Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414406
Kelli P. Gariglietti, Julie A. Allison
Abstract This study investigated perceptions of after-death communication (ADC). Because of the anecdotal nature of such experiences, scientific research in this area is restricted to assessing individuals' perceptions of them. Results from this study found that 54% of participants perceived having had some form of an ADC experience. The most common experience of those reporting ADCs was during sleep. Of those reporting ADCs, the majority indicated that ADCs should or should “definitely” be discussed, and that their experience had been a positive one. Religious beliefs were not found to be a significant difference between those who had experienced an ADC and those who had not. Significant differences between those not reporting an ADC and those indicating the possibility of having had such an experience were found on four variables. Those reporting ADCs were more likely to practice relaxation or meditation techniques, held a stronger belief that perceptions of ADCs should be shared with others, were less ...
{"title":"Laypersons' perceptions of after-death communication","authors":"Kelli P. Gariglietti, Julie A. Allison","doi":"10.1080/10811449708414406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449708414406","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigated perceptions of after-death communication (ADC). Because of the anecdotal nature of such experiences, scientific research in this area is restricted to assessing individuals' perceptions of them. Results from this study found that 54% of participants perceived having had some form of an ADC experience. The most common experience of those reporting ADCs was during sleep. Of those reporting ADCs, the majority indicated that ADCs should or should “definitely” be discussed, and that their experience had been a positive one. Religious beliefs were not found to be a significant difference between those who had experienced an ADC and those who had not. Significant differences between those not reporting an ADC and those indicating the possibility of having had such an experience were found on four variables. Those reporting ADCs were more likely to practice relaxation or meditation techniques, held a stronger belief that perceptions of ADCs should be shared with others, were less ...","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129570952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449808414430
Marc Orlitzky
Abstract The explosion of TWA Flight 800 was the second-worst aviation disaster in U.S. history. This theoretical article suggests that as long as the cause of the plane crash remains a mystery, bereaved family members and friends will remain in a relatively weak position to make sense of the tragedy. The meta-construct of “coping effectiveness” is explained in its dimensionality, and then a general model of coping effectiveness is developed. Individual and situational variables are proposed as antecedents of survivors' effectiveness in coping with the loss of significant others. The individual variables are demographic, intrapsychic, and behavioral-contextual. The situational variables are suddenness, scope, and cause of organizational disaster. Story telling is the mediator between independent and dependent variables.
{"title":"One night, everything disappeared: Toward a model of coping effectiveness after organizational disasters","authors":"Marc Orlitzky","doi":"10.1080/10811449808414430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449808414430","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The explosion of TWA Flight 800 was the second-worst aviation disaster in U.S. history. This theoretical article suggests that as long as the cause of the plane crash remains a mystery, bereaved family members and friends will remain in a relatively weak position to make sense of the tragedy. The meta-construct of “coping effectiveness” is explained in its dimensionality, and then a general model of coping effectiveness is developed. Individual and situational variables are proposed as antecedents of survivors' effectiveness in coping with the loss of significant others. The individual variables are demographic, intrapsychic, and behavioral-contextual. The situational variables are suddenness, scope, and cause of organizational disaster. Story telling is the mediator between independent and dependent variables.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122580495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449808414432
S. Nixon, R. Vincent, R. Krug, B. Pfefferbaum
Abstract In the days and weeks following the Oklahoma City bombing on April 19,1995, Oklahoma state authorities, university faculty and staff, and leading experts from across the nation formed a coalition to address issues of clinical service delivery, educational intervention, and research. This article focuses on the centralized approach applied to the administration of research endeavors. This centralization was designed to minimize revictimization of both survivors and affected families, enhance the quality of data collected, and facilitate cooperation between participating investigators. The resultant set of projects includes a variety of research methodologies and study populations and will serve to significantly enhance understanding of the mental health sequelae of such disasters.
{"title":"Structure and organization of research efforts following the bombing of the murrah building","authors":"S. Nixon, R. Vincent, R. Krug, B. Pfefferbaum","doi":"10.1080/10811449808414432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449808414432","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the days and weeks following the Oklahoma City bombing on April 19,1995, Oklahoma state authorities, university faculty and staff, and leading experts from across the nation formed a coalition to address issues of clinical service delivery, educational intervention, and research. This article focuses on the centralized approach applied to the administration of research endeavors. This centralization was designed to minimize revictimization of both survivors and affected families, enhance the quality of data collected, and facilitate cooperation between participating investigators. The resultant set of projects includes a variety of research methodologies and study populations and will serve to significantly enhance understanding of the mental health sequelae of such disasters.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121447741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414403
H. Peskin, N. Auerhahn, D. Laub
Abstract This paper, in its first part, describes a phenomenon termed the second Holocaust, observed in Holocaust survivors and their children, whereby the original destruction of the Holocaust is not only reexperienced in postwar losses, but reenacted without conscious awareness. The Holocaust colors postwar adjustment, leaving survivors and their children resigned to attenuated and devitalized lives in the shadow of catastrophic Holocaust loss. In its second part, this paper deals with therapeutic interventions that can interrupt this phenomenon by initiating psychological equivalents of rescue in a patient's current life that were unforthcoming during war persecution. Such therapeutic rescue after the event helps restore the parental function of engaging and animating life.
{"title":"The second holocaust: Therapeutic rescue when life threatens","authors":"H. Peskin, N. Auerhahn, D. Laub","doi":"10.1080/10811449708414403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449708414403","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper, in its first part, describes a phenomenon termed the second Holocaust, observed in Holocaust survivors and their children, whereby the original destruction of the Holocaust is not only reexperienced in postwar losses, but reenacted without conscious awareness. The Holocaust colors postwar adjustment, leaving survivors and their children resigned to attenuated and devitalized lives in the shadow of catastrophic Holocaust loss. In its second part, this paper deals with therapeutic interventions that can interrupt this phenomenon by initiating psychological equivalents of rescue in a patient's current life that were unforthcoming during war persecution. Such therapeutic rescue after the event helps restore the parental function of engaging and animating life.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126118691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414404
K. Barry
Abstract The social normalization of prostitution, even where it is still illegal, in post-industrial states has led to a legitimization of many dimensions of sexual exploitation. This paper examines the social construction of exploitative sex in the prostitution exchange. The harm of being sexually objectified, a precondition for the prostitution exchange, that is repeated in mostly anonymous sexual contacts over weeks, months, and years, is evident in the split in the self that is constructed to sustain one in prostitution. This research finds that the buying of sex is a specifically gendered human rights violation. Identifying the harm in the social construction of prostituted sex and its normalization explains a significant aspect of the context of sexual exploitation in Western, postindustrial states. This paper further explores how prostitution, as an institution and an industry, is shaped by the socioeconomic development of the state and world region. Trafficking in women, military prostitution, an...
{"title":"Prostitution of sexuality: A cause for new international human rights","authors":"K. Barry","doi":"10.1080/10811449708414404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449708414404","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The social normalization of prostitution, even where it is still illegal, in post-industrial states has led to a legitimization of many dimensions of sexual exploitation. This paper examines the social construction of exploitative sex in the prostitution exchange. The harm of being sexually objectified, a precondition for the prostitution exchange, that is repeated in mostly anonymous sexual contacts over weeks, months, and years, is evident in the split in the self that is constructed to sustain one in prostitution. This research finds that the buying of sex is a specifically gendered human rights violation. Identifying the harm in the social construction of prostituted sex and its normalization explains a significant aspect of the context of sexual exploitation in Western, postindustrial states. This paper further explores how prostitution, as an institution and an industry, is shaped by the socioeconomic development of the state and world region. Trafficking in women, military prostitution, an...","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114268252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449708414407
Paul L. Toth
Abstract This article is an evaluative study of a short-term grief and loss therapy group conducted at a large Midwestern university's counseling center. The group was held for students who had experienced loss through death of a significant person. The author examines brief group psychotherapy, special considerations of the college student's grief experience, an adaptation of the brief group model for grieving students, and data gathered from the members of the therapy group. Students' scores on a grief instrument showed mixed results. Group members made journal entries at four times during the group experience. They reported that the group was a supportive and helpful experience; five of Yalom's (1995) eleven therapeutic factors could be discerned. Recommendations regarding the treatment of grieving students in a group setting are made.
{"title":"A Short-Term Grief and Loss Therapy Group: Group Members' Experiences.","authors":"Paul L. Toth","doi":"10.1080/10811449708414407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449708414407","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article is an evaluative study of a short-term grief and loss therapy group conducted at a large Midwestern university's counseling center. The group was held for students who had experienced loss through death of a significant person. The author examines brief group psychotherapy, special considerations of the college student's grief experience, an adaptation of the brief group model for grieving students, and data gathered from the members of the therapy group. Students' scores on a grief instrument showed mixed results. Group members made journal entries at four times during the group experience. They reported that the group was a supportive and helpful experience; five of Yalom's (1995) eleven therapeutic factors could be discerned. Recommendations regarding the treatment of grieving students in a group setting are made.","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"194 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133818372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449808414428
S. Yates
Abstract Basic to the study of disasters and other life crises are questions about how victims and observers make sense of the event. Attribution theory, which describes how and why people ascribe causes to events and behaviors, can provide a useful framework for helping researchers in their quest to understand how and why victims and observers respond as they do to cataclysmic events. In spite of its clear potential for guiding research, surprisingly few studies looking at disaster and nearly no studies of terrorism have used an attributional perspective. While other negative life crises have been studied, cataclysmic events such as disasters and terrorist attacks possess distinctive features that set them apart from other types of trauma. Because of differences in degree of consensus, perceived control, and intentionality, cataclysmic events offer attribution researchers a unique arena in which to test and clarify basic assumptions. This article reveiws the work done in the field and outlines areas of c...
{"title":"Attributions about the causes and consequences of cataclysmic events","authors":"S. Yates","doi":"10.1080/10811449808414428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449808414428","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Basic to the study of disasters and other life crises are questions about how victims and observers make sense of the event. Attribution theory, which describes how and why people ascribe causes to events and behaviors, can provide a useful framework for helping researchers in their quest to understand how and why victims and observers respond as they do to cataclysmic events. In spite of its clear potential for guiding research, surprisingly few studies looking at disaster and nearly no studies of terrorism have used an attributional perspective. While other negative life crises have been studied, cataclysmic events such as disasters and terrorist attacks possess distinctive features that set them apart from other types of trauma. Because of differences in degree of consensus, perceived control, and intentionality, cataclysmic events offer attribution researchers a unique arena in which to test and clarify basic assumptions. This article reveiws the work done in the field and outlines areas of c...","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129416596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449908409714
M. Ender, M. Segal, S. Stanley
Abstract Previous studies of loss in a military social context have focused on organizational and military unit responses to death and serious injury and bereavement among family members. Integrating structuralist and symbolic interactionist approaches, this study describes the demanding occupational role of army casualty assistance officers (CAOs). This unique military position has the concomitant obligations of administrator and caregiver to surviving family members following death, missing, or captured status of U.S. soldiers in both peace and wartime. The research design involved a qualitative content analysis of the role requirements described in CA 0 handbooks and responses to an open-ended questionnaire (N = 188) by CAOs who served the families of U.S. Army soldiers killed in three unrelated air disasters in Gander, Newfoundland; Lockerbie; Scotland, and Arizona, U.SA., between 1985 and 1990. CAOs are generally preoccupied with instrumental demands associated with their role. The role transcends th...
{"title":"Role conformity and creativity: Soldiers as administrators and caregivers after loss","authors":"M. Ender, M. Segal, S. Stanley","doi":"10.1080/10811449908409714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449908409714","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Previous studies of loss in a military social context have focused on organizational and military unit responses to death and serious injury and bereavement among family members. Integrating structuralist and symbolic interactionist approaches, this study describes the demanding occupational role of army casualty assistance officers (CAOs). This unique military position has the concomitant obligations of administrator and caregiver to surviving family members following death, missing, or captured status of U.S. soldiers in both peace and wartime. The research design involved a qualitative content analysis of the role requirements described in CA 0 handbooks and responses to an open-ended questionnaire (N = 188) by CAOs who served the families of U.S. Army soldiers killed in three unrelated air disasters in Gander, Newfoundland; Lockerbie; Scotland, and Arizona, U.SA., between 1985 and 1990. CAOs are generally preoccupied with instrumental demands associated with their role. The role transcends th...","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134495826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/15325029608415453
J. Harvey
{"title":"Editorial and commentary: On creating the journal of personal and interpersonal loss and the nature of loss","authors":"J. Harvey","doi":"10.1080/15325029608415453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15325029608415453","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122269255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10811449908409716
E. Kendall, N. Buys
Abstract Motor vehicle accidents are extremely common in Australia and generate large social costs. The survivors of these accidents frequently sustain significant permanent disabilities that require ongoing treatment, rehabilitation, and community care. However, the psychosocial consequences of motor vehicle accidents are usually overlooked. For many survivors of motor vehicle accidents, the trauma and psychological or emotional difficulties they experience can be devastating. Socially and vocationally, the losses associated with motor vehicle accidents can be extensive, particularly if a permanent disability has been sustained. Despite the size and potential cost of the problems associated with motor vehicle accidents, this area has been adequately studied as a source of loss and grief. Given that psychosocial problems can hinder the rehabilitation process, workers must be aware of the adjustment problems that are likely to arise from this type of loss. Accordingly, the aim of the current article is to ...
{"title":"The psychosocial consequences of motor vehicle accidents","authors":"E. Kendall, N. Buys","doi":"10.1080/10811449908409716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10811449908409716","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Motor vehicle accidents are extremely common in Australia and generate large social costs. The survivors of these accidents frequently sustain significant permanent disabilities that require ongoing treatment, rehabilitation, and community care. However, the psychosocial consequences of motor vehicle accidents are usually overlooked. For many survivors of motor vehicle accidents, the trauma and psychological or emotional difficulties they experience can be devastating. Socially and vocationally, the losses associated with motor vehicle accidents can be extensive, particularly if a permanent disability has been sustained. Despite the size and potential cost of the problems associated with motor vehicle accidents, this area has been adequately studied as a source of loss and grief. Given that psychosocial problems can hinder the rehabilitation process, workers must be aware of the adjustment problems that are likely to arise from this type of loss. Accordingly, the aim of the current article is to ...","PeriodicalId":343335,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Personal & Interpersonal Loss","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128956637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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