAT-SEPAR对哮喘加重程度的定义和分类的共识：向国际标准化迈进

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100469

Ana María Stok , Francisco Álvarez-Gutiérrez , Lilian S. Ballini Caetano , Marina Blanco-Aparicio , Francisco Casas-Maldonado , Carmen Cano , Patricia Fernández , Gabriel García , Alicia Padilla-Galo , Vicente Plaza , Ignacio Zabert , José Gregorio Soto-Campos

Asthma exacerbation is a significant clinical event that occurs with varying severity, yet a set of universally accepted standardized definitions is still needed. The aim of this consensus developed by ALAT and SEPAR was to fill this gap with a validated proposal for classifying asthma exacerbations into levels of severity: non-severe, severe, and very severe.

The consensus was based on an in-depth review of the literature conducted by the scientific committee to identify key parameters for each level of severity, including worsening symptoms, respiratory function changes, and the need for specific medical interventions. A total of 67 publications were analyzed to generate a questionnaire on the defining elements of asthma exacerbations, and this was put to the vote. Twenty-eight international experts participated in the validation of characteristics and definitions of exacerbation severity following Delphi methodology. The resulting definitions clearly distinguish non-severe exacerbations (requiring minor adjustments in treatment) from severe exacerbations (requiring more intensive interventions, including longer systemic corticosteroid use or hospitalization) and very severe exacerbations (life-threatening events requiring intensive care). These definitions provide a standardized framework that facilitates comparison between clinical trials and optimizes patient care.

This consensus lays the foundation for unifying management criteria in global clinical practice and fostering research on the efficacy of asthma treatments. It also underlines the importance of accurate classification in improving clinical outcomes and reducing the overall burden of disease.

哮喘加重是一种严重程度不一的重大临床事件，但仍需要一套普遍接受的标准化定义。由ALAT和SEPAR达成共识的目的是通过将哮喘恶化分为严重程度：非严重、严重和非常严重的有效建议来填补这一空白。该共识是基于科学委员会对文献进行的深入审查，以确定每个严重程度的关键参数，包括症状恶化、呼吸功能改变和具体医疗干预的必要性。总共分析了67份出版物，以生成一份关于哮喘恶化的定义要素的问卷，并将其付诸表决。28名国际专家根据德尔菲法参与了对恶化严重程度的特征和定义的验证。由此产生的定义明确区分了非严重恶化（需要对治疗进行轻微调整）、严重恶化（需要更强化的干预，包括更长时间的全身皮质类固醇使用或住院治疗）和非常严重的恶化（需要重症监护的危及生命的事件）。这些定义提供了一个标准化的框架，便于临床试验之间的比较和优化患者护理。这一共识为统一全球临床实践的管理标准和促进哮喘治疗疗效的研究奠定了基础。它还强调了准确分类在改善临床结果和减少疾病总体负担方面的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Lung Cancer in Young Adults 年轻人的肺癌

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100497

Antolina Gómez López , Arschang Valipour , Carlos José Álvarez Martínez

引用次数: 0

Avoidable Mortality Burden Attributable to PM2.5 in Madrid (Spain) 马德里（西班牙）PM2.5可避免的死亡率负担

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100494

Ángel López-Encuentra , Esther Gil Cid , Víctor Abraira , Luis Miguel Pozo Coronado , on behalf of the Coordinadora Vecinal Distrito Latina (COVELA), the Asociación Madres por el Clima Lourdes

The World Health Organization (WHO) established in 2021 an annual health limit of 5 μg/m³ for outdoor PM2.5 concentrations (cPM2.5). Our objective was to evaluate the health impact of cPM2.5 in two locations of a large city during 2023. In the first study (South; more socially vulnerable), the 5 μg/m³ limit was exceeded 70% of the time. Additionally, 26% of the values were above 15 μg/m³. In the second study (Central), this limit (5 μg/m³) was exceeded 99% of the time, and 64% of the values were above 15 μg/m³. Based on data from both locations (1,149,930 inhabitants over the age of 25), annual lung cancer mortality ranged from 23 to 38 cases (6.7%–8.7%), while mortality from non-communicable diseases ranged from 700 to 854 cases (10.7%–12.3%). The avoidable burden of mortality attributable to annual PM2.5 concentrations justifies the urgent need for their drastic reduction as a public health policy.

世界卫生组织（世卫组织）于2021年将室外PM2.5浓度（cPM2.5）的年度健康限值定为5 μg/m3。我们的目标是在2023年期间评估一个大城市两个地点的pm2.5对健康的影响。在第一项研究中（南方，社会弱势），超过5 μg/m3限值的比例为70%。超过15 μg/m3的占26%。在第二项研究（中部）中，超过该限值（5 μg/m3）的占99%，超过15 μg/m3的占64%。根据两个地点（25岁以上居民1 149,930人）的数据，每年肺癌死亡率为23至38例（6.7%-8.7%），非传染性疾病死亡率为700至854例（10.7%-12.3%）。每年PM2.5浓度造成的死亡负担是可以避免的，因此，作为一项公共卫生政策，迫切需要大幅减少PM2.5浓度。

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引用次数: 0

Equity in Respiratory Health: Actionable Recommendations for Spain 呼吸健康的公平性：对西班牙的可行建议

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100487

Carlos Almonacid , Joan B. Soriano , M. Guadalupe Fontán , Beatriz González López-Valcárcel , Carmen Hernández , Rafael Manzanera , Remedios Martel , Mariano Pastor , Virginia Rodríguez , Isabel Urrutia , Raquel Varas-Doval , Eusebi Chiner

Chronic respiratory diseases are a major public health burden, affecting over 7 million people in Spain and representing the third leading cause of death. Conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and lung cancer are heavily influenced by social and environmental determinants, including socioeconomic status, air quality, and smoking. Moreover, the increasingly aging Spanish population and persistent urban pollution levels further expand the burden of these diseases. This article underscores the urgent need to address inequities in respiratory healthcare through comprehensive policy action. To this end, we herein propose measures such as strengthening primary care to ensure early diagnosis, enhancing coordination between community pharmacy, primary and hospital care, incorporating specialised roles such as continuity-of-care nurses, prioritising access to cost-effective innovative treatments, promoting healthy environments, and reinforcing anti-smoking initiatives. We also advocate for inclusion of social determinants of health indicators in electronic health records and for development of patient education programmes. Tackling respiratory health disparities requires targeted strategies that involve all healthcare and social stakeholders to optimise resource use and improve the quality of life of patients with respiratory diseases in Spain.

慢性呼吸道疾病是一个主要的公共卫生负担，影响到西班牙700多万人，是第三大死亡原因。慢性阻塞性肺病、哮喘和肺癌等疾病受到社会和环境决定因素的严重影响，包括社会经济地位、空气质量和吸烟。此外，西班牙人口日益老龄化和持续的城市污染水平进一步扩大了这些疾病的负担。本文强调迫切需要通过全面的政策行动来解决呼吸保健方面的不平等问题。为此，我们在此提出一些措施，如加强初级保健以确保早期诊断，加强社区药房、初级保健和医院保健之间的协调，纳入专业角色，如持续护理护士，优先获得具有成本效益的创新治疗，促进健康环境，以及加强反吸烟倡议。我们还主张将健康指标的社会决定因素纳入电子健康记录，并制定患者教育方案。解决呼吸系统健康差异问题需要有针对性的战略，让所有医疗保健和社会利益攸关方参与其中，以优化资源利用并改善西班牙呼吸系统疾病患者的生活质量。

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引用次数: 0

Traducción estandarizada al castellano del cuestionario King's Brief Interstitial Lung Disease (K-BILD) Traducción estandarizada al castellano del cutionario King's Brief间质性肺病（K-BILD）

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100491

Gianluca Cotta , Ana Alonso , Anna Feliu , Patricia Peñacoba , Irene Martin , Surrinder Birring , Diego Castillo

Diffuse interstitial lung diseases (ILD) can have a significant impact on the health of affected patients. Questionnaires that adequately assess their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are therefore essential. The King's Brief Interstitial Lung Disease (K-BILD) health status questionnaire is a specifically validated questionnaire to evaluate HRQoL in patients with diffuse ILD. Since it was only available in English, a study was conducted following the recommended methodology to develop a Spanish version of the questionnaire.

弥漫性间质性肺疾病（ILD）可对患者的健康产生重大影响。因此，充分评估其健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）的问卷是必不可少的。King’s Brief间质性肺病（K-BILD）健康状况问卷是一份经过专门验证的问卷，用于评估弥漫性ILD患者的HRQoL。由于只有英文本，因此按照建议的方法进行了一项研究，以编制问题单的西班牙文版本。

引用次数: 0

Spain's Sarcoidosis Mortality: An Evolving Public Health Challenge 西班牙结节病死亡率：不断演变的公共卫生挑战

Q4 Medicine

Open Respiratory Archives

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.opresp.2025.100495

Lucia Cayuela , Anna Michela Gaeta , Victoria Achaval Rodríguez , Sara Cabrera Fernández , Aurelio Cayuela

Objective

To comprehensively analyze national trends in sarcoidosis mortality in Spain between 1999 and 2023, with a focus on demographic differences and changes over time.

Material and methods

This nationwide ecological study analyzed death registry data for sarcoidosis (ICD-10 code D86) from the Spanish National Institute of Statistics. Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) were calculated by sex and age. Joinpoint regression assessed temporal trends and annual percentage changes (APCs).

Results

Spain recorded 1053 sarcoidosis deaths between 1999 and 2023, with women accounting for 61.8%. Overall deaths rose, peaking at 72 in 2022. Mortality was heavily concentrated among those aged ≥ 65 years (75.8% of deaths). Age-specific mortality rates were negligible under 35, increasing markedly with age. Comparing 1999–2003 and 2019–2023 revealed rising mortality, especially among older adults; for example, men aged 70–74 saw rates increase from 1.22 to 4.06 per million, and women aged 80–84 from 3.24 to 8.40 per million. The male-to-female mortality ratio shifted over time, indicating a growing relative burden among men in several age groups. Joinpoint analysis showed steady ASMR increases: men's overall APC was +4.20%, driven by a 5.81% rise among those ≥65 years, while women's APC was +1.24%, primarily among those ≥65 years.

Conclusions

Sarcoidosis mortality in Spain has risen substantially over 25 years, particularly among older adults and men. These findings underscore the need for targeted management and public health interventions focused on Spain's ageing population.

目的全面分析1999年至2023年西班牙结节病死亡率的全国趋势，重点分析人口统计学差异和随时间的变化。材料和方法这项全国性的生态学研究分析了来自西班牙国家统计局的结节病死亡登记数据（ICD-10代码D86）。年龄标准化死亡率（ASMRs）按性别和年龄计算。连接点回归评估了时间趋势和年百分比变化（APCs）。结果1999年至2023年，西班牙共有1053例结节病死亡，其中女性占61.8%。总体死亡人数上升，2022年达到72人的峰值。死亡率主要集中在年龄≥65岁的人群（占死亡人数的75.8%）。35岁以下的年龄组死亡率可以忽略不计，随着年龄的增长而显著增加。比较1999-2003年和2019-2023年发现死亡率上升，尤其是老年人；例如，70-74岁男性的发病率从1.22‰上升到4.06‰，80-84岁女性从3.24‰上升到8.40‰。男女死亡率随时间而变化，表明在几个年龄组中，男性的相对负担越来越重。联合点分析显示，ASMR稳步上升：男性的总体APC为+4.20%，其中65岁以上人群的APC上升5.81%，而女性的APC为+1.24%，主要是65岁以上人群。结论西班牙的结节病死亡率在过去25年中大幅上升，特别是在老年人和男性中。这些调查结果强调需要针对西班牙的老龄化人口进行有针对性的管理和公共卫生干预。

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引用次数: 0